1.aiims dental 2001 may
TRANSCRIPT
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)4. Life time of RBCs is
A. 3 daysB. 2 daysC. 120 daysD. 6 weeksAnswer:C. 120 days
Reference:Guyton, 11/E, p. 426
5. The primary effect of Calcitonin isA. Bone depositionB. Bone resorptionC. Increase intestinal absorption of calciumD. Decrease intestinal absorption of calciumAnswer:A. Bone deposition
Reference:Guyton, 11/E, p. 988
Explanation:
Primary effect of calcitonin is inhibition of bone
resorption thus shifting the balance towards bone
deposition.
6. Infusion of hypertonic sodium chloride solutionresults in
A. Increase in intracellular volumeB. Increase in extracellular volumeC. Decrease in extracellular volumeD. Increase in extracellular volume and decrease
in intracellular volume
Answer: D. Increase in extracellular volume and
decrease in intracellular volume
Reference: Indu Khuranas Text Book of Medical
Physiology, 1/E, p. 9
Explanation:
Intravenous infusion of hypertonic salinesolution leads to an increase in the plasma
osmolality. The rise in plasma osmolality
causes water to shift from the interstitium into
the plasma, thereby increasing the plasma
volume. The increase in osmolality of the ECF
causes water to flow out of the ICF, which
eventually decreases the volume of the ICF and
increases the ECF.
BIOCHEMISTRY
7. Golgi bodies function as
A. Protein lipid synthesisB. Protein synthesisC. Sorting of glycoproteinsD. NoneAnswer:C. Sorting of glycoproteins
Reference:Satyanarayana, 3/E, pp. 1-5
Explanation:
Biochemical functions of sub cellular organelles of
eukaryotic cells
Sub cellular
organellesFunctions
Plasma membraneTransport of molecules in and
out of the cell.
Lysosome
Intracellular digestion of
cellular substances like
proteins, carbohydrates,
lipids and nucleic acids.
Golgi apparatusModification and Sorting of
proteins
Rough endoplasmic
reticulumSynthesis of proteins
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Synthesis of lipids
Nucleus Contains DNA, geneticmaterial
MitochondriaPower house of the cell,
synthesis of ATP
Peroxisomes
Contains peroxidase and
catalase, involved in
oxidation of very long chain
fatty acids
Cytosol
Contains several enzymes for
glycolysis, HMP shunt
pathway, gluconeogenesis,
urea cycle, etc
8. Krebs cycle occurs inA. Aerobic conditionsB. Anaerobic conditionsC. Microaerophilic conditionsD. Both Aerobic & anaerobic
Answer:A. Aerobic
Reference:Satyanarayana, 3/E, p. 263
Explanation:
Krebs cycle operates only under aerobic conditions.
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) The NAD+ and FAD required for the operation
of TCA cycle can be regenerated in the electron
transport chain only in the presence of oxygen.
Therefore Krebs cycle is strictly aerobic incontrast to glycolysis which operates in both
aerobic and anaerobic conditions
GENERAL PATHOLOGY
9. Capillaries are more permeable due to lack ofA. Tunica mediaB. Tunica intimaC. Tunica adventitiaD. Lamina propria
Answer:A. Tunica media
Reference:Histology for Pathologists, p. 769
Explanation:
Capillaries have neither a muscular media nor elastic
lamellae. A single but complete layer of endothelial cells
lies on a basement membrane whose thickness varies
from site to site. Basement membrane thickness
increases with age, almost doubling in muscle
capillaries from 10 to 70 years.
MICROBIOLOGY
10. Serum sickness syndrome isA. A transplant immunityB. An anaphylactic shockC. Arthus reactionD. None
Answer: D. None
Reference: Ananthanarayan, 5/E, p. 152
Explanation:
Serum Sickness is placed under Type - IIIHypersensitivity and is because of Deposition
of Immune complexes.
Placed under the same type is Arthus reaction,but serum Sickness is Systemic Form but
Arthus reaction is Localized form.
Transplant Immunity is A Type - IVhypersensitivity.
