Objectives• Identify various types of ships that are used to

supply fuel and cargo• Identify various types of equipment used during

UNREP• Describe procedures for conducting a safe UNREP• Name various types of replenishment rigs used

during fueling and cargo transfer• Recognize the different types of standard

tensioned replenishment alongside method (STREAM) rigs used

• Identify procedures for conducting a safe VERTREP

• Describe the type of equipment used in VERTREP

Introduction• The primary aim of an UNREP is the

safe delivery of the maximum amount of cargo and fuel in the minimum amount of time

• The operation must be conducted without interfering with the mission of the force

• Using UNREP procedures, a force can remain at sea and on station indefinitely

Types of Underway Replenishment

• Connected Replenishment (CONREP)a method of transferring fuel, ammunition, and stores from one ship to another through lines and hoses connecting the two ships.

Types of Underway Replenishment

• Vertical Replenishment (VERTREP)a method of transferring ammunition

and stores from one ship to another by helicopter

Replenishment Ships

Single purpose vs. Multi-purpose

Navy vs. Military Sealift Command Replenishment

Ships

• MSC Ships• Former naval auxiliaries now manned with

civilian or civilian/military crews• Identified with a “T” in front of their type

classification and are USNS vice USS

• Visually identify by blue and gold stripes painted on their stacks for easy recognition

Oilers (AO)

• Cimarron Class (AO-177)• Henry J Kaiser Class (TAO-187)

• Services• Complete range of petroleum products• Limited Cargo, Food, Stores• Mail

HENRY J. KAISER Class (T-AO 187)

• 13 underway replenishment oilers operated by Military Sealift Command

• provide underway replenishment of fuel to U.S. Navy ships at sea and jet fuel for aircraft assigned to ships• UNREP stations on both sides of ship

• 2 diesels, 2 shafts, 20 kts• ship’s company = 82 civ/1 O/20 E• Helo platform only

Combat Stores Ships (AFS)

• Mars Class (TAFS-1)• Sirius Class (TAFS-8)

• Services• Food (Refrigerated and Frozen)• Stores, Cargo• Mail

Fast Combat Support Ships (AOE)

• Sacramento Class (AOE-1)• Supply Class (AOE-6)• Services

• Fuel • Ammunition• Food, Stores, Cargo, Mail• 2 CH-46s for VERTREP capability

*Largest, fastest, and most powerful auxiliary *Largest, fastest, and most powerful auxiliary shipship

*Deploy with CVBGs*Deploy with CVBGs

SACRAMENTO Class (AOE-1) • High-speed oiler, ammunition and supply

ship• 4 total (AOE 1-4)

• U.S. Navy’s largest combat logistics ship• speed and armament to keep up with CVBG

• carries 177,000 barels of oil, 2,150 tons of ammunition, 500 tons of dry stores, and 250 tons of refrigerated stores

• reduces vulnerability of serviced ships by reducing alongside time

• 4 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 26 kts• ship’s company = 24 O/576 E• 2 CH-46 helicopters• NATO sea sparrow, two CIWS,

SUPPLY Class (AOE-6) • 4 total ships (AOE 6-10)• 4 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 25 kts• ship’s company = 40 O/627 E• 3 CH-46 helicopters• NATO sea sparrow, two CIWS, two

25mm

Ammunition Ships (AE)

• Kilauea Class (TAE-26)

• Services• Ammunition, bombs, missiles• Limited dry cargo• Helicopters for VERTREP ops

Other UNREP Ships

• Aircraft Carriers • top off escort ships

• Amphibious Assault Ships• Tarawa Class (LHA-1)• Wasp Class (LHD-1)

Replenishment Planning1 week - 4 days prior

submit logistics request (RASREQ)

• requested UNREP date• rendezvous point• fuel requisition• stores requisition

Replenishment Planning1 week - 4 days prior

RASREQ reply

• name of delivery ship• rendezvous location and time

(considerations?)• breakdown of supplies to be transferred• expected replenishment course / speed

Day Prior to Replenishment

• Conduct UNREP brief• ship/station sequence• cargo sequence / flow• masthead height of UNREP ship• replenishment course / speed• factors that could affect UNREP - sea state,

wind direction, operational considerations• emergency procedures• safety briefing

Day of Replenishment

• Rendezvous with UNREP ship• Set UNREP detail• Safety brief onstation• Take station on UNREP ship (as

directed)

Personnel Requirements at UNREP stations

• 1 Safety Officer (white helmet)• 1 Rig Captain (yellow helmet)• 1 Signalman (green helmet)• 2 Phone talkers (green helmets)• 1 Gunners Mate (red helmet and vest)• 15 line handlers (blue helmets)• 4 riggers (blue helmets,goggles, face

shields)• 1 Corpsman (white helmet w/red cross)

Ready, aim, DUCK!

