17598753 architectural thesis of farm resort
TRANSCRIPT
1.1.1PROJECT TITLE
“Farm Resort”
Farm Resorts are farms that offer accommodation and dining
services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-
farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm
life experience.1
Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of
tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include
tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm
products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as
well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the
local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the
local people.
1.1.2DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The project calls for a plan upon 2.5 hectares (25,000 sq. meters)
of land that will bring together a private house, machinery zone,
animal grounds, agricultural fields and resort accommodations such as
conference center, food and beverage outlets, suites, swimming pool
and basketball court.
1.1.3PROPONENT
1
The project proponent is Dr. Emiliana S. Velasco. She is the
owner of the 2.5 hectare lot that will be the site of the project. She is a
retired Doctor of Dentistry, widow, and an active member of her
church.
The target market for this project is the general public, especially
people who frequently visit the bus terminals and rest areas of Sison as
they travel to and from Baguio and Manila.
1.1.4LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
The proposed project site is located within an arid region of
Sison, Pangasinan.
The lot is declared in the name of Emiliana Velasco, through Tax
Declaration No. 009-00020, with an area of twenty-five thousand
(25,000) square meters. The Declaration of Real Property is currently
filed under RA 7160.
The site consists of alluvial clay soil and igneous rocks,
originating from the sedimentation of the Cordillera mountain range,
covered with brush vegetation and various trees on its parameters.2
2
(cultivated portion of the site )
Sison has two (2) pronounced seasons, the wet and dry. Heavy
rainfall registered during the months of June to September. Average
monthly temperature is 27.88 degrees centigrade with the highest
occurring in January. Typhoons usually pass through Sison. These often
cause floods that destroy residential and agricultural lands and
structures.3
( a scenic view from the westernmost portion of the site )
The Municipality of Sison lies within the latitude 16 deg 11' and
longitude 12 deg and 39' east. It is geographically located on the
northern portion of Pangasinan lying within the provincial boundaries of
La Union and Benguet. It has a total land area of 13,788 hectares or
137.88 square kilometers. It is bounded on the north of Rosario, La
3
Union; on the south by Pozorrubio, Pangasinan; on the southeast by
San Manuel and Binalonan, Pangasinan.4
The municipality is approximately 200 kilometers north of Manila,
50 kilometers south of San Fernando, La Union, where the regional
office of the national government agencies in Region I are located, 53
kilometers east of Lingayen (via Pozorrubio), the capital of Pangasinan,
and 43 kilometers south of Baguio City.5
Its slope ranges from 0-15% moderately undulate and roll in
many directions.6
The site is bounded by a vacant lot on the North, a vacant lot on
the East, agricultural land on the South, and a creek on the West.7
(The creek, which serves as the western boundary)
1.2.1 THE NEED
The presence of numerous bus terminals, gasoline stations and
food houses makes Sison an official “rest area” for weary travelers
between Baguio City and Metro Manila. Other than the obvious
presence of supporting infrastructure which would make this endeavor
4
a success, the Municipal Government of Sison has plans to develop
eco-tourism projects such as this.
1.2.2SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
The Client is a devout Catholic and very active in her church.
She is also displeased with the growing number of bars along the
National Highway in Sison, and the reputation that they bring to the
municipality. For this reason, she envisions a Christian centered oasis
for relaxation and wholesome family fun where visitors could observe
and appreciate the simplicity of life on a farm.
MAJOR GOALS
To design a farm resort for the existing site with good visual
profiles, aesthetic appeal and emphasis on functional, non-destructive
use of all site features, including maximum use of natural lighting and
ventilation. To plan working, living and recreational areas to conform to
space and priority needs. Develop progressive realization of all
facilities, so that not all are visible from one vantage point.
OBJECTIVES
1. Provide stimulating, casual atmosphere for family and
guests
2. Locate private and public areas in a sequence to avoid user
conflicts
3. Position buildings and facilities for minimum environmental
impact.
5
4. Relate interior living areas to exterior space functionally.
5. Plan circulation patterns for both vehicular and pedestrian
traffic.
6. Provide courtyard for seasonal use.
7. Plan for both interior and exterior dining facilities.
8. Use natural contemporary lines and materials consistent
with site.
1.2.3SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The project is significant to society, because it is well known that
the young are migrating away in droves from rural settlements. They
leave behind the old who have no choice except to farm. They also say
goodbye to the children who have no capability for an independent
choice. Modernization has created a social “black hole,” mindlessly
destroying anything that smacks of rural culture. To be sustainable,
agriculture has to be culturally sensitive and empowering and should
nurture the cultural renaissance of the countryside.8 The introduction
of a farm resort is one solution to making agriculture “culturally
sensitive and empowering” in the low social level of barangay Asan
Sur, Sison, Pangasinan.
The project is significant to the client, because she wishes to
create a legacy that will benefit the municipality and her children. She
sees that the project is a good way to make money, but the beauty and
serenity of the project interest her more.
6
The project is significant to the researcher, because he will learn
to deal with actual problems, which may be encountered in the process
of programming, designing, developing and possibly implementing the
project. The professional growth and maturity that the researcher will
gain from the conceptualization to the defense of this challenging and
worthwhile project is immense. The researcher has the added
incentive that the knowledge gained and possible implementation of
the project may one day benefit his town mates in Asan Sur, Sison,
Pangasinan.
1.3.1HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ON THE BUILDING TYPE
A farm is the basic unit in agriculture. It is a section of land
devoted to the production and management of food, either produce or
livestock. The land and buildings of a farm are called the farmstead.
In the UK, farm as an agricultural unit, always denotes the area of
pasture and other fields together with its farmhouse and farmyeard,
barns, cowsheds, stables, etc.
It may be an enterprise owned and operated by a single individual,
family, or community, or it may be owned by a corporation or
company. A farm can be a holding of any size from a fraction of a
hectare to several thousand hectares. In England there is a vague point
when a large farm ceases to be referred to as a farm and becomes an
7
estate; although this term can refer to a collection of farms in the same
ownership.
The word has its roots in the Anglo-Saxon word feorm, which
relates to provisioning and food supply, and was originally indicative of
a form of taxation, whereby goods or monetary equivalents were liable
to the king. Over time, this taxation was translated into a form of rental
tax.
Enterprises where livestock are raised on rangeland are called
ranches. Where livestock are raised in confinement on feed produced
elsewhere, the term feedlot is usually used. A truck farm is a farm that
raises vegetables, but little or no grain. Truck is an archaic word for
vegetables. Orchard is used for enterprises producing tree fruits or
nuts, and vineyard is used for enterprises producing raisins, wine or
table grapes. The stable is used for operations principally involved in
the production of horses and other animals and livestock.
A farm that is primarily used for the production of milk and dairy
is a dairy farm.
The development of farming and farms was an important
component in establishing towns. Once a people move from hunting
and collecting and from simple horticulture to active farming, social
arrangements of roads, distribution, collection, and marketing can
evolve. With the exception of plantations and colonial farms, farm sizes
tend to be small in newly settled lands and to extend as transportation
8
and markets become sophisticated. Farming rights have been central
to a number of revolutions, wars of liberation, and post-colonial
economics.9
1.3.2BRIEF DESCRIPTION & HISTORY OF THE PROJECT
The purpose and function of the project is to boost tourism,
income and perhaps create a paradigm that other rural land owners
may follow.
The concept of the project came about, because the 2.5 hectares
of the project site is actually owned by the researcher’s maternal
grandmother. The researcher’s father, who has worked abroad for
many years, is presently managing the current meager developments
upon the land. As the son of a poor tenant farmer, he acquired a love
for the land at a young age, and finds great joy in farming. There are
well-known precedents for promoting natural spaces to alleviate stress,
especially in cities. They are usually in the public form of botanical
gardens and parks, here and abroad. Burnham Park (Baguio City) and
Central Park (New York City) are two examples. The researcher started
researching on farming and came upon information on “hobby farms”,
which is a small, manageable farm-type which is very popular in
Australia. Through internet inquiry, the researcher found that many
people shared this “love of the land” and were sharing that intimacy by
creating farm resorts. The researcher also found supporting
information on “eco-tourism” and “agro-tourism”, which complements
9
the information on farm resorts. Furthermore, it was during a Planning
3 class that the researcher was introduced to the ideas of the urban
visionary, Doxiadis. He states that “human settlements in relation to
urban areas may no longer be satisfactory for their inhabitants.”10 So,
if the urban areas may no longer be enough, there is nowhere else to
go except to the rural areas. And, that is how the idea for the proposed
farm resort was born. The client, Emiliana S. Velasco, was approached
by the researcher with the idea to develop her 25,000 sq. meters into a
farm resort, and it was enthusiastically approved.
1.3.2PRELIMINARY CONCEPT OF THE PROJECT
In order to establish a preliminary concept, Dr. Emiliana S.
Velasco, was interviewed and asked about her ancestry. It was noted
that she was of both Chinese and Filipino heritage. With this
information it was decided to use combinations of the circle and square
throughout the design. In feng-sui, the Chinese art of geomancy, the
circle alone symbolises heavenly blessing. The square alone is good
because it symbolises posterity. When these symbols are combined
they represent “heaven and earth”.10 This is exactly the kind of image
that should be portrayed in a Christian-centered resort. It should be a
heaven on earth. The dualistic approach to the design will “marry”
10
Filipino to Chinese, nature to technology, heaven to earth, Christianity
to Feng-sui, and the circle to square. This is the preliminary concept.
1.4.1SCOPE OF WORK
The proposed project covers architectural planning, designing,
and programming. In its architectural programming, the design of the
Farm Resort will be limited to the needs and working areas of the
present and expected future annual increase in the number of visitors
and employees. It will also entail the planning of a sewage treatment
plant that will handle wastes coming from the main resort building,
owner’s residence and livestock pens. The proposed project shall only
deal with:
The “Farm Resort” that should cater to the immediate needs of the
farmers, tourists, and town people within the vicinity located at
Asan Sur, Sison, Pangasinan. The site development and
implementation of the facilities will take into account circulation and
proper zoning of areas. Planning and designing of all the facilities to
be developed within the perimeter of the proposed project, and will
include:
• Main Residence
• Conference Hall
• Office Area
• Grocery
• Agricultural building
11
• Restrooms (M/F)
• Guest rooms
• Sports facilities / Swimming pool
• Utility and Service Areas
• Parking
• Walkways / Driveways
• Landscaping
• Future expansion in the form of cottages
• Sewage treatment plant
The National Building Code of the Philippines and other National
Codes will serve as the criterion of planning the Proposed Farm Resort.
1.4.2DELIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT
Graphical presentations include the schemes, preliminary and
final architectural drawings of the proposed Farm Resort, which include
the owner’s house, agricultural building, recreational building with food
and beverage counter. Other areas such as landscape developments,
agricultural fields, sports facilities, livestock shelters, parking areas,
and driveways shall be included and reflected in the Master Plan.