So, the answer is NONE
PHARMACOLOGY
11. Epinephrine is contraindicated with L.A. inA. ThyrotoxicosisB. DiabetesC. Congestive heart failureD. None
Answer: A. Thyrotoxicosis
Reference: Tripathi, 6/E, p. 356
Explanation:
This combination is to be avoided in patientswith ischemic heart disease
Comparative properties of important localanaesthetics
Safe dose max
(inj)
Metabolis
m inDuration of
nerve block(min)Total(mg)
(mg/kg)
Plasma
liver
Cocaine Not injected - + -
Procaine 400 (6) + + 30-60
Lidocain
e300 (4.5) - + 60-120
Tetracai
ne80 (1.2) + + 180-480
Bupivac
aine100 (1.5) - + 180-360
Dibucai
ne
50 - + 180-600
12. Treatment of Actinomycosis isA. PenicillinB. ErythromycinC. CephalosporinD. Clindamycin
Answer: A. Penicillin
Reference: Tripathi, 6/E, p. 699
GENERAL MEDICINE
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)13. Incubation period of hepatitis B is
A. 2 5 weeksB. 10 daysC. 1 6 monthsD. 12 days
Answer: C. 1 6 months
Reference:
Explanation:
Incubation periods
HAV:15-45 days(30) HBV: 30-180 days(60-90) HCV: 15-160 days(50) HDV: 30180 days(60-90) HEV: 14-60 days(40)
GENERAL SURGERY
No Questions asked
DENTAL MATERIALS
14. Polishing of composite is problematic due toA. Soft matrix and hard filler particlesB. Hard filler particlesC. Hardness of matrix & filler particlesD. None
Answer:A. Soft matrix and hard filler particles
Reference:Craig, 12/E, p. 203
15. Hardness of stainless steel orthodontic wire canbe increased by
A. Work hardeningB. Age hardeningC. TemperingD. Quenching
Answer:A. Work hardening
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 88
16. Solution heat treatment of gold is done byA. Heating to 1000C for 1 hr and quenching in
H2OB. Heating to 7000C for 1 hr and quenching in
H2O
C. Heating to 7000 C for 10 min and quenching inH2O
D. NoneAnswer:C. Heating to 700C for 10 min and quenching
in H2O
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 138
17. Lanolin is added in ZOE paste toA. Decrease flowB. Increase flowC. Accelerate reactionD. Decrease irritation due to Eugenol
Answer:B. Increase flow
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 252
18. Stellite alloy isA. Chrome cobalt alloyB. Aluminum bromide alloyC. Type II gold alloyD. All
Answer:A. Chrome-cobalt alloy
Reference:ASM Specialty Handbook: Nickel, Cobalt,
and Their Alloys, 1/E, p. 364
19. Thermal conductivity of --- is equal to that oftooth
A. Silicate cementB. Composite resinC. AmalgamD. Cavity varnish
Answer:A. Silicate cements
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 446
20. Cleaning of base metal alloy is done byA. Warm HCLB. Cold HFC. Cold H2SO4D. Sand blasting with aluminum oxide
Answer:D. Sand blasting with aluminum oxide
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 370
21. Chroma isA. Intensity of colorB. Translucency of enamelC. Translucency of enamel & dentinD. None of the above
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)
Answer:A. Intensity of color
Reference:Phillips, 11/E, p. 41
DADH
22. The fibers which continue bone to ligament areA. Sharpeys fibersB. Tomes fibersC. Ray fibersD. All of the above
Answer:A. Sharpeys fibres
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 172
Explanation:
Sharpeys Fibres Collagen fibres are embedded into cementum
on one side of the periodontal space and into
alveolar bone on the other. These embedded
fibres are termed as Sharpeys fibres
Sharpeys fibres in the primary acellularcementum is completely mineralized but those
in the cellular cementum and bone are partially
mineralized
Few Sharpeys fibres pass uninterruptedthrough the bone of the alveolar process and
continue as principal fibres of the adjacent
periodontal ligament. They are termed as
Transalveolar fibres
These fibres pass through bone only whenalveolar process consists of compact bone
entirely without Haversian systems
The embedded Sharpeys fibres calcify to acertain degree and they are associated with non
collagenous proteins like osteopontin and bone
sialoprotein
They are derived from dental follicle.
23. Tooth eruption is due toA. Osteoclastic activityB. Proliferation of cells at cryptC. Exfoliation of primary toothD. Eruptive forces
Answer:D. Eruptive forces
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 288
Explanation:
Tooth eruption is the axial or occlusal movement of the
tooth from its developmental position within the jaw to
its functional position in the occlusal position. Eruptive
force is responsible for the eruption of tooth. Eruptive
force is derived from bone remodeling, root growth,
vascular pressure, ligament traction. There is a good
deal of evidence that the eruptive force resides in the
dental follicle periodontal ligament complex.
