1992 lisbon 27 june the european councilaei.pitt.edu/1420/1/lisbon_june_1992.pdf · 2011. 2....

THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL

LISBON26-27 JUNE 1992

Documents in the dossier include:

Lisbon European CouncilReproduced from the Bulletin of the European Communities, No. 6/1992

lisbon European Council

lisbon, 26 and 27 June

1.1. The meeting of Heads of State orGovernment held in Lisbon on 26 and27 June was chaired by Mr Cavaco SilvaPresident of the Council and Prime Ministerof Portugal , and attended by Mr Delors andMr Andriessen President and Vice-Presi-dent of the Commission respectively. It waspreceded by an address by Mr KlepschPresident of the:European Parliament, whoproposed a resumption of the interinsti-tutional conferences to enable agreement tobe reached on implementation of theTreaty, with particular reference to the co-decision procedure and the ConciliationCommittee, before the next EuropeanCouncil. Mr Klepsch also informed themeeting that the majority of MEPs were infavour of the Community being enlargedto include the EFT A countries which hadapplied for membership and felt it was vitalto convene an intergovernmental conferenceon institutional reform to proceed in paral-lel with the accession negotiations.

The summit provided the Heads of State orGovernment with the opportunity toreaffirm that, despite the ' ' vote in the

Danish referendum and they made itdear that the door was none the less stillopen to Denmark the Community wouldcontinue to press ahead with the Europeanventure. The Maastricht Treaty must beratified as planned, with no renegotiationand no modification, to ensure entry intoforce on 1 January 1993.

After consulting the President and theenlarged Bureau of the European Parlia-ment, the European Council also agreed toextend Mr Delors ' term as President of theCommission. Mr Klepsch endorsed thisdecision, which will be confirmed at thenext part~session of Parliament.

On the question of enlargement, a broadconsensus was reached on the approach out~lined . by the Commission in its reportsentitled 'Europe and the challenge ofenlargement ' produced at the request of theMaastricht European Council (Supplement

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3/93 Bull. EC). Most importantly it wasagreed that official negotiations with theEFT A countries which had applied formembership could begin as soon as the

Treaty on European Union had been ratifiedand an agreement had been conduded onthe second package of structural and finan-cial measures.

The European Council consequently calledon the institutions to press on with thenecessary preparations for negotiationswith the EFT A countries concerned (Aus-tria, Sweden, Finland and Switzerland) onthe basis of the institutional provisions set

out in the Treaty on European Union andin the dedarations attached to it. It alsoexamined the applications submitted byTurkey, Cyprus and Malta and stated thatcooperation with these countries must beintensified on the basis of the relevantassociation agreements, with particularemphasis on political dialogue. Finally, itwas agreed that the Community wouldintensify cooperation and political dialoguewith the countries of Central and Eastern

Europe within the framework of the Europeagreements in an effort to assist them

their preparations for accession to the

Union.

The outcome of the deliberations on thesecond package of structural and financialmeasures was largely positive and thisshould enable the final decisions to beadopted by the Edinburgh EuropeanCouncil in December. The summit re-affirmed that economic and social cohesionremains one of the cornerstones of theUnion and agreed that the Cohesion Fundprovided for in the Union Treaty would beput in place in Ireland, Portugal and Greeceearly in 1993. The cumulative effect of thenew Fund and the structural Funds willmean an increase on a scale commensuratewith the commitments entered into atMaastricht. The European Council alsoconfirmed that implementation of thereform of the common agricultural policy,which it welcomed , would keep within theexisting agricultural guideline and an-nounced that there would be a substantial

Lisbon European Council

increase in the resources devoted to actionunder the common foreign policy. Finally,it agreed to the renewal of the interinsti-tutional agreement for the duration of thenew financial perspective.

After hearing a report from President Delorson subsidiarity and discussing the issue indepth, the European Council stressed theneed for this principle to be strictly applied,both in existing and in future legislationand called on the Commission and theCouncil to look at the procedural and prac-tical steps needed to implement it and toreport back to the European Council inEdinburgh. The Commission undertook toindude a reference to the principle of sub~sidiarity in the recitals of future proposalsjustifying the initiative; the Council willhave to do the same if it decides to amendthe original Commission proposal.

The European Council approved the reportby the Foreign Ministers on the likely devel-opment of the common foreign and securitypolicy, identifying the areas open to jointaction vis-a.-vis particular countries or

groups of countries (..-4 point 1.31).

On the internal policy front the progressachieved in the course of the year on com-pletion of the internal market was stressedby the European Council , which also listedthe priorities for the months ahead andemphasized the need for even more atten-tion to be paid to ensuring that the singlemarket works fairly and efficiently after1992. On the free movement of personsthe European Council urged that efforts toresolve the problem impeding signature ofthe Convention concerning the crossing ofexternal frontiers be pursued and pressedfor rapid ratification of the Dublin Conven-tion. It welcomed the agreement reachedon the establishment of a European DrugsMonitoring Centre and the progressachieved on the setting-up of Europol.

Moving on to external relations, the Euro~pean Council welcomed the acceptance bythe international community meeting in Riowithin the framework of the UN Confer-ence on Environment and Development ofthe objective of sustainable development

and agreed to implement an eight-point planby way of follow-up.

The European Council committed itself toreactivating the Uruguay Round nego-tiations with a view to bringing them to aswift conclusion and called on the partiesconcerned to demonstrate the flexibilitybased on reciprocity which the Communityis prepared to continue to show in all thekey areas.

Confirming its support for the currentdemocratic processes and economic reformsin the countries of Central and Eastern Eur-ope, the European Council welcomed thenew progress achieved in the establishmentand deepening of the Community s relationswith these countries and expressed its will-ingness to pursue joint international actionwithin the framework of the G-24 toimprove the balance of payments situationin Bulgaria , Romania and Albania. It alsoexpressed its willingness to play its part the efforts by the international communityto assist Russia and the other republics inthe Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS) and agreed to the mobilization ofpart of the ECU 1.25 billion loan to provideemergency medical assistance. The issue ofnuclear safety in some power stations inCentral and Eastern Europe and the CISwas also addressed and the setting-up ofmultilateral machinery for action notcovered by bilateral measures was con-sidered; the Commission was asked toincrease funding for the programmesalready operational in this field.

In a political environment dominated by thecrisis in the former Yugoslavia, the Euro-pean Council adopted a declaration inwhich it proposed that the UN SecurityCouncil take all the steps needed to ensurethat humanitarian aid gets through withoutdelay; it did not rule out support for the useof military means by the United Nationsto achieve this objective. It also agreed inprinciple to substantial further financial aid

for the displaced persons in the territory ofthe former Yugoslavia and expressed itsreadiness to recognize the former Yugoslavrepublic of Macedonia under a name which

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does not include the term 'Macedonia . Adecision was also taken to suspend partici~pation by the Yugoslav delegation in the

proceedings of the CSCE and other inter-national forums and organizations.

In a dedaration on the Middle East peace

process the European Council took note ofthe results of the recent elections in Israel

and acknowledged that it was up to theparties concerned in the dispute to establishthe terms of a settlement, which to be

effective must be freely negotiated . and

agreed among them. It reiterated its beliefthat, for an agreement to be just and lasting,it must be based on UN Security CouncilResolutions 242 and 338 and repeated thecommitment of the Community and itsMember States to playa constructive andactive role in the peace process, both atbilateral and at multilateral level. It alsoreaffirmed its support for the independence,sovereignty, unity and territorial integrityof Lebanon.

The European Council also adopted a dec~laration on relations between Europe andthe Maghreb, in which it expressed its deter-mination to continue its overall policy ofcontributing to the stability and prosperityof the Mediterranean region, favouring a

partnership approach capable of placingrelations on a footing commensurate inscale and intensity with the links forged bygeography and history.