Design form will follow function.
12
1.4.3METHODS OF RESEARCH
The proposed project requires a systematic gathering of data and
effective coordination with the project proponent and the Municipal
Government of Sison to execute an effective architectural solution.
Interviews of Dr. Emiliana S. Velasco, have revealed much in forming
the preliminary concept of the proposed Farm Resort. Internet
researching has revealed much information pertinent to farm resorts
and their keys to success. Optical inspection and government
documents of the actual site has given much information to serve as
further guidance for the design of the proposed Farm Resort.
A survey was also conducted among citizens of Sison,
Pangasinan, Baguio and foreign students of SLU to get their input
about their attitudes and expectations of resort complexes. This
information is also important to make features and amenities of the
resort more in tune with the target market. Results of surveys
conducted by the Department of Tourism were also included to make a
more accurate analysis.
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Farm - the basic unit in agriculture. It is a section of land devoted to
the production and management of food, either produce or livestock.
Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of
tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include
13
tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm
products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as
well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the
local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the
local people.
Agri-Tourism/Farm Site - is a working farm producing and/or
showcasing raw and/or processed products.
Day Farm - are farms ideal for day tours/visits usually located near
national highways and main business area.
Farm Resort - are farms that offer accommodation and dining
services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-
farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm
life experience.
Farm Tour - refers to the activity of visiting an agri-tourism/farm site
on a day tour, overnight stay or longer period of time for the purpose
of participating in or enjoying farm activities and other attractions
offered.
Farm Product/s - refers to fresh and processed products of the farm.
DOT - the Department of Tourism.
Accreditation - a certification issued by the Department that the
holder is recognized by the Department as having complied with its
minimum standards in the operation of the establishment concerned
14
which shall ensure the safety, comfort and convenience of the
tourists.12
NOTES
1 Department of Tourism, Rules and Regulations
2 The Official Sison web site @ http://elgu2.ncc.gov.ph/sison
3 ibid
4 ibid
5 ibid
6 ibid
7 TAX DECLARATION # 009-00020
8 Nicanor Perlas, Seven Dimensions of Sustainable Agriculture
9 Wikipedia : definition of farm
10 Dr. Evelyn Lip, Feng Shui for Business, p.45
11 Department of Tourism, Rules and Regulations., chapter 1
12 ibid
15
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1.1General Information / Issues on Building Type
2.1.2EXAMPLES
2.1.2.1 Foreign Example
Overbury Farm Resort, accommodations is on beautiful Thetis
Island, southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia( BC ), Canada. Choose
from our wide variety of self catering and rental accommodation for
your family vacation. In addition to our cabin rental and lodging we
host and cater weddings and celebrations and offer facilities for
retreats, reunions and conferences. As a guest at our resort you will
enjoy our exclusive, tranquil 14 acre waterfront setting, gardens and
farm as well as our fine accommodations. All in our perfect secluded
yet convenient location in the Southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia
(BC), Canada.
16
Beautiful Thetis Island, nestled in the southern Gulf Islands
Thetis provides the perfect setting for your vacation. Combining rural
seclusion with convenience to the major tourism centers of the Pacific
Northwest Thetis lies nestled amongst the idyllic Gulf Islands of British
Columbia ( bc ), Canada.
Overbury Farm Resort is a quiet, unspoiled oceanfront property of 14
acres with three sheltered beaches. It has been, since 1910, the home
of the Forbes family who farmed here until the 1930's, when the farm
failed in the Depression, Rupert Forbes turned his hand to building
summer cottages for vacation rental from the lumber salvaged from
the farm buildings. The four cabins he constructed still stand and have
served up to three generations of guests. Rupert's grandson Norm and
his wife Arlene took over in 1990 and have continued to upgrade the
historic resort. They have also started a vineyard, and are developing a
farm-gate winery. There now exist 10 housekeeping cabins and lodging
units in all. The farm also includes an organic vegetable garden and
beautiful flower gardens.
17
The Overbury Farm Resort main lodge
The Crescent Point Cottages
The Crescent Point Cottages were built in 1983 with all the
conveniences of home and are perfectly suited to both summer and
winter occupation. They are located in a secluded meadow with their
own beach access. These beautiful cedar waterfront cottages are
arranged so each enjoys a private southwestern view of the ocean.
There are four cottages, named after Rupert Forbes' first four
granddaughters, Shannon, Kirsten, Sarah and Samantha.
18
Facilities
The cottages are laid out with similar floor plans and include:
• Living room with queen sized sofa bed and woodstove.
• Adjoining dining area.
• Two bedrooms, with queen sized bed in one and twin beds in the
other.
• Modern kitchen with electric range.
• Tiled bathroom with tub and shower.
• The cottages have good passive solar design for winter warmth
and summer cool.
19
• Electric heat in addition to the woodstove.
• In addition to the generous 650 sq. foot floor area a spacious
wrap around sundeck with picnic table provides extra living
space and a spot to relax and enjoy your sea view.
• All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, bedding and towels
are supplied. Bring your own beach towels.
Rates
High season rates are: $855 per week for up to four persons.
The daily rate is $150 for up to four persons. Additional guests are $30
per night or $120 per week.
High season is from May15th until after September 30th. Off
season rates
$85 per night for one person. $95 per night for two persons.
$105 per night for three or four persons.
Floor plans
20
The Summer Cottages are four rustic cottages in the historic tradition
of summer cabins. They were built in the 1930's and have endeared
themselves to three generations of guests.
• 1 is Clair's Cottage.
• 2 is Mervyn's Manor.
• 3 is The Roost.
• 4 is Corny Penny.
21
Facilities
• Simple summer cottages.
• Two bedrooms with additional sleeping space on the covered
verandah.
• Refrigerators and showers for each cabin are located centrally.
• fresh air cooler , cold tap and outhouse at the cabin.
• Lighting by oil lamp.
• All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, pillows. Bring your
own bedding and towels.
Rates
22
$450 per week for up to four persons. Additional guests are $15 per
night or $60 per week.No PST.
Available in the high season , from June 30th until after Labor day
and as part of wedding packages.
Summer Cottage Floor plans
Clair's Cottage
Mervyn's Manor
23
The Roost
Corny Penny
24
Dad's House
Dad's House was built in 1959 by Rupert Forbes for his retirement.
This is a larger unit providing secluded accommodation for larger
families or groups, or just more space for those who need it. The house
suits both winter and summer occupation.
25
Facilities
• Living room with hide-a-bed and fireplace.
• Electric heating.
• One large bedroom and three smaller ones.
• Modern kitchen and bathroom.
• Covered verandah.
• All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, and pillows are
supplied.
26
Rates
High season rates are: $855 per week for up to four persons.
The daily rate is $150 for up to four persons. Additional guests are $30
per night or $120 per week.
High season is from May15th until after September 30th.
Floor plan
27
Resort plan:
28
2.1.2.2 Local Examples
29
www.thequietplace.com
Set on 25 hectares of sloping terrain fringed with trees, The Quiet Place
Farm Resort is part of a fully functioning agricultural estate in Bago
City, an area planted mostly to rice in the largely sugar producing
province of Negros Occidental. The resort offers a unique opportunity
to experience rural life in the tropics without the sacrifice of comfort.
Twenty-six air- conditioned rooms with modern conveniences and a full-
service restaurant ensure a pleasant, enjoyable and comfortable stay.
There is also the resort's Ayo Spa and Wellness Center offering a menu
of Asian and Filipino health traditions using tropical oils and essences
produced on site or in neighboring communities. For less quiet pursuits
at the resort, there is a swimming pool, several open air pavilions for
parties and events of 30 to 200, an air- conditioned meeting room for
40, a library with a computer with internet connection, a children's play
park, a camping ground, a hiking trail, fishing, boating, billiards, table
tennis and other board games, barbecue pits for outdoor picnics and
rows upon rows of orchids, bromeliads and heliconia to enjoy.
ACCOMODATIONS
30
The air becomes suffused with the heady scent of Ylang-Ylang at
night amidst a soft orchestra by crickets and frogs. And early in the
morning, the birds mount a soothing concert. Experience these when
staying at the resort. Twenty-six guestrooms furnished in muted tones
are ready to make each stay comfortable, pleasant, rejuvenating and
unique.
Garden Rooms
The Garden Rooms are in a two-storey building located right
beside the Reception. Each of these rooms has a private balcony and
is equipped with an air-conditioner, a single and a double bed, a
private bathroom with hot and cold water, a color television with local
and cable channels.
31
Tree Lane Rooms
Nestled in a row of eucalyptus and mahogany trees, the resort's
sixteen Tree Lane Rooms are slightly off-the-track and offer tranquil
and cool comfort. Housed in a long, two-storey building, its corner
rooms are equipped with queen-sized beds, while the rest of the 12
rooms have one single and one double bed. All Tree Lane Rooms have
individual air-conditioners and private bathrooms with hot and cold
water. Televisions may be provided upon request.
Pavilion Rooms
Ideal for families or a small group of friends, the resort's six Pavilion
Rooms are located nearest the swimming pool. Each is equipped with
an in-dividual air-conditioner, two double beds and a bathroom with
separate shower and toilet areas. Televisions may be provided upon
request.
32
THE RESTAURANT
The resort's chef can whip up a feast of Filipino, Asian & Continental
fare, perked up by herbs grown on the resort's gardens. Popular dishes
are given a twist. There is our own version of the Bistek Tagalog, which
we christened Beefsteak Tabunan. The Oriental Chicken is sauteed in
hoisin sauce with mushrooms and bamboo shoots. Steamed Fish Fillets
come topped in a piquant Balinese sauce or with the chef's own
concoction of ginger- garlic sauce. Savor the flavors in the relaxed
ambience of the open air Restaurant Pavilion overlooking the pool and
the gazebo, while serenaded by a live orchestra of birdsongs. There's
nothing like a melodious way to the heart. The resort's kitchen can
33
cater to any party and event, be it a buffet dinner for a wedding with
200 guests, cocktails for an art exhibit opening or product
presentation, a theme dinner for a special group or set meals for
seminars and workshops.
ASSEMBLY HALLS
Bago Room
If business must be mixed with pleasure, the air-conditioned Bago
Room can host a meeting for forty. Located in the Reception Pavilion,
the Bago Room is named after the city where the resort is located.
Memorabilia from the city's historic past adorn its walls. To inject some
fun into your next planning meeting, we suggest including an outdoor
activity to test physical fitness. The Play Park near the Bago Room is
not strictly for children below 12 years old.
Main Pavilion
The open-air Main Pavilion transforms itself easily for various
occasions: art exhibits, product launches, company outings,
workshops, seminars, weddings, baptisms and family reunions. Elegant
candlelit dinner affairs for up to 200 persons can be arranged.