24. Disturbances during calcification of dentincauses
A. CementiclesB. Dentin dysplasiaC. Interglobular dentinD. None
Answer:C. Interglobular dentin
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 93
Explanation:
Interglobular Dentin
Interglobular dentin is the area ofunmineralized or hypomineralised dentin
which persists within the normally mineralized
dentin
Sometimes mineralization of dentin begins insmall globular areas that fail to fuse resulting
in the formation of irregular areas of
hypocalcified matrix called Interglobular
dentin
It is found along the incremental linesespecially in the crown of teeth in the
Circumpulpal dentin
Dentinal tubules pass without deviationthrough interglobular areas
Peritubular dentin are absent from dentinaltubules passing through interglobular dentin
as interglobular dentin remains uncalcified
In dry ground sections a small amount ofinterglobular dentin may be lost and a space
results which appears black in transmitted
light. Hence it as also called interglobular space
or globular dentin. This layer shows a high
amount of sulphur
It is frequently seen in vitamin D deficiency orexposure to high level of fluoride during
Dentinogenesis.
Cementicles
Cementicles are round lamellated cementalbodies that lie free in the periodontal ligamentspace
Found along the root and more common inaged persons
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)Dentin Dysplasia
Rootless teethTypes
1. Radicular Both dentitions are affected Normal eruption pattern Complete obliteration of pulp chambers
deciduous teeth
Crescent shaped pulpal remnants permanent teeth
Show lava flowing around the boulders2. Coronal
Clinical appearance is normal forpermanent teeth
Blue gray opalescent appearance fordeciduous teeth
Obliteration of pulp chambers deciduousteeth
Large pulp chambers permanent teeth thistle tube in shape
25. Ankylosis is due to deposition ofA. BoneB. CementumC. Bone & CementumD. Dentin
Answer:A. Bone
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 158
Explanation:
Fusion of cementum and alveolar bone withobliteration of periodontal ligament is termed
asAnkylosis
It may develop after chronic periapicalinflammation, tooth replantation, occlusal
trauma, and around embedded teeth
Ankylosis results in resorption of root and itsgradual replacement by bone tissue
As the periodontal ligament is replaced bybone, proprioception is lost
It may be seen in case of gingival recession andloss of attachment
The cementum become permeable to organicsubstances, inorganic ions and bacteria
Cemental caries can develop26. The layer present on tooth immediately after
eruption of teeth
A. Primary cuticleB. Secondary Cuticle
C. OperculumD. Enamel cuticle
Answer:D. Enamel cuticle
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 54
Explanation:
Enamel Cuticle/Nasmyths Membrane/Primary Cuticle
A non mineralized electron dense structure lessmembrane seen on the crown of the tooth,
adhering firmly to its surface
It is formed by an accumulation of basal laminamaterial produced by the junctional epithelium
of the dentogingival junction
It is mostly seen in newly erupted teeth and islost due to mastication
It is about 0.5 1.5 mm thick Enamel cuticle is made of 2 cuticles
Primary cuticle Secondary cuticle
Primary Enamel Cuticle is the last product of theenamel forming ameloblasts and it becomes
mineralized
Secondary Enamel Cuticle: It covers the primarycuticle and is a product of the reduced enamel
epithelium and is not mineralized. It is also
known as Dental cuticle and it is structurally
described as basal lamina
27. PDL around mandibular canine is thinned in oldpatients due to
A. Deposition of cementumB. Deposition of cementum & boneC. Deposition of bone onlyD. Deposition of dentin
Answer:A. Deposition of cementum
Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 148
Explanation:
Cementum is known to form throughout lifeand thus it leads to the decrease in the width of
the periodontal ligament space around the
teeth.
28. Odontoblasts are derived fromA. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cellsB. HistocytesC. MacrophagesD. Lymphocytes
Answer:A. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)Reference:Orbans Oral Histology, 12/E, p. 35
Explanation:
Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells are theprimary cells in pulp which differentiate to
become odontoblasts, fibroblasts or
macrophages when need arises. Odontoblasts
are present next to predentin layer, derived
from ectomesenchymal cells and are known to
produce dentin matrix.
ORAL PATHOLOGY & ORAL MEDICINE
29. Fusion or gemination occurs during disturbancein
A. MorphodifferentiationB. Initiation proliferationC. Organo differentiationD. None
Answer:A. Morphodifferentiation
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 39
Explanation:
Germination is an attempt at division of singletooth germ by an invagination. Complete or
incomplete separation of crowns can be seen. Fusion is the union of two separate tooth
germs. It can be complete or incomplete,
depending on the stage of development.