The signing of the Agreement establishingthe European Economic Area provided theEuropean Council with an opportunity topress for rapid ratification with a view toentry into force on 1 January 1993. Refer-ence was made to the importance attachedto the deepening of relations with LatinAmerica in general and the Mercosur Groupin particular and to the major role playedby the Community and its Member Statesin the area of development cooperation.The European Council also appealed to allparties in South Africa to resume nego-tiations within the framework of the Con-vention for a Democratic and Non-racialSouth Africa. Finally, it expressed the hopethat the Helsinki Summit would take the

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action needed to enable the CSCE to playits role of contributing to freedom, peace

and stability in Europe more effectively.

Conclusions of the Presidency2. The Treaty on European Union agreed at

the European Council in Maastricht expressed themutual commitment of the governments of the12 Member States to create a Union capable meeting the challenges with which Europe is con-fronted today. The realization of this commitmentremains as important today as it was then as. means of ensuring peace and stability as well aseconomic and social progress in Europe and in theworld.

Convinced that the political commitment under-taken in Maastricht represents a major positivestep in the process of European unity, reinforcingdemocracy in European decision-making, theEuropean Council in Lisbon expresses the determi-nation to press ahead with European constructionin this spirit. It agrees the following political guide-lines reflecting its determination to maintain theimpetus for developing the Community s workinternally and externally over the coming decisiveperiod.

The European Council heard a statement from MrKlepsch , President of the European Parliament , onthe main topics under discussion in the EuropeanCouncil.

Progress towards European Union

State of the ratification procedureon the Treaty on European Union'" References:

, Signing of the Treaty on European Union: Bull. EC1/2-1992, point 1.1.1

Conclusions of the Council on the outcome of theDanish referendum: point 1.1.1 of this Bulletin

Commission statement on the outcome of the Irishreferendum: point 1.1.6 ofthis Bulletin

1.3. The European Council underlines theimportance of respecting the timetable laid downfor ratification to ensure in any case the entry intoforce of the Treaty as of 1 January 1993.

The European Council welcomes the result of theIrish referendum. It notes that ratification in oneother Member State is likely to be completedbefore the summer holidays and that ratification


procedures in most other Member States are welladvanced.

It confirms the conclusions reached by the GeneralAffairs Council in Oslo on 4 June.

EnlargementReference: Commission report ' Europe and the challengeof enlargement : Supplement 3/92 Bull. EC

1.4. The Treaty on European Union provides thatany European State whose system of governmentis founded on the principle of democracy mayapply to become a member of the Union. Theprinciple of a Union open to European States thataspire to full participation and who fulfil the con-ditions for membership is a fundamental elementof the European construction.

The European Council in Maastricht agreed thatnegotiations on accession to the Union on the basisof the Treaty agreed in Maastricht can start assoon as the Community has terminated its nego-tiations on own resources and related issues in1992.

The European Council considers that the EEAAgreement has paved the way for opening enlarge-ment negotiations with a view to an early con~

clusion with EFT A countries seeking membershipof the European Union. It invites the institutionsto speed up preparatory work needed to ensurerapid progress including the preparation before theEuropean Council in Edinburgh of the Uniongeneral negotiation framework. The official nego-tiation will be opened immediately after the Treatyon European Union is ratified and the agreementhas been achieved on the Delors II package.

Negotiations with the candidate countries will, tothe extent possible, be conducted in parallel , whiledealing with each candidature on its own merit.

The European Council agrees that this enlargementis possible on the basis of the institutional pro-visions contained in the Treaty on the Union andattached declarations.

The European Council considers that, if the chal-lenges of a European Union composed of a largernumber of Member States are to be met success-fully, parallel progress is needed as regards theinternal development of the Union and in prep~aration for membership of other countries.

In this context the European Council discussedthe applications which have been submitted byTurkey, Cyprus and Malta. The European Councilagrees that each of these applications must beconsidered on its merits.

With regard to Turkey the European Councilunderlines that the Turkish role in the present

European political situation is of the greatestimportance and that there is every reason to inten-sify cooperation and develop relations with Turkeyin line with the prospect laid down in the Associ-ation Agreement of 1964 including a political dia-logue at the highest level. The European Councilasks the Commission and the Council to work onthis basis in the coming months.

Relations with Cyprus and Malta will be developedand strengthened by building on the associationagreements and their application for membershipand by developing the political dialogue.

As regards relations with Central and Eastern Eur-ope, the European Council reaffirms the Com-munity s will to develop its partnership with thesecountries within the framework of the Europeagreements in their efforts to restructure their

economies and institutions. The political dialoguewill be intensified and extended to include meet-ings at the highest political level. Cooperation willbe focused systematically on assisting their effortsto prepare the accession to the Union which theyseek. The Commission will evaluate progress madein this respect and report to the European Councilin Edinburgh suggesting further steps as appro-priate.

The Commission presented its report ' Europe andthe challenge of enlargement'.

Future financing of the CommunityReferences:

Commission communication to the Council ' Fromthe Single Act to Maastricht and beyond: The means tomatch our ambitions : COM(92) 2000; Bull. EC 1/2-1992, point 1.2. 1; Supplement 1/92 Bull. EC

Commission communication to the Council on theCommunity s finances between now and 1997: COM(92)2001; Bull. EC 3-1992, point 1.1.2

Commission report on the system of .own resources:COM(92) 81; Bull. EC 3-1992, point 1.1.3

Commission report on application of the Interinsti-tutional Agreement of 29 June 1988 on budgetary disci-pline and improvement of the budgetary procedure:COM(92) 82; Bull. EC 3-1992, point 1.1.4

Commission communication on structural policiesassessment and outlook: Bull. EC 3-1992, point 1.1.5

5. The European Council welcomes the agree-ment on the reform of the common agriculturalpolicy which will control production while guaran-teeing farmers' incomes.! It confirms that the

1 At the request of Italy the European Council will askthe Agricultural Council to find, if possible, at its nextmeeting a balanced solution to the dispute regarding themilk quotas system taking account of the problem of itsapplication in Italy.

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financial means necessary for the execution of

this policy will be provided within the existingagricultural guideline.

The European Council reaffirms that economicand social cohesion represent an essential dimen-sion of the Community and that the principles laiddown in 1988 should be maintained .(programming,concentration, partnership and additionality) andthat their application should be simplified.

It decides with reference to the dispositions in theMaastricht Treaty and the annexed protocols toput in place early in 1993 and in those MemberStates where the GNP per inhabitant is less than90% of the Community average the Cohesion Fundprovided for in the Treaty.

For the regions concerned in those four MemberStates , the cumulated effect .of the structural Fundsand the Cohesion Fund will be an increase appro-priate to reflect the Maastricht commitments.

The European Council also agrees to apply equiv-alent treatment to the East German Lander andEast Berlin to that in regions whose developmentis lagging behind (Objective 1 regions within thestructural policies) without reducing the benefitwhich the cohesion countries can legitimatelyexpect on the basis of the Maastricht decision.

The European Council confirms its attachmentto reinforcement of the other structural policieswhether reconversion programmes in regionsaffected by industrial decline (Objective 2) or ruraldevelopment (Objective 5). Actions should bedeveloped under the Social Fund relating to occu-pational integration of young people, adapting tochanges in systems of production and combatinglong-term unemployment by means of training andretraining.

The European Council asks the Council to exam-ine further the suggestion contained in the Com-mission proposed financial perspectives inrelation to stimulating the competitiveness of

European business by mutual cooperation and byadapting research and innovation actions; the prac~tical application would be such as to encourageincreased participation of small and medium-sizedbusinesses in Community programmes.

The European Council, aware of its increasedresponsibilities in the new international context,decides to increase substantially resources devotedto actions in the context of the common externalpolicy.

As requested by the Maastricht European Councilthe regressive nature of the current system will becorrected. The implementation of the correctionwill take particular account of the situation of theMember States with a GNP per inhabitant below

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90% of the Community average. In addition theCommission will present in July its report on theapplication of the mechanisms for correctingbudgetary imbalances.

