Advent Technologies’ High Temperature PEM fuel cells products: from research to market

Friday December 5, 2014

Athens, Greece

COMPANY

Foundation and Technology

European and Greek Grants

JOULE III 1998-2001, APOLLON 2002-2005,

PYTHAGORAS 2004-2006, PEMHYGEN 2003-2007

PROMETHEAS 2002-2006, APOLLON-B 2006-2009

Polymer Chemistry

Laboratory

University of Patras

Electrocatalysis

Laboratory

FORTH-ICEHT

Company foundation

ADVENT TECHNOLOGIES SA (2005)

ADVENT TECHNOLOGIES INC (2012)

Development of revolutionary

technology in the area of High

Temperature MEAs

Funding from institutional and industrial investors

from Greece and abroad (e.g. Piraeus Bank Capital

Management VC, Sunlight Systems, Velti, Eltpa-

Provoli, Dolphin Capital, ILPRA etc.)

Research Activities (100 papers the last 3 years)

Synthesis and properties of processable polymers for light emitting applications

Synthesis and optical properties of rod-coil luminescent block copolymers

Synthesis of alternating branched polymacromonomers

Synthesis of hybrid polymeric nanomaterials

Proton conducting polymeric membranes for use in fuel cell applications

Synthesis and characterization of dendronized polymers

Development of polymeric biocides

Group Leader: Professor J.K. Kallitsis

Advanced Polymers Hybrid Nanomaterials Research

Laboratory (APHNRL)

ENERGY-K5-CT-2001-00572 Title: "Advanced PEM fuel cells". Budget: 248 KEU Partners: FORTH/ICEHT, De Nora, Max-Planck Institut fur Kohlenforschung, Technical University of Denmark, Institute of Chemical Technology, Frigoglass S.A., National Institute of Chemistry Duration: 2001-2004 INCO Title: "Membrane Cell Hydrogen Generator and Electrocatalysis for Water Splitting". Budget: 248 KEU Partners: University of Belgrade (YU), Central Laboratoty of Electrochemical Power Sources (BG), University "St.Cyril and Methodius' - Skopje (MK), Chemical Industry ZUPA-Krusevac (YU), University of Zagreb (HR). Duration: 2002-2005

APHNRL-Fuel cell related projects

Pythagoras (National project) Title: “Synthesis and Characterization of polymer membranes for their use in PEMFC of low and intermediate temperatures” Budget: 85.000 Euro Duration: 2004-2006 ΕPAN (National project) Title: “Fuel cells power production system using methanol as feed”. Budget: 219.212 Euro Partners: CERTH, GERMANOS, TROPICAL, FRIGOGLASS Duration: 2003-2006

APHNRL-Fuel cell related projects

Laboratory of Catalysis and Electrocatalysis at ICE-HT

Research Activities

Heterogenius Catalysis

Chemical Reaction Engineering

Applications of Infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

in Catalysis and Electrocatalysis

Electrochemistry

Fuel Cells (solid oxide and PEM)

Group Leader:

Dr Stylianos Neophytides, Director of Research

Laboratory of Catalysis and Electrocatalysis-Fuel Cell

Related Projects

European Commission EESD Programme Contract nr.: NNE5-2001-00187 Title: “Advanced PEM fuel cells” Budget 800.000 € Duration:2001-2004 Greek Ministry of Development Title:" Electricity production by an integrated system comprising a methanol fuel processor with fuel cells” Budget 220.000 € Duration 2004-2007 European Commission Contract nr.: ENG2-CT2002-20652 Title: “Polymer Electrolytes and Non Noble Metal Electrocatalysts for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells” Funding organization: European Commission Budget 604.000 € Duration:2006-2009

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Membrane Electrode Assembly: core part of PEM fuel cell

Internal Gasket

Membrane

Gas Diffusion

Electrode

Catalyst

How does a PEM fuel cell work?

Commercialization Strategy

MEA and membrane sales

The Company sells MEAs and membranes directly to fuel cell manufacturers and to manufacturers of fuel cell sub-assemblies.

Currently, the manufacturers targeted by Advent are primarily in the stationary and APU markets, with the portable power markets to follow.

The majority of the top fuel cell system developers that are focused on military and industrial applications today are based in the U.S. and Europe, while the majority of the leading consumer electronics manufacturers developing portable fuel cells are based in Japan and Korea.

INDUSTRY Applications & Developers, Addressable Markets

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PEM fuel cell applications

•Reduced Energy Consumption

-Energy efficiency of 70-80% (vs only about 40% by

conventional generation)

-Increased independence from grid electricity and receive

financial savings (reduction of utility bills up to 50%)

•Reduced Emissions

-Energy generation and hot water systems

-Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, compared to

conventional (cut CO2 emissions by 1/3)

Residential combined heat and power units (ex: 5KW)

Produces electricity, heat and has environmental benefits.

