2-2-16 solid waste program - anaerobic digesters

7/25/2019 2-2-16 Solid Waste Program - Anaerobic Digesters

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Environmental Business Council of New England

Energy Environment Economy

EBC Solid Waste Management Program:

Where are all theAnaerobic Digesters?


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Thomas A. Mackie

Chair, EBC Solid Waste Committee

Managing Shareholder

Mackie Shea P.C.



Welcome


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David Adams, P.E.

Program Co-Chair & Moderator

Senior Vice President/Principal

Sanborn, Head & Associates, Inc.



Introduction


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Sultana Haque, P.E.

Program Co-Chair

Natural Resources Project Manager

HDR Engineering, Inc.



Introduction


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James Doucett &

Nancy L. SeidmanMassachusetts Department of

Environmental Protection



Anaerobic Digester History and

Regulatory Review


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EBC

Feb 2, 2016

James Doucett

Nancy Seidman


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Past Regulatory Hurdles for AD Regulations to site and operate a solid waste facility

were designed primarily for landfills and transferstations

Siting could take significant time, up to 2 years

Local BOH made final siting decision. No guarantees,even when criteria appear to be met

Anaerobic Digestion (AD) was not addressed in solidwaste regulatory structure so not clear how to permit

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Past Regulatory Hurdles for AD Solid Waste Regulations addressed landfills,

transfer stations, recycling and composting, andnot AD

What was the permitting pathway? What standards for AD? Certainty needed for all Permitting 1stfarm digester as a recycling

technology - regulations were not a good fit

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Response: Task Force on Building

Organics Capacity Charge:

Identify barriers to advancing AD

Develop a list of opportunities to overcome barriers Develop guiding principles

Recommend specific actions to overcome barriers andtake advantage of opportunities

Identify entities that should be charged withimplementation

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Response: Task Force on Building

Organics Capacity Held 4 meetings

Received input on modifying regulations from wide

variety of stakeholders Established levels of MassDEP review

Treat AD as a type of recycling technology

Simplified permitting similar to recycling facilities:

General Permit; or

Recycling, Composting or Conversion (RCC) Permit

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Organics Waste Ban Regulation issued 1/31/14

Effective date of organics waste ban 10/1/14

Applies only to large producers of food waste (>1 tonper week) not currently diverting food waste fromdisposal

Very positive roll-out of the ban with significant

outreach to diverse stakeholders going back to 2010 Organics Subcommittee

Organics Action Plan

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Numerous Incentives Support AD Federal investment and production tax credits

State incentives from DOER, CEC, DEP, DAR and

MassDevelopment: Commonwealth Organics to Energy Grants

RECs/AECs

Net metering credits

Green Communities Sustainable Materials Recovery Program (SMRP)

State Revolving Fund (SRF)

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Operating Digesters: 6 WWTP digesters:

GLSD moving to co-digestion with SSO

4 farm digesters:

Jordan Dairy Barstow Farm Barway Farm (RCC permit issued) Pine Island Farm

2 food manufacturing digesters: Kens Foods Garelick Farms

CRM Crapo Hill Pilot Stop & Shop (under construction)

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Projects under Development: MWRA?

Bourne/Harvest Power

NEO Fall River UMass Amherst

MCI Shirley

Several other proposals under consideration

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Issues: Many Moving Parts Needa site

Need infrastructure

Need permits Solid waste general permit or RCC permit

Air 310 CMR 7.02

Need organic materials in sufficient quantity andquality

Need market for products (heat, power, digestate insome cases)

Need time

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Questions/Issues: Enough Source Separated Organics (SSO) within

reasonable distance to supply facilities?

Redirect SSO to AD facility? Long-term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)s?

Nutrient Management Regulations Implementation?

How clean should biogas be?

Engine O&M considerations

Emissions considerations

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Air Quality Issues: Gas clean-up

Controls for CO and NOx

Landfill Gas

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Conclusions: Ban in place a year +

Good progress occurring with siting, permitting and

operations Ongoing issues remain

MassDEP committed to working on those issues

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Contacts:James Doucett Director Clean Energy Results

Program (CERP)

[email protected]

617-292-5868

Nancy Seidman Assistant Commissioner, Bureau of

Air and Waste (BAW)[email protected]

617-556-1020

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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Tony Barbagallo, P.E.