34
Other Pavilions
Let your hearts be bound together under the cover of trees,
surrounded by an explosion of tropical color and scents at The Whisper
Corner. Meditate on the meaning of life amidst the lush vegetation at
the Silent Woods. Enjoy the company of friends in a barbecue party in
one of the resort's barbecue pits deep in the forest and right next to
the rice paddies, or at one of the lakeside huts. The close proximity to
nature is an experience that will enhance your special moments.
RESORT ADDRESS:
Km. 14 Barangay Tabunan, Bago City, Negros Occidental, 6101
Philippines
Telephone Number: + 63 34 731 0100
35
THINGS TO DO
Engage your senses with a walk through a path in a forest of tropical
trees, alive with the singing of birds and the rustle of the leaves as the
wind gently weaves through them. Pass by verdant rice fields carved
from the gently sloping hills and through rows of sugarcane and
banana trees and allow your eyes to relax as they feast on nature's
palette in various shades of green, brown and gold. Nourish the spirit in
a garden filled with the heady scent and color of tropical blooms.
Worship the sun by the free-form swimming pool. Get on board a small
boat named Courage and glide through a lake covered with hyacinth
and teeming with fish. Find a quiet corner to read a book. Gather duck
eggs and pick mushrooms at the crack of dawn. Go for a game of
billiards or table tennis, boating on the lake or biking through the
36
paved path walks. Test your energy levels at the Children's Play Park.
Within the peaceful and tranquil environment of this green sanctuary,
embark on a two-way communion with nature.
37
Guard House (main entrance)
Children's Playground Restaurant and
Shower Rooms Island on Man
Made Lake Tree Lane Rooms (11-
27 rooms) Gazebo
Lakeside Huts Garden Rooms (7-10
rooms) Silent Woods
Pavillion and Pavillion Rooms (1-6 rooms)
Acacia Shade Duck House
Reception and Function Rooms
Whisper Corner Barbecue Pits
Shop Swimming Pool Mushroom House Legend:
WaterRicefield
Trees
Banana Tree Sugar Cane
38
Villa Escudero......
An interesting two hour drive South from Metro Manila brings you to
one of the Philippines most popular getaways, Villa Escudero, where
Philippine culture and history comes to life.
39
History
Villa Escudero is a working coconut plantation founded in 1872. In
1980 the Escudero family opened the plantation to the general public.
Since then Villa Escudero has developed a worldwide reputation as a
focal point to experience Philippine culture and history in a beautiful
rural setting.
cultural show AERA museum waterfall restaurant swimming pool
rafting recreation hall souvenir shop snack bar
Day Visits
40
Convenient, refreshing escapes from the hustle and bustle of Metro
Manila, recharge your batteries, enjoy a variety of fun filled activities
and lunch at the famous Waterfall Restaurant.
41
Overnight Stay
Enjoy an overnight stay with a choice of three styles of
accommodations
• Riverside Cottages
• Long House Garden Units
• Long House Garden Suites
Dinner with nightly entertainment is served in the Coconut Pavilion
from 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Following a restful sleep enjoy breakfast
served from 7:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m.
42
Conferences and Special Events
The Villa Escudero Conference Center is the perfect place for a
company conference or special event. The Center features a main hall,
which can accommodate up to 200 participants or can be divided into
two smaller sections. Ample breakout and food service areas are
incorporated into the Center.
43
Weddings
Wedding service includes ceremony at the Chapel of the
Ascencion, transportation of the bride and groom by horse drawn
carriage, and reception at the Wedding Center dramatically set in the
midst of a lush tropical garden.
2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA
Some of the principles of passive and low energy
architecture shall be incorporated into the building designs of the
proposed Farm Resort. In a hot and humid region (Sison, Pangasinan),
effective solar control is necessary, but what is essential is how to
achieve the air stream inside and through the built environment, in
order to have effective ventilation cooling.
Energy efficiency in cooling and day lighting has been a main
concern of the owner, because she wants to save money as well as
have comfortable living arrangements for her, her family, workers, and
guests. The following list is the set of design guidelines of
passive and low energy architecture that will be incorporated in
the proposed farm resort project.
44
1. MASS – Mass stores heat to stable room temperature. For
heating in winter, solar heat is absorbed in daytime and released
at night. For cooling in summer, mass is cooled in nighttime and
keeps room cool in the daytime.
2. SOLAR GLAZING – The solar window or solar collector to inlet
solar heat positively.
3. SHADING – Solar insulation in summer is blocked and heat
penetration into building is prevented.
4. CROSS VENTILATION – Air ventilation lets fresh air in and
exhausts hot room air out. Air movement promotes heat
emission from the human body surface and gives a fresh feeling.
5. SIDE LIGHTING – High sidelighting is effective to distribute the
illumination homogeneously. The sun control is necessary
depending on the window orientation.
OVERHANG PROTECTION
The angle of the sun differs in summer and in winter Therefore,
roof overhangs can be designed with a length and angle that will shade
windows in summer (hottest months) and allow the sun to enter during
the winter (coolest months). Since the Philippines is a tropical country,
the main concern is in shielding the interior from the summer sun at
midday.
45
The way to calculate the roof overhang is:
ROOF = LATITUDE X WINDOW HEIGHT (inches) OVERHANG 50
ROOF = 16 o X 96” = 30.72” = 78 cm. OVERHANG 50
46
This is the minimum calculated overhang to be placed on the
proposed buildings, but since the rains are very heavy during the
monsoon season, we shall propose an extension to 1 meter overhang.
National Building Code of the Philippines
All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto
shall conform in all respects to the principles of safe construction and
must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed.
Buildings or structures and all part thereof as well as all facilities
found therein shall be maintained in safe, sanitary and good working
condition.3
The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or
structure, or any ancillary of auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary,
hygienic and safe. In the case of sites or building intended for use as
human habitation or abode, the same shall be at safe distance, as
determined by competent authorities, from streams or bodies of water
and/or sources of air considered to be polluted; from a volcano or
volcanic site and/or any other building considered to be a potential
source of fire or explosion.4
Building proposed for construction shall be identified according
to their use or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as
follows:
Group B – Residential, Hotels and apartments
Group C – Education and Recreation
47
The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building
shall be dependent upon the character of use or occupancy and the
type of construction, considering end-user population density, light and
ventilation, width of RROW/ streets particularly of its
roadway/carriageway component, building bulk, off-street cum off-site
parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan and
zoning regulations as well as other environmental consideration, e.g.,
geological, hydrological, meteorological topographical, prevailing traffic
conditions, the availability and capacity of public utility/service
systems, etc.
Table VII.2 Building Height Limit of Agricultural/Agro-Industrial/
Tourism is 15 meters (or must complement the duly-approved BHL in
the major zone it is part of). The building/structure height shall be
measured from the highest adjoining public sidewalk (finished grade)
or ground surface (natural grade); provided; that the height measured
from the lowest adjoining surface shall not exceed such maximum
height by more than 3.00 meters. Except, that towers, spires, and
steeples, erected as parts of the building and not used for habitation
or storage are limited as to the height only by structural design, if
completely of incombustible materials, or may extend but not exceed
600 meters above the prescribed building height limit (BHL) for each
occupancy group.5
48
Whenever available, the potable water requirements for a building
used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or
city waterworks system.
The quality of drinking water from meteoric, surface or
underground sources shall conform to the criteria set in the latest
approved national Standards for Drinking Water.
The design, construction and operation of deep well for the
abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the provisions of the
Water Code of the Philippines.6
Determination of Occupant Loads. The occupant load
permitted in any building or portion thereof shall be determined by
dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the unit area allowed
per occupant as determined by the Secretary.
Exit Requirements. Exit requirements of a building or portion
thereof used for different purposes shall be determined by the
occupant load that gives the largest number of persons. No
obstruction shall be placed in the required width of an exit except
projections permitted by this Code.
Number of Exits. Every building or usable portion thereof shall
have at least one exit. In all occupancies, floors above the first storey
having an occupant load of more than 10 shall have not lass than two
exits. Each mezzanine floor used for purposes other than storage, and
if greater in area than 185 square meters or more than 18.00 meters in
49
any dimension shall have at least two stairways to an adjacent floor.
Every storey or portion thereof, having an occupant load of 500 to 999
shall have at least three exits. Every storey or portion thereof having
an occupant load of 1000 or more shall have at least four (4) exits.
Width. The total width of exits in meters shall not be less than
the total occupant load served divided by 165. Such width of exits
shall be divided approximately equally among the separate exits.
Arrangement of Exits. If only two exits are required they shall
be placed a distance apart not less than one-fifth of the perimeter of
the area served measured in a straight line between exits. Where
three or more exits are required they shall be arranged a reasonable
distance apart so that if one becomes blocked, the others will be
available.
Distance to Exits. No point in a building without a sprinkler
system shall be more than 45.00 meters from an exterior exit door, a
horizontal exit, exit passageway, or an enclosed stairway, measured
along the line of travel. In a building equipped with a complete
automatic fire extinguishing system the distance from exits may be
increased 60.00 meters.
Fire-Extinguishing System. Where required, standard
automatic fire-extinguishing systems shall be installed in the following
places and in the manner provided in this code.
50
In every storey, basement or cellar with an area of 200 square
meters or more, which is used for habitation, recreation, dining, study,
or work, and which has an occupant load of more than 20.
SEPTIC TANK
Where public sewerage system is not available, outfalls from the
residence, schools, and other buildings shall be discharged following
the minimum requirements.
a. It shall be generally rectangular in shape. When a number of
compartments are used, the first compartment shall have a
capacity from one half to two third of the total volume of the
tank.
b. It shall be built by the concrete, whether pre-cast or poured in
place, brick, concrete block or adobe may be used.
c. It shall not be constructed under the building and within 25
meters from the source of water supply.
Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent
The effluent from the septic tank shall be discharged into a field
subsurface soil absorption field where applicable or shall be treated
with some type of purification service. The treated effluent will
discharge into stream or body of water if it is conforming to the quality
standards prescribed by the National Water Air Pollution Control
Commission.
Solid Waste Disposal
51
Solid waste disposal shall be by sanitary landfill, incineration,
composting, and other methods as may be approved by competent
government authority.
Disposal Sites
The location of solid waste disposal sites shall conform to
existing zoning, land use standards, and pollution control regulations.
Water Pumping for Building/Structures
a. Installation of pumping equipment to supply
buildings/structures directly from existing water supply
system shall not be allowed. An underground water tank or
cistern must be filled by gravity flow from the water supply
system, from where pumps can be installed.
b. To maintain water pressure in all floors of a building/structure,
the following systems may be used:
• Overhead tank supply – may be installed above the roof
supported by the building/structure or on a separate
tower. Water tanks shall be provided with a vent and
an overflow pipe leading to a storm drain and shall be
fully covered.