There is agreement in principle on the renewal ofthe interinstitutional agreement for the period ofvalidity of the new financial 'perspectives on termsensuring strict budgetary discipline and a smoothpassage of the annual budgetary discussions.

The European Council will reach decisions at itsmeeting in Edinburgh on the various componentsof the Oelors II package.

A Union close to its citizens

6. The European Council agrees that specificsteps must be taken to increase the transparency

in the decision-making process of the Communityand to reinforce the dialogue with the citizens ofEurope on the Maastricht Treaty and itsimplementation.

The approach of the Maastricht Treaty of bringingthe process of European unity closer to the citizensand reaffirming the importance of the identities ofthe nations that are part of the Union must forcefully reflected in the Community s actions

and behaviour. The European Council expressesthe wish to see the dialogue between nationalparliaments and the European Parliament stren-thened, including in the Conference of Parliaments.

The European Council recalls the important rolethat the subsidiarity principle has played in thedrafting of the Treaty on the Union, both throughthe integration of this principle as a new legallybinding ground rule in the Treaty (Article 3b)and through the introduction for the first time ofprecise delimitation of the type of Communityaction which can be carried out in the new areasof competence which the Treaty assigns to theUnion.

The European Council is convinced that harmoni-ous development of the Union over the comingyears depends to a considerable degree on the strictapplication to existing and future legislation of theprinciple of subsidiarity by all the institutions.This will be essential to ensure a direction of theEuropean construction which is in conformity withthe common wish of Member States and of theircitizens.

The European Council, having heard a first reportby the President of the Commission on this subjectinvited the Commission and the Council to under-take urgent work on the procedural and practicalsteps to implement the principle and to report tothe European Council in Edinburgh.


The Commission undertook, for its part, to justify,in the recitals of future proposals, the relevanceof its initiative with regard to the principle ofsubsidiarity. The Council will have to do the sameif it decides to amend the original Commissionproposal.

There will likewise be a re-examination of certainCommunity rules in order to adapt them to theprinciple of subsidiarity. A report will be preparedfor the European Council in December 1993 onthe results of that re-examination.

Internal market

7. The European Council reaffirms its firmcommitment to the adoption of the necessarymeasures to complete the internal market by 31December 1992 in accordance with Article 8a ofthe Treaty.

Free movement of goodsservices and capital

8. The European Council notes with satisfac-tion the substantial progress which has beenaccomplished towards the completion of theinternal market in these areas over the last sixmonths. Over 90% of the measures needed toimplement the single market without internal fron-tiers have now been adopted. It welcomes in par-ticular the agreements reached on insurance andpublic purchasing, which virtually complete theWhite Paper programme in these sectors, as wellas on the final phase of air transport liberalizationand on maritime cabotage, and the very substantialprogress on plant and animal health, and on medi-cine and drugs.

The European Council invites the Council (econ-omic and financial affairs) meeting on 29 June tofinalize its work on V AT rates and special regimes,on structures and rates for excise duties and oninvestment services. It also calls on the Council

to complete rapidly the necessary legislation oncompany law (including the European CompanyStatute) and to complete its work on the protectionof cultural goods on the basis of the considerableprogress made recently. Priority should also begiven in the following months to completing thesingle market in the fields of liberalization of roadtransport, intellectual property including the Com-munity trade mark office and outstanding issueson energy.

The European Council reaffirms the importanceof the trans-European networks for the effectivefunctioning of the internal market and urges the

Council to pursue the work already carried out inthis field.

The European Council also welcomes the progressmade by Member States on removing existingnational controls on goods, and in stepping up thepace and effectiveness of the transposition andimplementation of Community legislation in theinternal market. This process must continue.

Beyond this immediate horizon, the EuropeanCouncil recognizes that increased attention needsto be paid to ensuring that the single market willwork fairly and effectively in the post-1992 era. Itinvites the relevant institutions to take the necess.ary steps, before 1 January 1993, to ensure thisobjective, building on the work already undertakenby the Commission and the Council in this area.

Free movement of persons.. References:

Convention setting out procedures and criteria fordetermining the Member State responsible for examiningan application for asylum: Bull. EC 6-1990, point 2.

Six-monthly meeting of Ministers responsible forimmigration: point 1.5.13 of this Bulletin

9. The Council took note of the report drawnup by the Coordinators ' Group on Free Movementof Persons and approved the recommendationscontained in it. It wishes in particular to emphasizethe following aspects thereof:

The European Council takes due note that thePresidency has devoted considerable effort with aview to settling the last problem impeding thesignature of the Convention of the Member Statesof the European Community concerning the cross-ing of the external frontiers and has proposed acompromise solution.

In this connection, the European Council expressesits concern at the absence of a solution to thismatter and urges that efforts should be pursuedwith a view to settling the last problem impedingthe signature of the Convention.

The European Council calls for all ratifications ofthe Dublin Convention to be effected by the endof 1992. It welcomes the substantial progressachieved in preparing for its implementation aswell as in other aspects of harmonization of asylumpolicy.

The European Council requests that the work ondrafting an instrument setting up a European Infor.mation System be conducted in such a way as toallow the instrument to be signed during thesecond half of 1992 , if possible.

It invites the competent authorities to adopt theother essential measures identified in the Palma

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document and to implement the work programmeon asylum and immigration which it approved atits Maastricht meeting.

Social affairs

1.10. The European Council welcomes the pro-gress made recently in social matters and urges theCouncil to pursue the efforts in the social field asthe necessary complement to the realization of theinternal market.

Fight against drugsReferences:

Conclusions of the Rome II European Council: Bull.EC 12-1990, point 1.17

Amended proposal for a Regulation on the establish-ment of a European Drugs Monitoring Centre and aEuropean Information Network on Drugs and DrugAddiction: CQM(92) 237; Bull. EC 5-1992, point 1.1.196

11. The European Council took note of thereport drafted by the European Committee toCombat Drugs (ECCD).

It welcomed the political agreement which emer-ged on the Regulation establishing a EuropeanDrugs and Drug Addiction Monitoring Centre.That body will help give the Community and theMember States an overall view of this serious socialphenomenon and will thus assist them in definingtheir action.

The European Council confirms its full supportfor the organization in the Member States, from16 to 22 November 1992, of a European Week topromote the prevention of drug use. It calls forparticular emphasis to be placed on the primeimportance of education and prevention as regardsyoung people.

It calls upon the ECCD to report to it, at itsEdinburgh meeting, on the implementation of theEuropean programme for the fight against drugsadopted by the Rome European Council on 14December 1990. That report may be accompaniedby proposals for further measures.

Europo!.. Reference: Six-monthly meeting of Ministers responsible

for immigration: point 1.5.13 ofthis Bulletin

1.12. The European Council took cognizance ofthe report prepared by the Trevi Ministers andsignified its agreement on its conclusions.

It calls for the preparation of the Conventionnecessary for the establishment of Europol.

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It endorses the setting-up of a project team tofacilitate the early establishment of a EuropeanDrugs Intelligence Unit, which has been conceivedas the first phase of Europol's .development.

External relations

13. The European Council noted with satisfac-tion the initiatives developed in the last months inthe field of the Community external relations, inline with the ever-increasing expectations of thirdcountries with regard to the role to be played bythe Community on the international scene.

The European Council confirmed the will of theCommunity to continue acting in this area in aspirit of solidarity and cooperation, fully assumingits international responsibilities.

Rio Conference on Environmentand Development

Reference: United Nations Conference on Environmentand Development: point 1.3.127 of this Bulletin

14. The European Council welcomes the resultsof the United Nations Conference on Environmentand Development (Unced) held at Rio de Janeirofrom 3 to 14 June 1992 and in particular the accept-ance by the international community at the highestlevel of the aim of sustainable development world-wide. It also noted with satisfaction the role playedby the Community and by its Member States inthe Conference.

