1 summary detector working group? eic meeting, hampton, may 2008 e.c. aschenauer e. kinney b. surrow

1

Summary Detector Working Summary Detector Working group?group? EIC meeting, Hampton, May 2008 EIC meeting, Hampton, May 2008

Summary Detector Working Summary Detector Working group?group? EIC meeting, Hampton, May 2008 EIC meeting, Hampton, May 2008

E.C. AschenauerE.C. Aschenauer

E. KinneyE. Kinney

B. SurrowB. Surrow

EIC @ Hampton May08EIC @ Hampton May08 E.C. AschenauerE.C. Aschenauer 22

How should the detector look likeHow should the detector look like

General requirements independent of EIC machine General requirements independent of EIC machine optionoption

cover a wide range in Qcover a wide range in Q2 2 detect scattered leptondetect scattered lepton

ep and eA need good lepton-hadron separationep and eA need good lepton-hadron separationneeded over a wide momentum rangeneeded over a wide momentum range

HermesHermes Calorimetry gives in average Calorimetry gives in average a factor 100 in lepton hadrona factor 100 in lepton hadron separation; problematic separation; problematic at low momentaat low momenta

need more PID detectorsneed more PID detectors


What is the best Detector conceptWhat is the best Detector concept

Energy loss dE/dxEnergy loss dE/dx

Cerenkov RadiationCerenkov Radiation

Too small p lever armToo small p lever arm Match radiator and lepton p-Match radiator and lepton p-rangerange

Transition Radiation:Transition Radiation:sensitive to particle sensitive to particle ((>1000)>1000)

2

2

1

1v

c

Aerogel; n=1.03

C4F10; n=1.0014

ee

1cos c n

21

m cp

Talk by M. Hartig on the ALICE TRD projectTalk by M. Hartig on the ALICE TRD project


ALICE Experiment: PID CapabilitiesALICE Experiment: PID Capabilities

(relativistic rise)

TPC: (dE/dx) = 5.5(pp) – 6.5(Pb-Pb) %TOF: < 100 psTRD: suppression 10-2 @ 90% e-efficiency


Transition Radiation DetectorTransition Radiation Detector

Radiator:• irregular structure - Polypropylen fibers - Rohacel foam (frame)• 4.8 cm thick• self supporting

Gas:• Xe/CO2 85/15 %

Drift region:• 3 cm length• 700 V/cm• 75 m CuBe wires

Amplification region:• W-Au-plated wires 25 m• gain ~ 10000

Readout:• cathode pads• 8 mm (bending plane)• 70 mm in z/beam-direction• 10 MHz

Schematic Schematic ViewView


Transition Radiation DetectorTransition Radiation Detector

Large area chambers (1-1,7 m²)Large area chambers (1-1,7 m²)

-> need high rigidity-> need high rigidity Low rad. length (15%Xo)Low rad. length (15%Xo)

-> low Z, low mass material-> low Z, low mass material

DesignDesign


Electron Identification PerformanceElectron Identification Performance

LQ Method:

Likelihood with total charge

LQX Method:

total charge + position of max. cluster

Typical signal of single particle

PID with neural network

e/-discrimination < 10-2

For 90% e-efficiency

Result of Test Beam Result of Test Beam DataData


dNch/dy = 6000

Offline Tracking PerformanceOffline Tracking Performance

Efficiency:Efficiency:• high software track-finding high software track-finding efficiencyefficiency• lower combined track efficiency lower combined track efficiency (geometrical acceptance, (geometrical acceptance, particleparticle decay )decay )• Efficiency independent of track Efficiency independent of track multiplicitymultiplicityMomentum resolution:Momentum resolution:• long lever arm ITS + TPC +TRD long lever arm ITS + TPC +TRD (4cm <r<370cm)(4cm <r<370cm)• resolution better for low resolution better for low multiplicity (p+p)multiplicity (p+p)• ppt/t/ppt t 5 % at 100 GeV/c and 5 % at 100 GeV/c and B = 0.5 TB = 0.5 T