Director of Business Development

Casella Organics



Marketplace/Demand for the

Management of Organics Waste


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CASELLARESOURCE SOLUTIONS ZERO-SORT RECYCLING COLLECTION ORGANICS ENERGY LANDFILLS casella.com 21

Environmental Business Council NESolid Waste Management Program

2/2/2016

Wheres the AD?Marketplace Demand for the Management of Organic Waste

CASELLARESOURCE SOLUTIONS ZERO-SORT RECYCLING COLLECTION ORGANICS ENERGY LANDFILLS casella.com


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Recycling CASELLA ORGANICS

Over3

decades experience recovering value from

organic and mineral byproducts in the northeast

Diverting >450,000tons/year organic residuals

Operate 2on-farm digesters receiving over 35,000tons/year of liquid food processing residuals

Collect over 5,000tons/year of source separatedfood scraps for diversion to 3rdparty compost

facilities

Participating in policy discussions around food waste

diversion in 4+states (MA, VT, NY, ME)

Currently conducting and participating in 5pilotstudies around collection and processing


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Helping Conventional & Organic farmers grow for more than 30 years:

Extensive range of more than forty products

Marketing over 300,000 cy/yr of compost, animal bedding, fertilizer,

liming agents, & wood ash

Technical assistance provided including soil sampling

More than 35 spreaders available

Agronomist & crop advisors on staff

Agricultural Products


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Collaboration and Partnerships

Integrated Food Waste Recovery Solutions AD Feedstock Supply Transportation

Digester Operations

Compliance

Logistics

Earthlife Agricultural Products

CASELLA ORGANICS


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Wheres the AD?


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Disclaimer

The information contained in this presentation has

been gathered from a number of publicly available

sources as well as from conversations with some of the

facilities managers. Casella Organics makes norepresentation as to the accuracy of the information

included in this presentation.


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RecyclingWorks- Find a Recycler


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RecyclingWorks- Find a Recycler

Search for Food Waste/Compostables Processors

41 entries

39 composting and animal feed outlets. 2 anaerobic digesters

Exeter EnergyExeter, ME

Commonwealth Resource Management (CRMI)

Dartmouth, MA (Pilot)


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1. Vanguard RenewablesRutland, MA (formerly AGreen Energy)

Status - Currently operating at 400 wtpw capacity

2. Vanguard RenewablesHadley, MA (formerly BGreen Energy)

StatusCurrently operating at 270 wtpw capacity

3. Exeter Agri-EnergyExeter, ME

StatusCurrently operating at approx 50% of 960 wtpw capacity

4. Commonwealth Resource Management (CRMC)Dartmouth, MAStatusPilot plant operating near 75 wtpw capacity

5. Vermont Technical CollegeRandolph, VT

StatusOperating

Existing Digesters Accepting SSO


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Wheres the AD?

Here it comes!

New Anaerobic Digester Capacity


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CASELLARESOURCE SOLUTIONS ZERO-SORT RECYCLING COLLECTION ORGANICS ENERGY LANDFILLS

casella.com 31

1. Greater Lawrence Sanitation District (GLSD) - North Andover, MA Pilot project startup Spring 2016 - 820 wtpw

Scale up includes construction of additional digester

Full scale capacity - 2,660 wtpw

Liquid SSO only

Feedstock supplied by Waste Management

2. Vanguard Renewables - Rutland, MA Expansion

Upgrade completion Spring 2016 - 125 wtpw additional capacity

Liquid and clean solid SSO

Feedstock supplied by Casella


Currently Under Construction



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casella.com 32

3. Vanguard Renewables - Hadley, MA Expansion

Upgrade completion Spring 2016 - 225 wtpw additional capacity

Liquid and clean solid SSO

Feedstock supplied by Casella

4. Blue SphereJohnstown, RI

Startup Spring 20161,400 wtpw

3.2 MW facility

Liquid and solid SSO w/ processing

Looking for feedstock

5. Quantum Biopower - Southington, CT Completion Spring 2016 - 780 wtpw capacity

Liquid and solid SSO w/ processing

Looking for feedstock





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casella.com 33

5. FEED Recovery/Stop & Shop - Freetown, MA

Startup Spring 20161,400 wtpw

Serving Stop & Shop Facilities

Solid SSO w/ processing

Looking for additional feedstock ???

6. Village GreenBrunswick, ME Startup ongoing

Liquid biosolids & SSO only

Primarily biosolids for initial period



Additional Proposed


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casella.com 34

Additional AD facilities currently proposed: Vanguard RenewablesDeerfield, MA 640 wtpw

Vanguard Renewables Several additional locations

Harvest PowerBourne, MA 385 wtpw

Exeter Energy ExpansionExeter ME

Additional AD facilities recently considered

MWRABarge only - 1,000 wtpw during pilot program Plymouth MA WWTFRFP issued but put on hold

Hamilton MA WWTFRFP issued, no bidders

Additional Proposed

Anaerobic Digesters to Accept SSO

Summary of


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casella.com 35

Summary of

Anaerobic Digesters to Accept SSO


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casella.com 36

In addition to the existing and proposed ADprojects included in this presentation, there

are also several composting and animal feed

facilities that are being proposed that will alsoincrease the available outlets for SSO

management. These facilities will compete for

many of the same feedstocks that digestersdesire.