• Pneumatic tank – an unfired pressure vessel, initially full
of air, into which water from main is pumped. A suitable
pressure switch shall stop the pump when pressure
required is attained. Tank shall be designed for twice
52
the maximum total dynamic pressure required. An air
volume control device shall be installed to maintain
correct air volume inside the tank.
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM GUIDELINES:
53
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM
MANILA
RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN
THE ACCREDITATION OF
AGRI-TOURISM / FARM SITE
PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 292
DATED JULY 25, 1987, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS “ADMINISTRATIVE CODE
OF 1987” SPECIFICALLY TITLE XIII, BOOK IV THEROF, THE FOLLOWING
RULES AND REGULATIONS ARE HEREBY PROMULGATED TO GOVERN
THE ACCREDITATION OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITE.
CHAPTER I
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 1. Definition of Terms. When used in these Rules, unless the
context otherwise indicates, the following terms shall mean as follows:
Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of
tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include
tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm
products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as
well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the
local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the
local people.
54
Agri-Tourism/Farm Site - is a working farm producing and/or
showcasing raw and/or processed products.
Day Farm - are farms ideal for day tours/visits usually located near
national highways and main business area.
Farm Resort - are farms that offer accommodation and dining
services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-
farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm
life experience.
Farm Tour - refers to the activity of visiting an agri-tourism/farm site
on a day tour, overnight stay or longer period of time for the purpose
of participating in or enjoying farm activities and other attractions
offered.
Farm Product/s - refers to fresh and processed products of the farm.
DOT or Department – is the Department of Tourism
Accreditation - is a certification issued by the Department officially
recognizing the holder as having complied with the minimum
standards and requirements prescribed by the Department for the
operation and maintenance of farms/agri-tourism sites.
CHAPTER II
CATEGORIES OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITES
Section 2. Categories of Agri-Tourism/Farm Sites. For purposes of
accreditation, agri-tourism/farm sites are categorized as follows,
namely:
55
a. Day Farm
b. Farm Resort
CHAPTER III
MINIMUM STANDARD REQUIREMENTS
Section 3. Minimum Standard Requirements. For purposes of
accreditation, the following are the minimum standard requirements
for the operation and maintenance of agri-tourism/farm sites:
Location. The farm shall be situated in a generally safe and peaceful
location.
Facilities/Amenities (for day and farm resorts). The farm shall
have the following facilities/amenities, or can also be available in the
nearest service area at least not more than two hours drive from the
farm, in addition to the existing facilities necessary for its regular
operation:
1. Reception/Information Counter - an info counter or a reception
area shall be designated where guests can inquire about the farm’s
tour offerings, services or amenities. It can also serve as briefing area
for the tour.
2. Parking - parking area with designated drop-off/loading area shall
be provided for buses and other public as well as private vehicles.
3. Dining/Multi-Purpose Area - there shall be a dining, recreational
and activity area for guests. Picnic grounds shall use outdoor fixtures
made of indigenous materials in keeping with the farm setting.
56
4. Farm Guide - Farm guides shall accompany the tour group during
the entire conduct of the farm tour. They shall provide information on
farm operations, processes, products and other unique features of the
farm.
5. Souvenir Shop/ Mini-Trading Area - There shall be a souvenir
shop or mini-trading post to provide guests with a place to purchase
the farm’s produce (fresh or processed) and/or negotiate for possible
business partnerships or transactions.
6. Accommodation (for farm resorts only) - There shall be
accommodation facilities which shall comply with the minimum
standard requirements of an accommodation facility of the DOT.
7. Restaurant (for farm resorts only) - There shall be a restaurant
or catering service within the farm resort’s premises to cater to the
dining needs of visitors / guests.
8. Infrastructure - Support infrastructure facilities shall be in place
such as road, electricity, water and communication.
CHAPTER IV
GENERAL RULES ON THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITES
Section 4. Operation. The farm shall be in operation for at least three
(3) months in a year.
Section 5. Safety and Security. To ensure safety and security, the
following shall be available:
57
a. Security Personnel - Security personnel shall be on duty on a 24-
hour basis to ensure the safety of guests;
b. Safety Signages - Appropriate safety signages shall be conspicuously
displayed within agri-tourism/farm site;
c. “Off Limit” Areas - “Off Limit” areas shall be clearly demarcated.
Access to these areas shall be roped-off or blocked. Public areas shall
be specifically designated;
d. Fire Fighting Facilities - There shall be fire fighting facilities within the
farm;
e. First Aid Kit - A well-stocked first aid kit shall be made available at all
times;
f. Farm Equipment – Farm equipment shall have proper parking or
storage areas. Farm equipment, purposely put on display, shall be
roped-off from visitors.
Section 6. Sanitation. The following sanitary facilities shall be
provided:
a. Wash Areas - There shall be designated wash areas within the farm
with ample amenities such as continues flow of clean water, soap,
hand towel or tissue paper.
b. Restrooms - There shall be separate clean and well-maintained
restrooms for male and female. Bathrooms shall also be provided, if
applicable.
c. Garbage Cans - There shall be garbage cans in all activity areas.
58
d. Garbage Disposal/Waste Management - Garbage/waste disposal
shall adhere to sustainable methods and techniques geared towards
environmental protection.
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM
MANILA
RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN THE ACCREDITATION OF
HOTELS, TOURISTS INNS, MOTELS, APARTELS, RESORTS,
PENSION
HOUSES AND OTHER ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS
PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 120 IN
RELATION TO REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE
LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991 ON THE DEVOLUTION OF DOT'S
REGULATORY FUNCTION OVER TOURIST ESTABLISHMENTS, THE
FOLLOWING RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN THE
ACCREDITATION OF ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS ARE HEREBY
PROMULGATED.
59
CHAPTER I
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 1. Definition. For purposes of these Rules, the following shall
mean:
a. Hotel – a building, edifice or premises or a completely independent
part thereof, which is used for the regular reception, accommodation or
lodging of travelers and tourist and the provision of services incidental
thereto for a fee.
b. Resort – any place or places with pleasant environment and
atmosphere conducive to comfort, healthful relaxation and rest,
offering food, sleeping accommodation and recreational facilities to the
public for a fee or remuneration.
c. Tourist Inn – a lodging establishment catering to transients which
does
not meet the minimum requirements of an economy hotel.
d. Apartel – any building or edifice containing several independent
and
furnished or semi-furnished apartments, regularly leased to tourists
and
travelers for dwelling on a more or less long term basis and offering
basic
services to its tenants, similar to hotels.
60
e. Pension house – a private or family-operated tourist boarding
house,
tourist guest house or tourist lodging house employing non-
professional
domestic helpers regularly catering to tourists and travelers,
containing
several independent lettable rooms, providing common facilities such
as
toilets, bathrooms/showers, living and dining rooms and/or kitchen and
where a combination of board and lodging may be provided.
f. Motorist hotel (Motel) - any structure with several separate units,
primarily located along the highway with individual or common parking
space at which motorists may obtain lodging and, in some instances,
meals.
g. Department or DOT – the Department of Tourism.
h. Accreditation – a certification issued by the Department that the
holder is recognized by the Department as having complied with its
minimum
standards in the operation of the establishment concerned which shall
ensure the safety, comfort and convenience of the tourists.
CHAPTER III
CLASSIFICATION OF AND STANDARD
REQUIREMENTS FOR RESORTS
61
Section 7. Kinds of Resorts. Resorts may be categorized as beach
resort
(located along the seashore), inland resort (located within the town
proper or city), island resort (located in natural or man-made island
within the internal waters of the Philippine Archipelago), lakeside or
riverside resort (located along or near the bank of a lake or river),
mountain resort (located at or near a mountain or hill) and theme
parks.
Section 8. Classification of Resorts. For purposes of accreditation,
resorts
shall be classified as follows:
Class "AAA"
Class "AA"
Class "A"
Special Interest Resort
Section 11. Requirements for a Class "A" Resort. The following
are the
minimum requirements for the operation and maintenance of a Class
"A" Resort:
a. Location and Environment
The resort shall be located in a suitable area free of noise, atmospheric
62
and marine pollution.
b. Parking (If applicable)
An adequate parking space with parking security shall be provided free
to guests.
c. Room Accommodations
Class "A" resort shall have its rooms equivalent to those of an Economy
Class hotel as required under Section 6 hereof.
d. Public Washrooms
There shall be a clean and adequate public toilet and bathroom for
male
and female, provided with sufficient running water, toilet paper, and
soap.
e. Sports and Recreational Facilities
The resort shall offer at least two (2) sports and recreational facilities.
f. Food and Beverage Outlets
The resort shall have at least one (1) food and beverage outlet.
Section 12. Requirements for a Special Interest Resort. The
following are the minimum requirements for the operation and
maintenance of a Special Interest Resort:
a. Location
The camp and ground sites shall be well-drained and not subject to
flooding. It shall be distant from any source of nuisance and shall not
63
endanger sources of any water supply and other natural resources.
b. Lounge and Reception Counter There shall be a reception
counter and
a reasonably furnished lounge commensurate with the size of the
resort.
c. Room Accommodations
There shall be at least five (5) lettable bedrooms for permanent site
operations, sufficient and fresh supply of clean linen, mirror and
electric fan except in places where electricity is not available. For
movable operation, a minimum of sixteen (16) guests plus the staff
shall be accommodated in tents, lean-tos and the like. Where
permanent tents are used, flooring shall be at least four (4) inches
above the ground. Tents shall be provided with adequate beddings
suitable for tropical use. Theme parks may be exempted from this
requirement.
d. Toilet and Bathroom
There shall be separate clean toilet and bathroom facilities for male
and female guests which shall be provided with sufficient supply of
running water and situated in appropriate and accessible areas. The
same shall be supplied with soap and toilet paper. Adequate portable
chemical toilets shall be provided at the camp site for mobile groups.
In the absence of chemical toilets, temporary sanitary latrines shall be
provided based on acceptable Philippine standards.
64
e. Lighting, Furnishing and Ventilation
Lighting arrangement and furnishings in all rooms shall be of good
standard. In areas where there is no electrical power, each room shall
be provided with non-hazardous portable lights. Adequate means of
ventilation shall also be provided.
f. Staff and Service
Adequate number of trained, experienced, courteous and efficient staff
shall be employed. They shall wear clean uniforms at all times. The
frontline staff shall have a good speaking knowledge of English.
Section 13. General Rules on the Operation and Management
of Resorts.
a. Maintenance and housekeeping.
Maintenance of all sections of the resort shall be of acceptable
standard,
and shall be on a continuing basis, taking into consideration the quality
of
materials used as well as its upkeep. housekeeping shall be of such a
standard ensuring well-kept, clean and pollution-free premises. A
vermin
control program shall be regularly maintained in all areas of the resort.
