111028 p1 tridti_resized
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01 November 2011Complexity studio
Graduation Lab UrbanismTU Delft
Tridti Patarakiatsan
BANGKOK SYNERGY
BKKs [Krung-Thep]
Bangkok SynergyA model to preserve urban heritages,integrated with rapid mass transit system
Source : www.flickr.com
CONTENT
1782-18521853-18851886-19341935-19591960-1990Urban growthDevelopment planning systemUrban developmentTransportationThe interrelation
Bangkok was ...
The consequencesPast assembled presentThe challengeConditions of MTSConditions of historic coresThe dual city
Bangkok is ...
ConfrontationThe probable scenarioRepetitous experiencesThe desirable sc enarioResearch questionEssential componentsRelevant theoriesProject positioningPossible interventionBangkok in 2030What is next?
Bangkok will ...Introduction
Bangkok with the worldBangkok with the satelliteBankok with ThailandBangkok with its governmentBangkok with LondonBangkok with its portraitBangkok with the reality Bangkok with built-up areas
00BKKs
Bangkok’s profile
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
Shanghai13,447,000
Jakarta8,500,000
Singapore5,000,000
Kuala lumpur7,300,000
Tokyo12,790,000
Bangkok Metropolitan Region[BMR]
Thailand
Bangkok10,161,694
WITH THE WORLD
Source : www.mapofworld.com
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
Source : www.earth.google.com
WITH THE SATELLITE
40 km
20 km
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
Source : Bangkok assessment report(2008), www.nationalgeographic.com
WITH THAILAND
20%BMA:72%BMR:28%
80%
50%
50%
BMA:80%BMR:20%
0.3%
99.7%
1%
350%
Area GDP Population Density
Source : Bangkok planning standard(2010)
GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES
S
E
W
N
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
S
E
W
N
S
E
W
N
S
E
W
N
CBD
Commercial center
Community center
S
E
W
N
S
E
W
N
S
E
W
N
First city
Second city
Third city
Regional and BangkokVision
Head
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
WITH LONDON
BANGKOK, Thailand London, EnglandPopulation : 10,161,694
Area : 1,568 sq.km.
Density : 5,258 people/sq.km.
Population : 7,825,200
Area : 1,572 sq.km.
Density : 4,978 people/sq.km.
Source : UK office of National statistics
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
Source : www.flickr.com
Bangkok’s icons
WITH ITS PORTRAITS
1. Siam paragon2. Khaosan road3. Traffic congestion4. The grand palace5. Jatujak outdoor market6. Food vendors and motorcycle taxi7. Skyline8. Suvarnabhumi airport9. Bangkok rapid mass transit system
1 2
8
654
97
3
Source : Department of Interior(website)
Population of Bangkok
Registered Population (Thai)
Non-registered Population (Thai) Thai-Chinese
East-Asians Indian
Others
Urban population : 19,361,000
Non-Urban population : 42,802,000
Population of Bangkok Metropolitan : 11,971,000
Concentration of urban population
5,000 - 10,000
10,000 - 15,000
15,000 - 20,000
20,000 - 25,000
25,000 - 30,000
More than 30,000
Population Density (person/sq.m.)
Toll way (Motor way)
Expressway
Ring road
Metro
Airport link rail
Main Highway
Infrastuctures
50 Districts
Density
Infrastructure
0 km. 10 km.
Area 7,761.50 sq.km.
Inhabitants 11,971,000 ppl
Registered 5,695,956 ppl
Density 4,051 ppl/sq.m.
Districts 50
Infrastructure
Airport 2
Port 1
Highways 6
Expressways 8
Subway 1
Rail system 4,346 km.
Bus 7,064
Minivan 5,519
Water bus 9
Facilities
Governance Paliament
Education 45 universities
Expo/ Conference 4
Park 16
Economic Stock market,
CBD, internat-
ional offices
International Embassies
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
WITH THE REALITY
Head
01BKKsBANGKOK ‘S PROFILE
Source : Bangkok Comprehensive Plan
WITH BUILT-UP AREAS
Low density residential area
Medium density residential area
High density residential area
Commercial area
Industrial area
Cargo area
Country-side &Agriculture protected area
Country-side &Agriculture area
Protected area
Governance area
Public space
LegendLiving
Landscape
Working & Facilities(7.74%)
(41.15%)
(51.12%)
40x20 km. BMA landuse plan
How did Bangkok look in the past?