Additional SSO Proposed SSO Facilities


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casella.com 37

Wheres the AD? Its coming.

Perhaps the better question to ask is


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casella.com 38

Wheres the SSO?


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casella.com 39

Thank you!

Tony Barbagallo, [email protected]

207-310-8697

CASELLA ORGANICS

Creating value from organic

and mineral residuals through

innovative resource solutions


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Thomas Yeransian

Principal

CommonWealth Resource

Management Corporation



Challenges Regarding Air

Emissions Controls and

Electrical Interconnection


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Presentation at

Environmental Business Council of New

England, Inc.

Solid Waste Management Program

Tuesday, February 2, 2016

Challenges to Develop ing AD Projects in MA :Air Perm it t ing and Interconnect ion


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AD biogas-to-energy projects:

Supportive of development

Environmentally Beneficial Project

Consistent with public policy Green Communities Act, the Green Jobs Act,

Global Warming Solutions Act

MDEPs Solid Waste Master Plan (April 2013)

Stated goals for increasing levels of renewableenergy production in Massachusetts.

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Supportive of development

Consistent with Public Policy Grants available through MassCEC and MDEP

Qualified to net meter power generated from biogas-to-energy Qualified under Renewable Portfolio Standards Program

Permitting under Site Assignment and Solid Waste Regulations

Ban on disposal of food waste (October 2014)

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Challenges to development

Emerging market with many uncertainties SSO supply agreements

End-uses of Digestate

PPAs

Air permitting

Interconnection

Ability to finance

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Air Permitting

Projects are Environmentally Beneficial

MA Air Regulations do not consider benefits of

Environmental Projects in permitting Renewable energy - offset emissions from fossil fuel power.

Reduction in GHGs

A MDEP policy can remedy inequities in regulation to

support an environmentally beneficial industry.

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ExistingMDEP BACT Policy

MDEP promulgated Policy Sept/Nov. 2012 before market had emerged.

Applies to commercial AD operations of source-separated organic material.

Establishes air pollutant emissions limitations for IC engines >500kW and flares

that are part of an AD facility.

Engine emission limitations - most stringent limits ever imposed in US oncommercial AD biogas-to-energy projects

Emission limits are substantially lower than hundreds of US operating projects

The engine emission limits are unattainable without extensive and effective biogastreatment and exhaust gas controls

No background document, analysis or basis provided for emission limitations.

Unaware of any outreach to industry in establishing policy.

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ExistingMDEP BACT Policy

What costs $0.07 per kilowatt-hour?

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BACT precedent Stop & Shop Project Freetown Project: 1 Million Gall Digester and

1.1 MW biogas-to-energy plant

Biogas treatment and exhaust gas controls would have been

required to meet MDEP policy

Not cost effective in accordance with MDEP BACT guidelines

Treatment and controls avoid little emissions

Non-attainment pollutants: NOx 9.1 2.5 tons, reduction of 6.6 tpy,VOCs 6.51.5 tons, reduction of 5.0 tpy

Small reduction in air emissions at high cost NOx: $79,540 per ton of NOx removed above baseline emissions >> $11,000 to

$13,000 per ton range that MDEP BACT Guideline considers cost-effective limit.

CO: $10,860 per ton of COremoved above baseline emissions > $4,000 to $6,000per ton range that MDEP BACT Guideline considers cost-effective limit

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Other BACT considerations

Biogas-to-energy is integral to AD operation Heat recovered for AD processes

Power (small quantity) used for AD processes Combustion air used as odor control

Biogas treatment and exhaust gas controls result in Less reliable operation

Lower availability and capacity Lower export of power

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Comparison of systems

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BACT precedent

Stop & Shop, Freetown Project: Important precedent

MDEP issued permit January 8, 2014

Established precedent consistent with existing policy that MDEPestablished for landfill gas-to-energy, not the MDEP AD policy

Lean burn combustion of low NOx fuel is BACT.

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Fork in the road

Establish supportive policy or maintain uncertainty

MDEP policy precedent for LFGTE industry

Determined environmental beneficial overall establish policy that removesthe traditional hurdles to permitting of such projects

Analogous to AD biogas-to-energy

1996 LFGTE Policy established certainty for permitting

23 projects were permitted under policy resulting in 60 MW of

renewable energy installed MDEP can do it again for AD biogas-to-energy

Replace existing AD policy with existing LFGTE policy consistent with Stop &Shop precedent

Provide certainty for permitting

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Interconnection

Study and agreement usually long and arduous

Often times at end of process, interconnection costs

make project economically infeasible

Solution: Socialize the cost of interconnections forRenewable Energy

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AD biogas-to-energy projects

Questions?