Regular and hygienic garbage disposal system shall be maintained.
Sanitation measures shall be adopted in accordance with the standards
prescribed under P.D. 856, the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines.
65
b. Lifeguard and security.
All resorts shall provide the services of a sufficient number of well-
trained lifeguards duly accredited by either the Philippine National Red
Cross, the
Water Life Saving Association of the Philippines or any recognized
organization training or promoting safety objectives, and adequate
security whenever there are guests.
c. Medical Services.
All resorts shall provide the services of a physician, either on-call or on
full-time basis, depending on their volume of operation and
accessibility to hospital or medical centers. In additions, resorts shall
employ adequate first-aiders who have completed a course in first aide
duly certified by the
National Red Cross or any other organization accredited by the same.
Adequate first aide medicines and necessary life-saving equipment
shall be provided within the premises.
d. Fire-fighting facilities.
Fire-fighting facilities shall be provided in accordance with the Fire
Code of the Philippines.
e. Signboards.
Appropriate signboards shall be conspicuously displayed outside the
establishment showing clearly the name and classification of the resort
as determined by the Department.
66
f. Beach and lakeside resort.
There shall be placed on a beach or lakeside resort an adequate
number of buoys which shall be spread within the area to be
determined by the resort owner or keeper as safe for swimming
purposes, an in compliance with the existing government regulations
and/or local ordinances on the placing of such buoys.
g. Designated area.
The distance fronting the area of the resort with adequate number of
buoys as provided in the preceding section shall be designated as the
area for swimming purposes, and no boat, banca or other crafts shall
be allowed to enter the areas so designated. The resort owner or his
duly authorized representative shall be empowered under these rules
to enforce the above, and shall likewise designate a portion of the
beach front to be used exclusively for loading and unloading of resort
guests, unless otherwise designated elsewhere by rules and
regulations specific to the area.
h. Precautionary measures.
1. In no case shall the resort management allow swimming at the
beach front beyond 10:00 p.m. and appropriate notice shall be posted
to inform the resort guests of this regulation.
2. Night swimming at the pool shall be allowed only if there are
adequate lifeguards on duty and when the pool premises are
sufficiently lighted.
67
3. Management shall post sufficient and visible signs in strategic areas
in the resort or at the beach to warn guests/customers of the presence
of artificial or natural hazards, danger areas or occurrences threat.
i. Prohibited acts and practices.
1. No pets or animals shall be allowed to bathe/swim along beaches.
Likewise, "pukot" fishing and washing of fishing nets shall be strictly
prohibited in beach resorts.
2. Resort owners shall prohibit ambulant vendors from peddling their
wares within the resort premises in order to provide their guests a
certain degree of privacy to enable them to relax and enjoy their stay
there at.
3. Littering in resorts shall be strictly prohibited. Resort owners shall
keep their premises clean and shall adopt their own anti-littering
measures.
Without prejudice to existing ones no resort shall be established or
constructed within a radius of five (5) kilometers from any pollution-
causing factory or plant."
2.3 FUNCTIONAL AREAS
Data gathered from the Department of Tourism, National Building
Code, Architectural Graphic Standards and Timesaver’s Standards for
Building Types.
Lobby
68
The lobby’s area computation will be based on DPWH
Architectural Design Guidelines, which are 0.25 m.2 per person
for lobby and 0.28 m.2 per person for standing waiting area.
The hotel lobby establishes the mood for the hotel. The
furnishing, size, decorations, color, finishing and lighting are
elegantly designed to create the proper ambience regardless of
the hotel size.
Administration Area
The managing staffs of the hotel are designed together with
business transaction areas, safety time deposits, foreign
exchange counter, communication facilities, etc. are also
incorporated in it.
Rooms
All single and double rooms have a floor area of not less
than 18 sq. m. inclusive of bathrooms.
Souvenir Shop
The shop should accommodate all necessary crafts. The
size depends on the bulk of the souvenirs to be featured.
MULTI-PURPOSE HALL
69
The function hall was designed to accommodate 100 people.
The area will include a 0.60 m high stage and a storage room for tables
and chairs.
CONFERENCE ROOM
The conference room was designed to accommodate 50 people.
It is located on the second floor to give good views to the surrounding
vista.
RESTAURANT
There are no special requirements for the bar and restaurant
which are in a way different from the standard requirements for such a
facility.
Dining
The dining area accommodates customers for both the bar
and restaurant. It was designed so that the areas achieve
sensory comfort by means of cross ventilation and day lighting
from the north.
Kitchen
The kitchen, pantry and storage are professionally
designed to ensure the efficiency of operation and shall be equipped,
easily maintained, and adequately ventilated and lighted.
70
PARKING SPACES
The parking spaces are provided at the southeast area of each
building. This has been dictated by Feng Shui principles as the most
auspicious location. This placement also prevents vehicular and
pedestrian paths from crossing each other to optimize safety. Analysis
of the existing landscape feature was also considered when planning
the parking placement. The size of an average automobile parking slot
provided is computed at 2.4 meters by 5.00 meters for perpendicular
or diagonal orientation, and at 2.00 meters by 6.00 meters for parallel
parking. A truck or bus parking slot provided has been computed to be
a minimum of 3.60 meters x 12.00 meters.
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
Swimming Pools
The swimming pools have been designed in the auspicious
bagua shape to maintain a consistent character throughout. The
pools will also aid the passive cooling strategy of cross
ventilation.
The floor slope at the shallow end of the pool is not more
than 30 centimeters vertical to 2.00 meters horizontal. The transition
line between the shallow and the deep water is not less than 1.35
meters or more than 1.50 meters deep.
Tennis Court
71
Many relatives of the project proponent play tennis and
they requested that a tennis court be incorporated into the design. It
lies along a North-South axis behind the main building and away
from the parking area. The tennis court is designed in accordance
with the required dimensions in the Architectural Graphic Standards.
Basketball Court
Basketball is a popular sport for the young people of Sison.
It will also be oriented on a North-South axis to avoid sun glare
and it will be situated adjacent to the tennis court.
Landscape Features
Landscaping strategy for the site will be to introduce trees and
shrubs to complement the existing vegetation. Tall palm trees will be
used to provide shade without blocking cool breezes at window level.
Those that are coconut trees can be harvested year-round. The trees
will not be coconut at the parking and pool areas for consideration of
the safety of the building users. Shrubs and foliage that require little
maintenance will be incorporated to make a relaxing ground cover.
3.1 SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS
3.1.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
Part A: Desirable Surrounding Characteristics for a Farm Resort
1. The Region should have natural beauty.
72
2. Cultural and Social Characteristics of the Region are interesting.
3. Shopping and Commercial Facilities are present in the area.
4. Public Infrastructure to Support Tourism is present in the area.
5. Local attitudes toward Tourists are positive.
6. Accessibility of the Region is well established.
7. Tourism Activity in the Region is already present.
Part B: Desirable Property Characteristics
8. Natural Features of Your Property are interesting.
9. Site Infrastructure exists or can be readily included in venture.
10.Human Resource is readily available from surrounding
community.
3.1.2 SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS
Part A: Desirable Surrounding Characteristics for a Farm Resort
1. The Region should have natural beauty.
• The region has a diverse range of geographic features such as
rock formations, watercourses and/or estuaries, soils, and
landforms.
• The region has an abundance and variety of native animals that
are readily accessible and visible to visitors.
• The vegetation in the region is very diverse, with an abundance
of flowering plants, interesting trees or shrubs, and untouched
habitat areas for native wildlife.
73
• Water is available in the area; natural and man-made water
features exist and offer many opportunities for water-based
sports and recreational activities.
• Traveling through this region is a visually stimulating experience.
2. Cultural and Social Characteristics of the Region are
interesting.
• The region maintains a strong link with its past, with an
abundance of museums, monuments, historic markers and
interpretation centers.
• The region actively promotes the preservation of Indigenous
sites, explorer routes and artifacts, derelict buildings.
• The cultural fabric of the area is rich with religious history,
including places of worship, burial grounds, missions and
Indigenous sacred sites.
• Local celebrations such as dances, agricultural shows, and
special festivals are attractions for visitors to the area.
3. Shopping and Commercial Facilities are present in the area.
74
• The region is serviced by a wide selection of shops including
general merchants, specialty shops and shops catering to
tourists.
• The commercial needs of residents and visitors are well served
with adequate banking, postal, landline telephone, mobile phone
and internet facilities.
• The region is well served with automotive, marine, caravan and
other necessary repair, maintenance and refueling facilities.
4. Public Infrastructure to Support Tourism is present in the
area.
• The region is well serviced by transport services.
• The health and well being of travelers is ensured by medical
services including doctors, dentists and other health
professionals, as well as emergency medical facilities.
• Adequate police and other emergency services maintain the
security and safety of residents and visitors to the area.
• Public areas such as parks, wayside stops, toilets, and
streetscapes, are clean, tidy and well maintained.
• The region assists visitors by providing tourist information
centers, maps, brochures, interpretation of local attractions and
features, tours, local guides, sign posting, and other tourism
supportive artifacts and services.
75
5. Local attitudes toward Tourists are positive.
• The region is investing a lot of energy and resources into
attracting tourists to the area.
• The tourism infrastructure is well established and meets the
needs of visitors to the region.
• Local businesses meet the needs of visitors in a warm and
welcoming manner.
• People involved in tourism related businesses and services in the
region cater for visitors from other cultures in a sympathetic and
understanding manner.
• When I travel within this region I am always made welcome, even
though I may be a stranger.
6. Accessibility of the Region is well established.
• The road system in this region is well developed, with most roads
being all weather sealed highways.
• Visitors easily navigate the road system in this region, and there
is extensive highway and tourist signage.
• This region is close enough to other attractive regions to ensure
that tourists will find it rewarding to visit here.
• There are no seasonal factors such as high rainfall, snow, dust
storms, etc. that affect the accessibility of this area.
• Traffic along the main access routes runs freely at all times.
7. Tourism Activity in the Region is already present.
76
• A number of different tourism operations currently operate in the
region (eg. small businesses, family run operations or large
corporate businesses).
• The tourism industry in your region is seasonal due to climate or
special events/festivals.
• The current tourist market in the region is large enough for
business and competing tourism products.
• The region provides opportunities to create alliances with
existing tourism enterprises in your area (eg. tour operators,
accommodation providers and attractions).
Part B: Desirable Property Characteristics
8. Natural Features of the Property are interesting.
• The property contains or is adjacent to areas of spectacular
beauty, with exceptional views and interesting landforms.
• The property has a diverse range of natural flora with many
examples of native vegetation systems and natural habitats.
• There is an abundance of native wildlife on or adjacent to the
property, which can be readily observed by visitors.
