MARKO POLO

15 September 1254., Island of Korčula -

8–9 January 1324., Republic of Venice

Merchant traveller

Polo’s journeyHe was an merchan traveller from Venice whose travels are

recorded in a book which did much to introduce Europeans to

Central Asia and China

This book inspired Christopher Columbus and many other

travellers.

Polo influenced European cartography.

BENKO KOTRULJIĆ (Benedikt Kotruljević)

Dubrovnik, 1416. – 1469.

Croatian trader, economist, diplomat and humanist

Location: front of hotel Sheraton, Zagreb

Oldest manuscript on double-entry

The first known manual about book-keeping was Della mercatura e del mercante perfetto, (On merchantry and the perfect merchant) written in 1458 by Benko Kotruljić or Benedikt Kotruljević.

It is also the oldest known manuscript on double-entry.

FREDRIK GRISOGONO

Born in Zadar, 1472. – 1538.

A mathematician, physicist, astronomer and physician

His most important contribution was the theory of

tides, based on the attraction of the Moon, which influenced

Mark Antun Dominis. He discovered the antipodal tidal

wave. His theory of tides is described in De modo

collegiandi, pronosticandi et curandi febres, nec non de

humana felicitate ac denique de fluxu et refluxu maris, Venice

1528.

Theory of tides

VINKO PALETIN

Island of Korčula, 1508. – Mexico, 1575.

Naval theorist, a Dominican theologian,historian, mathematician, cartographer,

travel writer, lawyer and diplomat

Paletin in Mexico He made a map of Spain names

Spagna con le de distantie whether loci.

He arrived to Mexico as a young missionary.

He mentioned that builders of Maya pyramids in Chichen-Itza, Mayapan and Uxumal, as well as builders of huge basalt heads, were in fact old Cartagians which according to antic authors sailed off long ago across Gibraltar, and discovered the New World (Hesperids). Maya Indians recounted to Paletin an old legend about "the arrival of bearded people from far away".

Sebenico, Republic of Venice(today Šibenik in Croatia), 1551. –

Mletci, 1617.

Polymath, inventor and bishop

He was known for the invention of the parachute, but he was also a

builder of bridges series of original structure, submarines, war

machines, fortifications, the cable car

FAUST VRANČIĆ

Vrančić’s sculpture

Location: entrance to the Technical Museum

Vrančić’s parachute

To be the first man to build and test a parachute.

He was tested the parachute by jumping from St Mark's Campanile In Venice.

A parachute dubbed Homo Volans ("The Flying Man")

Vrančić’s windmills

Windmills with both vertical and horizontal axes

Vrančić also described in his book Machinae Novae the

first wind turbine.

Wind turbine

MARIN GETALDIĆMarinus

Ghetaldus2. October 1568., Dubrovnik –11. April 1626., Dubrovnik

Mathematician and physicist

Parabolic mirror

Getaldić was the constructor of the parabolic mirror (66 cm in diameter), kept today at the National Maritime Museum in London.

He worked construction of various physical instruments, such as, for example, refractory telescope.

IVO PULJIZIĆ

Born in Pučišća on the island of Brač, Made irrigation plans for the Vatican

and projected various Vatican bell-towers in the time of Pope Innocent X, 17th century

FERDINAND KONŠČAK

Varaždin, 1703 - 1757 A Jesuit missionary, explorer, and

cartographer He was active as a missionary on 

New Spain's Baja California peninsula (today part of Mexico), from 1732 to the end of his life.

Baja CaliforniaIn 1752 he discovered that Baja California was not an island, as it had been believed until then, but a peninsula. There is a collection of rocky islets on the north of the Californian bay named in his honour as the Consag Rocks (Consag Rocas, or Roca de Consag, near San Felipe).

Konščak spoke various dialects of local Indians, in particular a very difficult dialect of Cochinin Indians. He described a sort of boomerang that Indians used for hunting rabbits.

RUĐER BOŠKOVIĆ

He was born in Dubrovnik 1711., Croatia

Physicist, astronomer, mathematician,philosopher, diplomat, poet, 

theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath

Inventions of Ruđer Bošković

He produced a precursor of atomic theory and made many contributions to astronomy, including the first geometric procedure for determining theequator of a rotating planet from three observations of a surface feature and for computing the orbit of a planet from three observations of its position. In 1753 he also discovered the absence of atmosphere on the Moon.