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : : Committee for the Conservation and Development of Krung Rattanakosin and The Old Towns(2004)
Estrablishment of orginal Bangkok
1782-1852
ยังไม่มีอะไร
Built up areaInfrastructureBuilt-up area Water
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : Committee for the Conservation and Development of Krung Rattanakosin and The Old Towns(2004)
1st modernization wave
1853-1885
Built up areaInfrastructureBuilt-up area Water Road
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : Committee for the Conservation and Development of Krung Rattanakosin and The Old Towns(2004)
City expansion with transportation structures
1886-1934
Built up areaInfrastructureBuilt-up area Water Road Train
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : Committee for the Conservation and Development of Krung Rattanakosin and The Old Towns(2004)
Road network development
1935-1959
Built up areaInfrastructureBuilt-up area Water Road Train
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : Committee for the Conservation and Development of Krung Rattanakosin and The Old Towns(2004)
Urban development and landuse change
1960-1990
Built up areaInfrastructureBuilt-up area Water Road Train
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : www.flickr.com, R. Kanjanapanyakom(2008)
URBAN GROWTH
A
B
C
D
E
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
A B C D E
A B C D E
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
Source : A. Kishiue et al.(2005)
PLANNING SYSTEM
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
Water-Based Transportand Walking Period(Rama I-IV)
Transport Modernisation Period(Rama V-VIII)
Modernisation Period(Rama IX)
Outcome
Areas
Stratigies
Governance
City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
P L A N N I N GP A T T E R N
- Chakri ‘s DynastryRevolution
Plan for Dusit Area Road network develop-ment plan
Greater Bangkok’90Social Economic Develop-ment Plan 1960General Plan’92
Rebuilding of Ayutthaya
Modernization of Bangkok
Modernization ofBangkok
- -
Old castle Bangkok Dusit Area Nationwide Bangkok
Kings, Royal Government of Thailand
Kings, Royal Government of Thailand
Kings, Royal Government of Thailand
Kings, Royal Government of Thailand
Kings, Royal Government of Thailand
Smoke control (temples and factories)
Height control(partially) Height control(partially) Building code,Minimun open space ratio,Material control,Height control
Zonning
Built of temples along canals,Military service for the construction of general infrastructure
Foreign residences in BKK,Infrastructure, shophouses,Open route to China,Public facilities, Slave liberation
Interest of EU on SE Asia,King Rama V tour Europe,New political system,Import Dutch and Uk planners
Financial from U.S.A,Public housing, Building code, Commercial buildings for immigrants
Industrailization, Greater Bangkok Plan, Urban plan code, 1st socio-economic development plan, FAR, Condominium, Zonning
Governance
Master Plan/Plans
Scope andCoverage
Vision
Implementation/leader
Planning tool
Developement
Absolute Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
URBAN DEVELOPMENT Transportation
Water transportation
Road transportation
Tram
Train
Private vehicles
Urban development
Population
Urban area
Density
100%
50%
A EB C D
100%
50%
A EB C D
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
Water-Based Transportand Walking Period(Rama I-IV)
Transport Modernisation Period(Rama V-VIII)
Modernisation Period(Rama IX)
Private vehi.
Public trans.City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
Population(200000 ppl)
King RAMA(I-IX)
Year(1700s-1900s)
Built-up area(1000 ha)
Density(25 ppl/ha)
Canal length(150 km)
Road length(400 km)
Rail route length (10 km)
Rail route length (1km/10000 sq.km)
Motorcycle/10000 ppl
Trams/100 ppl
Car/10000 ppl
Bus/100 ppl
LAND USE /TRANSPORT
Phrasing
Physicle info.
Source : A. Kishiue et al.(2005)
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
TRANSPORTATION
Transportation
Water transportation
Road transportation
Tram
Train
Private vehicles
Urban development
Population
Urban area
Density
100%
50%
A EB C D
100%
50%
A EB C D
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
Water-Based Transportand Walking Period(Rama I-IV)
Transport Modernisation Period(Rama V-VIII)
Modernisation Period(Rama IX)
Private vehi.
Public trans.City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
Population(200000 ppl)
King RAMA(I-IX)
Year(1700s-1900s)
Built-up area(1000 ha)
Density(25 ppl/ha)
Canal length(150 km)
Road length(400 km)
Rail route length (10 km)
Rail route length (1km/10000 sq.km)
Motorcycle/10000 ppl
Trams/100 ppl
Car/10000 ppl
Bus/100 ppl
LAND USE /TRANSPORT
Phrasing
Physicle info.
Source : A. Kishiue et al.(2005)
02BKKsWHAT DID BANGKOK LOOK IN THE PAST?