The European Council invites all the participatingStates to proceed rapidly to the implementation ofthe measures agreed at Rio.

The Community and its Member States, for theirpart, are prepared to commit themselves to thefollowing eight-point plan:

(i) to ratify the climate change convention andpublish national plans for implementing it;

(ii) to publish national plans for action on bio-

diversity, and to establish the basis for ratificationof the convention;

(iii) to publish national plans for the implemen-tation of the forest principles;

(iv) to publish national plans for the implemen-tation of the Rio Declaration and Agenda 21;

(v) to give financial support to developingcountries for the implementation of Agenda 21through Official Development Assistance (ODA)and for the replenishment of the Global Environ~ment Facility (GEF);


(vi) to take the lead at the 1992 UN GeneralAssembly in the establishment of the SustainableDevelopment Commission;

(vii) to put their weight behind establishing aninte.rnational review process for the forest anddesertification principles;

(viii) to take the lead in the restructuring of the

GEF so that it can in time be established as thepermanent financial mechanism for the climatechange and biodiversity conventions.

The European Council invites the other States tomake a similar commitment.

Uruguay Round

1.15. The European Council reaffirms its com-mitment to a swift conclusion of the UruguayRound. An open multilateral trading systemreinforced by rules and discipline accepted by allconcerned is essential for world economic growth.Further liberalization of world trade will benefitboth industrialized and developing countries.

The European Council underlines that these nego-tiations form a whole and that in order to besuccessful they must lead to a substantial andbalanced result in all areas of the negotiations(agriculture, market access , rules .and disciplineand new subjects).

Particular responsibility lies with the majortradingpartners to ease the final multilateral process ofthe Uruguay Round by opening the way to a sol-ution of the problems that remain. The Com-munity has shown, and is prepared to continue toshow, such flexibility based on reciprocity.

In the context of the Uruguay Round the Com-munity has submitted substantial contributionsand offers in key areas of the negotiations. Intaking the initiative of reforming its common agri-cultural policy, the Community is basing its agri-cultural future on a better match between supplyand demand, thus contributing to the stabilizationof world markets while ensuring that the incomesof Community farmers are legitimately main-tained.

The European Council calls on all parties to thenegotiations to show similar flexibility so thatrealistic and balanced solutions can be achieved inagriculture and that in the area of access to marketsand services, undertakings can be secured leadingto genuine liberalization that is both tangible andmutually satisfactory.

The Eur~pean Council invites the Communitynegotiators to pursue the dialogue with their part-ners and in particular with the United States to

resolve the remaining differences so that overallagreement can be concluded as soon as possible.

Common foreign and security policy

1.16. The European Council approved a reportby Ministers for Foreign Affairs on the likely devel.opment of the common foreign and security policy(CFSP) with a view to identifying areas open tojoint action vis-a-vis particular countries or groupsof countries (Annex I).

Countries of Central and Eastern EuropeReferences:

Interim Agreements relating to the Europe Agree.ments with Czechoslovakia , Hungary and Poland: Bull.EC 1/2-1991, points 1.4.9 and 1.4.

Directives for the negotiation of Europe Agreementswith Bulgaria and Romania: Bull. EC 5-1992, point1.2.

Cooperation agreements with Albania, Estonia, Lat-via and Lithuania: Bull. EC 5-1992, point 1.2.

Proposals for Council Decisions providing furthermedium-term financial assistance for Bulgaria and Rom-ania: points 1.4.7 and 1.4.8 of this Bulletin

17. The European Council expresses its fullsupport for the processes aimed at consolidatingdemocratic institutions in the countries of Centraland Eastern Europe, thereby guaranteeing the ruleof law and respect for human rights. This includesthe principles governing the rights of minorities,and the inviolability of borders, which can bealtered only by peaceful means and through agree-ment, in accordance with the commitmentsaccepted by the signatories to the UN Charter, theHelsinki Final Act and the Charter of Paris for aNew Europe.

The European Council also supports the economicreforms undertaken by the governments of thecountries of Central and Eastern Europe aimed atcreating a climate conducive to modernization andthe development of a market economy.

In the light of the results of the 5 and 6 Juneelections in Czechoslovakia and the Joint PublicDeclaration of Mr Klaus and Mr Meciar after theirtalks of 19 and 20 June, the European Councilexpresses the hope that the ongoing talks betweenthe different political forces will continue in apeaceful and constructive manner and that theimportant steps in regional and international coop-eration already achieved may be further developedwithout any major difficulty.

The European Council welcomes the progressmade in the establishment and deepening relations with the countries of Central and EasternEurope and in particular the entry into force ofthe Intermediate Agreements to the European

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Agreements signed with Czechoslovakia, Hungaryand Poland, the approval of the directives fornegotiation with Bulgaria and Romania and thecompletion of the trade and cooperation agree"ments with the Baltic States and with Albania.

The European Council expresses its willingnesswithin the framework of the G- , to pursue jointinternational action to assist the balances of pay-ments of Bulgaria, Romania and Albania, in viewof the continued financing needs in these countrieswhich are covered neither by international finan-cial institutions nor by public and private inter-ventions.

Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS).. References:

Lisbon conference on the coordination of assistanceto the independent States of the former Soviet Union:

Bull. EC 5-1992, point 1.2.Agreement establishing an International Science and

Technology Centre: Bull. EC 5-1992, point 1.2.

18. The European Council is following develop-ments in the CIS with the greatest interest andconfirms its willingness to play its part in theefforts made by the international community torestore the economies of Russia and of otherRepublics of the CIS. Those efforts, in accordancewith the guidelines adopted at the Lisbon Confer.ence of 23 and 24 May 1992, are aimed at ensuringthe early integration of those States in the worldeconomy with the intention of contributing to theprosperity of their respective peoples.

The European Council believes that the reformsaimed at achieving proper efficiency should con-tinue to be accompanied by the political changesalready under way, which are needed to consoli.date an open society founded on the rule of lawindividual liberties and political pluralism.

The European Council welcomes the agreementsigned by the Presidents of Russia and Ukraine inDagomis , on 23 June, in which both parties settledthe basis for a future share of the Black Sea Fleetand hopes to see the agreements implemented with-out delay to the benefit of peace and security inthe region.

The European Council, on this occasion , expressesits deep concern with the continued fighting inGeorgia, in Moldova and in the enclave of Nag-orno-Karabakh, and strongly urges all authoritiesconcerned to end the vicious cycle of violence byengaging in a political dialogue and cooperatingwith all peace efforts, namely in the framework ofCSCE.

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The European Council underlines the role of thehuman and technical assistance to the CIS, insti-tuted by the Community, and expresses satisfac"tion over the positive results achieved in actionsso far.

The European Council agrees that urgent actionmust be initiated in order to provide emergencymedical assistance using a suitable part of the

loan of ECU 1.25 billion. The Commission will actaccordingly.

The European Council considers that the LisbonConference on assistance to the Commonwealthof Independent States, which for the first timegathered together representatives of the donorcountries, the international organizations and thebeneficiary countries, constituted an importantmoment in which to effect an overall balance ofthe assistance provided so far by the internationalcommunity and to stress the extent of the effortdeveloped by the Community and its MemberStates in that context.

The European Council welcomes the signing of theagreement which creates the International Scienceand Technology Centres, for reorientation of CISscientists and technical staff towards pacific activi-ties and reiterates the importance it attaches tothe preservation of the scientific and technologicalpotential of the former Soviet Union.

Nuclear safety in the Centraland East European countriesand the CIS

1.19. The European Council notes the consider-able effort undertaken in the framework of thePhare programme for Central and Eastern Europeas well as in the technical assistance programmefor the CIS to improve the safety of nuclear powerplants of Soviet design.

The European Council considers that, in additionto the bilateral contributions under the coordi-nation of the G- , the setting up of a multilateralmechanism would be desirable to take action thatwill not be covered by bilateral measures; it invitesthe other G-7 partners to respond positively to thisinitiative.