Sculptures of Bošković

Location: entrance to the Technical Museum

Location: Getaldićeva 4Technical school Ruđer

Bošković

IGNACIJE SZENTMARTONY

Kotoriba in Međimurje, 1718. – 1793. In 1751 he went to Lisabon, where he

obtained the title of royal mathematician and astronomer, and as such was designated to be a member of expedition for determining borders. In 1753 he sailed off from Portugal to

the mouth of Amazon river for geographic research there. Only a

small amount of his work is preserved to these days: two maps of the

Amazon and Rio Negro. By the end of his life, upon return to Croatia, he wrote the first Croatian kajkavian

grammar for Germans: Einleitung zur kroatischen Sprachlehre für Teutschen, Varaždin 1783.

LUDWIG (Ljudevit) MITTERPACHER VON MITTERBURG (Mitterburg =

Pazin in Istria) Bilje (in eastern Croatia,Baranja) 1734 –

1814 In 1777, Mitterpacher became the first

professor of the newly-established agricultural faculty at the Pest University

His most significant work was the three-volume Elementa rei Rusticae, a comprehensive study of agricultural science and practice. Subjects included cultivation, plant-growing, horticulture, vine-growing, forestry, animal husbandry and food processing. His books originally written in Latin language were translated into several languages and became important works of reference for contemporary science.

FILIP VEZDIN or WESDIN

Croatian village of Cimov (Hof am Leithagebirge) in Lower Austria in

Burgenland (Gradišće) 1748. – 1806.

Pioneer of European indology

Vezdin was sent to India in 1776, where he learned Sanskrit and

several Indian dialects

Vezdin's research gave a great impetus to investigation of culture and civilization of India in Europe

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FRANJO DOMIN

Zagreb, 1754. – 1819.

Domin studied physics and theology in Vienna

and later became a dean at the Faculty of

Philosophy and rector of the University of

Budapest. He was among the first who cured

various diseases by electrotherapy using

static electricity.

IVAN LUPIS(GIOVANNI BIAGIO LUPPIS)

27. August 1813., Rijeka –

11. January 1875., Torriggia

Croatian-Italian officer of the Austro-Hungarian

Navy who developed the first prototypes of the self-

propelled torpedo

Lupis’s torpedo

He invented in 1860., and built a torpedo which was later perfected by British mechanical engineer, Robert Whitehead. A few years later in Rijeka was founded first torpedo factory in the world. From 1880. years Lupis-Whitehead torpedo armament becomes standard developed navies. Torpedo has changed the way warfare at sea and transferred the battlefield from the air and land in the sea water.

ANTE ŠUPUK

21. August 1838., Šibenik – 11. May 1904., Šibenik

Croatian engineer and inventor

Hydroelectric power plant

In 1895 he built the Jaruga Hydroelectric Power Plant as one of the world's first hydroelectric power plants, and connected it to a lighting system using alternating current. It was the first of its kind in Dalmatia and Croatia.

Šibenik became the first city in Europe who got the polyphase AC system to supply 320 city lights.

Two days after Jaruga was released hydroelectric Power at Niagara Falls to Tesla's patent.

FERDINAND KOVAČEVIĆ

Gospić, 1838. – 1913.

Croatian inventor, engineer, and pioneer in telegraphy.

Telegraphy

He invented the possibility of telegraphic connection along a single wire (the duplex connection), whereas before four wires had been used. By the way, Zagreb had its telegraph lines only six years after the first telegraph lines in the world introduced by Morse (Washington-Baltimore, 1844).

JOSIP BELUŠIĆ

Županići near Labin, 12. March 1847

Croatian inventor of the electric

speedometer

Velocimetar

In 1888 Josip Belušić invented and designed the first electric speedometer.

This invention was patented in Austria-Hungary under the

name of “velocimeter’’.

SPIRIDION BRUSINA

He was analyzed and classified 600 fossil species. He has a great merit for popularizing science in Croatia. Natural scientists throughout Europe named in his honor about 50 species according to his name.