THE INTERRELATION
1782 - 3 Canala and Chao Phraya river as transport means1852 - Pradung Krungkasem canal
1880s - Private sector in Infrastructure1853 - Rama IV road, canal1861 - Silom canal1862 - Charoen Krung rd., request from Westerns
1886 - 1892 Railway1888 - Sathon rd., canal1897 - Surawong rd, canal1894 - 1934 Tramway, Streetlight1889 - Ratchadamnoen rd.1906 - Road network plan1990 - First automobile1903 - Emerge of 4S area1934 - First bridge
- Infrastructure development- Road network built- Canal for irrigation 1951 - Commercialization of Railway
1976- Inner ring road1981 - Expressway
1782 - Define the Palace, walled city(7.23 km length)1785 - 346 ha for BKK,built temples, emerged of commercial district1840s - BKK double size1853 - Wall destruction along canals
1880s - trading firm, embas-sies1851 - Urban area 640 ha1854 - Population 400,0001855 - Foreign firms from Bowring Treaty1882 - Open trade to China, 370000 migrants
1887 - Class A residential area by private investors1890s - Hub of cargo1897 - Palace moved to Dusit1919 - Removal of wall (527,000 ppl)
1936 - urban area 4300 ha, Control of Townscape in BKK1947 - Lost of role of com-mercial district- 1950s - prohibition of trade between China and Thialand- 1957 - pop. 1831000 ppl,Landuse of 4S changed to commercial aspect
1960s - Large shopping center constructed1971 - population double, suburb development1979 - BKK sprawl,1992 - 4S became hish rise bd.
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
Tran
spor
tatio
n an
d In
tras
truc
ture
Dev
elop
men
tU
ban
Dev
elop
met
n
1782
Priority+3
+2
+1
1852 1885 1934 1959 1992
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
1782
Priority+3
+2
+1
1852 1885 1934 1959 1992
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
1782 - 3 Canala and Chao Phraya river as transport means1852 - Pradung Krungkasem canal
1880s - Private sector in Infrastructure1853 - Rama IV road, canal1861 - Silom canal1862 - Charoen Krung rd., request from Westerns
1886 - 1892 Railway1888 - Sathon rd., canal1897 - Surawong rd, canal1894 - 1934 Tramway, Streetlight1889 - Ratchadamnoen rd.1906 - Road network plan1990 - First automobile1903 - Emerge of 4S area1934 - First bridge
- Infrastructure development- Road network built- Canal for irrigation 1951 - Commercialization of Railway
1976- Inner ring road1981 - Expressway
1782 - Define the Palace, walled city(7.23 km length)1785 - 346 ha for BKK,built temples, emerged of commercial district1840s - BKK double size1853 - Wall destruction along canals
1880s - trading firm, embas-sies1851 - Urban area 640 ha1854 - Population 400,0001855 - Foreign firms from Bowring Treaty1882 - Open trade to China, 370000 migrants
1887 - Class A residential area by private investors1890s - Hub of cargo1897 - Palace moved to Dusit1919 - Removal of wall (527,000 ppl)
1936 - urban area 4300 ha, Control of Townscape in BKK1947 - Lost of role of com-mercial district- 1950s - prohibition of trade between China and Thialand- 1957 - pop. 1831000 ppl,Landuse of 4S changed to commercial aspect
1960s - Large shopping center constructed1971 - population double, suburb development1979 - BKK sprawl,1992 - 4S became hish rise bd.
Establishment of OriginalBangkok(1782-1852)
City Expansion withTransporta-tion Structure(1886-1934)
Suburb Development and Land use Change(1960-1990)
Road Network Development(1935-1959)
1st Modernization wave(1852-1885)
Tran
spor
tatio
n an
d In
tras
truc
ture
Dev
elop
men
tU
ban
Dev
elop
met
n
1782
Priority+3
+2
+1
1852 1885 1934 1959 1992
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
1782
Priority+3
+2
+1
1852 1885 1934 1959 1992
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
Source : A. Kishiue et al.(2005)
What is the consequences from the past?