Given the urgency of this problem, the EuropeanCouncil asks the Commission to increase furtherthe amounts foreseen for this purpose in bothprogrammes.

As far as the 'upgrading' of these nuclear powerstations is concerned, the European Councilrequests the Council to consider the possibility ofextending the Eurarom loans to investments forthis purpose.


European Energy Charter.. Reference: Conference on the European Energy Charter:

point 1.3.92 of this Bulletin

20. The development of close cooperation inthe energy sector will make a vital contribution tofacilitate and accelerate the transition of the formersocialist countries towards a market economy.Based on the progress to the achieving of the energyinternal market, it will play an important rolein maintaining and strengthening economic andpolitical stability in Europe, and in enhancing

environmental protection.

Therefore, the European Council emphasizes theimportance of rapid progress in the negotiation ofthe Basic Agreement for the implementation of theEuropean Energy Charter and urges the CharterConference to intensify its efforts in order to reachearly agreement to be signed in a forthcomingLisbon Conference on Energy.

Yugoslavia

21. The European Council adopted the declar-ation in Annex II.

Middle East peace process

1.22. The European Council adopted the declar-

ation in Annex III.

Relations with the Mediterraneancountries.. Reference: Regulations (EEC) Nos 1762/92 to 1764/92

on implementation of the new Mediterranean policy:OJ L 181 1.7. 1992; points 1.4.16 to 1.4.18 ofthis Bulletin

1.23. The European Council adopted the declar-

ation in Annex IV on relations with the Maghrebcountries.

The European Council underlines the importanceit attributes to its general relations with the Medi-terranean countries and welcomes in this connec-tion the recent agreement on the renewed Mediter-ranean policy, which constitutes an essentialelement towards greater political and economicstability in the Mediterranean region.

European Economic Area.. Reference: Signing of the Agreement establishing the

European Economic Area: BulLEC 5-1992, points 1.2.and 2.

1.24. The European Council welcomes the con-clusion of the negotiation process and the signatureon 2 May in Oporto of the Treaty creating theEuropean Economic Area.

The European Council expresses its desire to seethat the ratification processes in progress takeplace as soon as possible, so that the Treaty maycome into force on 1 January 1993.

Latin America.. References:

Lisbon Conference (San Jose VIII): Bull. EC 1/2-1992, points 1.4.42, 1 and 2.

EEC-Rio Group ministerial conference: Bull. EC 5"1992, point 1.2.

Framework cooperation Agreement between theEuropean Economic Community and Paraguay: Bull. BC

1992, points 1.2.34 and 1.2.Framework cooperation Agreement between the

European Economic Community and Brazil: point 1.4.of this Bulletin

1.25. The European Council underlined theimportance it attaches to the deepening of relationsbetween the Community and Latin America as themeans to support economic recovery and consoli-dation of democracy in that region.

In this context, it welcomes the positive results ofthe last ministerial meetings which took place inLisbon and Santiago de Chile, and the signatureof new framework agreements with Brazil andParaguay.

The European Council stressed the importanceof supporting the efforts of economic integrationwhich are developed at regional level, such asMercosur.

In this context, following the meeting in Guima-raes on 2 May 1992, the European Council invitesthe Commission to present proposals with a viewto intensifying and institutionalizing relationsbetween the Community and Mercosur.

Relations between the Communityand its Member Statesand developing countries

References:Conclusions of the Luxembourg European Council:

Bull. EC 6-1991 , point 1.45Resolution of the Council and the representatives of

the Member States on human rights, democracy anddevelopment: Bull. EC 11-1991, point 1.3.

26. The European Council believes that the far-reaching changes in the international scene havecontributed to the creation of a new climate andfavourable opportunities for the revitalization ofa constructive dialogue aimed at promoting devel-

Bull. EC 6-1992


opment based on solidarity, mutual interest andshared responsibilities.

The easing of international tensions with the endof the Cold War provides new possibilities andresources for development but also favours theemergence of new forms of cooperation, namelyat the inter-regional level. At the same time, apolitical consensus is growing around the funda-mental relationship between pluralistic democracy,respect for human rights and developmentregarded as an equitable and sustainable process

focused on the individual.

The European Council, recalling its Declarationon Human Rights adopted in Luxembourg as wellas the resolution of the Development Council onhuman rights, democracy and development of 28November 1991, reaffirms that the respect, pro-motion and safeguarding of human rights is anessential element in international relations andtherefore one of the cornerstones of cooperation

as well as of relations between the Community andits Member States and other countries. It attachesspecial importance to positive initiatives designedto ensure active support to those countries whichare instituting democracy, improving human rightsperformance as well as promoting good govern-ance.

The European Council considers that an activerelationship and dialogue with developingcountries is a fundamental condition to overcomethe disparities and gaps that still divide the popu-lations of the world. The European Communityand its Member States are playing and will con-tinue to playa major role in all fields of cooper~ation for development, taking in due account thenew possibilities brought about by a positive cli-mate in international relations.

CSCElit References:

Signing of the Charter of Paris for a New Europe:Bull. EC 11-1990, point 1.1

Opening of the fourth CSCE follow-up meeting: Bull.EC 3-1992, point 1.3.

27. The European Council reaffirms the com-mitment of the Community and its Member Statesto the CSCE process and underlines the majorcontribution of the CSCE to freedom, peace andstability in Europe and as a means to ensure coop-eration among all participating States, on the basisof full compliance with the provisions of the Hel-sinki Final Act, the Charter of Paris for a NewEurope and all other relevant CSCE texts. Withouttotal respect and thorough implementation of allCSCE commitments, no State can expect to play

Bull. EC 6-1992

a role in the building-up of a new Europe of peace,freedom, cooperation and progress.

The European Council welcomes the positiveresults already achieved at the ongoing CSCE fol-low-up meeting of Helsinki and looks forwardto a successful outcome of the Helsinki Summitmeeting. The European Council expresses its con-viction that, on the occasion of the Helsinki Sum-mit, fundamental steps will be taken which shallrender the CSCE more effective and operational inorder to be able to play the role it must assume inthe future.

The European Council urges parties to the CFETreaty to take the necessary steps in order to

achieve itS entry into force. Furthermore, the Euro-pean Council stresses that an agreement to limit thepersonnel strength of conventional armed forcesof the CFE participating countries will furtherenhance 5tability and security in Europe andshould be signed at the Helsinki Summit.

Non-proliferation and arms exports

1.28. The European Council noted with satisfac-tion the conclusion of a common list of nucleargoods .and nuclear-related dual-use goods to becontrolled by Member States, when exported.

Furthermore, the European Council notes thatwork in progress in European political cooperationhas, by comparing national policies on armsexports, identified an additional common criterionon which these policies are based.

This criterion will be added to those approved bythe European Council of Luxembourg and will beformulated as follows:

The compatibility of the arms exports with thetechnical and economic capacity of the recipientcountry, taking into account the desirability thatStates should achieve their legitimate needs ofsecurity and defence with the least diversion forarmaments of human and economic re50urces.'

Southern Africalit Reference: Declaration by the Community and the Mem-

ber States on the violence in South Mrica: point 1.5.of this Bulletin

29. The European Council is deeply concernedabout the recent violence in South Africa. Recallingthe Community and its Member States' statementof23 June expressing shock at the Boipatong mass-acre, it notes the fact that the South AfricanGovernment has stated its readiness to allow forforeign observers to participate in the investigationunder way. It underlines the absolute need to


ensure an effective control of the police and secur-ity forces. The ministerial troika of the Communityand its Member States will address this issue on theoccasion of its forthcoming visit to South Africa.

It calls upon all parties in South Africa to resumenegotiations in the framework of Codesa, whichis a privileged forum where the necessary consen-sus may be sought, in order to ensure a peacefultransition towards a true democratic and non-racial South Africa, in particular by the establish-ment of a transitional government. The EuropeanCouncil considers it vital that South Africa notlose the substantial progress already made in thatforum.