30. Eagles syndrome isA. Elongation of sphenoid processB. Elongation of styloid processC. Elongation of sphenoid and styloid processD. None of the above
Answer:B. Elongation of styloid process
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 853
Explanation:
Eagles syndrome consists of either the elongation of
styloid process or ossification of stylohyoid ligament
causing dysphagia, sore throat, otalgia, glossodynia,
headache, vague facial pain and pain along the
distribution of internal and external carotid arteries.
31. A boy complains of bleeding gums, swollen,joints with hemorrhage into joints. His paternal
and maternal uncle complains of same problem.
It is due to deficiency of factor
A. VIIIB. IXC. XD. VI
Answer:A. VIII
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 785
Explanation:
Factor VIII is an Anti Hemophiliac Factor, thedeficiency of which causes Hemophilia A,
characterized by prolonged coagulation time
and hemorrhagic tendencies. The disease is
hereditary, X linked recessive trait. Thus it
occurs only in males and females are thecarriers.
32. Internal resorption is due toA. Pulp necrosisB. Acute inflammation of pulpC. Chronic inflammation of pulpD. None
Answer:C. Chronic inflammation of pulp
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 65
Explanation:
Internal resorption is a relatively rareoccurrence; most cases develop after injury to
pulp tissues, such as physical trauma or caries
related pulpitis. The resorption can continue as
long as vital pulp tissue remains and result in
communication of the pulp with the pdl.
33.
Necrotizing sialometaplasia is commonly seen inA. Submandibular salivary glandB. Sublingual salivary glandC. Parotid salivary glandD. Minor salivary gland
Answer:D. Minor salivary gland
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 245
Explanation:
Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a non neoplastic
inflammatory condition, most commonly reported in the
minor salivary glands of palate. Lesion is usually
painless, manifests as swelling with or without
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)ulceration. Coagulative necrosis of acini and squamous
metaplasia with inflammatory infiltrate are its histologic
features. It usually resolves spontaneously and no
treatment is required.
34. Moellers glossitis or Hunters glossitis is seen inA. Iron deficiency anemiaB. Vitamin B12 deficiencyC. Thiamine deficiencyD. Syphilis
Answer:B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 756
Explanation:
Glossitis is one of the most common symptoms of
pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) and is called
as Hunters glossitis. Tongue is characterized by
smooth, red, atrophied or bald with the loss of papillae.
Loss or distortion of taste can also be seen.
35. Taurodontism showsA. Opalescent dentinB. Calcification of pulp canalsC. Enlarged pulp canalsD. Involvement of enamel & dentin
Answer:C. Enlarged pulp chamber
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 43
Explanation:
Taurodontism (Bull like teeth): It is due to thefailure of invagination of HERS at proper
horizontal level. Three types - Hypo, Meso and
Hyper taurodont (by Shaw). Molars are
commonly involved. It can be either Unilateral
or bilateral, rectangle in shape, large pulp
chambers and furcation is placed near the
apices of the roots.
36. Median rhomboid glossitis isA. HereditaryB. Associated with fungal infectionC. Atrophy of papillaD. Vitamin deficiency
Answer:B. Associated with fungal infection
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 29
Explanation:
Median Rhomboid Glossitis: Occurs due to failureof tuberculum impar to retract or withdraw
before fusion of the lateral half of the tongue.
Recently it is been proved to be strongly
associated with Candidal infection and thus
Posterior midline atrophic candidiasis is a
more appropriate diagnostic term.
37. Diabetes insipidus, exophthalmos and infectionsare common in
A. Letterer Siwe diseaseB. Hand Schuller Christian diseaseC. Niemen pick diseaseD. None
Answer:B. Hand-Schuller Christian disease
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 744
Explanation:
Hand Schuller Christian disease is characterized by
widespread skeletal and extra skeletal lesions and a
chronic clinical course. Classic triad of areas of punched out
bony destruction in skull, unilateral or bilateral exophthalmos
and diabetes insipidus. Halitosis, gingivitis, periodontitis,
loss of alveolus and thus teeth is seen.
38. Primordial cyst developsA. In place of missing teethB. In teeth in which crown development is
completed
C. In periapical regionD. In mandibular body
Answer:A. In place of missing teeth
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 683
Explanation:
Primordial cyst is considered to originate fromcystic degeneration of the enamel organ
epithelium before the development of dental
hard tissue. Therefore it occurs in place of a
tooth. Later the name of this is changed in 1992
WHO classification and renamed as
odontogenic keratocyst. Thus the existence of
primordial cyst is controversial.
