A) A B) B C) C D) D

1. The diagrams below represent photographs of Venusat four different positions in its orbit, as taken fromEarth.

At which position is Venus closest to Earth?

A)

B)

C)

D)

2. An observer on Earth measured the apparent diameterof the Sun over a period of 2 years. Which graph bestrepresents the Sun's apparent diameter during the 2years?

A) shape B) diameterC) altitude D) phase

3. The best evidence that the distance between the Moonand the Earth varies is provided by the apparentchange in the Moon's

A) The planet has a slower orbital velocity than theEarth.

B) The planet is closest to the Earth at position C.C) The apparent diameter of the planet varies

throughout the year.D) The planet does not rotate on its axis.

4. Diagrams A through D below represent phases of aplanet as seen by an observer on Earth using atelescope. The diagram is drawn to scale.

Which is the most logical conclusion about thisplanet?

A) The phases of the Moon changed.B) The Moon expanded.C) The distance from the Earth to the Moon

changed.D) The Moon rotated.

5. The diagram below represents two photographs of theMoon, A and B, taken at full moon phase severalmonths apart. The photographs were taken using thesame magnification. Each photograph was cut in halfand the halves placed next to each other.

What most likely caused the difference in theapparent size of the Moon in photographs A and B?

A) The apparent diameter of the Sun woulddecrease.

B) The amount of insolation received by the Earthwould increase.

C) The time for one Earth rotation (rotation period)would double.

D) The time for one Earth revolution (orbitalperiod) would decrease.

6. If the distance between the Earth and the Sun wereincreased, which change would occur?

A) has a spherical shapeB) is tilted on its axisC) orbits around the SunD) turns on its axis

7. The diagram below represents the apparent changes inthe direction of swing of a Foucault pendulum.

This apparent change in direction of swing providesevidence that Earth

A)

B)

C)

D)

8. Which device provides evidence that Earth rotates on its axis?

A) nearly spherical shapeB) gravitational attraction to the SunC) rotation on its axisD) nearly circular orbit around the Sun

9. The photograph below shows a Foucault pendulum ata museum. The pendulum knocks over pins in aregular pattern as it swings back and forth.

This pendulum movement, and the pattern ofknocked-over pins, is evidence of Earth's

A) revolution B) rotationC) tilted axis D) elliptical orbit

10. The Foucault pendulum and the Coriolis effect bothprovide evidence of Earth's

A) B)

C) D)

11. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulum that is swinging back and forth.

Which diagram best represents the change in the motion of a Foucault pendulum that providesevidence of Earth's rotation?

A) shape of Earth's orbitB) shape of the Milky Way galaxyC) changes in the total yearly duration of

insolation at a location on EarthD) apparent changes in the direction of swing of

a Foucault pendulum

12. The best evidence of Earth's rotation is provided bythe

A) revolution B) rotationC) spherical shape D) elliptical orbit

13. The direction of swing of a Foucault pendulumappears to change due to Earth's

A) is tilted on its axisB) is spinning on its axisC) has a curved surfaceD) has a density of 5.5 g/cm3

14. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing because Earth

A) phases of the MoonB) altitude of the noontime Sun from day to dayC) apparent path of a Foucault pendulumD) velocity of Earth in its orbit

15. The best evidence that Earth rotates on its axis is thechanging

A) varies in distance from the SunB) is tilted on its axisC) spins on its axisD) travels around the Sun

16. The motion of a Foucault pendulum providesevidence that Earth

A) tilt of Earth on its axisB) rotation of Earth on its axisC) revolution of Earth in its orbitD) speed of Earth in its orbit

17. The diagram below shows a large pendulum inmotion over an 8-hour period.

What is the main reason the pendulum appears tochange its direction of swing over time?

A) Earth rotatesB) Earth's axis is tiltedC) Earth revolvesD) Earth has a magnetic pole

18. The diagram below shows a heavy mass movingback and forth in a straight-line direction. Theapparent direction of movement changes over time.