The European Council notes with satisfaction theclear advances made towards a lasting peacethroughout southern Africa, in particular the pro-gress made in the peace process in Angola, whichshould culminate in general elections in September1992.

The European Council urges the parties involvedin the Mozambican conflict to reach, with utmosturgency, a peace agreement in the context of themediation process in which EC countries play anactive role. This will make possible the delivery ofinternational aid to the affected populations, whoare already suffering because of the prolongeddrought which is having catastrophic effectsthroughout the sub-region.

1.30. The European Council, after consultationof the President and the enlarged Bureau of theEuropean Parliament, agreed to renew the mandateof Mr Jacques Delors as President of the Com-mission.

Annex I

Report to the European Council in Lisbonon the likely development of the commonforeign and security policy (CFSP)with a view to identifying areasoped to joint action vis-a.-vis particularcountries or groups of countries

Introduction:the likely development of CFSP

1.31. The Treaty establishing the EuropeanUnion, which should come into force on 1 January1993, will mark the creation of the common foreignand security policy.

The CFSP should be seen as the successor to theactivities hitherto pursued by Member States inthe framework of European political cooperation(EPC) under the Single European Act. With specificaims and means, the CFSP represents a saut quali-

tatif in the sense that it integrates the acquis

EPCand gives it greater potential, principally bymeans of joint action, an additional instrumentwhich implies a strict discipline among MemberStates and enables the Union to make full use ofth~ means at its disposal.

With the new phase now beginning, the CFSPshould contribute to ensuring that the Unionexternal action is less reactive to events in theoutside world, and more active in the pursuit ofthe interests of the Union and in the creation of amore favourable international environment. Thiswill enable the European Union to have animproved capacity to tackle problems at their rootsin order to anticipate the outbreak of crises. Fur-thermore, the Union will be able to make dearerto third countries its own aims and interests, andto match more closely those parties ' expectationsof the Union.

In order to contribute to the strengthening of the

Union s external activities as it whole, it will be upto the Council and to the Commission to ensureconsistency between the CFSP, the Communityexternal action and the cooperation in the fieldsof justice and home affairs..

The legal provisions on CFSP are to be found inTitle V of the Maastricht Treaty where it is statedthat the Union shall gradually implement 'jointaction in the areas in which the Member Stateshave important interests in common' (Article J. 1.3).

It was specifically with a view to identifying theareas open to joint action that the MaastrichtEuropean Council issued a statement in which theCouncil was invited:

to prepare a report to the European Council inLisbon on the likely development of the CFSP witha view to identifying areas open to joint actions vis-a-vis particular countries or groups of countries

It should be noted that the proposals herein consti-tute only a starting point for the implementation

. of CFSP and more specifically for joint action.Consequently the proposals on geographical areasand horizontal domains for joint action are to beseen as a first indication and should in no way beregarded as exhaustive.

II Framework

In accordance with the Union s Treaty, the CFSPcovers all areas of foreign and security policy and

Bull. EC 6-1992


implies, with the aim of achieving the objectivesset Out in Article J . 1.2:

(i) systematic cooperation between MemberStates in the conduct of policy on any matter offoreign or security policy of general interest;

(ii) the gradual implementation of joint action

in the areas in which the Member States haveimportant interests in common.

Joint action must be seen as a means for thedefinition and the implementation by the Union ofa policy in the framework of the CFSP in a specificissue. It must necessarily:

(i) satisfy the objectives of the Union set out inArticle Band, more particularly, in Article J. 1.2;

(ii) take into account the Union acquis;

(iii) remain consistent with other actions andpositions adopted by the Union.

For each area, the Union should define specificobjectives in order to select the issues in which jointaction may be envisaged. These specific objectivesmight be inter alia:

(i) strengthening democratic principles and insti-tutions, and respect for human and minority rights;

(ii) promoting regional political stability andcontributing to the creation of political and/oreconomic frameworks that encourage regionalcooperation or moves towards regional or sub-regional integration;

(iii) contributing to the prevention and settle-ment of conflicts;

(iv) contributing to a more effective internationalcoordination in dealing with emergency situations;

(v) strengthening existing cooperation in issuesof international interest such as the fight against

arms proliferation, terrorism and the traffic inillicit drugs;

(vi) promoting and supporting good government.

The existence of important interests in commonconstitute the basic criterion for adopting jointaction (Article J.3). According to the principle ofsolidarity among Member States, this does not ruleout the possibility of a given interest being of moreimportance to some Member States than to others.

It is possible at this stage to list certain factorsdetermining important common interests. Accountshould be taken of these and other factors indefining the issues and areas for joint action:

(i) the geographical proximity of a given region

or couritry;

(ii) an important interest in the political and

economic stability of a region or country;

Bull. EC 6-1992

(iii) the existence of threats to the security inter-

ests of the Union.

Bearing in mind that joint action should be gradu-ally implemented, a limited number of geographi-cal areas has been identified. For each area, anumber of horizontal issues in respect of whichjoint action could be undertaken in the short termwere selected. These areas are: Central and EasternEurope, in particular the Commonwealth of Inde-pendent States and the Balkans, the Mediter-

ranean, in particular the Maghreb, and the MiddleEast.

In addition, certain domains within the securitydimension have already been identified by theEuropean Council.

As pointed out in the introduction, the selection ofareas for implementation of joint action is merelyillustrative.

The European Council will review the inter-national situation in order to establish general

guidelines for joint action in the light of change inthe areas already identified and in any others whereappropriate.

With regard to the special importance of theNorth-South relations, the Union may want todevelop gradually in a consistent and coordinatedmanner its external activites vis-a-vis the countriesof Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean .andAsia in all aspects of its relations (e.g. foreign,security, economic and development policies) inorder to contribute to the development of thoseregions within a context of full respect for humanrights, and to the strengthening of their relationswith the Union. Particular account will be takenof relations, including contractual relations, whichhave been established with regional and othergroupmgs.

The Union wishes also to draw attention to thehigh priority it continues to attribute to therelations with the United States of America, Can-ada and Japan, with whom the Union has adoptedseparate joint declarations which constitute a basisfor a fruitful partnership. All sides remain awarethat cooperation in a close partnership remains

indispensable.

In accordance with the provisions of Title V, theMember States of the Union will coordinate theiraction in international organizations of which theyare members and at international conferences atwhich they participate, both in pursuing commonpositions and following up joint actions.

III Joint action vis-a.-vis

particular countries and groups of countries

The following paragraphs identify, in accordancewith the European Council's mandate, areas in


which joint action vis-a-vis selected individual

countries or groups of countries would appear to, in a first phase, particularly beneficial for the

attainment of the objectives of the Union.

Central and Eastern Europe

The Community and its Member States have fol-lowed closely the economic and political changesin the region. They seek to respond to challengesby mobilizing the resources at their disposal tosupport the transformation taking place in thosecountries, in particular the establishment of therule of law and the process of economic reform.

The Union will:

(i) promote political stability and contribute tothe creation of political and/or economic frame-works that encourage regional cooperation ormoves towards regional or sub-regional inte-gration;(ii) encourage full implementation of the CSCEcommitments in the framework of the CSCE itselfand elsewhere, including in particular the pro-

visions relating to:(a) the human dimension, notably respect for

democracy, the rule of law, human rightsincluding those of persons belonging tonational minorities;

(b) the prevention and settlement of conflictswhilst fully respecting the inviolability of fron-tiers and other CSCE principles.

Russia and the former Soviet Republics

Hitherto, the action of the Community and itsMember States in the political field has been domi-nated by the need to assure the area s stability,with particular attention to the preservation of

European security. With a view to strengtheningthe Union s capacity for influence vis-a-vis thisgroup of countries, joint action might be envisagedin the following areas:

(i) support for the setting-up of a framework ofharmonious relations between the European Unionand the new States, taking into account the differ-ent interests and historical experiences of the Statesconcerned;

(ii) reinforcing existing patterns of cooperationand trade between the new States themselves;

(iii) encouraging full compliance with all thetreaties on disarmament and arms control to whichthey are parties, including those on non-;proHfer-ation;

. .