39. Which of the following is associated with vitalteeth
A. Periapical granulomaB. Condensing Osteitis
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May)C. Periapical scarD. Periapical cyst
Answer:B. Condensing Osteitis
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 494
Explanation:
Condensing Osteitis is an unusual reaction ofbone to infection, seen in people with high
tissue resistance and tissue reactivity. The most
common cause of this is caries however it
sometimes is idiopathic. It is most commonly
observed in younger adults and children.
40. Codmans triangle is seen inA. OsteoradionecrosisB. Fibrous dysplasiaC. OsteosarcomaD. Sq cell carcinoma of lip
Answer:C. Osteosarcoma
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 172
Explanation:
In the long bones affected with Osteosarcoma,the periosteum is elevated over the expanding
tumor mass in a tent like fashion. At the point
on the bone where the periosteum begins to
merge, an acute angle between the bone
surface and the periosteum is created. This is
called Codmans triangle and is highly
suspicious for Osteosarcoma.
41. Most common lesion associated with Gingivadue to irritation is
A. Irritation FibromaB. Pyogenic granulomaC.
Giant cell granuloma
D. None
Answer:A. Irritation Fibroma
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 126
Explanation:
Irritational Fibroma is the most commonconnective tissue lesion in the oral cavity. Most
commonly seen in buccal mucosa along the
plane of occlusion followed by gingiva, tongue
etc.
42. Median palatal cyst is
A. Radicular cystB. Residual cystC. Fissural cystD. None of the above
Answer:C. Fissured cyst
Reference:Shafers Oral Pathology, 6/E, p. 63
Explanation:
Fissural cysts are those which are found alongthe lines of fusion of various bones of
embryonic processes. Median palatine cyst
arises from epithelium entrapped along the
line of fusion of the palatal processes of the
maxilla. Radicular and residual cysts are
inflammatory cysts.
ORAL RADIOLOGY
43. Most effective method of decreasing radiation isA. E speed filmB. Decreasing exposure timeC. Decreasing kvpD. Decreasing mAAnswer:A. E speed film
Reference: W & P, 6/E, p. 61Explanation:
Film speed determines the amount of radiationand exposure time required to produce an
image on the film. An E film requires less
radiation because the film responds quickly.
This is due to the fact that the silver halide
crystals in the emulsion are larger
44. Image sharpness is increased byA. Decreasing focal spot sizeB. Increasing focal spot sizeC. Increasing source film distanceD. Increasing object-film distance
Answer: A. Decreasing focal spot size
Reference: W & P, 6/E, p. 46
Explanation:
Three methods exist for increasing imagesharpness: Decreasing focal spot size Increase the distance between the focal
spot and the object
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Increase the distance between the focal
spot and the object
ORTHODONTICS
45. Growth of oral structures is mainly influencedby. Factors
A. HereditaryB. EnvironmentalC. Hereditary influenced by environmentD. None
Answer:C. Hereditary influenced by environment
Reference: Thomas Rakosis Orthodontic
Diagnosis (Color Atlas), p. 57
Explanation: The etiology of malocclusion is mostly based
on a Multifactorial system with both hereditary
and environmental influence.
Hereditary abnormalities can be noticed in Neuromuscular Characteristics
o Sizeo Position facial, oral, tongue,
musculature.
o Contractility Dental Characteristics
o Size of teetho Shape of teetho Number of teeth
Dental Malocclusiono Tooth positiono Arch width, arch length
Skeletal Malocclusiono Class II Div 2 (100% concordance in
monozygotic twins)
o Class III malocclusion: Hapsburg Jaw Autosomal dominant
46. Which tooth is most malposed due to insufficientarch length?
A. Mandibular 1st premolarB. Mandibular 2nd premolarC. Maxillary 1st molarD. Mandibular 1st molar
Answer:B. Mandibular 2nd premolar
Reference:Antonio Pattis Clinical Success in Early
Orthodontic Treatment
Explanation:
The most common malposed teeth due to archlength insufficiency are mandibular lateral
incisors followed by maxillary canine followed
by mandibular II premolar.
Most commonly impacted teeth in the orderare third molar (mandibular then maxillary),
maxillary canine, mandibular premolars,
mandibular canine, maxillary premolars,
maxillary central incisor, maxillary lateral
incisor, mandibular second molar. First molars
and maxillary second molar are very rarely
involved.
Most commonly congenitally missingtooth/hypodontia are third molars, second
premolars, lateral incisors.