This device provides evidence that

A) revolution around the Sun in a geocentric solarsystem

B) revolution around the Sun in a heliocentric solarsystem

C) rotation on its axis in a geocentric solar systemD) rotation on its axis in a heliocentric solar

system

19. The Foucault pendulum provides evidence of Earth's

A) rotates on its axisB) revolves in its orbitC) is tilted on its axisD) has an elliptical orbit

20. The path of a Foucault pendulum provides evidencethat Earth

A) the Sun rotates on its axisB) the Sun revolves around EarthC) Earth rotates on its axisD) Earth revolves around the Sun

21. A Foucault pendulum is used to prove that

A) tectonic platesB) PolarisC) a wind vaneD) a Foucault pendulum

22. The best evidence that Earth spins on its axis is themotion of

A) the revolving EarthB) the rotating EarthC) the Coriolis effectD) convection currents

23. The diagram below shows the equipment used todemonstrate a Foucault pendulum.

In the demonstration, a student swings the weighthanging in the pail and then spins the stool. Thestool represents

A) rotation B) revolutionC) tilted axis D) gravity

24. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing over a period of several hours because ofEarth's

A) curved surface B) tilted axisC) rotation D) revolution

25. The diagram below represents a swinging Foucaultpendulum.

This pendulum will show an apparent change in thedirection of its swing due to Earth's

A) tilt of Earth’s axisB) spin of Earth on its axisC) deflection of Earth’s planetary windsD) movement of Earth in its orbit around the Sun

26. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing due to the

A) rotation of EarthB) revolution of EarthC) tilt of Earth's axisD) shape of Earth's orbit

27. The apparent change in direction of a swingingFoucault pendulum is the result of the

A) orbit around the SunB) curved surfaceC) tilted axisD) spin on its axis

28. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulumswinging freely for 8 hours.

The Foucault pendulum appears to gradually changeits direction of swing due to Earth's

A) the Sun’s rotationB) the Sun’s revolutionC) Earth’s rotationD) Earth’s revolution

29. The motion of a Foucault pendulum providesevidence of

A) location of mid-oceanic ridge volcanoes and thedistribution of index fossils

B) movement of Foucault pendulums and theCoriolis effect on air movement

C) pattern of changing seasons and the depth ofmeteor impacts

D) rate of uranium-238 decay and changes inatmospheric composition

30. The best evidence that Earth rotates is provided bythe

A) variations in atmospheric densityB) apparent shifts in the swing of a Foucault

pendulumC) changes in the position of sunspots on the SunD) eclipses of the Moon

31. The best evidence that Earth spins on its axis isprovided by

32. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents the Moonorbiting Earth as viewed from space above the North Pole. The Moon is shown at eight differentpositions in its orbit.

A) Foucault pendulum B) seismographC) thermometer D) wind vane

Which device when placed on the Moon would provide evidence of Moon rotation?

A) tectonic plate movementB) force of gravityC) rotationD) revolution

33. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulumswinging freely for 8 hours.

The pendulum appears to change its direction ofswing because of Earth's

A) Moon's rotation on its axisB) Moon's revolution around the EarthC) Earth's rotation on its axisD) Earth's revolution around the Sun

34. In 1851, the French physicist Jean Foucaultconstructed a large pendulum that always changedits direction of swing at the same rate in a clockwisedirection. According to Foucault, this change indirection of swing was caused by the

A) eccentricity B) refractionC) the Coriolis effect D) the Doppler effect

35. The deflection of prevailing winds and oceancurrents in the Northem Hemisphere is called

A) the Coriolis effectB) the Doppler effectC) the tilt of Earth's axisD) Earth's gravity

36. Earth's planetary winds curve to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere due to

A) Doppler effectB) Coriolis effectC) tilt of Earth's axisD) polar front jet stream

37. Planetary winds in the Northern Hemisphere aredeflected to the right due to the

A) A B) B C) C D) D

38. The diagram below represents a globe that isspinning to represent Earth rotating. The globe isspinning in the direction indicated by the arrow.Points A, B, C, D, X, and Y are locations on theglobe.