(iv) opening joint facilities and missions, eachcase being treated on its merits.

2. Other countries in Central and Eastern Europeincluding the Balkans

These countries are engaged in the road to democ-racy and in the process of setting up new politicaland economic structures. It would be convenientto reinforce their links with the European Unionand other organizations.

Progress has already been made by some of thesecountries in the process of democratization andintegration in European institUtions. Taking it intoaccount, joint action might be envisaged in estab-lishing the political frameworks to foster thesecountries' relations with each other and with theUnion and the reinforcement of their ties withEuropean organizations and structures.

Former Yugoslavia

For the present the essential aim is to promotepeace among the peoples and countries of thearea and to contribute to safeguarding Europeansecurity.

The following issues could fall within the frame-work of joint action:(i) the Union efforts to find a peaceful and lastingsolution to the Yugoslav crisis including the PeaceConference and the continuation of the variousaspects of the monitoring mission;

(ii) the monitoring of a possible future solution

and the promotion of cooperation between theRepublics;

(iii) the promotion of cooperation in politicaland security issues between the Republics and theUnion;

(iv) the contribution to the strengthening ofdemocracy and the rule of law, human and min-ority rights, by means of legal and technical coop-eration.

~ Maghreb and Middle East

The southern and eastern shores of the Mediter-ranean as well as the Middle East are geographicalareas in relation to which the Union has stronginterests both in terms of security and social stab-ility.

The Union has therefore an interest in establishingwith the countries of the area a relationship of

,..

good neighbourliness. The goal should be to avoida deepening of the North-South gap in the regionby favouring economic development and promot-ing full respect for human rights and fundamentalfreedoms and the development and consolidationof democracy and the rule of law.

BulL EC 6-1992


Maghreb

The Maghreb is the Union s southern frontier. Itsstability is .of important common interest t.o theUnion. Population growth, recurrent social crises,large-scale migration, and the growth of religiousfundamentalism and integralism are problemswhich threaten that stability.

Without prejudice to the necessary differences inapproach concerning the regi.on variouscountries, attention might he given in priority tothe following:

(i) promoting a constructive dialogue, aimed atcreating an area of peace, security and prosperity,in which respect of the fundamental principles ofinternational law is assured;(ii) establishing a framework of cooperation inall fields, which should gradually lead to anupgraded partnership between the Union and itsMember. States and the Maghreb countries;(iii) strengthening of existing co.operationmeasures on the foreign policy aspects of the fightagainst terrorism and illicit traffic in drugs;(iv) ensuring full compliance by the countries ofthe region with the relevant treaties and agree-ments on disarmament and arms contr.ol, includingthose on non-proliferation;

(v) supporting the current moves towardsregional integration.

Middle East

The Middle East has been one of the constantpreoccupations of the Community and its MemberStates. The instability which has been a permanentfeature of this region affects international securityand the interests of the Union, the most importantof which are to ensure the stability of the. area anda relati.onship of cooperation and dialogue.

Within the framework of the objectives set by theUnion, the following domains are potentially opento joint action:

(i) development of systematic action to supportthe process of negotiations launched by the MiddleEast Conference in Madrid on the basis of therelevant resolutions of the United Nations SecurityCouncil which should lead to a just and compre-hensive solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict andthe Palestinian question;

(ii) ensure the Union s active involvement in thepeace process;

(iii) making efforts to persuade Israel to changeits policy regarding settlements in the OccupiedTerritories and to persuade Arab c.ountries toren.ounce their trade boycott;

Bull. EC 6-1992

(iv) support moves towards regional integration;(v) ensure the full compliance by the countriesof the region with the relevant treaties and agree-ments on disarmament and arms c.ontrol, includingth.ose on non-proliferation, and with the relevantresolutions.of the United Nations Security C.ouncil;

(vi) the foreign policy aspects of the fight againstte.rrorism and the illicit traffic in drugs.

IV .~ Domains withinthe security dimension

The Heads of State or Government at the Maas-tricht European Council adopted provisions forthe establishment, the definition and theimplementation ora common foreign and securitypolicy. This policy shall include all questionsrelated to the security of the Union, including theeventual framing ofa common defence policy,which might in time lead to ac.ommon defence.

In this context, the European C.ouncil indicatedthe domains within the security dimension whichmay be, as from the entry into force of the Treaty,the object of joint actions, namely:(i) the CSCE process;

(ii) the policy of disarmament and arms c.ontrolin Europe, including confidence-buildingmeasures;

(iii) nuclear n.on-proliferation issues;

(iv) the economic aspects ()f security, in particu-lar control of the transfer of military technology

. to third countries and control of arms exports.

In accordance with Article J.4, the Union requeststhe WEU, which is an integral part.of the develop-ment of the European Union, t.o elaborate andimplement decisions and actions of the Unionwhich have defence implications. In this contextMember States which are also members of theWEU recall the Declaration adopted at Maastrichtin December 1991 and which was noted by theIntergovernmental Conference. The issues havingdefence implications dealt with under Article J.4.shall not be subject to the procedure of joint action.

The policy of the Union in accordance with ArticleJ.4 shall not prejudice the specific character.of thesecurity and defence policies of certan MemberStates and shall respect the obligations of certainMember States under the North Atlantic Treatyand be compatible with the common security anddefence policy established within that framew.ork.

The European Council has also invited the Minis-ters for Foreign Affairs to begin preparatory workwith a view to defining the necessary basicelements for a policy of the Uni.on by the date of

entry int.o force of the Treaty. This preparatory


work should in particular consider the elementswhich will be necessary to the Union in the frame~work of the CFSP. To this effect an ad hoc workinggroup on security will be created under the PoliticalCommittee.

Annex II

European Council declarationon former Yugoslavia

References:Regulation (EEe) No 1432/92 and Decision 92/285/

ECSC prohibiting trade with the Republics of Serbia andMontenegro: OJ L 166, 20. 1992; point 1.4.12 of thisBulletin

Regulation (EEe) No 1433/92 and Decision 92/286/EEC removing Montenegro from the list of beneficiariesof the positive measures to assist certain republics of theformer Yugoslavia: OJ L 151, 3. 1992; point 1.4.13 of

this Bulletin.

1.32. The European Council strongly condemnsthe continuing violence which has ravaged theterritory of the former Yugoslavia for over a year,resulting in an appalling loss of life and a desperatehumanitarian situation, in particular in Bosnia-

Hercegovina. Although all parties have contrib-uted, in their own way, to the present state ofaffairs, by far the greatest share of the responsi-bility falls on the Serbian leadership and the Y ugos-lav army controlled by it. The Community andits Member States stress again the need for fullapplication of the sanctions stipulated by the UNSecurity Council.

The European Council deplores in particular thatthe reopening of Sarajevo airport for humanitarianpurposes, in accordance with UN Security CouncilResolution 758 , has not been achieved. Furthermeasures are therefore required. EC MemberStates will propose that the legally competentbody, the UN Security Council take, without delay,all necessary measures for the reopening of theairport and effective delivery of humanitarianassistance to Sarajevo and neighbouring areas. TheEuropean Community and its Member States areready to cooperate in that as far as is legally andpractically possible for them to do so. This mayinclude airborne humanitarian aid. While givingpriority to peaceful means, the European Councildoes not exclude support for the use of militarymeans by the UN to achieve these humanitarianobjectives.

Noting the Declaration by the WEU Council ofMinisters of 19 June 1992, the European Councilwelcomes the stUdy being carried out by this organ-ization of possible means in support of actionsundertaken in the framework of the relevant UNSecurity Council resolutions.

