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1750-1914

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A time of greatly increased output of machine-made goods drastically changing the way people lived and worked. Began in England, spread through Europe to the US

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Agricultural Revolution Enclosures: forced small farmers off land, created large farms done to increase production as population increased forced small farmers to the cities Crop rotation: rotation of crops to different fields each season produced higher crop amounts Overall impact - more food people creating demand for more of everything faster

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Began in England - mid 1700s Large population of workers due to enclosure abundant natural resources water power coal and iron ore rivers for inland trade harbors for international trade political/economic stability isolated from European wars Parliamentary system successful for 100s of years Parliaments $ support of entrepreneurs financially successful colonies with abundant resources

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With greater need to move goods, transportation rapidly improved better roadways, canals, tunnels steam engine steam boats Railroads - extensive systems become necessity factory engines

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iPhoneIndustrial Comparison Its pretty Its touchy-feely It will make other products better It is a platform It is the ghost of whats yet to come

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ABCDE Connor Lindsey Wilmer Sean Tommy Donovan Olivia Morgan Heather Corey Caroline Caelan Jen Jake Vikalp Responsibilities: 1 page of notes (for each person in the group due Friday) find specific facts that can be integrated into your podcast (we will record on Friday) use textbook and web resources (linked off modern world webpage) group will write and record a 3-4 minute podcast following instructions Value: 50 points (50% of your Unit 3 test grade)

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ABCDE Sean A. Sean M. Morgan Greg Dan Olivia Chris Aleeya Mary Kate Kaylin Steve David AJ Brian Abby FGHI Nick Brett Andrew Russ Cory Lauren Nicole Andrea Justin Jordan Responsibilities: 1 page of notes (for each person in the group due Friday) find specific facts that can be integrated into your podcast (we will record on Friday) use textbook and web resources (linked off modern world webpage) group will write and record a 3-4 minute podcast following instructions Value: 50 points (50% of your Unit 3 test grade)

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ABCDE Christine Greg CJ Jess Kurt Emma Shannon Kevin Marissa Nick Ali Billy Nicole Helene Victoria FGH Cory John Sean Daniel Danielle Jacob Kate Tiff Dominika Responsibilities: 1 page of notes (for each person in the group due Friday) find specific facts that can be integrated into your podcast (we will record on Friday) use textbook and web resources (linked off modern world webpage) group will write and record a 3-4 minute podcast following instructions Value: 50 points (50% of your Unit 3 test grade)

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1750-1914

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Growth of industrial cities factories for efficient production urbanization: rapid movement to cities Poor living conditions small cities became too big too fast poor sanitary conditions insufficient housing, education, security air and water pollution

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Tenements

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Poor Working conditions 14 hour days, 6 days/week, poor pay workers had to keep up with machines child labor

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Rise of Middle Class Upper Middle Class: Factory owners and merchants grew wealthy and influential in politics Lower Middle Class: factory foremen, skilled tradesmen, supervisors lived comfortably Working class - poverty stricken working class replaces peasant class Tension between classes builds aristocracy resents upper middle class - being pushed out of power workers resent upper middle class - gap between classes getting larger

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Industrialization moved through Europe and to the US More demand for products created more demand for raw materials Motivation for more colonization = IMPERIALISM global inequality Industrialized West vs. all the rest Great economic and military inequalities transformation of society Britain becomes the economic power of Europe more wealth overall better opportunities for education and democracy

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Wrap up research Each individual owes 1 page of notes by Friday (individual grade) Begin writing podcast script When recorded, needs to last 3-4 minutes (yes, we check the time) Write the script with roles evenly divide the speaking time You will turn in a copy of the script with the podcast on Friday

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1750-1914

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business leaders encouraged gap between rich and poor LAISSEZ-FAIRE: hands-off economy Promotion of CAPITALISM Reformers encouraged govt to play a more active role in bettering conditions Emergence of SOCIALISM and COMMUNISM ECONOMIC SYSTEM: policies of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services

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Capitalism: economic system in which $ is invested in business ventures w/ goal of making a profit Adam Smith- father of modern capitalism economic liberty economic progress Malthus wars and epidemics necessary to reduce population- reduce # of poor Ricardo permanent underclass always poor wages decrease as population increase

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Socialism: factors of production are owned by public and the govt plans the economy Bentham: UTILITARIANSIM: judge ideas, institutions and actions on the basis of their utility or usefulness Government should provide the greatest good for the greatest # of people Karl Marx: believed that economic forces controlled society Wrote the Communist Manifesto (1848) calling for workers of the world unite and overthrow the bourgeoisie Gap between rich and poor is too wide and getting worse More control over economy will reduce class conflict

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Factories drive small artisans out of business Small # of manufacturers to control wealth Large PROTELTARIAT would revolt & seize factories

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Proletariats would produce what was NEEDED Workers would share profits Creation of economic equality

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Workers would control govt in Dictatorship of the Proletariat Create cooperative living and education The state/government would wither away = classless society

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Marxs final phase would become COMMUNISM - complete form of socialism where the means of production owned by the people no private property classless society all goods and services shared equally

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Marxs ideas of communism didnt have much appeal until 20 th century Lenins Russia Maos China Ho Chi Minhs Vietnam Castros Cuba Most of Marxs predictions never occurred proving that society is not just controlled by economic forces but also by religion, nationalism and political forces

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Workers used their #s and became more active in politics Unions: voluntary workers associations collective bargaining strikes reduction of child labor better working conditions and pay

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Changes in Society and Culture After the Industrial Revolution (1800-1900)

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THE GOOD Cheaper, better housing Higher wages, shorter hours Healthier diets Growing, prosperous middle class Industry specialized, organized by growing cities

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THE BAD Miserable living/working conditions create need for legislation Rampant pollution Population increases at unmanageable levels Overuse of resources

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THE QUESTIONS What if we run out of resources? Where do we go? How do we clean up this mess? Is a growing middle class going to demand rights?

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THE GOOD U.S., Germany, others start on road to major power Corporations form and stocks become widespread Women allowed to work, hold responsibility Growing, prosperous middle class worldwide

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THE BAD Economic gap between West and rest grows immensely Environmental concerns spread throughout world Imperialism becomes more widespread, hits Africa Big middle class?

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THE GOOD New economic systems Capitalism Utilitarianism Socialism/Communism Unions form Collective bargaining Strikes Push for abolition, suffrage More focus on INDIVIDUALS

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THE BAD Marx believes in revolution for communism New economic systems plant seeds for 20 th Century problems Governments resist unions, violence erupts Abolition movement leads to tension, civil war

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THE GOOD Reform Act of 1832 = middle class men vote By 1918 large majority of British can vote Womens Political and Social Union (1903) organizes women, women push for rights Emmeline Pankhurst

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THE BAD People resort to violence Suffragettes Hunger strike Self-sacrifice Takes 100 years!