• Water features on or adjacent to the property such as lakes,
dams, rivers and streams are ideal for swimming
9. Site Infrastructure can be readily included in venture.
77
• Electricity reticulation required by the proposal would present no
problems.
• Sufficient water is available to meet the extra demands of the
proposed venture and can be reticulated as required.
• The sewerage treatment facilities will be added and sufficient for
the demands placed upon them.
• Roads (including the entrance to the property), pathways and
car-parking facilities can be upgraded to the level required for
the proposed venture.
• Picnic areas to meet the needs of visitors are planned for
inclusion in the new venture.
10. Human Resource is readily available from surrounding
community.
• The property can supply or hire appropriately skilled labor to
meet the needs of the proposed venture.
• The owners and proposed staff have the necessary interpersonal
and hospitality skills required to operate the venture.
• The owners and proposed staff have the skills necessary to
effectively interpret and describe natural as well as cultural
features on and around the property, and are able to effectively
demonstrate and describe processes and events that occur on
the property.
78
• The owners have, or are able to develop, the business
management skills necessary for the ongoing operation of the
new venture.
• The time demands of other routine or seasonal activities on the
property are unlikely to interfere with efficient operation of the
proposed venture.
3.1.3CONCLUSION
Based on the checklist, observed characteristics of the lot and
considering the regulations of the Department of Tourism and
comprehensive land use plan, the property is feasible as the site of the
proposed Sison Farm Resort.
3.2 SITE ANALYSIS
The following analysis is based on the visual observation and
research of the author. These observations were then interpreted by
illustrations to show the unique characteristics of the lot.
3.2.1CLIMATE
79
The greater site length follows an east-west axis. The building skin
must be such that the interior will not be over heated by too much wall
area on the east and west facing walls. For optimum natural
ventilation, the prevailing wind coming from the Northwest must be
used to the best advantage of the project.
3.2.2CIRCULATION
80
The lot is an interior lot and far from the pollution of the local cement
plant and main thoroughfare road. Circulation pattern design takes
into account existing trees so that they will not be disturbed. Great
care was taken to ensure that pedestrian and vehicular paths do not
cross each other.
3.2.3NEIGHBORHOOD
81
The surrounding community is rural and well established. The most
pertinent establishments to the success of the project is the Sison
public market and Victory liner bus station.
3.2.4NATURAL ELEMENTS
82
The site is relatively flat from all of its corners and since it is rich in
natural elements such as trees, which should as much as possible be
preserved to maintain the character of place, buffer noise, and provide
cooling in the form of shading.
3.2.5MAN-MADE ELEMENTS
83
The site is very much in its natural state. The only man-made
elements are the two deep wells that have been installed to aid in
agricultural and livestock purposes. There are some temporary
structures built on the eastern portion of the site to separately house
goats and a tenant family respectively.
3.2.6SENSORY FEATURES
84
The site offers wide beautiful views of distant mountains and hills. The
prevailing wind, especially during the hottest month of Sison is coming
from the Northwest. Its cooling effect will be utilized to increase the
comfort of building users.
3.2.7 ZONING
85
The location of areas within the site ere divided and assigned as major
private or public area in major private and public areas within these
public or private areas. Yet, while divided, they also overlap to ease
transition from one to the other.
3.3 SPATIAL ANALYSIS
86
3.3.1MATRIX ANALYSIS
3.3.2ZONE DIAGRAMS
87
3.3.3 BUBBLE DIAGRAMS
Main Recreational Building
SHOWER ROOMS/ CR
CR(STAFF)
SOCIALHALL
SWIMMING POOL
STORAGE
KITCHEN
CONFERENCE ROOM
DINING
CR(F)
B-B-Q PIT/ DIRTY KITCHEN
DROP-OFF STAFF
PARKING
RECEPTI0NCOUNTE
EQUIPMENT OFFICE
VIDEOKE BAR
LIFEGUARD/ FIRST-AID
VOLLEY BALL COURT
LOBBY
TENNISCOURT
BASKETBALL COURT
LOUNGEOFFICE
STAIRS
SERVICE PARKING
GUESTROOMS
STORAGE
PUBLIC PARKING
CR(M)
COTTAGES
88
Farm Operations
3.4 SCHEMATIC DESIGN
3.4.1SITE DEVELOPMENT AND FLOOR PLAN
SCHEME 1
MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
89
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SCHEME2
MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
90
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
*This scheme was chosen for further development.*
3.4.2PERSPECTIVES
Scheme 1
91
Scheme 2
*This scheme was chosen for further development.*
3.5 DESIGN CONCEPT
3.5.1SITE DEVELOPMENT AND FLOOR PLAN
Master Development Plan
92
Floor Plan
3.5.2SECTIONS
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
93
TRANSVERSE SECTION (thru atrium)
3.5.3Perspective
3.5.4Block Model
94
3.6 PRELIMINARY DESIGN
3.6.1SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Site Development Plan
95
3.6.2FLOOR PLAN
3.6.3 ELEVATION
3.6.4 LONGITUDINAL SECTION
96
3.6.5 EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE
Aerial View
4.1 ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS
4.1.1DESIGN CONCEPT
The design concept was based upon a combination of the
principles of Feng Shui, low-energy tropical design, the vernacular
building construction methods of Sison, and the standards of the
National Building Code of the Philippines. The proposed farm resort
will incorporate practical vernacular construction methods in
combination with the low energy principles of tropical design such as
cross ventilation and day-lighting to produce a comfortable solution.
4.1.2BUILDING CHARACTER
The building is of neo-vernacular character. It is “organic”,
because its form is derived purely from the function of its program.
97
And “modern vernacular”, because it attempts to transcend two
cultures and design principles to make a conglomeration that is
agreeable to each and to the land where it is proposed to be.
4.1.3 FULL SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Final Site Development Plan
Vehicular paths should be separate from pedestrian paths
and away from the outdoor recreational zone. This consideration was
born out of the need for safety, and because automobile emissions are
detrimental to the air quality at the outdoor recreational area.
98
The pool had to be located on the prevailing windward side of the
main building to bring in a cooling cross-ventilation. The parking lot
had to be placed at its leeward side, to carry away automobile
emissions.
4.1.4FLOOR PLANS
FIRST FLOOR PLAN (RECREATIONAL BUILDING)
99
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
100
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
Related functional areas of the floor plans flow smoothly into one
another, and its resulting organic arrangement is a relaxing quality.
The main functional areas of the main building have an East-
West orientation to optimize day-lighting and to minimize direct heat
gain from the sun. The floor plans conform to all pertinent
requirements of the National Building Code of the Philippines.
101
4.1.5ELEVATIONS
EAST ELEVATION
WEST ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
102
SOUTH ELEVATION
From afar, the roof profile is traditionally vernacular, but as you
approach one can see that the roof is very innovative and that the
building form utilizes an auspicious eight-sided form to capture views
on all sides.
Practical vernacular materials are to be incorporated in the
facade of the structures to minimize cost of purchase and transport.
Smooth river stones will be applied to walls to add thickness for
minimizing heat gain.
“Media-aguas” are placed above all windows to the east and
west to minimize solar heat gain. This also makes part of the facade
resemble a Chinese pagoda with its vertically stacked roof overhangs.
103
4.1.6SECTIONS
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
TRANSVERSE SECTION
In the sections, passive cooling and day-lighting can be
observed. Low screened jalousie windows capture cool air. Warm air
escapes from a higher window on the leeward side. An atrium is
incorporated to siphon warm air up and out of the main building and to
allow top lighting by a skylight.
104
4.1.7EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPED AREA
The exterior perspective shows an aerial view of the main
building.
Note the placement of coconut trees to minimize heat gain through
shading. Also note the organic massing of the main building.
105
4.1.8 INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE
The view at the reception counter, as one emerges from the
lobby, will be dramatic with its sudden upward space and ethereal
light. At the counter, the visitor is given the choice of lounging, dining,
or playing. This was intentionally planned as an interpretation of
entering heaven. Through the glass panes, one can see the inviting
eight-sided pool.
106
4.1.9SCALE MODEL
TOP VIEW
NORTH VIEW
SOUTH VIEW
107
WEST VIEW
EAST VIEW
108
AERIAL VIEW OF POOL AND MAIN BUILDING
AERIAL VIEWOF AGRICULTURAL BUILDING,
WOKERS’ FACILITIES AND OWNER’S RESIDENCE
109
4.1.10 ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS
The details show the innovative roof framing and swimming pool
feature. Also shown are the details for a stair lift system for the
accommodation of the handicapped.
4.2 COMPUTATIONS
110
As a solution, due consideration is given to the projected number
of occupants to be served as the determinant in finding its area. We
will use the factors provided in the table of minimum space
requirements in the National Building Code. The computed required
spaces here are just minimum and do not necessarily project the true
size of the solution.
4.2.1DERIVATION OF ROOM (AREA) SIZES
1.) Main Resort Building
a) Hotel Lobby
Lobby Area = capacity x 0.28
= 200 x 0.28
= 56 sq. m.
Area provided = 96 sq. m.
b) Function Hall
Required Area = Capacity x 1.40
= 150 x 1.40 sq. m.
= 210 sq. m.
Area provided = 240 sq. m.
c) Economy Class Room
The sleeping accommodations of the hotel will shelter 110
persons.
Economy Class Single Bedroom : 5 rooms : 6 x 4 = 24 sq.
m.
111
Economy Double Bedroom : 14 rooms : 6 x 4 = 24 sq.
m.
d) Restaurant
Dining Area = no. of seats x 1.40 sq. m. per person
= 160 x 1.40
= 224 sq. m.
Area provided= 272 sq. m.
Kitchen = # of kitchen staff x 8.5 sq. m. per
person
= 9 x 8.5
= 76.5 sq. m.
Area provided = 80 sq. m.
e) Administrative Office facilities
Office Area = # of office staff x 9.30 sq. m. per person
= 3 x 9.30
= 27.90 sq. m.
Area provided = 32.0 sq. m.
f) Conference Room
Required Area = no. of seats x 1.40 sq. m. per person
= 50 x 1.40
= 70 sq. m.
Area provided = 80 sq. m.
2.) Owner’s residence
112
a.) Storage Room – space for supplies
- Consider 1 person
- Adopt Space Factor of 28 m2/person from NBC
- Area = 1 person x 28 m2/person = 28.0 m2
b.) Dining Area – eating area
- Consider 8 persons
- Adopt Space Factor of 1.4 m2/person from NBC
- Area = 8 persons x 1.4 m2/person = 11.2 m2
c.) Kitchen – food preparation room
- Consider 1 person
- Adopt Space Factor of 18.6 m2/person from NBC
- Area = 1 person x 18.6 m2/person = 18.6 m2
d.) Bedroom – individual private space
- Total Area Each: 16 sq. m.