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
Source : Reproduced from a map produced by BMA planning standard(2009)
THE CONSEQUENCES
Motor way
Expressway
Ring road
Metro
Main Highway
Infrastuctures
1853-1885
1886-1934
1935-1959
1960-1990
1782-1852
Urban development
. ( ) .BKK model
( ( )(
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
Source : Reproduced from a picture of R.Kanjanapanyakom(2008)
PAST ASSEMBLED PRESENT
1782 Venice of the east: Life and transportation on Canals network(Fernao Mendez Pinto 1554)
1853 Foreign influences: an ending of monopoly of the government and an emergence of foreigners(Tasaka T. 1998)
1886 Modernizing Bangkok: Road net-work, train and tram lines adopted from Europe(Pattanaek W. 2000)
1935 New towns in town: Rapid urban-ization enclaves on infrastructure node(Kaothien U. 1997)
1960 Planning act: A plan for expressways and ring roads and the period of high rise buildings(Amano K., Kishiue A. 2005)
2000 The two lines: Scatterded CBD and CSD were tied up by the Sky train(McGrath B. 2009)
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
THE CHALLENGE
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
1st - 2nd period
Urban development interrelates to infrastructure development
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
THE CHALLENGE
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
3rd- 5th period
Urban development interrelates to infrastructure development
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
THE CHALLENGE
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
6th period
Urban development interrelates to infrastructure development
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
Urban Development interrealates with infrastructure develpment
Urban Development leads infrastructure develpment
Public transportationCommunity-based development1782-1885
Urban Development follows with infrastructure develpment
Private transportationResource-based development1886-2010
Using built infrastructure development to strengthen the historic core
Mass transit transportationCivic-based development2011-????
CONDITIONS OF MTS
Sky train
Underground
Airport link
Mass transit system
Weakness
- Not integrated with local(mass)- Expensive - Commuters- Segregated transport
Strength
- More and more people using it - Increasing develop-ment and investments- Upgrading landuse and price- Fast, clean, unpoluted- Linking with public facili-ties
03BKKsWHAT DOES THE PAST EFFECT THE PRESENT?
Planned
Globalization
Formal economic
Source : www.flickr.com
CONDITIONS OF HISTORIC CORES OF BKK
?
1853-1885
1886-1934
1935-1959
1960-1990
1782-1852
Urban development
Strength- High historic value and cultural identity- Tourists’ attraction
Weakness- The consequence ofeconomic recession caused people moving out of the area- Urban fragmentaion- Lack of conectivity and accessibility- Market oriented
03BKKsWHAT DOES THE PAST EFFECT THE PRESENT?
Unplanned
Localization
Informal economic
Source : www.flickr.com
03BKKsWHAT IS THE CONSEQUENCES FROM THE PAST?
Source : www.flickr.com
THE DUAL CITY [ ]Plan - unplan
Globalization - localization
Formal - informal economic activities
What would Bangkok be in 2030?
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
Source : BMA mass transit master plan(2010)
CONFRONTATION
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
Source : BMA mass transit master plan(2010)
CONFRONTATION
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
THE PROBABLE SCENARIO
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
Sathon Road
REPETITIOUS EXPERIENCES
Secesstion
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
Sky train
Underground
Airport link
Mass transit system
Weakness
- Not integrated with local(mass)- Expensive - Commuters- Segregated transport
Strength
- More and more people using it - Increasing develop-ment and investments- Upgrading landuse and price- Fast, clean, unpoluted- Linking with public facili-ties
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
Source : www.flickr.com
MarketLocal peopleGovernmentAristocratic family Developers
Suanlum night bazaar
Sky train
Underground
Airport link
Mass transit system
Weakness
- Not integrated with local(mass)- Expensive - Commuters- Segregated transport
Strength
- More and more people using it - Increasing develop-ment and investments- Upgrading landuse and price- Fast, clean, unpoluted- Linking with public facili-ties
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
Source : www.flickr.com
MarketLocal peopleGovernmentAristocratic family Developers
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
Confliction
REPETITIOUS EXPERIENCES
Sky train
Underground
Airport link
Mass transit system
Weakness
- Not integrated with local(mass)- Expensive - Commuters- Segregated transport
Strength
- More and more people using it - Increasing develop-ment and investments- Upgrading landuse and price- Fast, clean, unpoluted- Linking with public facili-ties
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
SecessionSpatial fragmentationLifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
ConflictionDisplacement
Source : www.flickr.com
MarketLocal peopleGovernmentAristocratic family Developers
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction DisplacementNakornkasem
Replacement
REPETITIOUS EXPERIENCES
Source : www.flickr.com
Source : www.flickr.com
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction DisplacementReplacementConflictionSecession
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
PreservationHistoric value
Cultural identitySocio - economic sustainability Spatial fragmentation into
a coherent urban space
Enhancement Tranformation
THE DESIRABLE SCENARIO
SecessionSpatial fragmentation Lifestyles
DemograhicUnintended economic eviction
Generic city
Confliction Displacement
RESEARCH QUESTION
How to avoid the de-struction of historic areas when the mass transit comes at the same time enhancing social cohesion and economic viability?
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS
Literature review|METHODOLOGY
SUB RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Historic research| Interview| Case study| Technical research
How to avoid the destruction of historic areas when the mass transit comes at the same time enhance social cohesion and economic viability?
