18.04.23 Seite 1

Integration of Gender in EnDev - Kenya

Gender and Practitioners Meeting

December 12th – 13th 2011 – Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Anna Ingwe – MusunguDeutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbHPromotion of Private Sector Development in Agriculture Programme (PSDA)

18.04.23 Seite 2Page 2

Energizing Development Partnership

18.04.23 Seite 3Page 3

Kenyan experience – EnDev Program

Objective: To provide households, businesses and social institutions access to modern clean energy by provision of ICS in a sustainable manner

Scope: 12 districts (out of 72) in 3 focal areas

Funding: Dutch – German Partnership, E 5.95 million

Duration: 1st Phase Nov 2005 – June 20092nd Phase July 2009 – Dec 2012

Activities: Focus on building capacity to develop sustainable market for ICS (commercial approach)

Partners: Private sector – bring the service to the peopleGOK network – supervision & coordinationAgro industries/CBO/NGO – access to farmers/community Donor funded project – mainstream stove activities

18.04.23 Seite 4Page 4

18.04.23 Seite 5Page 5

Jiko kisasa stove

Jiko kisasa one pot

JIko kisasa portable

Jiko kisasa two pots

Jiko kisasa liner

3 USD

8 USD4 USD

8 USD

18.04.23 Seite 6Page 6

Rocket stove

Brick rocket stove

Clay Rocket Stove

10 – 175 USDsize & materials

5 – 10 USD

18.04.23 Seite 7Page 7

1. Traditional cooking practices – great burden to women and children

Health: exposure to IAP - causes respiratory diseases and increases earlychild mortality.

Poverty trap: Time consuming tasks as fuelwood collection keep women from generating additional income or children from going to school.

Security: While collecting fuelwood in distant areas (due to fuel shortage), women and children are at higher risk to become a victim of crime.

18.04.23

Why Address Gender Equality in Stove Work?

18.04.23 Seite 8Page 818.04.23

Why Address Gender Equality in Stove Work?

2. Labour division – women and men have different responsibilities and impacts on ICS work

Job creation: Women are seldom included in technical trainings on ICS

Key persons: Women and men are key persons for the successful dissemination of ICS: - Women built up good rapport to other women

- Men usually hold the money

18.04.23 Seite 9Page 9

Gender in EnDev Kenya

EnDev Kenya has focused on job creation for men and women rather than a common gender mainstreaming approach

Two program indicators: 35% income increase for women Employment - above-average

job creation for women

Important to recognize the different contributions and

roles of both genders

18.04.23 Seite 10Page 10

Project recognized women role in promotion, adoption and use of ICS Offer opportunity and encourage their contribution /participation

1. Micro level

Women are included at all levels of VC to increase the likelihood of ICS adoption and long term use

New groups include men and women Groups include old and young members to satisfy future needs

2. Meso level – women are targetted and involved in stove work as entrepreneurs and trainers along the VC

Approach

18.04.23 Seite 11Page 11

Areas of involvement - 1

Promotion /Marketing

Women-to-women communications about the advantages of ICS have high credibility and create more market for stoves while men are more free to expand the marketing radius

Women and men with good reputation and acceptable in the community are selected to spear head promotion activities locally (increasing awareness and creating demand for ICS )

Training

Women relate more easily, listen and trust their fellow women, however both recruited to train at any level of VC

Trainings done at the village to allow women to participate and be able to go back home, while men train users in far away villages

18.04.23 Seite 12Page 12

Areas of involvement - 2

Consumer education

As stove users, it is easy for women to teach their fellow women but both have opportunity to offer consumer education

M&E

Women play a key role in providing feedback and lessons learned in the improvement process. Both genders involved in monitoring and evaluation process

Capacity building along VC

To achieve sustainability and further scaling up, training is done for both men and women in stove production, marketing and installation

18.04.23 Seite 13Page 13

Results

Stove uptake on the rise

Kenya Stove Project: Stove sales trend 2006 - 2011

18.04.23 Seite 14Page 14

Stove production offers employment opportunities for women

Results

Nr

of tr

aine

d pe

ople

Employment of women and men in stove work June 2011

JK Producer RS BuilderJK Installer

18.04.23 Seite 15Page 15

Monthly income by gender of stove dealers

Kshs Men Women

500 - 5000 35% 49%

5.500 - 10.000 34% 32%

10.500 - 20.000 22.50% 12%

20.500 - 30.000 1% 4%

30.500 - 40.000 2.50% 3%

More than 40.500 5% -

Source : Project survey report, Sept /Oct. 2011

18.04.23 Seite 16Page 1618.04.23

Overall Impact of Stove Interventions on Women

Women empowerment

empowerment of women in business orientation and decision making

Participation in community meetings, giving opinion and contributing to the well being of the society

Improved quality of life (nutrition, health and education)

Increased availability of and access to income for women

18.04.23 Seite 17Page 17

Jiko kisasa stove producer

Jiko kisasa stove installer

Dr. Klingshirn visiting a producer group Nov 2011

18.04.23 Seite 18Page 18

Improved stove users

18.04.23 Seite 19Page 19

Policy

HHE sector is largely unregulated

Financing

Lack of access to finance for SME with special consideration to women needs (have nothing to offer for collateral, keep away)

Cultural norms

- firewood and domestic chores considered a woman´s problem

- firewood shortage not perceived as a problem

Challenges

18.04.23 Seite 20Page 2018.04.23

Limited opportunities for women

Most not well educated, are tied down with other family obligations (therefore cannot move as easily to distant places, but they seem to be very active otherwise)

Challenges for and among development partners

Lack of experience / know-how in stove dissemination

Carbon finance

Carbon finance often offers stove for free for short term profit, this distorts stove market development!! Conflict of interest between sustainability of the intervention and short-term profits

Challenges

18.04.23 Seite 21Page 2118.04.23

Commercial approach provide basis for sustainability of stove activities

Income generation opportunities remain a major motivation for continuation with multiple positive impacts on women

Recognizing the role of women, offering opportunity and encouraging their participation - will increase the likelihood of ICS adoption and long term use

Involvement of more stakeholders for broad mainstreaming of stove activities carries a greater chance of sustainability ( energy, health, environment, gender, agriculture)

Lessons Learnt

18.04.23 Seite 22Page 22

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) GmbH

Promotion of Private Sector Development in Agriculture

anna.ingwe@giz.de

www.giz.de

Thank you for your attention

t

Jiko Kisasa Stove in KenyaJiko Kisasa Stove in Kenya