Croatian malacologist

11. December 1845. – 21. May 1909. Dubrovnik

DAVID SCHWARZ

Aviation inventor

He was born in Hungary 1852.,

but when he was thirteen years

old, moved in Županja, Croatia.

Scharz’s airship

Schwarz's airship flew November 3, 1897. to Tempelhof airfield near Berlin. He raised to a height of 466 meters. But Scwarz not lived to see this day because he died of a heart attack ten months earlier.

Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin purchased Schwarz's airship patent from his widow, a claim which has been disputed.

ANTUN LUČIĆ (Anthony F.

Lucas)Island of Hvar, Croatia, 1855. -

Washington, USA, 1921.

He discovered the first major gusher

in Texas 

The Lucas gusher

The Lucas gusher, flowing at the rate of 80,000 to 100,000 barrels per day

It blew in January 1901. About 50,000 people came to see it. This meant the earliest massive exploitation of oil and petroleum in the world.

Anthony Lucas (Antun Lučić) invented the so called "Christmas tree", which is the system of valves and pipes installed on the wellhead to harness a gusher.

His company became one of the first oil companies in Texas

Some of the most important inventions of

Anthony F. Lucas, that are still in use

Overhead method of mining in salt mines

Surface exploration of underground mineral deposits

Application of hydraulic rotary rig in oil well drilling

Construction and application of back pressure valve

Use of clay for drilling fluids

Construction of blowout, so called "killing" equipment

Designing of well logs

NIKOLA TESLA

Smiljan, 10. srpnja 1856. – New York, SAD, 7. siječnja

1943.

Emigrating to the United States in 1884.

Inventor, electrical engineer, mechanicalengineer, physicist, and futurist bestknown for his contributions to the designof the modern alternatingcurrent (AC) electricity supplysystem.

Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla gave the world more than 700

inventions, some unfortunately less known to the public.

The most important inventions: The system of multi-phase currents and

the rotating magnetic field (AC polyphase motors and generators on the principle of a rotating magnetic field)

AC transmission system and distribution of electricity

Tesla oscillation transformer (Tesla Coil) Lighting using high-frequency currents The system of wireless transmission of

radio signals and power Teleautomation (remote control boat) Tesla turbine Radio

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“If your hate could be turned into electricity, it would light

up the whole world.”

“I don't care that they stole my idea . . I care that they don't have any of their

own”

DRAGUTIN GORJANOVIĆ KRAMBERGER

Zagreb, 1856. – 1936.

Croatian geologist, 

paleontologist, and archeologist

Neanderthal people

He discovered the richest collection of remains of

Diluvial Neanderthal people in the world on a site not far

from Zagreb (Krapina). He was the first man in history to have used X-rays to analyze fossil

bones (X-rays were discovered by Nikola Tesla).

Gorjanović-Kramberger's research helped prove the

theory of evolution of human species, and his theories have

had an impact on the social view of the world.

IVAN VUČETIĆ (Juan Vucetich)

Island of Hvar, 1858. - Argentina, 1925.

A criminologist and anthropologist

Dactilonome

He was one of the pioneers of the scientific

dactiloscopy (identification by fingerprints) and occupied the position of the director of the

Center for Dactiloscopy in Buenos Aires. His method of identification

was in use throughout South America. Vucetic was also the one

who introduced the notion of dactiloscopy in 1920, now in

current use worldwide. Ivan Vucetic deviced an original

instrument for classification of fingerprints called dactilonome.

ANDRIJA MOHOROVIČIĆ

Volosko, 1857. – 1936.

Croatian meteorologist and seismologist

Structure of the Earth

His discovery was essential for understanding the inner structure of the Earth and the behavior of

seismic waves. Together with the theory of forces due to Ruđer Bošković, this is probably the greatest achievement in the history of Croatian science.

SLAVOLJUB EDUARD

PENKALAHe was born in Liptovský Mikuláš, Austria–

Hungary, 1871. - Zagreb, 5. veljače 1922.

Becoming a naturalized Croat.