Efficiency and Resolution for Pb+PbEfficiency and Resolution for Pb+Pb


General requirements independent of EIC machine General requirements independent of EIC machine optionoption

cover a wide range in Qcover a wide range in Q2 2 detect scattered leptondetect scattered lepton

ep and eA need good lepton-hadron separationep and eA need good lepton-hadron separationneeded over a wide momentum rangeneeded over a wide momentum range

ep and eA need hadron identificationep and eA need hadron identificationwide momentum range wide momentum range RICH RICH

ep: 1 < p < 10GeV ep: 1 < p < 10GeV > 140> 140oo; eA:; eA: ????


http://www.jlab.org/Hall-D/meetings/php2008/talks/dallatorre.rich.ppthttp://www.jlab.org/Hall-D/meetings/php2008/talks/dallatorre.rich.ppt


THE FAMILY OF RICH COUNTERSTHE FAMILY OF RICH COUNTERS

With focalizationWith focalizationExtended radiatorExtended radiator

(gas)(gas)

the only approach the only approach

at high momenta at high momenta

(p > 5-6 GeV/c)(p > 5-6 GeV/c)

EXAMPLES: SELEX,EXAMPLES: SELEX,

OMEGA, DELPHI, SLD-CRID, HeraB, HERMES, OMEGA, DELPHI, SLD-CRID, HeraB, HERMES, COMPASS, LHCbCOMPASS, LHCb

Proximity focusingProximity focusingthin radiatorthin radiator

(liquid, solid)(liquid, solid)

Effective Effective

at low momenta at low momenta

(p < 5-6 GeV/c)(p < 5-6 GeV/c)

EXAMPLES: STAR,EXAMPLES: STAR,

ALICE HMPID, HERMES, CLEO IIIALICE HMPID, HERMES, CLEO III

DIRCDIRCQuartz as radiator and as light guideQuartz as radiator and as light guide

Effective at low momenta Effective at low momenta

(p < 5-6 GeV/c)(p < 5-6 GeV/c)

The only existing DIRC The only existing DIRC waswas in operation at BABAR in operation at BABAR


SINGLE PHOTON DETECTORS ISINGLE PHOTON DETECTORS Isinglesingle photon detectors : photon detectors :

the CENTRAL QUESTION since the beginning of the RICH the CENTRAL QUESTION since the beginning of the RICH eraera

3 groups3 groups (with examples, not exhaustive lists)(with examples, not exhaustive lists)

Vacuum based PDsVacuum based PDsPMTS PMTS (SELEX, Hermes, BaBar DIRC)(SELEX, Hermes, BaBar DIRC)MAPMTs MAPMTs (HeraB, COMPASS RICH-1 upgrade)(HeraB, COMPASS RICH-1 upgrade)

Flat pannels (various test beams, proposed for CBM)Flat pannels (various test beams, proposed for CBM)Hybride PMTs Hybride PMTs (LHCb)(LHCb)MCP-PMT MCP-PMT (all the studies for the high time resolution applications)(all the studies for the high time resolution applications)

Gaseous PDsGaseous PDsOrganic vapours - in practice only TMAE and TEA Organic vapours - in practice only TMAE and TEA (Delphi, OMEGA, SLD (Delphi, OMEGA, SLD CRID, CLEO III)CRID, CLEO III)Solid photocathodes and open geometry Solid photocathodes and open geometry (HADES, COMPASS, ALICE, (HADES, COMPASS, ALICE, JLAB-HALL A)JLAB-HALL A)Solid photocathodes and closed geometries Solid photocathodes and closed geometries (FENIX HBD, even if w/o (FENIX HBD, even if w/o imaging)imaging)

Si PDsSi PDsSilicon PMs Silicon PMs (first tests only recently)(first tests only recently)


SINGLE PHOTON DETECTORS IISINGLE PHOTON DETECTORS IIR&D:R&D:the requests:the requests: QE:QE: high QE (above standard PMT photocathodes having high QE (above standard PMT photocathodes having

peak-values of 20-25 %)peak-values of 20-25 %) r:r: rate capabilities (> 100 kHz/ mm rate capabilities (> 100 kHz/ mm22)) t:t: time resolution below 100 ps time resolution below 100 ps B:B: insensitivity to high magnetic fields (B=1T and more) insensitivity to high magnetic fields (B=1T and more) $:$: reasonable costs to make large systems affordable reasonable costs to make large systems affordable L:L: Large area and wide angular acceptance of each single Large area and wide angular acceptance of each single