Insufficient arch length is the most importantcause for malposition or ectopic eruption of
teeth. Other causes according to Graber are
Premature loss of deciduous teeth Prolonged retention deciduous teeth Delayed eruption of permanent teeth Abnormal eruptive path Dental caries Improper dental restorations
47. Apertognathia isA. Big jawB. Small jawC. Open biteD. Deep bite
Answer:C. Open bite
Reference: Kharbhandas Orthodontics Diagnosis and
Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial
Deformities, 1/E, p. 29
Explanation:
Apertognathia -Apertus, open, Gnathos, jaw Open bite malocclusion.
George Carabelli (1842), a Viennese professor,was probably the first to describe in any
systematic way abnormal relationships of the
upper and lower dental arches. The terms
edge-to-edge bite and overbite are actually
derived from Carabelli's system of
classification.
He bases his classification on various positionsof incisors and canines as:
Mordex Apertus (open occlusion) Mordex Normalis (Normal occlusion) Mordex Rectus (edge to edge) Mordex Prosus (protruding occlusion) Mordex Retrosus (retruding occlusion)
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Mordex Tortuosus (zig-zag occlusion)
48. Speech problems in cleft palate patients are due toA. Lisping of tongueB. Inability of soft palate to stop air to go into
nasopharynx
C. Inability of learning processD. All of the above
Answer:B. Inability of soft palate to stop air to go into
nasopharynx
Reference: Samuel Berkowitzs Cleft Lip and Palate:
Diagnosis & Management
Explanation:
The cleft of the palate, due to deficient softpalate, can result in hypernasality of speech
due to air escape through the incompetentvalve; this condition is called velopharyngeal
insufficiency
The correction of these defects involve either Surgery
o Velar lengtheningo Intraalveolar muscular reconstruction;o Pharyngoplastieso Pharyngeal wall augmentation
Prosthesiso Speech aid appliances
Lisping of tongue is seen in patients withanterior open bite due to improper lip seal and
inability to pronounce sibilants like S, Z
49. Acromegaly is associated withA. Class I malocclusionB. Class I cross biteC. Class II malocclusionD. Class III malocclusion
Answer:D. Class III malocclusion
Reference:Endocrine regulation of craniofacial growth
Acta Odontol Scand 1995; 15:179-185
Explanation:
Acromegaly is due to hypersecretion ofGrowth hormone in adults after the fusion of
epiphysis with shaft of the bones. Excessive
stimulation of condylar cartilage by
GH/Somatotropin causes mandibular
prognathism, thus results in skeletal class III
malocclusion.
Acromegaly
Its characterized by enlargement,thickening and broadening of bones,
particularly in the extremities.
Enlargement of hands and feet withbowing of spine called kyphosis
General overgrowth of body hair. Thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands
show hyperactivity.
Hyperglycemia and hypertension Facial and Oral features
Increased growth of mandible and condyle- Class III malocclusion due to mandibular
prognathism.
Protrusion of supra orbital ridges Broadening of nose Apertognathia Protrusion of lower jaw
Guerrilla face or Acromegalic face Alveolar ridges are thick Teeth in the mandible are usually tipped
buccally due to enlarged tongue
Spacing and diastema
50. In expansion screws, a rotation of 90 causes abilateral expansion of
A. 0.20 mmB. 0.10 mmC. 0.36 mmD. 0.09 mm
Answer:A. 0.20 mm
Reference: Timms Text Book of Rapid Maxillary
Expansion, p. 51
Explanation:
Unilateral expansion will be 0.10 mm
Pitch of Screw
When the expansion screw given one completeturn, the two halves of the orthodontic
appliance advance a distance equal to the space
between the neighboring lines often called as
thread's height. This distance moved is called
pitch of the screw.
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Prominent chin Deep labiomental sulcus Hyperactive lower lip A high lower lip line, thin upper lip Small gonial angle and horizontal type of face
Dental features
Class II molar and canine relationship, Deep traumatic bite, Retroclined upper four incisors or retroclined
centrals with labial inclination of the laterals
Supra erupted, upright lower incisors Upper incisors may have decreased collum
angle between the crown and the root
Incisors have a shorter root, a longer crown,and axial bending of the incisor, in addition to
a reduced labio palatal thickness.
54. Torsi version isA. Rotation of tooth around its own axisB. Fusion of cementumC. Rotation in horizontal directionD. None
Answer:A. Rotation of tooth around its own axis
Reference:MoyersHand Book of Orthodontics, 4/E, p.