Inventor, aviation pioneer, entrepreneur

Some inventions of

PenkalaHe is author of 80 patents. His original inventions are: a mechanical toothbrush, mechanical pencil "pen“, pen with spiral plunger holder for the stylus, hard vinyl records, anode batteries, draft hovercraft, aerodynamic profile, motor aircraft, laundry detergent, thermos bottle and water bottle, brakes for wagons

FRANJO HANAMAN

He was born in Drenovci, 1878., Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary, Croatia today

He was a Croatian inventor, engineer, and chemist

Electric light-bulb

He was gained world recognition for inventing the world's first

applied electric light-bulb with a metal filament (tungsten) with his

assistant Aleksandar Just, independently of his

contemporaries.

MARCEL PL. KIEPACH

Križevci, 12. February 1884. – Russian front, 12. August

Inventor, a “Child prodigy“

Patented the dynamo lighting

Maritime compass

Marcel patented a maritime compass that indicates north regardless of the presence

of iron or magnetic forces. He patented an improved version

in London on December 20, 1911. This second version was a remote

maritime compass device, consisting of ampermeters as the indicating instruments located in

different parts of the ship, resistant to magnetic forces or magnetic

masses in their vicinity.

Dynamo for vehicle lighting

In France, Kiepach patented a dynamo for vehicle lighting. It

was an electric generator 

combined with the mechanical drive of the vehicle itself. His "small transformer" forlow

voltage was widely implemented according to the "Kiepach-Weiland System". He also patented a power

switch. He was active in various other areas of mechanics and

electronics. He held correspondence with famous

world scientists and inventors.

LAVOSLAV RUŽIČKA

Vukovar, 13. September, 1887. - Zurich, Switzerland, 26. September, 1976.

Scientist and winner of the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

He received eight honoris causa doctorates in science, medicine, and law; seven prizes and medals; and twenty-four honorary memberships in chemical, biochemical, and other scientific societies.

Musk and male hormone

He proved that musky fragrances, civetone and muscone, macrocyclic ketones, which allowed the production of the precious synthetic musk fragrances.

Published a partial synthesis of the male hormone androsterone and the following year, testosterone.

In 1939th awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

HERMAN POTOČNIK

Pula, 22. December 1892. - Vienna,Austria, 27. August 1929.

Expert in missile technology and a pioneer of astronautics

Space travel

At the end of the 1928th year published a book, "The problem of space travel - a

rocket engine," in which he offered technical solutions that are at the time

surprisingly new and original. In this book he develops a detailed and

accurate calculations and design for a rocket engine that achieves first space velocity (Earth's orbit), calculations of

other space velocity (leaving the Earth's orbit), exactly elaborates geostationary

orbit (where satellites apparently "standing" of the same item Countries -

telecommunications). Entitled his masterpiece is his blueprint viable

orbital station.

ERAZMO BERNARD TIĆAC

Kostrena (near Rijeka) 1904. – 1968.

The Savannah nuclear ship, the

first nuclear-powered merchant ship,

was built to the plans of Erazmo Tićac 

A shipbuilding engineer

The Savannah nuclear ship

• The ship was launched on the 21st of July 1959; her maiden voyage started on the 31st of January 1962, and regular service started in 1963. It had two reactors, could reach a speed of 21 knots and with one fuel of tank it could sail for almost three and a half years. It docked in Rijeka harbour several times, first on the 19th of November 1966. 

• On a plaque above the entrance to the ship's lounge was written in golden letters: "Ben Tićac, naval architect". 

VILIM SREĆKO FELLER

William "Vilim" Feller

A mathematician specializing

in probability theory.

Zagreb, 7. July 1906. – New York,14. January 1970.

‘’Mathematical genius’’

• More than 150 mathematical

notions bear his name, and here are

just a few of them: Feller's

process, Feller's transition function, Feller's semigroup, Feller's property.

• Feller was awarded the National Medal

of Science of the USA in 1969.

MARIO PURETIĆ

King of Purse Seine Fishing

1917. born in Croatia in the town of Sumartin on the island of Brač.

Construction of what is now known as

the Puretic Power Block

 Puretić Power Block

Until then fishing nets had to be

manually drawn by eight to ten people,

which was an extremely difficult job. The

Marco Seattle company developed

Puretic's idea, and it soon became a

standard mean of fishing in the whole

world. In 1975 the United States Patent

Office conferred him a special

recognition for his patent which

revolutionarized the fishing technology

worldwide. He was elected among

hundred greatest inventors of the 20th

century in the USA.