sensor sensor

the approaches:the approaches:Poly- and nano-crystalline diamond-based photocathodes Poly- and nano-crystalline diamond-based photocathodes (QE)(QE)Photocathodes based on C nanotubesPhotocathodes based on C nanotubes (QE) (QE)Hybrid avalanche photodiodes HAPD Hybrid avalanche photodiodes HAPD (B) (B) Si photomultipliers Si photomultipliers (QE,r,t,B)(QE,r,t,B)Microchannel plate (MCP) PMTs Microchannel plate (MCP) PMTs (B,t)(B,t)MPGDs + CsI MPGDs + CsI (r, B, $)(r, B, $)ARCALUXARCALUX ($)($)Large, wide aperture (hybride) PMTsLarge, wide aperture (hybride) PMTs (L) (L)

astroparticle astroparticle experimentsexperiments

promisingpromisingfor a far for a far futurefuture


TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Radiator materialsRadiator materialsaerogelaerogel material (BELLE material (BELLE upgrade, super B factory)upgrade, super B factory)radiation hardness of radiation hardness of fused fused silica silica (future DIRCs in (future DIRCs in PANDA)PANDA)gas systemsgas systems (C-F gasses: (C-F gasses: DIRAC, LHCb)DIRAC, LHCb)

Mirrors & opticsMirrors & opticsconstruction of construction of light mirrorslight mirrors (LHCb)(LHCb)Mirror Mirror reflectivityreflectivity (MAGIC) (MAGIC)Mirror alignment Mirror alignment monitoringmonitoring (COMPASS, LHCb)(COMPASS, LHCb)Mirror alignment Mirror alignment adjustment adjustment (COMPASS)(COMPASS)(Dichroic) mirrors(Dichroic) mirrors for for focusing DIRC and TOP focusing DIRC and TOP approachesapproaches

ElectronicsElectronicsSelf-triggered Self-triggered read-out read-out electronics (CBM)electronics (CBM)Fast electronicsFast electronics (COMPASS) (COMPASS)

Detector control (LHCb)Detector control (LHCb)

Patter recognition and PID Patter recognition and PID algorithmsalgorithms

Making Making use of tracking use of tracking informationinformation (ALICE, (ALICE, COMPASS, LHCb)COMPASS, LHCb)w/o trackingw/o tracking information information (HTA, ALICE)(HTA, ALICE)HL trigger capabilities HL trigger capabilities (LHCb)(LHCb)calibrationcalibration software software (LHCb)(LHCb)for for specific applicationsspecific applications

for the for the TOP TOP conceptconceptfor the for the focusing focusing aerogel RICHaerogel RICH

This is the RICH2007 shopping list;

This is the RICH2007 shopping list;

I copy it here to give a flavour about

I copy it here to give a flavour about

the effort for the technological

the effort for the technological

complements of RICH detectors

complements of RICH detectors


RADIATOR MATERIALSRADIATOR MATERIALS

the “low momentum” domain <10 GeV/c: the “low momentum” domain <10 GeV/c: Aerogel vs quartzAerogel vs quartz AerogelAerogel

Separation up to Separation up to higher momenta (but Rayleight, higher momenta (but Rayleight, transmission …)transmission …)Lower density Lower density smaller perturbationsmaller perturbation of particle of particle trajectories, trajectories, limited numberlimited number of photons (variable index of of photons (variable index of refraction to partially overcome)refraction to partially overcome)Progresses in aerogel productionProgresses in aerogel production

QuartzQuartz saturation at saturation at lower momenta (but removing lower momenta (but removing chromaticity…)chromaticity…)high density high density large numberlarge number of photons, of photons, trajectory trajectory perturbationperturbationexcellent transparency, excellent mechanical characteristics excellent transparency, excellent mechanical characteristics detectors of the DIRC familydetectors of the DIRC family

the “high momentum” domain > 10 GeV/c: the “high momentum” domain > 10 GeV/c: gas radiatorsgas radiatorslow densitylow density gasses for the gasses for the highest momentahighest momenta or the best or the best resolutions (NA62)resolutions (NA62)Still a major role played by Still a major role played by C-F gassesC-F gasses; availability of C4F10 ; availability of C4F10 ……Gas systemsGas systems for purity (transparency) and pressure control for purity (transparency) and pressure control