3.) Agricultural building
Total Space is equal to 256 sq. m. including animal pens
a.) Warehouse - room for storing agricultural products
- Consider 2 persons
- Adopt Space Factor 0f 28.0 m2/person from NBC
- Area = 2 persons x 28.0 m2/person = 56.0 m2
4.2.2 PARKING SLOTS REQUIREMENTS
1. Main Resort Building
113
*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 10 rooms.
Required number of parking slots = 25 rooms x (1
slot/10rooms)
= 2.5 or 3 slots
Provided number of parking slots = 8
2. Restaurant
*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 30 sq. m. of customer area.
Customer area = 272 sq. m.
Required number of parking slots = (272 sq. m.) x (1 slot / 30
sq m.)
= 9.06 or 9 slots
3. Function Hall
*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 50 sq. m. of spectator area.
Function Hall Spectator Area =144 sq. m.
Required number of parking slots = (144 sq. m.) x (1 slot / 50 sq.
m.)
= 2.88 or 3 slots
Total number of parking slots required = 20 slots
4.2.3PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE
Total land area = 25,000 sq. m.
Maximum percentage of Site Occupancy = 50% (without firewall)
Maximum Allowable Paved Open Space = 20%
Minimum Unpaved Open Space = 30%
114
Minimum Open Space Required = 50% (25,000sq. m.) = 12,500
sq. m.
4.2.4SIZING THE WATER TANK
The following are the demands of water per type of occupancy:
USE OF OCCUPANCYNO. OF
OCCUPANCY
GALLONS / DAY
PER PERSON
DEMAND OF WATER INGALLONS
Function Hall 150 3 450Hotel Accommodations
110 20 2200
Hotel Lobby 200 20 4000Administration Office 3 15 45Conference Room 50 15 750
Total gallons per day domestic consumption = 7,445
gallons
Size of Water Tank
Where: 1 cubic meter = 246.2 gallons
Computation:
= 7,445 gallons + 33% fire resistive + 10 % maintenance
= 7,445 + 2456.85 + 744.5 = 10,646.35 gallons
= 10,646.35 gallons x(1 cubic meter / 264.20 gallons) =
40.30m3
For volume:
V = L x W x H
= 4m. x 4m. x 3m.
= 48 cubic meters
Water Tank Design:
115
Length = 4 meters
Width = 4 meters
Height = 3 meters
4.2.5 SIZING OF THE SEPTIC TANK
Volume of the septic tank = no. of persons served x .057
= 200 persons x .057 cu. m. = 11.4 cu
m.
Assume 1.2 meter width of the tank per 100 persons.
200 persons x (1.2 meters/100 persons) = 24 m.
width
Maximum depth of a septic tank liquid is 1.50 meters. Solve for
the length of the septic tank.
L x Width x Depth = Volume
L = Volume Width x Depth
L = 11.4 2.40 x 1.50
L = 3.20 meters
The value of L is only for the length of the digestion chamber. Divide by 2 then add result to the value of L to include the leaching well.
L + L = 3.20 + 3.202 2
Total length = 4.80 meters
Therefore, the size of the septic tank to serve 200 persons is
2.40 m wide by 4.80 meters long. Overall depth is 180 meters.
116
4.2.6OCCUPANT LOAD
Main Resort Building
Ground floor area = 1120.00 sq m.
(Dining area) 384 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 274.28
(Kitchen) 80 sq. m. / 18.6 sq. m. = 4.30
(Office area) 32 sq. m. / 9.3 sq. m. = 3.44
(Lounge & Circulatory) 512 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. = 412.90
Second floor area = 1168.00 sq. m.
(Suites) 360 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 257.14
(Lounge & Circulatory) 360 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. = 290.32
(Conference Room) 80 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 57.14
(Multi-purpose hall) 240 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 171.43
Third floor area = 592.00 sq. m.
(Suites) 360 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 257.14
(Lounge & Circulatory) 216 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. = 174.19
4.2.7 NUMBER OF EXITS AND FIRE EXITS
The number of fire exits, as determined by the National Building
Code, is 6.
4.3 COST ESTIMATES
4.3.1COST ANALYSIS
117
Based on an interview with a local contractor, the researcher
received a cost parameter of 12,000 Php per sq. m. This is a factor in
the calculation of the building cost for the main resort building.
AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREAFIRST FLOOR
Lobby 312.00 1.50 468.00Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00
Comfort Rooms 112.00 1.50 168.00Hallway 40.00 1.50 60.00
Souvenir Shop 16.00 1.50 24.00Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00
Reception Desk 12.00 1.50 18.00Offices 36.00 1.00 36.00Kitchen 80.00 1.50 120.00
Dining Area 384.00 1.00 384.00Total Area 1466.00
Cost Parameter perFirst Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)
1466.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 17,592,000.00
AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREASECOND FLOORConference rm. 80.00 1.50 120.00
Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00Multi-purpose
rm240.00 1.50 360.00
Hallway 192.00 1.50 288.00Game room 36.00 1.50 54.00
118
Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00Utility rooms 48.00 1.50 72.00
Suites 360.00 1.00 360.00Verandah 80.00 0.45 36.00
Total Area 1478.00
Cost Parameter perFirst Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)
1478.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 17,736,000.00
AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREATHIRD FLOOR
Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00Hallway 104.00 1.50 288.00Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00
Utility rooms 16.00 1.50 24.00Suites 360.00 1.00 360.00
Total Area 860.00
Cost Parameter perFirst Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)
860.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 10,320,000.00
OVERALL COST OF MAIN RESORT BUILDING
(FIRST FLOOR) P 17,592,000.00
(SECOND FLOOR) P 17,736,000.00
(THIRD FLOOR) P 10,320,000.00
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION COST P
45,648,000.00
119
4.4 FEASABILITY STUDY
4.4.1MARKETING STUDY
The location of Sison along the National Highway, and the
presence of rest stops; (in the form of food houses, refueling stations,
and handicraft kiosks) presents an opportunity to attract people to the
proposed farm resort. The introduction of a farm resort in Sison would
be a feasible and sustainable business venture, because the basic
needs of food, water, air, and shelter have been considered in the
program in order to optimize the comfort of the building occupants,
while at the same time saving the money for the project proponent.
The proposed “Sison Farm Resort” will have swimming pools and sports
facilities to provide recreation.
The following is a compilation of relevant statistics from the
Department of Tourism (DOT).
120
TABULATED STATISTICS
RELEVANT TO
TARGET MARKET
121
DEMAND
According to the results of 2005 Household Survey on Domestic
Visitors (HSDV) conducted by the National Statistics Office and
Department of Tourism, 43.5 percent (23.7 million) of 54.6 million
Filipinos 15 years old and over traveled within the country during the
period April 1 to September 30, 2005. In general, each individual made
two trips and visited two places in the country at anytime in the past
six months.
Of the 23.7 million Filipino travelers during the past six months,
about 51 percent or (12.1 million) were females. Three out of four
travelers belonged to age group 15 to 44 years old. Six in every ten
travelers were employed.
Based on the results of the survey, Filipinos travel mainly to visit
relatives or friends as reported by more than half (55.6 % or 13.2
million) of those who traveled.
122
Three in every ten traveled for pleasure/relaxation while about
13 percent traveled because of business purposes.
Forty-nine percent, comprising 12.0 million domestic travelers,
spent overnight(s) in their places of destination. Four in every ten
travelers stayed 2 to 3 nights in the place visited. Domestic travelers
usually stayed in the house of relatives or friends. Of those who
traveled during the past 6 months, about 17.0 million indicated that
they want to travel and visit other places in the next 12 months
Almost 99 percent or 23.5 million domestic travelers had independent
domestic trips. These are the travelers who did not avail of travel
package tours.
About 17.5 million of these independent travelers, spent about
P400 for local transport either for themselves alone or including those
of other family members, relatives or friends. Aside from transport
fare, a large number of independent travelers spent for food and
beverages and for shopping amounting to P400 and P1,100 on the
average, respectively. In addition, independent travelers reported an
average spending of P1,200 for accommodation and about P3,200 for
other expenses.
The most frequently visited place was National Capital Region.
Aside from NCR, the top ten places visited were Cavite, Batangas,
Laguna, Iloilo, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Cebu, Pangasinan and
Albay.
123
Based on a 2002-2003 Marketing Plan of the DOT, the profile of
the typical Filipino domestic tourist is:
• Male, between 20 – 39 years old
• Metro Manila-based
• Degree Holder
• Stays between 2 to 3 nights
• Engages in sight seeing, shopping and water sports
• Repeats his visit; 2 to 6 times
• Travels alone
• Arranges trip on his own
• Prefers short-haul destinations
It is significant to note that a great number of these domestic
travelers (more than 30%) visit provinces in Region IV. Since majority
of these tourists are from Metro Manila, this would indicate that the
proximity of the place plays an important role in the selection of a
domestic tourist destination.
It is also important to note that these figures represent only
those domestic travelers who stayed in tourist facilities. A sizable
number of travelers, however, do not use lodging facilities and instead
stay in the homes of friends or relatives. Thus, there is a clear
possibility that the actual number of domestic tourists in the
Philippines is far greater than these tables indicate.
124
SUPPLY
There are a few competitors present near the site of the
proposed project site, and the major competitor is the Sunflower
Resort. However, because the location of the proposed project is
closer to the many bus stops, it will attract more tourists: Foreign and
Domestic.
SUPPLY AND DEMAND ANALYSIS
Due to the increasing number of tourists in the Philippines, more
facilities are needed in order to accommodate them. This demand is
usually high during the dry season, as people are able to enjoy outdoor
activities. Another demand that must be addressed is the need for rice
and fresh vegetables, which can be provided by the agricultural portion
of the farm resort. It is a well-known fact that 70% of rice consumed in
the Philippines is imported from abroad. Rice is the staple food of the
Philippines and the project proponent of the farm resort could prosper
by selling whatever surplus rice and agricultural products are
produced, at the local roadside market. The agriculture of a country
may be interesting to a large segment of tourists. Dairy undertakings,
fresh fruits and vegetables, crops, poultry and livestock are types of
farming which are important elements of culture. An important aspect
of tourist services in rural areas is the farmers’ market in which local
agricultural products are sold to the travelers.
FACTORS THAT FAVOR THE GROWTH OF TOURISM
125
1. Rising disposable income for large sections of the population.
N general more money means more travel.
2. Growth in the number of retired persons who have the desire
and the energy to travel. Life expectancy s increasing.
3. Increase in discretionary time – shorter work weeks and longer
vacations.
4. Greater mobility of the population. People became more
accustomed to travel because of the increase in travel
opportunities and the desire to escape from the stress and
pressures of modern life.
5. Growth in the number of “singles.” People living alone have
more free time than couples; hence they want to socialize
through travel.
6. Greater credit availability through credit cards and bank loans.
7. Higher educational levels. University students tend to become
more interested in other cultures.