189
Explanation:
Lischer's nomenclature to describe malpositionof individual teeth is in general use. It simply
involves adding the suffix "-version" to a word
to indicate the direction from' the normal
position:
Mesioversion mesial to the normalposition
Distoversiondistal to the normal position Linguoversion lingual to the normal
position
Labioversion or Buccoversion toward thelip or cheek
Infraversion away from the line ofocclusion
Supraversion extended past the line ofocclusion (i.e. below in the maxilla and
above in the mandible)
Axiversion tipped; the wrong axialinclination
Torsiversion rotated on its long axis
Transversion wrong order in the arch;transposition
55. Heavy forces on periodontal ligament causes
A. HyalinizationB. Osteoclastic activity around toothC. Osteoblastic activity around toothD. Crest bone resorption
Answer:A. Hyalinization
Reference: Kharbhandas Orthodontics Diagnosis andManagement of Malocclusion and Dentofacial
Deformities, 1/E, p. 85
Explanation:
Teeth subjected to high forces showhyalinization more often than teeth
experiencing light forces, and the development
of hyalinization zones has a definite
relationship to the force magnitude.
When heavy forces are applied periodontalligament and cells undergo cellular death, and
this zone appears without cells in histological
sections so-called hyalinization. The bone
resorption starts at a distant site extending
towards tooth and so-called rear resorption or
undermining resorption. However, it was found
that the hyalinization zones have no
relationship to the rate of tooth movement.
56. Principle V is seen inA. MaxillaB. Mandibular ramusC. SymphysisD. None
Answer:A & B. Maxilla and Mandibular ramus
Reference: Enlows Text Book on Essentials of Facial
Growth, pp. 24, 91
Explanation:
Many facial and cranial bones, or parts ofbones, have a V-shaped configuration (or a
funnel-shape in three dimensions). Bone
deposition occurs on the inner side of the V;
resorption takes place on the outside surface.
The V thereby moves towards the side ofdeposition and, at the same time, increases in
overall dimensions. The direction of movement
is toward the wide end of the V. Thus, a
simultaneous growth movement and
enlargement proceeds by additions of bone on
the inside with removal from the outside.
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Maxilla
Mandible
PEDODONTICS
57. Piagets classification is based onA. Child behaviorB. Parental behaviorC. Social Status of parentD. None of the above
Answer:A. Child behavior
Reference:Shobha Tandon, /E, p. 234
Explanation:
Piaget gave the Cognitive Development theoryof Child Psychology which speaks about the
cognitive development in a child and its effects
on the child behaviour
Psychodynamic Theories1. Psychosexual theory Freud (1905)2. Psychosocial theory Eric Erikson (1963)3. Cognitive theory Piaget (1952)
Behavioral Theories1. Classical conditioning Pavlov (1927)2. Operant conditioning Skinner (1938)3. Hierarchy of needs Maslow (1963)4. Social learning theory Bandura (1954)
58. For an avulsed tooth, best medium for transportfor long time is
A. Patients salviaB. MilkC. WaterD. NaCl solution
Answer:B. Milk
Reference:Journal of Investigative and Clinical
Dentistry (2011), 2, 16
Explanation:
Saliva lower osmolality not suitable
Water Hypotonic causes cell lysis
NaCl Lacks the essential nutrients
59. In serial extraction procedure if maxillary 1 stpremolar is extracted then maxillary canine
erupts in direction ..
A. DownwardB. Downward backwardC. Downward forwardD. Forward
Answer:B. Downward backward
Reference:Shobha Tandon, /E, p. 475
Explanation:
The permanent canine is placed labially in thevestibule. The space created by extracting a
premolar is being occupied by canine for which
it takes a downward and backward direction.
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60. Determination of periodontal disease inepidemiological survey is done by using
A. Gingival Index (G.I.)B. Plaque Index (PL.I.)C. Periodontal Index (P.I.)D. None
Answer:C. Periodontal Index (P.I.)
Reference:Soben Peter, 4/E, p. 328
Explanation:
Russells periodontal index was given by A.LRussell in 1956
It was developed over a trial period of 10 years It is a composite index measures both
reversible and irreversible components.
PROSTHODONTICS
61. In full tooth borne dentures occlusal reststransmits -------- % of occlusal forces to teeth
A. 50%B. 70%C. 80%D. 100%
Answer:D. 100%
Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 97, 223
Explanation:
Prosthesis entirely supported by teeth e.g.Kennedy class III arches derive full support
from the remaining teeth. Since the remaining
ridge does not offer support it may be recorded
in its anatomic form.
62. Most appropriate pontic design isA. It should fill the missing teeth areaB. Greater lingual embrasureC. Should contact mucosa completely and
Should not irritate it
D. None of the aboveAnswer:B. Greater lingual embrasure
Reference:Shillingburg, 3/E, p. 487; Rosenstiel, 3/E, pp.