A student attempted to draw a straight line frompoint X to point Y on the spinning globe. Due to theCoriolis effect, the student's drawn line most likelypassed through point

A) Doppler effectB) Coriolis effectC) tilt of Earth's axisD) uneven heating of Earth's surface

39. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary winds aredeflected to the right due to the

A) revolution of Earth around the SunB) revolution of the Moon around EarthC) rotation of Earth on its axisD) rotation of the Moon on its axis

40. Which motion causes the Coriolis effect on Earth?

A) B)

C) D)

41. The arrow on the map below represents the direction a wind is blowing over a land surface in theNorthern Hemisphere without showing the Coriolis effect.

Which dashed arrow represents how the wind direction will change in the Northern Hemisphere dueto the Coriolis effect?

A) rotation of Earth on its axisB) unequal heating of Earth's surfaceC) gravitational force of the MoonD) gravitational force of the Sun

42. What causes many surface winds to deflect to theright in the Northern Hemisphere?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

43. The arrows in the diagram below show changes inthe direction of surface winds at four letteredlocations, A, B, C, and D, on Earth.

The arrow at which location correctly shows adeflection of the wind that could be due to theCoriolis effect?

A) B)

C) D)

44. Which diagram correctly represents the curving of Earth's ocean currents and prevailing winds due tothe Coriolis effect?

A) the Coriolis effectB) high- and low-pressure beltsC) Earth's revolutionD) the tilt of Earth's axis

45. The curving of the planetary winds to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere is evidence of

A) right, due to the Coriolis effectB) right, due to the Doppler effectC) left, due to the Coriolis effectD) left, due to the Doppler effect

46. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary winds deflectto the

A) seasonal changes B) plate tectonicsC) the Doppler effect D) the Coriolis effect

47. Planetary winds and ocean currents are deflected tothe right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the leftin the Southern Hemisphere due to

A) tilted axis B) orbital shapeC) revolution D) rotation

48. The Coriolis effect is a result of Earth's

A) rotates on its axisB) revolves around the SunC) undergoes cyclic tidal changesD) has a slightly eccentric orbit

49. The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth

A) Earth's tilt on its axisB) the spin of Earth on its axisC) the orbital motion of the Moon around EarthD) the orbital motion of Earth around the Sun

50. What causes the Coriolis effect?

A) to the right of the direction of travelB) to the left of the direction of travelC) upward away from Earth's surfaceD) downward toward Earth's surface

51. The Coriolis effect causes winds in New York Stateto generally curve

A) unequal heating of land and water surfacesB) movement of low-pressure weather systemsC) orbiting of Earth around the SunD) spinning of Earth on its axis

52. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary windsblowing from north to south are deflected, or curved,toward the west. This deflection is caused by the

A) B)

C) D)

53. Which diagram correctly shows how surface windsare deflected (curved) in the Northern and SouthernHemispheres due to Earth's rotation?

A) the Moon spins on its axisB) the Moon travels in an orbit around EarthC) Earth spins on its axisD) Earth travels in an orbit around the Sun

54. Surface ocean currents curve to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere because

A) orbit around the SunB) spin on its axisC) magnetic fieldD) force of gravity

55. The planetary winds in Earth’s Northern Hemispheregenerally curve to the right due to Earth’s

A) rotates B) has a tilted axisC) has seasons D) revolves

56. The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth

A) right in both the Northern and SouthernHemispheres

B) right in the Northern Hemisphere and left inthe Southern Hemisphere

C) left in the Northern Hemisphere and right in theSouthern Hemisphere

D) left in both the Northern and SouthernHemispheres

57. The diagram below shows some examples of howsurface winds are deflected in the Northern andSouthern Hemispheres because of Earth's rotation.

Earth's rotation causes winds to be deflected to the

A) the tilt of the globe's axisB) the Coriolis effectC) the globe's revolutionD) dynamic equilibrium

58. The diagram below represents an activity in whichan eye dropper was used to place a drop of water ona spinning globe. Instead of flowing due southtoward the target point, the drop followed a curvedpath and missed the target.