MK87 Mod1 Line Throwing Rifle - propels a buoyant rubber projectile attached to a spool of international orange shotline

Safety Officer• Qualify PQS Safety Officer, Underway

Replenishment• Primary responsibility = prevent

unsafe activities on station• conduct safety brief to all personnel• ensure all personnel are in

Kapoks/MK5s and proper battle dress with all watches and jewelry removed

• Be familiar for procedures with receiving rig

General Safety • Life buoy watches stationed• Chemlights worn by all personnel

at night• line handlers use “hand-over-

hand” method• smoking lamp is OUT throughout

the ship while transferring fuel/ammo

UNREP Principles and Procedures

• Receiving Ship• Normally the approach ship• Maintains station on the delivery ship• receives fuel, ammunition, or stores

from the supply ship

Replenishment Station

090° or 270°Ralongside UNREP ship

Replenishment Stations

UNREP Ship

Lifeguard Station180°R 1,000yds

Waiting Station

500 yds astern

Waiting Station

UNREP Ship

Waiting StationStarboard

300-500 yds astern

While In Waiting Station

• Examine the wake of UNREP ship• Your wake should be parallel / keep

about 50yd separation between wakes

• Adjust speed to match UNREP ship

• Determine lateral separation using Radian Rule

Lateral Separation Requirements while

Alongside• 100-120 ft (35-40yds) for most

combatants

• 150ft (50yds) for carriers / less maneuverable ships / inclement weather

UNREP Approach for standard 120 lateral

separationUNREP Ship

Waiting StationStarboard

500 yds astern

*Bearing offset from base course to tangent of side of replenishment ship at a given distance

120 Degress Lateral Separation Table

Range to UNREP ship (yards) Degrees difference

600 4

500 5

400 6

300 8

200 12

*If you are 600 yards away on unrep course of 150 degrees true, delivery ship bears 146 degrees true from you.

Radian Rule

500 yds R

D 50 yds

50 = ( )

50060

= 6 degrees toport or 354°R

D = ( ) R60

UNREP Principles and Procedures

Romeo Corpen / Speed:• Naval terminology for replenishment course and speed

*speed normally 13-15 knots-never < 8 knots = reduce rudder effect-never > 15 knots = Venturi effect

• Considerations for selection include sea conditions, wind direction and velocity

Waiting station• 300-500 yards astern• Compare gyros/engine rpm• Use ROMEO flag signals accordingly

ApproachAdjust course and speed to take station 120 feet off to the side of the Control Ship.

120 feet

Alongside•Find a "range" on the other vessel in order to gauge relative position fore/aft.

•Use Distance line to determine range between vessels.

•Order small course and speed changes to maintain relative position.

Breakaway•Increase speed.•Order small course changes away until well clear.•Never cross the bow of the Control Ship.

USE OFFLAG

USE OFFLAG

Approach ship takes station in waiting station 300-500 yards astern of control ship and waits for further instruction from control ship

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship)

ROMEO is placed at the dip on side with the rig.

Meaning: I am steady on ROMEO course & speed and preparing to receive you alongside.

Signals While inWaiting Station

Control Ship Approach Ship

1. Steady on R Corp/Speed

2. Making preps to receive on starboard side

In waiting station

Use of the flag ROMEO (Approach Ship)

ROMEO is placed at the dip on side where rig is expected.

Meaning: I am ready to come alongside.

Signals While inWaiting Station

Control Ship Approach Ship

Ready to come alongside

as indicated by side of Romeo

Flag

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship)

ROMEO is closed up.

Meaning: I am ready to receive you alongside.

In Waiting StationControl Ship Approach Ship

Ready for yourapproach

In waiting station

Use of the flag ROMEO (Approach Ship)

ROMEO is closed up.

Meaning: I am commencing my approach.

Commencing ApproachControl Ship Approach Ship

Commencingmy approach

*Increase speed by 3-10 knots over signaled UNREP

speed

Ready for yourapproach

Coming Alongside• Slow to Romeo speed as necessary• Switch to RPM engine orders• Line up the rigs• Line-throwing guns on Delivery ship

send over messengers from each station to opposite stations on receiving ship• Exception = danger of a/c on deck,

receiving ship fires shotlines at delivery ship

Coming Alongside• Word passed over the 1MC:

• Shot-delivering ship = “On the (receiving ship’s name), stand by for shot lines. All hands topside take cover.” • One whistle signal from each station on

delivery ship

• Shot-receiving ship = “On the (ship’s name), stand by for shot lines at (stations concerned). All hands topside take cover.• Two whistle signals from each station on

receiving ship• Three whistle signals - delivery ship firing shot

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship & Approach ship)

ROMEO is hauled down when the first messenger line is across.

While Alongside

• Maintain relative position• 1-2 rpm speed changes• ½° course changes

• Maintain lateral separation using phone-distance line

• Be aware of spanwire tension/detension

Phone/Distance Line- Assists the conning officer in monitoring the distance between ships.-350ft long with rectangular colored clothmarkings (flags) for 300 feet in the followingorder:

Green = 0’ Red = 20’ Yellow = 40’ Blue = 60’ White = 80’ Green = 100’

Phone/Distance LineDistance Line Provided by Receiving ship

•Hooked up on Delivery ship at the 0' end•Tended by Receiving ship

An intertwined sound-powered phone line allows communication between ships.

Phone and Distance Line

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

G R Y B W G

ControlShip

ApproachShip

Night

Day

Double Blue Chemlights at60, 100, 140, 180 yds