8. The growth of cities. The Industrial Revolution brought about
migration of people from the rural areas to the urban centers
resulting in the growth of urbanization. City residents travel
more than people living in rural areas to escape from the
congested urban environment.
9. Simplification of travel through package tours.
10. Growth of multinational business.
126
11. Modern transportation technology makes long distance travel
faster, less expensive and more comfortable.
12. Shift in values. A growing number of people are placing more
value on experience rather than material possession.
13. Advances in communication. Television and movies enlarge
the travel perspective.
4.4.2TECHNICAL ASPECT
The technical aspect of the project, “Sison Farm Resort,” will
primarily deal with the Architectural and Engineering works. This
includes the planning, designing, conceptualization, and methods of
construction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The innovative proposal will answer the market’s needs for
recreation and relaxation, through its facilities and amenities. It will be
a semi-public / semi-private development with space for future
expansion needs.
PROJECT JUSTIFICATION
This proposal is appropriate, because the influx of target market
is never-ending. But, most importantly it will provide much needed job
opportunities to the surrounding community, in both realms of
agricultural production/sale and tourism service.
BASIS FOR THE DESIGN CONCEPT
127
The design concept was based upon various principles of Feng-
Shui, tropical low-energy design, vernacular construction methods and
standards of the National Building Codes.
Feng-Shui has dictated building shapes and orientation of
functional areas. Flights of stairs are not composed of a number which
is a multiple of three and they do not directly face any building
entrance.
Tropical low-energy design principles have dictated facade
treatment of the buildings and landscaping of the site. Double-Hung
windows were chosen, because they promoted convection by allowing
the flow of cool air at a low location on the North facing walls. Warm
air escapes through an upper wall awning window on the opposite
South wall.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE DESIGN CONCEPT
An alternative design solution to the final design was considered.
The reasons why it was not chosen were:
1. The cruciform of the main building was considered unlucky
because a cross symbolizes unresolved problems.
2. Its formal symmetry resembled the character and massing of a
conservative church more than of an innovative place of leisure
and recreation.
3. The shape of the pool did not conform to the overall character of
the proposed project.
128
4. The placement of the aforementioned pool was located amid the
vehicular loop, which exposed it to the detriments of vehicular
exhaust.
5. Vehicular and pedestrian paths crossed. This was considered
unsafe.
6. The swimming pool was not visible from the lobby.
7. The recreational facilities were not combined.
8. The parking lot was not immediately visible upon arrival at the
main building.
9. The exposed placement of the pool might encourage farm
workers to spy on guests.
SITE SELECTION OR LOCATION
The site that the proposed project is to be built upon was chosen.
Most of the competing resorts fall within the DOT restricted radius of 5
kilometers of an industrial plant, the Northern Cement Corporation.
The location of the proposed “Sison Farm Resort,” however is outside
of that 5 km radius. The “discovery” of the natural feature at the
Western boundary is a winning factor of the site. The place is known
by the locals as
“Ma-ulo”. It is called that because it is found at the base of a hill that
resembles the smooth rounded top of a head. Some children are brave
enough to walk the distance toward the hill to get there, but to many
others “Ma-ulo” is a legend that they have not yet seen. Other than,
129
the location satisfies the requirements of natural beauty, interesting
cultural characteristics, local shopping facilities, presence of supporting
infrastructure, positive local attitude towards the resort, accessibility,
and established presence of other local resorts.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS / ASSESSMENT
80% of the relatively level site is fertile and suitable for
agricultural purposes and livestock grazing. The DENR is very strict
regarding the chopping and removal of trees, so most will be saved.
The trees that must be removed will be replaced with banana and
coconut trees which are satisfactory for the shade and/or fruit, which
they provide.
AVAILABILITY OF MATERIALS
Concrete hollow blocks shall be ordered directly from local
manufacturers. Most of the stone to be used in the concrete mix and
facade veneer will be gathered on the site, to save money. Proximity
of the Northern Cement Corporation makes cement readily available.
Timber and plumbing fixtures can be ordered from local vendors and
from the neighboring town of Puzzorubio. To avoid delivery and
storage problems, all materials will be gathered and delivered as
scheduled.
BUILDING LAYOUT
130
The site consists of livestock grazing fields and fenced-in
agricultural land. 20% of the total area will used for the built-up
construction of the farm resort. It was decided that, as much as
possible, the fertile ground of the site should be saved for its potential
agricultural use. The dry and stony ground would be best suited for
the location of the main building.
Agricultural buildings will be placed near the front of the site to
privatize the main recreational building, which is in the rear, from the
year-round activities of the farm.
The owner’s residence shall be located between the agricultural
facilities and resort facilities to aid in security of the site by
surveillance of the vehicular entrance, agricultural building and resort
building.
SITE PLAN CONSIDERATIONS
Space allocation
Space allocation includes circulation of passive and active, the
public and the private spaces of the project, to which the convenience
and accessibility is considered and is only done by proper
dissemination of such spaces and through the assurance of security
personnel.
Water Disposal System
Water can be readily pumped from the ground and since there
are scarcely any developments in the immediate surrounding area, the
131
water is very clean. A design must be made that will ensure that the
water table stays unpolluted.
It is proposed that by way of a gravity system, gray water from
the third floor suites will be stored in a water tank to be used as the
toilet flushing water on the second level. This shall be done to further
save electricity which would be used to run the pumping engine.
Environmental Consideration
Aside from the safety and convenience to the guests, health and
sanitation is also considered. Provision of the garbage receptacles,
proper design of sewers and septic tank shall be implemented.
Landscaping
Landscape areas enhance the aesthetic value of the proposed
project which serves as buffers against sound and air pollution.
Landscape shall also provide the much needed shade from the heat of
the sun and allow cooling breezes through the structure.
MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
Machines and equipment to be used for construction will be
rented. The most practical construction techniques will be taken into
consideration for the fastest and least costly construction.
UTILITIES REQUIRED
There will be a power house to supply electric power in case of
brown-outs, and it shall be placed in the mechanical room. The water
132
supply will be completely provided from two deep wells that are
located on the site. Sewer tanks will be provided to accommodate
waste disposal because there are no sewer lines available in the area.
Drainage is provided by the natural water run- off, and this is a
satisfactory condition because the neighboring lands are open space.
Telephone and cable lines are available in the area.
LABOR REQUIREMENTS
The type of labor force is contractual and will come from Sison,
so that there will be no negative feelings toward the project from the
community. It will be up to the contractors to subdivide the work to
subcontractors within the area. The cost of labor will depend on the
percentage both parties must agree upon. There will be no labor
unions present because of the contractual nature of the work.
COST ESTIMATES OR PROJECT COST
The cost estimates will be computed according to cost analysis of
the building components and recreational facilities.
4.4.3MANAGEMENT ASPECT
The proposed project shall be managed and financed by an
organizational form of a corporation. The corporation will be formed in
accordance with Philippine corporate law such as registration of its
articles of incorporating at the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC).
OFFICERS AND KEY PERSONNEL
133
• Manager- Head of the management of resort and recreation.
• Receptionists- Greets guests and handles all guest relations
activities.
• Porter- Service men for the guests.
• Utility men- Takes care of utility problems and maintenance.
• Cashier- Handles various monetary tariff income and
expenditures when ordering supplies.
• Cooks- Manages the kitchen area.
• Service Crew- Attends to the needs of diners in the Restaurant.
• Maids- Do all housekeeping of the Hotel portion of the Main
building.
• Lifeguards- supervisor of safety at the pool area.
4.4.4SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT
Socioeconomic Variables and their Effect on Travel
Age
There are several differences between patterns of travel based
on age. Younger people tend to select more active recreational
activities than older people. The elderly (those in the late sixties and
upward) prefer more passive forms of recreation such as visiting
friends and relatives, fishing, sightseeing and playing golf. Older
tourists tend to travel to farther destinations, prefer ship travel, travel
134
more in spring than do younger tourists and spend less than middle
age tourists but more than younger tourists.
Income and Social Status
Income and social status have a great influence on travel. Rich
persons as well as persons with higher social status travel more than
those with lower income and lower social class status. Higher income
tourists stay longer and spend more per day than those with lower
incomes.
Education
There is a strong correlation between education and travel.
Generally speaking, the better educated members of the population
have a greater desire to travel. Researchers have found that the more
educated the travelers are, they tend to be more sophisticated in their
tastes. They prefer activities which require the development of
interpretative and expressive skills such as attending plays, concerts,
and art museums, reading books, playing golf, tennis and skiing.
Life Stages of the Family
The presence of children in the family limits travel. More leisure
time is spent at home. As the children grow up and leave home, the
married couples renew interest in travel. Couples in this life stage
usually have more discretionary income and are more financially
capable to travel.
4.4.4FINANCIAL ASPECT
135
The economic effect of tourism can be maximized through the
following strategies, import substitution, incentives and foreign
exchange.
Maximizing the Economic Effect of Tourism
Growth Theories:
Some economic growth theories have been proposed to
maximize the economic effect of tourism within a destination area.
These are the theory of balanced growth and the theory of unbalanced
growth.
Proponents of the theory of balanced growth suggest that
tourism should be viewed as an important part of a broad based
economy. This theory stresses that tourism needs the support of other
industries. Its objective is to integrate tourism with other economic
activities. To obtain maximum economic benefit, tourism goods and
services should be locally produced.
Supporters of the theory of unbalanced growth see tourism as
the spark to economic growth. While the proponents of the theory of
balanced growth stress the development of supply, supporters of the
theory of unbalanced growth emphasize the need to expand demand.
As demand is increased through the vigorous development of tourism,
other industries will move to provide products and services locally.
Undesirable Economic Aspects of Tourism
136
Some undesirable economic aspects of tourism are higher prices
and economic instability. Because of the additional demand and/or
increased imports, tourist purchases may result in higher prices in a
destination area. This would mean that local residents, too, would
have to pay more for products and services.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1) Francis D. K. Ching; ARCHITECTURE Form, Space and Order, 2nd
edition (A Division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.)
2) Joseph De Chiara & Michael J. Crosbie; Time Savers Standards for
Building Types 3rd edition
3) Joseph De Chiara & Michael J. Crosbie; Time Savers Standards for
Building Types 4th edition
4) Max B. Fajado jr.; Planning and Designers Handbook 2nd edition.
5) Max B. Fajado jr.; Simplified Methods on Building Construction, 1983.
6) George S. Salvan; Book 1: Architectural Theories of Design 1st
edition.
7) Ramsey / Sleeper; Architectural Graphic Standards. 9th edition.
8) Vicente B Foz; The National Building Code of the Philippines and its
revised implementing rules and regulations.
9) Motoo Yoshimura; PROCESS Architecture. Volumes 91,98,120 and
127.
137
10)Sarah Rossbach; Interior Design with Feng Shui.
138