The actual path results from

59. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below. The diagram represents the Earthat a position in orbit around the Sun, the Sun's rays at solar noon, and the direction to Polaris. Letters A through D represent positions on the Earth's surface.

A) B) C) D)

A projectile is launched from a point near the North Pole toward the Equator. Which diagram bestrepresents the apparent path of the projectile, as viewed from the Earth?

A) tilt B) Moon phasesC) wind belts D) tectonic plates

60. The diagram below represents an activity in whichan eye dropper was used to place a drop of water ona spinning globe. Instead of flowing due southtoward the target point, the drop appeared to followa curved path and missed the target.

This curved-path phenomenon most directly affectsthe Earth's

A) rotation of the EarthB) revolution of the EarthC) unequal heating of the EarthD) variations in salinity of the Earth's oceans

61. Ocean currents exhibit the Coriolis effect as a resultof the

A) The Earth is rotating on its axis.B) The axis of the Earth is tilted.C) The Earth is revolving around the Sun.D) The Earth is moving away from the Sun.

62. In the diagram below, the arrows represent the pathsof moving fluids on the surface of the Earth.

Which statement best explains why the fluid isdeflected?

A) 1° per day B) 15° per dayC) 180° per day D) 360° per day

63. Earth's approximate rate of revolution is

A) 9 a.m. B) 12 noonC) 3 p.m. D) 12 midnight

64. When it is solar noon at a location at 75° Wlongitude, what is the solar time at a location at 120°W longitude?

A) Earth's rotation rate is 15°/hour and itsrevolution rate is 1°/day.

B) Earth's rotation rate is 1°/hour and itsrevolution rate is 15°/day.

C) Earth's rotation rate is 24°/hour and itsrevolution rate is 360°/day.

D) Earth's rotation rate is 360°/hour and itsrevolution rate is 24°/day.

65. Which statement best describes Earth's approximaterates of rotation and revolution?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

66. The map below shows a portion of the Middle East. Points A, B, C, D, and X are locations on Earth'ssurface.

When it is 10:00 a.m. solar time at location X, at which location is 11:00 a.m. solar time beingobserved?

A) shorter than 24 hoursB) longers than 24 hoursC) 24 hours, with a shorter nighttime periodD) 24 hours, with a longer nighttime period

67. If Earth's rate of rotation increases, the length of oneEarth day will be

A) March 1 to May 1B) June 1 to August 1C) September 1 to November 1D) December 1 to February 1

68. To an observer in New York State, the duration ofdaylight increases continuously from

A) remains parallel to itself at all Earthpositions

B) remains aligned with the Sun's axisC) is perpendicular to the Moon's axisD) is pointing toward the center of the Milky Way

69. As Earth travels in its orbit, Earth's axis

A) revolution of Earth around the SunB) rotation of Earth on its axisC) revolution of Pisces around the SunD) rotation of Pisces on its axis

70. The constellation Pisces changes position during anight, as shown in the diagram below.

Which motion is mainly responsible for this changein position?

71. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows Earth and the Moonin relation to the Sun. Positions A, B, C, and D show the Moon at specific locations in its orbit. Point X is a location on Earth's surface.

A) 6 a.m. B) noon C) 6 p.m. D) midnight

What is the time of day at point X?

A) 10 a.m. B) 2 a.m.C) 6 a.m. D) 8 a.m.

72. The diagram below shows the latitude and longitudelines on Earth. Points A and B are locations onEarth's surface.

If it is 4 a.m. at location A, what time is it at location B?

73. Base your answer to the following question on the map below, which shows locations A and B onEarth's surface at the same distance from the ocean, at the same elevation above sea level, and at thesame latitude.

A) 15° B) 23.5° C) 45° D) 60°

There is a four-hour solar time difference between locations A and B. What is the difference inlongitude between locations A and B?