Advent can provide the

membrane electrode assemblies

(MEAs)

Auxiliary power units for caravans (300W)

Maximum output up to 250 W

Minimum running costs and optimum

price/performance ratio

High availability of the energy source (liquid gas).

Low exhaust gas and noise emissions

Operation is independent of time and weather

conditions

Suitable for all standard batteries

Intelligent system for automatic and optimised

battery recharging

PEM fuel cell applications

Advent can provide the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs)

PEM fuel cell applications

Automotive applications

7 Fuel Cell prototypes since 2001

Technology screening since 2001:

- 4 Fuel Cell technology

- 6 H2 storage systems / technology

2009

Advent can provide the

membrane electrode assemblies

(MEAs)

PEM fuel cell applications

This fuel cell based product delivers up to 25W of continuous maximum

power, weighs just 1.24 kg (2.7 lbs) and is about the size of a hardback book,

making it an ideal portable power source for the computing, communications

and sensing devices used in critical mobile and remote operations such as

military missions, emergency and disaster response, remote surveillance, and

field research and exploration.

Portable applications (25-50W)

Advent can provide the whole stack

TECHNOLOGY / INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY Advent’s Technology, Intellectual Property

1. METHOD to prepare Advent Polymer From commercial powders to monomers and polymers

2. METHOD to prepare Advent membranes

From polymer powder to films

3. METHOD to prepare Advent electrodes

From commercial catalyst and carbon cloth to a Customized electrode

4. METHOD to prepare Advent MEAs

From components to integerated Membrane Electrode Assembly product

MEA preparation procedure-IP protected

Existing pilot production in Greece

Intellectual property summary

Advent has 6 issued patents in the US and Europe.

Core IP strategy has focus on high temperature PEM technology with collateral applications such as flexible plastic type photovoltaics additionally addressed.

Edwards Angel Palmer & Dodge in Boston, and Saul Ewing LLP in Washington, DC are engaged as the Company’s patent counsel.

Advent TPS® MEA: Ideal High Temperature PEM MEAs

•Operation temperature: 150-220oC

•High carbon monoxide tolerance

•Long term stability with small voltage drop

•Endurance under differential pressure

•No need for humidified gases

•Zero degradation under cycling operating conditions

•Easy to mass production due to favorable membrane properties

Advent core MEA product

ON

O YO

n 1-n

X XO

Aromatic Polyether

High Thermal Stability

High Chemical Stability

Pyridine Polar Group

H+ Acceptor site

Hydrogen Bond site + =

Membrane, then infuse with acid

ON

O YO

x y

X XO

N

N

O X

z

O

Advent TPS® concept

MEA performance progress

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 0

300

600

900

Cu

rre

nt

den

sit

y

( mA

/cm

2 ) a

t 0

.5 V

Year

Progress at Advent Technologies

facilities

Academic Laboratories

development

Advent Technologies incorporation

H 2 /air

New product

Components we worked on:

Membrane

Catalytic layer

Hydrophobic layer

Acid on electrodes

Assembly process

MEA configuration

• Increases operation temperature • Even higher CO content reformate • Improved mechanical and chemical stability • Improved thermal integration with other subsystems

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Properties/Performance Advent TPS® New Cross linked Advent TPS®

Tg (oC) 250-255 280

Td (5% weight loss) (oC) 415 450

Conductivity (S/cm) 8*10-2 1.4*10-1

Higher operating temperature (oC) 180 220

Voltage at 0.2 A/cm2 (mV) (no alloy)

650 680

New cross linked Advent TPS®

N

NN

N

H

H

[]n

+

- H2O

H2N

H2N

NH2

NH2

HOOC COOH

/ PPA Casting & hydrolysis

PBI membrane

Monomers Solution in PPA

• PBI solution from aromatic tetra-amine and aromatic diacids

• PBI/PPA solution contains no organic solvents

• PBI membrane cast directly from reaction solution

PBI membrane chemistry

Internal Gasket

Membrane

Gas Diffusion

Electrode

Catalyst

Electrodes and MEAs

Long term stability tests CO effect on performance

Water composition effect on performance Pressure effect on performance

Customized MEAs for specific applications

Quality control and development according to market needs

Temperature: 180oC

Ambient pressure

Feed: H2/Air

Anode: 1.2

Cathode: 2.0

Influence of CO content on performance for new generation

Advent TPS®

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.90

80

160

240

320

400

480

560

640

720

800

880

960

Po

we

r d

en

sity, m

W c

m-2

V

olta

ge

, m

V

Current density, A cm-2

H2/Air

(70% H2, 1% CO, 29% CO

2)/Air

(70% H2, 2% CO, 28% CO

2)/Air

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

New directions

Advent is moving forward to the development of HTPEM stacks and systems based on its proprietary technology

During the past years Advent was mainly an MEA provider with low revenues due to the low market development of fuel cells and the limited number of MEAs and end users attributed to the recent development of HTPEM fuel cell technology.