The European Council is gravely preoccupied bythe increasingly intolerable sitUation of the hun-dreds of thousands of displaced persons in the

territory of the former Yugoslavia. In spite ofactions already undertaken, in particular by the

.. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees(UNHCR), the European Council considers thatfurther important financial help will be needed.

The Commission will coordinate these efforts withthe other G-24 countries.

With regard to Koso\'o, the European Councilexpects the Serbian leadership to refrain from fur-ther repression and to engage in serious dialogue

with representatives of this territory. The Euro-pean Council reminds the inhabitants of Koso\'othat their legitimate quest for autonomy should bedealt with in the framework of the Conference onYugoslavia. It stresses the need to immediatelydispatch observers to Kosovo as well as to neigh-bouring countries in order to prevent the use ofviolence and with a view to contributing to therestoration of confidence. The Community and itsMember States call upon the CSCE to take thenecessary steps to that effect and stand ready, asfar as they are concerned, to take part in such amission.

The European Council reiterates the position takenby the Community and its Member States in Guim-araes on the request of the former YugoslavRepublic of Macedonia to be recognized as anindependent State. It expresses its readiness torecognize. that republic within its existing bordersaccording to their Declaration on 16 December1991 under a name which does not include the termMacedonia. It furthermore considers the bordersof this republic as inviolable and guaranteed inaccordance with the principles of the UN Charterand the Charter of Paris.

The European Community and its Member Stateswill not recognize the new federal entity compris-ing Serbia and Montenegro as the successor Stateof the former Yugoslavia until the moment thatdecision has been taken by the qualified inter-national institutions. They have decided to demandthe suspension of the delegation of Yugoslavia inthe proceedings at the CSCE and other inter-national forums and organizations.

The European Council states its determination tohelp the people of the former Yugoslavia in theirquest for a peaceful future in Europe and reiteratesthat the EC Conference on Yugoslavia chaired byLord Carrington is the only forum capable ofensuring a durable and equitable solution to theoutstanding problems of the former Yugoslavia,

including constitutional arrangements for Bosnia-Hercegovina. The European Council urges all par-ties involved in the peace process to participate

Bull. EC 6-1992


fully and without further delay in the negotiationssponsored by the Conference.

Annex III

Declaration of the European Councilon the Middle East peace process

It Reference: Opening of the Middle East peace conference:Bull. EC 10-1991, point 1.3.

1.33. The European Council reaffirms its supportfor the peace process launched in Madrid inOctober 1991, which provides a unique oppor-tunity for peace. It is of paramount importance forthe world and Europe in particular, which has anessential role to play in the political and economicstability of the region. The European Council paystribute to the commitment and perseverance of theco-sponsors as well as to the wisdom and couragedisplayed by the parties directly involved.

The European Council has taken note of the resultsof the election in Israel. It believes that theseresults, which are an illustration of the democratictradition in Israel, will reinforce the peace processand the commitment to a just and lasting settle-ment. It hopes that the new Israeli Governmentas well as the Arab parties involved, will seize theopportunity to negotiate a comprehensive peace.

The European Council recognizes that it is for theparties to the dispute to establish the terms of asettlement, which, to be effective, must be freelynegotiated and agreed among them. But the Euro-pean Council reiterates its belief that for an agree-ment to prove just and lasting it will have to bebased on United Nations Security Council Resol-utions 242 and 338, which enshrine the principleof land for peace. It should provide for the securityof all States in the region, including Israel, withinrecognized and guaranteed borders, and for thePalestinian people to exercise their right to self-determination.

The European Council reiterates the need for allparties to commit themselves to the peace process,to refrain from all acts of violence and to avoidany action likely to endanger the negotiations, orto threaten the climate of confidence. It hopes thatthe new Israeli Government and the Arab partieswill act quickly to implement confidence-buildingmeasures. It looks forward to a halt to the buildingand expansion of Israeli settlements in the Occu-pied Territories, including East Jerusalem, whichare illegal under international law, and to fullapplication of the provisions of the Fourth GenevaConvention. The European Council also calls uponthe members of the Arab League to lift the boycott

Bull. EC 6-1992

of trade to Israel, which is incompatible with thespirit of the peace process.

The European Council reiterates the commitmentof the Community and its Member States to playa constructive and active role in the peace processin both its bilateral and multilateral tracks, basedon the Community s well-known positions of prin-ciple. Both Israel and her Arab neighbours can relyon Europe s commitment to building a future ofpeace and prosperity in the region in the light ofprogress achieved in the peace process.

The European Council reiterates the Communitywish for full implementation of Security CouncilResolution 425. It reaffirms its support for Leb-anon s independence, sovereignty, unity .and terri-torial integrity. It calls for the withdrawal of allforeign forces from Lebanon and for cooperationby the parties with the United Nations forces serv~ing there. The European Council believes that theLebanese people should be permitted to make theirviews known in elections which are held underconditions guaranteed to be free and fair.

Annex IV

Declaration by the European Councilon relations between Europe and theMaghrebIt Reference: Commission communication to the Council

'The future of relations between the Community andthe Maghreb' : Bull. EC 4-1992, point 1.4.

1.34. The European Council reaffirms its soli-darity with the Maghreb countries and its firmdetermination to continue its overall policy of con-tributing to the stability and prosperity of theMediterranean region on the basis of an approachfavouring partnership.

The Community and its Member States considerthat their relations with the Maghreb countriesmust be founded on a common commitment to:

(i) respect for international law, the principles ofthe United Nations Charter and the Resolutionsof the United Nations Security Council;

(ii) .respect for human rights and fundamentalfreedoms in civil, political, economic, social andcultural matters and for democratic values exem-plified by free and regular elections;

(iii) the establishment of democratic institutionalsystems guaranteeing pluralism, effective partici-

pation by citizens in the lives of their States andrespect for the rights of minorities;

(iv) tolerance and coexistence between culturesand religions.


The political dialogue between the European Com-munity and its Member States and the Maghrebcountries should permit a regular exchange ofinformation and greater mutual consultation onpolitical and security matters. Similarly, the Euro-pean Community and its Member States hope thatthis dialogue will as soon as possible extend toelected representatives and the social partners. TheCommunity and its Member States are also ready,at the appropriate time, to continue the dialogue

entered into with the AMU.

In the economic field, the European Council reiter-ates its support for the harmonious developmentof the Maghreb region with a view to its economicintegration, the introduction of true market econ-omies and the modernization of economic systems.

In this context the European Council, mindful ofthe possibilities for action already decided upon inthe context of the new Mediterranean policy, towhich the Community remains firmly committed,considers that a true Europe-Maghreb partnershipshould encourage the continuation of economicreforms and a substantial increase in private invest-ment, and more particularly joint ventures betweenfirms in Europe and the Maghreb, with a view topromoting job-creating activities.

The European Council states that the Communityis ready to playa full part in such an undertaking,in particular through financial cooperation,especially in the context of the new Mediterranean

policy, investment promotion, increased technicalcooperation in all areas of common interest andultimately, by stages, the setting up of a free-tradearea. The European Council notes that talks havealready made it possible to explore this approachwith Morocco and hopes that rapid progress canbe made along these lines. It proposes that a similarapproach be adopted towards other countries inthe region.

In the social field, the European Council considersthat priority consideration. must be given to theproblems raised on both .sides of the Mediter-ranean by:

(i) migration and the living and working con-ditions of migrant communities;(ii) demographic imbalances and the attendanteconomic and social disparities.

In the cultural field, the European Council con-siders that more exchanges, in particular of youngpeople, university students and staff, scientists andthose in the media, are vital for a better knowledgeand mutual understanding of peoples and culturesin Europe and the Maghreb.

Through the progressive attainment of the objec-tives cited, in particular that of partnership, theEuropean Council shows its firm determination toplace relations between Europe and the Maghrebon a footing which, in scale and intensity, is com~mensurate with the links forged by geography andby history.

Bull. EC 6-1992