Preserve historic value, identity What is the historic value, cultural identity and its potentials of the area?
What are strategies for urban historic cores revitalization? Are strategies related to TOD?
What are benefits and conflicts of the combination of historic and new dynamics?
What are the spatial indicators and key components of urban vitality?
Are there strategies to avoid indiscriminate gentrification and preserve lifestyles?
• Revitalization• Maintain value, identity
• Develop potentials
• Generate mutual benefits• Conflicts solved
• Positive gentrification
• Urban vitality
Enhance socio-economic sustainablity
Transform
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
AContext understanding
Implementation and evaluation
Tools for design
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS
Literature review|METHODOLOGY
SUB RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Historic research| Interview| Case study| Technical research
How to avoid the destruction of historic areas when the mass transit comes at the same time enhance social cohesion and economic viability?
Preserve historic value, identity What is the historic value, cultural identity and its potentials of the area?
What are strategies for urban historic cores revitalization? Are strategies related to TOD?
What are benefits and conflicts of the combination of historic and new dynamics?
What are the spatial indicators and key components of urban vitality?
Are there strategies to avoid indiscriminate gentrification and preserve lifestyles?
• Revitalization• Maintain value, identity
• Develop potentials
• Generate mutual benefits• Conflicts solved
• Positive gentrification
• Urban vitality
Enhance socio-economic sustainablity
Transform
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
AContext understanding
Implementation and evaluation
Tools for design
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS
Literature review|METHODOLOGY
SUB RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Historic research| Interview| Case study| Technical research
How to avoid the destruction of historic areas when the mass transit comes at the same time enhance social cohesion and economic viability?
Preserve historic value, identity What is the historic value, cultural identity and its potentials of the area?
What are strategies for urban historic cores revitalization? Are strategies related to TOD?
What are benefits and conflicts of the combination of historic and new dynamics?
What are the spatial indicators and key components of urban vitality?
Are there strategies to avoid indiscriminate gentrification and preserve lifestyles?
• Revitalization• Maintain value, identity
• Develop potentials
• Generate mutual benefits• Conflicts solved
• Positive gentrification
• Urban vitality
Enhance socio-economic sustainablity
Transform
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
AContext understanding
Implementation and evaluation
Tools for design
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
RELEVANT THEORIES
Social PolarizationGentrification
The dual city
Process
Traditional Development
MTSDevelopment
HistoricRevitalization
TOD
Urban Vitality
Synergy
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
RELEVANT THEORIES
Social PolarizationGentrification
The dual city
Process
Traditional Development
MTSDevelopment
HistoricRevitalization
TOD
Urban Vitality
Synergy
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
RELEVANT THEORIES
Social PolarizationGentrification
The dual city
Process
Traditional Development
MTSDevelopment
HistoricRevitalization
TOD
Urban Vitality
Synergy
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
PROJECT POSITIONING
CurrentDesirable
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Plan Build Use
Monitor Build
Participate
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
PROJECT POSITIONING
CurrentDesirable
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Plan Build Use
Monitor Build
Participate
CurrentDesirable
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Regionaleconomic
Comprehensiveintegrated
Land usemanagement
Urbanism
Plan Build Use
Monitor Build
Participate
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
POSSIBLE INTERVENTION
Nonlinear
Management Spatial Components
OpenspaceNew Typology
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
SYNERGY[ ] MEANS...
Nonlinear
Management
Intervention
Spatial Components
OpenspaceNew Typology
economic SocialSpatial quality Function
Viability Positive Gentrification Mixed usePresearved identity,valueAmenities improved
+ +
PreservationHistoric value
Cultural identitySocio - economic sustainability Spatial fragmentation into
a coherent urban space
Enhancement Tranformation
Goal
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
BANGKOK IN 2030
Redefine the role
Governance
Pilot project integrated with the network of Bangkok MTS
Tools for decision makers and planners
A model of socio economic restructuringPolicy of denification
Land use, zonning changedSpecific project plan
Policy
04BKKsWHAT WOULD BANKOK BE IN 2030?
WHAT IS NEXT?
Literature studyTheory paperCase studyInterviewAnalysis on existing layersStatistic researchVisionDesign
Research
- Study on current conditions of Bangkokand its potential- Specified research in the field of design- Technical research
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
Theoretical framework
- Relation of TOD and urban revitalization- Spatial indicators of urban vitality- Positive gentrification- Conflicts between social and economic development
Design task
- Preliminary design proporsal- Design proporsal- Evaluation and reflection- Possibility study
Implementation on visionStrategyDesign parameter
Detailed designDesign parameterScrenarios
Specific project planEvaluationConclusion
Thank you
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