628, 629
Explanation:
Pontic contact with the ridge should becompact facial to the crest of the ridge slightly
wider mesiodistally at the facial and narrower
at the lingual aspect.
Tissue contact must resemble the letter Twhose vertical arm ends at the crest of the
ridge. The facial ridge adaptation is essential
for natural appearance
63. The use of stress breaker in modern dentistry, isavoided because
A. It affects abutment moreB. It affects alveolar ridgeC. It affects both abutment and alveolar rideD. None
Answer:B. It affects alveolar ridge
Reference:Mc Crackens,/E, pp. 10-11, 140-142
Explanation:
It affects the alveolar ridge because most stressbreakers effectively dissipate the vertical
stresses, but this is at the expense of reduced
horizontal stability (excessive ridge resorption,
tissue impingement).
64. Peripheral seal in complete dentures is done forA. Posterior palatal sealB. Functional moulding of sulcus areaC. StabilityD. Retention
Answer:B. Functional moulding of sulcus area
Explanation:
Border molding is a process by which theshape of the border of the tray is made to
conform accurately to the contours of the
buccal and labial vestibules. This essential
requirement of the trays fit ensures an optimal
peripheral seal.
65. Guiding planes are used forA. Assuring predictable clasp designB. For path of placementC. Path of removalD. Parallelism of abutment teeth
Answer:B. For path of placement
Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 215
Explanation:
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AIIMS (DENTAL) PREVIOUS YEARS SOLVED PAPERS 2001 (May) Guiding planes are parallel surfaces of the
abutment teeth that direct the insertion and
removal of a partial denture. So Probable
answers could be B, C or D. But the Most
Suitable answer is B.
66. When there is a prematurity in centric occlusionbut not in eccentric or other movements then
reduce
A. Cusps of opposing teethB. Opposing fossa & ridgeC. Cusp inclines of that toothD. Tooth structure of that tooth
Answer:C. Cusp inclines of that tooth
Reference:Winklers, 2/E, p. 26; Bouchers, 12/E, p. 410
67. Design of F.P.D. in which forces will be least iswhen
A. At different forces are angled from long axisof abutment
B. Parallel to long axis of abutment toothC. Bucco-lingual width of pontic is less than the
natural tooth
D. Both B and CAnswer:B. Parallel to long axis of abutment tooth
Reference:Rosenstiel, 4/E, p. 92
Explanation:
Forces directed along the long axis of abutmentare most favorable
68. Lateral shift (Bennett movement ) influencesA. Faciolingual position of teethB. Mesiodistal Position of teethC. BothD. None
Answer:D. None
Reference:Okeson
Explanation:
Bennett movement influences the cuspal heightand the groove direction.
69. Heal raising effect of dentures is due to nonfunction ofA. Indirect retainerB. Occlusal restC. Direct retainerD. Major connector
Answer:A. Indirect retainer
Reference:Stewarts, 4/E, p. 112
Explanation:
An indirect retainer is that component whichhelps resist rotational and or displacement of a
RPD, as a result it is located on the side of the
fulcrum line opposite the denture base. The
indirect retainer is essential in class I and II
RPDs. Because of its position it minimizes the
rotation that occurs when the dislodging forces
is placed on the distal extension base.
70. If maxillary upper molar is extended intoedentulous space of mandibular molar, what is
the procedure of bridge preparation
A. Extraction of maxillary molar & bridgepreparation
B. Adjusting the maxillary molar to requiredocclusal plane and the proceeding with bridge
preparation
C. Preparing the bridge according to the presentocclusal conditions
D. NoneAnswer: B. Adjusting the maxillary molar to
required occlusal plane and the proceeding with
bridge preparation
Reference:Shillingburg, 3/E, p. 85
Explanation:
If an opposing tooth intrudes into theedentulous space it is not enough just to
replace the missing tooth, to restore the mouth
to complete function free of interferences it is
often necessary to restore the tooth opposing
the edentulous space. In severe cases this may
necessitate the devitalisation of the supra
erupted opposing tooth to permit enough
shortening to correct the plane of occlusion.
71. Coronoid process will impinge onA. Buccal flange of maxillary dentureB. Buccal posterior part of mandibular dentureC. Lingual extension of mandibular dentureD. Palatal extension of maxillary denture
Answer:A. Buccal flange of maxillary denture
Reference:Bouchers, 12/E, p. 85
Explanation:
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