AEROGEL NEWS IAEROGEL NEWS I

News from NOVOSIBIRSK

PRODUCTION STATUSPRODUCTION STATUS

~2000 liters have been produced for KEDR ASHIPH detector, n=1.05

14 blocks 20020050 mm have been produced for LHCb RICH, n=1.03

~200 blocks 11511525 mm have been produced for AMS RICH, n=1.05

n=1.13 aerogel for SND ASHIPH detector

n=1.008 aerogel for the DIRAC

3-4 layers focusing aerogel

High optical parameters (Lsc≥43mm at 400 nm)Precise dimensions (<0.2 mm)

E. KRAVCHENKO E. KRAVCHENKO @ RICH2007@ RICH2007


AEROGEL NEWS IIAEROGEL NEWS II

News from JAPANNews from JAPAN3rd generation:2002- A-RICH for Belle upgrade (new solvent) Home made !

largely improved transparencyvery good homogeneity both density and chemical comp.

2-layer samples4th generation: high density aerogel

prototype result with 3 GeV/c pions

2005 sample

2001 sample

n~1.050

photon yield is not limited by radiator transparency up to ~50mmn =

1.045

n = 1.050

160mm

transmission length(400nm): 46mm

n = 1.22

60x35x10mm3

transmission length: 18mm at 400nm

I. ADACHI @ RICH2007I. ADACHI @ RICH2007


Talks on general detector R&DTalks on general detector R&D

SiPMsSiPMsTalk by Stepan Stepanyan Hall BTalk by Stepan Stepanyan Hall B

Talk by Roman Poeschl on R&D activities in EUDET Talk by Roman Poeschl on R&D activities in EUDET


SiPMsSiPMs

Hamamatsu MPPCs - low noise level and high gain, ~10Hamamatsu MPPCs - low noise level and high gain, ~1066

High efficiency (~50%) at 500 nm (green WS fibers)High efficiency (~50%) at 500 nm (green WS fibers)

Small active area, 1x1 mmSmall active area, 1x1 mm22, is not a problem for readout of 1mm , is not a problem for readout of 1mm

diameter fiberdiameter fiber


Hamamatsu MPPC (SiPM) – S10362-11-100UHamamatsu MPPC (SiPM) – S10362-11-100U

1p.e.

3p.e.

5p.e. 7p.e.

9p.e.

11p.e.

ADC Pedestal

1 ADC ch = 5 fC


ADC spectrum from G12 exp. @ Hall-BADC spectrum from G12 exp. @ Hall-B

No selection cuts

Cut on the time difference with tagged photon

channelsADCep 75..1

~15p.e.


Summery SiPM @ Hall BSummery SiPM @ Hall B

Charged particle detector for the forward region of the CLAS was Charged particle detector for the forward region of the CLAS was designed and built using 1cm thick, 3.8x3.8 cmdesigned and built using 1cm thick, 3.8x3.8 cm2 2 scintillator plates scintillator plates (pixels) with embedded 1 mm diameter green WS fibers for light (pixels) with embedded 1 mm diameter green WS fibers for light transporttransport

As a photo detector, HAMAMATSU MPPC, S10362-11-100U, is As a photo detector, HAMAMATSU MPPC, S10362-11-100U, is usedused

Gain vs. Voltage for 100 MPPCs were measured, all 100 samples Gain vs. Voltage for 100 MPPCs were measured, all 100 samples were within the manufacture’s specificationswere within the manufacture’s specifications

Readout boards were made without pre-amps, external Readout boards were made without pre-amps, external amplifiers, Philips 778, 16 channels amplifiers are used insteadamplifiers, Philips 778, 16 channels amplifiers are used instead

From test measurements, 16 photo-electrons are expected for 2 From test measurements, 16 photo-electrons are expected for 2 MeV energy deposition for each fiber (MPPC)MeV energy deposition for each fiber (MPPC)

Preliminary beam results show no change in the gain and Preliminary beam results show no change in the gain and efficiency of MPPC. But, some of them just quit! efficiency of MPPC. But, some of them just quit!