On the development of new HTPEM fuel cell systems Advent will address the final consumer by controlling the cost throughout the production chain. In this way it will be able to affect and develop the fuel cell market penetration.

Advent HT PEM technology is combined with fuel processors companies for hydrogen production forming a state of the art integrated energy system.

The power outputs of the integrated systems will range from 50W to 10kW both for off grid remote and back-up power applications as well as cost and energy efficient stationary residential applications.

Stack & System development

Advent has already developed a fuel cell stacks of 300 W and 1kW power output for use as a battery charger.

Fuel cell stack specs (300W): Operating Temperature: 170-180oC Number of MEAs: 25 Type of MEAs: Advent TPS® Net power output :300W Dimensions: 20 cm (h) x 28 cm (l) x 22 cm (w) Voltage output: 24VDC (battery charger)

Fuel cell stacks as auxilliar power units

Power system based on LPG, hydrogen and HT PEM fuel cell integrated with battery for off-grid applications.

System specs: Fuel: Commercial propane or LPG Hydrogen production technology:Steam reforming Fuel Cell: High temperature PEM Net power output: 300W Voltage output: 24VDC (battery charger)

Auxilliar power units for refrigerators (300W)

ADVENT HAS PROVIDED THE FUEL CELL STACK

Stack & System development

Stack & System development

Regenerative PEM Fuel cells for telecom satellites

Technology characteristics: Operating Temperature: 25-180°C

Reactants: H2/O2

Products: H2O Reversible/Regenerative operation through water PEM electrolysis (1.5 kW) and high temperature PEM fuel cell (3 kW) (compact system with simplified balance of plant no compressors needed for gas storage) Life support (O2 production)

Key issues: Lifetime Degradation Gas storage (pressurized gases, metal hydrides) Heat management Water management

ESTEC Contract No. 4000109578/13/NL/SC

Contract started on March 2014 Technology Readiness Level TRL 5-6

DEMMEA

Contract No245156

Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly for High Temperature PEMFCs and Optimization of the Individual Components

IRAFC

Contract No 245202

Development of an Internal Reforming Alcohol High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

DEMSTACK

Contract No: To be signed

Understanding the degradation mechanisms of a high temperature PEMFC stack and optimization of the individual components

IRMFC

Contract No: To be signed

Development of a portable internal reforming methanol high temperature PEM fuel cell system

ESA

Contract No: To be signed

Development of a closed loop Regenerative HT-PEM Fuel Cell system

SPIN OFF SPIN OUT

Project code No: 1KAIN2009A

Combined system of hydrogen and energy production

European and national projects

ODIKES

Project code No: 09SYN-51453

Design and development of a hybrid power system for automotive vehicles

Eurostars

Project code No: E!5094

Development of a combined hydrogen and power production system with high temperature PEM fuel cells

European and national projects

Conjugated Polymers : Core materials for optoelectronic

devices

Advent strategy towards Conjugated Polymers

Background in the Organic Electronic Materials

(Conjugated Polymers) Field

European and Greek Grant Funding

- NANORGANIC 2010-2012

- ADVEPOL 2012-2014

- SMARTONICS 2013-2016

- OSNIRO 2014-2017

- MATHERO 2014-2016

Partners Partners

European and Greek Grant Funding

- NANORGANIC 2010-2012

- ADVEPOL 2012-2014

- SMARTONICS 2013-2016

- OSNIRO 2014-2017

- MATHERO 2014-2016

Partners

Customers • Sigma Aldrich • Merck Chemicals • Instituto Italiano di

technologica

Partners Industries

SIEMENS, ARKEMA, EIGHT19,

NIKOIA

Academy

University of Erlangen

University of Wuppertal

Imperial College of London

Fraunhofen Institute

Karlshure Institute

Eidhoven University

Chalmers University

www.advent-energy.com

info@advent-energy.com

Headquarters:

222 Pitkin Street, Suite 101

East Hartford

CT 06108

T: (860) 291 8832

F: (860) 291 8874

Product development / R&D:

Patras Science Park

Stadiou Str., GR 26504

Patras, Greece

T: +30 2610 911580-4

F: +30 2610 911585

COME TO SEE US AT BOOTH D72