A) 1° per day B) 15° per dayC) 180° per day D) 360° per day

74. Earth's rate of rotation is approximately

A) 6 a.m. B) 12 noonC) 6 p.m. D) 12 midnight

75. The diagram below represents the direction ofEarth's rotation as it appears from above the NorthPole. Point X is a location on Earth's surface.

The time at point X is closest to

Base your answers to questions 76 and 77 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earthscience. The diagram shows a pin perpendicular to a card. The card was placed outdoors in thesunlight on a horizontal surface. The positions of the pin's shadow on the card were recorded severaltimes on March 21 by an observer in New York State.

A) the Sun's rotation B) the Sun's revolutionC) Earth's rotation D) Earth's revolution

76. The changing location of the pin's shadow on March 21 is caused by

A)

B)

C)

D)

77. Which diagram best represents the length of the pin's shadow at 2 p.m. on March 21?

A) 9 a.m. B) 12 noonC) 9 p.m. D) 12 midnight

78. The diagram below represents the direction ofEarth's rotation as it appears from above the NorthPole. Point X is a location on Earths surface.

The time at point X is closest to

A) Riverhead B) SyracuseC) Buffalo D) Massena

79. On March 21, at which location in New York Statewould sunrise occur first?

A) The Sun would rise in the southwest each day.B) The length of a day would be longer.C) The time needed to complete a cycle of Moon

phases would be greater.D) The seasonal changes would not occur.

80. Which observable change would occur in New YorkState if Earth’s rate of rotation were one-half itspresent rate?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

81. Letters A, B, C, D, and X on the map below represent locations on Earth. The map shows thelatitude-longitude grid.

Solar time is based on the position of the Sun. If the solar time is 1 p.m. at location X, at whichlocation is the solar time 5 p.m.?

82. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows sunlight entering aroom through the same window at three different times on the same winter day.

A) the Sun rotating at a rate of 15° per hourB) Earth rotating at a rate of 15° per hourC) the Sun's axis tilted at an angle of 23 °D) Earth's axis tilted at an angle of 23 °

The apparent change in the Sun's position shown in the diagram is best explained by

A) Earth’s rotationB) Earth’s revolutionC) the Sun’s rotationD) the Sun’s revolution

83. The apparent rising and setting of the Sun, as viewedfrom Earth, is caused by

A) Earth rotation B) Earth revolutionC) Sun rotation D) Sun revolution

84. The length of an Earth day is determined by the timerequired for approximately one

A) 1 hour B) 5 hoursC) 12 hours D) 24 hours

85. The diagram below shows the latitude-longitude gridon an Earth model. Points A and B are locations onthe surface.

On Earth, the solar time difference between point A and point B would be

A) rotation of 15º/hrB) revolution of 15º/hrC) rotation of approximately 1º/dayD) revolution of approximately 1º/day

86. The length of an Earth year is based on Earth's

87. Base your answer to the following question on the map below. Letters A through F are locations onEarth’s surface.

A) 6 a.m. B) 8 a.m. C) 12 noon D) 4 p.m.

When solar time at location E is 12 noon, solar time at location A is closest to

A) a greater number of hours in a dayB) a greater number of days in a yearC) a reversal of polar and equatorial climatesD) an equal number of hours of daylight at

most locations

88. If the axis of Earth were not tilted relative to theplane of its orbit around the Sun, the result would be

A) 6 a.m. B) 6 p.m.C) 3 p.m. D) 12 midnight

89. The diagram below shows Earth as viewed fromabove the North Pole (NP). Points A and B arelocations on Earth's surface.

At location A, the time is 12 noon. What is the timeat location B?

A) 1 day B) 1 monthC) 1 year D) 1 decade

90. How long does Earth take to complete one orbitaround the Sun?

91. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below which shows twelve constellationsthat are visible in the night sky to an observer in NewYork, over the course of a year. Different positions ofEarth are represented by letters A through D. Thearrows represent the direction of Earth's motionaround the Sun.

A) Aries and TaurusB) Pisces and LibraC) Leo and VirgoD) Aquarius and Scorpio

Which constellations are both visible at midnight toan observer in New York when Earth is located atposition D?

92. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents latitude andlongitude lines on Earth. Points A through E represent locations on Earth. Arrows represent directionof rotation.

A) 1 p.m. B) 5 p.m. C) 3 p.m. D) 3 a.m.

When the local time at location C is 3 p.m., the local time at location D is

A) asteroids B) SunC) Moon D) planets

93. Units of time are based on Earth's motion relative toother celestial objects. The year is best defined asEarth's motion relative to the

94. Base your answer to the following question on thelatitude and longitude system shown below. The maprepresents a part of the Earth's surface and itslatitude-longitude coordinates. Points A through F represent locations in this area.

A) latitudeB) timeC) duration of solar dayD) altitude of the Sun at solar noon

Points B and E would not have the same value formeasurements of

A) 6 a.m. B) 12 noonC) 6 p.m. D) 12 midnight

95. The diagram below shows the rotating Earth as itwould appear from a satellite over the North Pole.

The time at point X is closest to

A) The year would be shorter.B) The day would be shorter.C) The year would be longer.D) The day would be longer.

96. Which change would occur if the Earth's rate ofrotation were to increase?

A) the Moon revolving around EarthB) the Moon rotating on its axisC) Earth revolving around the SunD) Earth rotating on its axis

97. Which motion occurs at a rate of approximately onedegree per day?

A) 1º B) 15º C) 24º D) 360º

98. Approximately how many degrees does the Earthrotate on its axis in 1 hour?

A) length of the seasonsB) Sun's angle of insolation at noonC) number of observable stars at nightD) length of time for one Earth day

99. If the Earth's rate of rotation decreased, there wouldbe an increase in the

A) the Earth B) the MoonC) the Sun D) distant stars

100. The day and the year, as units of time, are basedupon motions of

A) one hour B) one dayC) one month D) one year

101. The time required for one Earth rotation is about

A) the motions of the EarthB) the longitude of an observerC) the motions of the MoonD) the real motions of the Sun

102. Upon which frame of reference is time based?

A) 1° B) 15° C) 180° D) 360°

103. What is the total number of degrees that the Earthrotates on its axis during a 12-hour period?

A) Earth B) SunC) Moon D) Polaris

104. The diagram below represents a simple geocentricmodel. Which object is represented by the letter X?

A) the Moon B) the SunC) Venus D) Polaris

105. Which object orbits Earth in both theEarth-centered (geocentric) and Sun-centered(heliocentric) models of our solar system?

A) a heliocentric model, in which celestial objectsorbit Earth

B) a heliocentric model, in which celestial objectsorbit the Sun

C) a geocentric model, in which celestialobjects orbit Earth

D) a geocentric model, in which celestial objectsorbit the Sun

106. The diagram below shows one model of a portionof the universe.

What type of model does the diagram bestdemonstrate?

A)

B)

C)

D)

107. Which diagram represents a geocentric model? [Key: E = Earth, P = Planet, S = Sun]

A) The Earth is located at the center of themodel.

B) All planets revolve around the Sun.C) The Sun is located at the center of the model.D) All planets except the Earth revolve around

the Sun.

108. Which statement best describes the geocentricmodel of our solar system?

A) heliocentric modelB) tetrahedral modelC) concentric modelD) geocentric model

109. In which type of model are the Sun, other stars, andthe Moon in orbit around the Earth?

A) deflection of the windB) curved path of projectilesC) motion of a Foucault pendulumD) the sun's path through the sky

110. Which apparent motion can be explained by ageocentric model?

A) The Earth would revolve around the Sun.B) The Earth would rotate on its axis.C) The Moon would revolve around the Sun.D) The Sun would revolve around the Earth.

111. In the geocentric model (the Earth at the center ofthe universe), which motion would occur?

A) constellations rotate on an axisB) constellations revolve around EarthC) Earth rotates on its axisD) Earth revolves around the Sun

112. Some of the constellations that are visible to NewYork State observers at midnight in December aredifferent from the constellations that are visible atmidnight in June because

113. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earthscience. The diagram represents the orbital paths of the four Jovian planets and Halley's cometaround the Sun. Halley's comet has a revolution period of 76 years. In 1986, Halley's comet was atperihelion, its closest point to the Sun. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations of Halley's cometin its orbit. Location D represents Halley's comet at aphelion, its farthest point from the Sun. Thecomet's tail is shown at perihelion and at locations B and C.