During the summer gain characteristics of each MPPC will be During the summer gain characteristics of each MPPC will be studied in order to see effect of radiation damage, if anystudied in order to see effect of radiation damage, if any


SiPMs @ Hall DSiPMs @ Hall D

3x3 mm3x3 mm22 A35H (3640 pixels, 60% fill) A35H (3640 pixels, 60% fill)

Five 4x4 arrays (A35H) Five 4x4 arrays (A35H) first arrays first arrays everever

Detailed plan to improve performance Detailed plan to improve performance ongoingongoing


SiPMs @ Hall DSiPMs @ Hall DBCal readout: SiPMBCal readout: SiPM2.5 V

1.0 V

3.5 V

@ Room Temperature1 pe2 pe

3 pe

4 pe

5 pe

Final SiPM for BCal:Final SiPM for BCal: Size: 1.2 cm x 1.2 cmSize: 1.2 cm x 1.2 cm PDE: > 12% PDE: > 12% Dark rate: < 41MHzDark rate: < 41MHz Cross Talk: < 3%Cross Talk: < 3% Dynamic Range: 10Dynamic Range: 1044

Signal Width: < 80nsSignal Width: < 80ns


R&D @ EUDETR&D @ EUDET



General requirements dependent on EIC machine General requirements dependent on EIC machine optionoption

very small angle lepton detectorsvery small angle lepton detectors

integration in machine lattice; technology?integration in machine lattice; technology?

very small angle proton / nucleus detectors for very small angle proton / nucleus detectors for

diffractive / exclusive physicsdiffractive / exclusive physics

integration in machine lattice; technologyintegration in machine lattice; technology

luminosity measurement luminosity measurement

ep: 1% systematic eA: ???ep: 1% systematic eA: ???

integrate in beam lattice integrate in beam lattice background, background, acceptanceacceptance

lepton and proton polarisation measurementslepton and proton polarisation measurements

ep: 1% systematicep: 1% systematic

lepton: integration in machine lattice lepton: integration in machine lattice background background

proton: impact on proton beam proton: impact on proton beam emittance emittance


Important Items not yet coveredImportant Items not yet covered

Magnetic field configurationMagnetic field configurationmomentum / angular resolution: momentum / angular resolution:

ep: 1% ep: 1% p/p / ?? eA: ?? / ??p/p / ?? eA: ?? / ??

could a dipol – solenoid option be used to docould a dipol – solenoid option be used to do

separate e & p(A) beamsseparate e & p(A) beams

could it be used as a analyzer for could it be used as a analyzer for exclusive/diffractive exclusive/diffractive

recoil particlesrecoil particles

impact on ELIC designimpact on ELIC designcrab crossing anglecrab crossing angle

Vertex trackerVertex trackerresolution:resolution:

ep: 25ep: 25m (?) eA: ?m (?) eA: ?



Impact of ELIC design on detector designImpact of ELIC design on detector design design of L1-trigger for 1.5GHz repetition ratedesign of L1-trigger for 1.5GHz repetition rate

Talks by Chris Cuevas and John LajoieTalks by Chris Cuevas and John Lajoie


The RHIC DetectorsThe RHIC Detectors

• Trigger L0,L1,L2 • Parallel pipeline architecture (L0 ~1.5s)• Single pipeline (DSM “tree”)• ~1000 bytes into L0 per crossing• L0 a mix of LUT and FPGA logic• Supports “partitioned” running• Global supervisor (TSU)• ~100 Hz DAQ rate (1kHz DAQ1000)

• Trigger L1, L2 • Parallel pipeline architecture (L1 ~4s)• L1 pipeline for each trigger system• ~5200 bytes into L1 per crossing• L1 almost entirely FPGA Logic • Supports “partitioned” running• Global supervisor (GL1)• 6kHz DAQ rate (8-10 kHz in future)

STAR


Summary from RHIC Trigger experienceSummary from RHIC Trigger experience

Plan on things changingPlan on things changingThey will, multiple times, and in ways you don’t expectThey will, multiple times, and in ways you don’t expect

Design the trigger system to be as insensitive to beam Design the trigger system to be as insensitive to beam conditions as possible. conditions as possible.