HRVOJE ŠARIĆ

Knin, 1922. – 2007.

He has about seventy inventions in various technical disciplines

SRF 360

In 1972 Hrvoje Šarić invented and patented the first professional 360 degree synchro-rotational photo-

camera in history, named SRF 360. In 1988 he deviced the first electronical construction 

consisting of nine BETACAM videocameras, catching every

detail within the full circle, while the picture was projected onto a

circular screen using nine LCD projectors based on liquid crystals. 

ANTE MAGLICA (Anthony Tony

Maglica)

New York, 1930., spent his

childhood on the Dalmatian island Zlarin

The owner and founder of Mag Instrument Inc.

Maglite flashlight

The late 1970’s,

the market has

introduced Maglite

flashlight, which is due to

quality materials (made of solid

aluminum), long duration and intensity

of the light beam quickly became very popular with the U.S. military, police and firefighters.

FRANJO KAJFEŽ

Martijanec 15. October, 1936. – Zagreb, 23. April 2004.

Doctor of Chemical Sciences

The creator of the tablet Valium

Valium tabletThe creator of the tablet

Valium, in Croatia known as

Valium (a Paure – against fear).

The founder of the production

technology of vitamin C.

Plants are always interested

him, and he was especially

interested in how they "draw" a

chemical version of the drug

substance.

DANIEL GAJSKI His research interests

include embedded systems and information technology, design methodologies, specification languages and CAD software, and the science of design.

On January 10, 2010., the European Design and Automation Association (EDAA) announced that the EDAA Lifetime Achievement Award goes to Dr. Daniel Gajski. This award is given to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the state of the art in electronic design, automation and testing of electronic systems in their life.

TOMISLAV UZELAC

In 1997. Tomislav Uzelac, a

student of the Universty of

Zagreb, Croatia, invented

the  AMP Playback Engine, the

first successful MP3 player. Two

students from the University of

Utah adapted it to work on

Windows, and called it WinAMP.

MARIN SOLJAČIĆ

Author of the new Wireless Power Transfer, conceived in 1996.

Performed the first experiment not radiating wireless energy transfer, in which the electrical network using two coils two meters distant able to light the lamp of 60 W

They are created a new antibiotic - Sumamed

PLIVA TEAM(SLOBODAN ĐOKIĆ,

GORJANA RADOBOJA-LAZAREVSKI, ZRINKA

TAMBURAŠEV, GABRIJELA KOBREHEL)

SumamedA group of researchers from

PLIVA has created a new

antibiotic at all different from

other previously applied

antibiotics. Because he was

special, he was given the name

Sumamed - "Sum sumarum

medicinae". In 1980. discovered

a formula of a chemical

compound of azithromycin

which proved to be highly

effective in the therapeutic

treatment of bacterial

infections.

Pay-by-phone parking

The service of buying parking tickets via mobile phones is today widespread worldwide. The service has been conceived and developed in Croatia.

End something different, but very interesting and

instructive

CROATIA IS THE HOMELAND OF TIES

TIE

The tie originated among 

Croatian mercenaries during the Prussian wars of the 17th century: the Croat mercenaries used a scarf around the neck to hold together the opening of their shirts. This was soon adopted (under the name cravat, derived from the French for "Croat") by the upper classes in France, then a leader in fashion, and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries.

AND FINALLY I MUST INTRODUCE YOU WITH ONE

OF THE MOST FAMOUS CROATIAN INVENTOR FOR

CHILDREN

Professor Balthazar

• Born in Zagreb in 1967. at the Zagreb Film studio.

• One of the most famous Croatian scientists.

• Professor Balthazar was a Croatian cartoon series for children about an old inventor that ran from 1967 to 1978.

• It was created by animator Zlatko Grgić.

CARTOON

If you want to see my presentation in one minute, I suggest that you look at the cartoon called Croatian_Invention on vimeo by Dražen Željković

https://vimeo.com/66031930

Literature:

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://www.croatianhistory.net

History of croatian science