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Networking Break


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Networking Break


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Brandon Moffatt

Senior Vice President of Energy

Harvest Power



The Market for the Purchase of

Renewable Power


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The Market for the Purchase ofRenewable Energy

Brandon Moffatt

Senior Vice President - Energy

Harvest Power

EBC

Westborough, MA


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59 2015 Harvest Power

Going Full Circle: Harvest Power Vision

Be the market leader for North Americas 500M+ tons/year of organic materials

by providing communities with tailored solutions

Create a more sustainable future by helping communities meet the challengesat the intersection of waste, agriculture and energy in the 21stcentury


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Emerging Opportunity: Food Waste

States and Cities Across North AmericaInstituting Food Waste Bans

Millions

0

1

2

3

2007 2009 2011 2012

US Households with Source Separated FoodWaste Collection

3x in past 5 years

Source: Biocycle, 2013

Food Waste Today is Where Green Waste Was in the 80s


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Our Solution

Bulk and bagged

soils and mulches

Composting and

mulching

Yard waste and

industrial wood residues

Biogas

Anaerobic digestionFood waste, biosolids,

and agricultural residues

Food waste

and energy

Organics

Processing

Fertilizers

2015 Harvest Power61


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Orlando, FL

Low Solids AD WWTP

Commissioned in Dec 2013

Capacity: 130,000 tons /yr

Energy Output: 3.2 MWe +

heat for drying

Product Output: Granular

Fertilizer

Customers: RCID; local waste

generators

Richmond, BC

High Solids AD

Commissioned in March 2013


Energy Output: 1.0 MWe

Product Output: Digestate for

composting to soil

Customers: Commingled SSO

from munis, I,C&I FW; BC

Hydro PPA


London, Ontario

Low Solids AD

Commissioned in July 2013


Energy Output: 2.8 MWe +

heat for drying

Product Output: Granular

Fertilizer, treated effluent

Customers: Merchant and

Contracted FW, WMI

Harvest Energy Gardens at a Glance

High Solids Anaerobic Digestion


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High Solids Anaerobic Digestion

Harvest Energy Garden - Richmond, BC

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Start-Up: Spring 2013

Capacity: 40,000+ tons /yr.organics (mixed food & yardwaste)

Energy Output: 2.2 MWcombined heat-and-power

Product Output: 5,000 MT/yr. high quality compost

Public Outreach: VisitorCenter hosts educational

tours and promotes ZeroWaste

Key Statistics

Low Solids Case Study:


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Low Solids Case Study:

Harvest Energy Garden - London, Ontario

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Start-Up: Spring 2013

Capacity: 100,000 tons /yr.

ICI (Institutional, Commercial,

Industrial) organics

Energy Output: 5.7 MW

combined heat-and-power

Product Output: 5,200 MT

/yr. granular fertilizer

Customers: Commercial foodprocessors, grocery stores,

restaurants, rendering plants

Key Statistics


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Case Study:

Harvests Energy Garden Central Florida

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Start-Up: Autumn 2013

Capacity: 120,000 tons /yr. ICI(Institutional, Commercial, Industrial)

and biosolids organicsEnergy Output: 7 MW combinedheat-and-power

Product Output: 5,000 MT /yr.granular fertilizer

Customers: Located at WWTP andco-digesting biosolids with ICI foodwastes

Serving: Hospitality industry thathosts 50 million visitors each year

Key Statistics


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Significant Market Drivers

Soil and Fertilizer

Primary Driver

Landfill Diversion

Source-Separated organics (SSO)

Sustainability

State RPS

Energy Independence

Commercial: CNG fleets

Agriculture:Soil Revitalization

and Demand for Organic Food

Residential: Favorable

Demographic Trend as Baby

Boomers Retire

Rollup existing infrastructure

Increase Processing Capacity

Process Higher Value Feedstocks

Biogas to Fulfill RPS Initiatives

Provide Local, Base-Load Power

Convert Biogas to CNG for FleetsBiogas & Energy

Organics Processing

Sell to Agriculture Transitioning

from Chemical to Organic

Product Marketing to Increase

Retail Throughput

Market Opportunity


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Biogas Capturing a Valuable Resource

Biogas is a product of anaerobic digestion, a naturally occurring process that utilizesorganic matter. Biogas can be used to generate electricity, be upgraded and

injected into the natural gas grid or compressed for use as vehicle fuel.



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Contact

Brandon [email protected]

Follow us @harvestpower

Like us

Watch our station

www.harvestpower.com

Join The Conversation

Panel Discussion


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Panel Discussion

Moderator: David Adams, Sanborn Head

Panel Members James Doucett, MassDEP

Nancy L. Seidman, MassDEP

Tony Barbagallo, Casella Organics Brandon Moffatt, Harvest Power

Thomas Yeransian,

CommonWealth Resource Management Corp.



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Where are all theAnaerobic Digesters?

2-2-16 solid waste program - anaerobic digesters

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