A) geocentric model with the Sun near the centerB) geocentric model with Earth near the centerC) heliocentric model with the Sun near the centerD) heliocentric model with Earth near the center

This diagram of our solar system represents a

A) Constellations move within our galaxy.B) Constellations have elliptical orbits.C) Earth revolves around the Sun.D) Earth rotates on its axis.

114. Why are some constellations visible to New YorkState observers at midnight during April, but not visible at midnight during October?

A) Stars in constellations revolve around Earth.B) Stars in constellations revolve around the Sun.C) Earth revolves around the Sun.D) Earth rotates on its axis.

115. Which motion causes some constellations to bevisible in New York State only during winter nightsand other constellations to be visible only duringsummer nights?

A) the Sun in slightly elliptical orbitsB) the Sun in circular orbitsC) Earth in slightly elliptical orbitsD) Earth in circular orbits

116. The modern heliocentric model of planetary motionstates that the planets travel around

117. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents an exaggeratedview of Earth revolving around the Sun. Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's location in its orbiton the first day of each of the four seasons.

A) Stars seen from Earth appear to circle Polaris.B) Earth's planetary winds are deflected by the Coriolis effect.C) The change from high ocean tide to low ocean tide is a repeating pattern.D) Different star constellations are seen from Earth at different times of the year.

Which observation provides the best evidence that Earth revolves around the Sun?

118. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of the solar system below.

A) heliocentric model B) geocentric modelC) sidereal model D) lunar model

Which kind of model of the solar system is represented by the diagram?

A) B)

C) D)

119. Which diagram best represents a portion of theheliocentric model of the solar system? [S = Sun, E = Earth, and M = Moon] A) The Sun follows an apparent daily path, rising

in the east and setting in the west.B) A Foucault pendulum appears to shift its

direction of swing in a predictable manner.C) The stars appear to follow circular paths

around the North Star (Polaris).D) The seasons of spring, summer, fall, and

winter repeat in a pattern.

120. Which statement provides the best evidence thatEarth revolves around the Sun?

A) geocentric, with elliptical orbitsB) geocentric, with circular orbitsC) heliocentric, with elliptical orbitsD) heliocentric, with circular orbits

121. The diagram below represents our solar system.

This system is best classified as

A) The geocentric model no longer predicted thepositions of the constellations.

B) The geocentric model did not predict thephases of the Moon.

C) The heliocentric model provided a simplerexplanation of the motions of the planets.

D) The heliocentric model proved that the Earthrotates.

122. For what reason did the heliocentric model of theuniverse replace the geocentric model of theuniverse?

A) B)

C) D)

123. Which diagram best represents the motions ofcelestial objects in a heliocentric model?

Answer KeyEARTH'S MOTIONS MEGA PACKET 2017

1. A2. A3. B4. C5. C6. A7. D8. C9. C10. B11. A12. D13. B14. B15. C16. C17. B18. A19. D20. A21. C22. D23. B24. A25. C26. B27. A28. D29. C30. B31. B32. A33. C34. C35. C36. A

37. B38. B39. B40. C41. B42. A43. A44. D45. A46. A47. D48. D49. A50. B51. A52. D53. C54. C55. B56. A57. B58. B59. D60. C61. A62. A63. A64. A65. A66. D67. A68. A69. A70. B71. D72. D

73. D74. D75. C76. C77. A78. D79. A80. B81. B82. B83. A84. A85. B86. D87. B88. D89. A90. C91. C92. B93. B94. B95. C96. B97. C98. B99. D100. A101. B102. A103. C104. A105. A106. C107. C108. A

109. D110. D111. D112. D113. C114. C115. C116. A117. D118. A119. C120. D121. C122. C123. D