Plan this from the beginningPlan this from the beginning

Keep the trigger electronics out of the IRKeep the trigger electronics out of the IRSEU’s significant at high luminositiesSEU’s significant at high luminosities

Can be mitigated if necessary, but complicatedCan be mitigated if necessary, but complicated

2ns (500 Mhz) is fast!2ns (500 Mhz) is fast!Not clear (at least to me) that future advances in FPGA logic Not clear (at least to me) that future advances in FPGA logic will push in our direction as fast as we would like. will push in our direction as fast as we would like.

R&D may be needed, ASICS are expensive…R&D may be needed, ASICS are expensive…

Progress in chips:Progress in chips:Xilinx Virtex-5 (2007) – 550 MhzXilinx Virtex-5 (2007) – 550 MhzXilinx Virtex-4 (2004) – 500 MhzXilinx Virtex-4 (2004) – 500 MhzAltera Stratix IV – 533 MhzAltera Stratix IV – 533 Mhz


Hall D @ JLabHall D @ JLab

Situation:Situation: every 2ns an electron bunch every 2ns an electron bunch 500MHz 500MHz 101088 photons/s photons/s

Rate Requirements:Rate Requirements: after level 1: < 200kHzafter level 1: < 200kHz after level 3: < 20kHz to tape (eventsize: 15kB)after level 3: < 20kHz to tape (eventsize: 15kB)

& ~300MHz EM-background& ~300MHz EM-background

Need fully pipelined and very fast readout electronicsNeed fully pipelined and very fast readout electronics


Hall D @ JLabHall D @ JLabLevel 1 Trigger – Dataflow View

CTPBCAL SUM

CTPFCAL SUM

TOF HIT COUNT

START COUNTERHIT COUNT

TAGGER ENERGY

SSPENERGY SUM(8 INPUTS)

FADC

FADC

FADC

FADC

FADC -VXS-

-VXS-

-VXS-

-VXS-

-VXS-

-Fiber links-12 Crates


-Fiber links-2 Crates* Longest Link *


-Fiber link-1 Crates

GTP

Select FCAL Energy,BCALEnergy,PhotonEnergy,ANDHit Counts<,>,=

TRIGGERSUPERVISOR

-----------------CLOCKTRIGGERSYNC

ROC CONTROL

Signal distribution to Front End Crates (Fiber Links)

SSPENERGY SUM(8 INPUTS)

SSPHIT COUNT(8 INPUTS)

SSPHIT COUNT(8 INPUTS)

SSPPHOTON E(8 INPUTS)

‘Crate’ ‘SubSystem’ ‘Global’ ‘Trigger Supervisor’



Impact of ELIC design on detector designImpact of ELIC design on detector design design of L1-trigger for 1.5GHz repetition ratedesign of L1-trigger for 1.5GHz repetition rate

Talks by Chris Cuevas and John LajoieTalks by Chris Cuevas and John Lajoie need numbers on reachable IP vacuum for ELICneed numbers on reachable IP vacuum for ELIC

to calculate as soon as possible hadronic background to calculate as soon as possible hadronic background andand

occupancyoccupancy

all detectors have to be extremely fastall detectors have to be extremely fast conventional wire chambers excludedconventional wire chambers excluded Cerenkov to trigger on scattered electron – maybeCerenkov to trigger on scattered electron – maybe proton & lepton forward detectors can they work???proton & lepton forward detectors can they work???

high occupancy due to beam gas eventshigh occupancy due to beam gas events fine segmentation fine segmentation detector cost detector cost pumps in IR pumps in IR acceptance acceptance

lepton and hadron polarimeterslepton and hadron polarimeters how can we measure bunch polarizations @ 1.5GHzhow can we measure bunch polarizations @ 1.5GHz need to sort out polarization bunch patternneed to sort out polarization bunch pattern


Summary & OutlookSummary & Outlook

Very interesting talks during the subgroup meeting Very interesting talks during the subgroup meeting Need to address the important questions soonNeed to address the important questions soon

Magnetic field, .......Magnetic field, .......

Should go for a an easy to use detector simulationShould go for a an easy to use detector simulationmaybe a full blown Geant4 is a bit earlymaybe a full blown Geant4 is a bit early

interesting talk from Mark Ito on parametric MC interesting talk from Mark Ito on parametric MC optionsoptions

More regular contact between working groups More regular contact between working groups would be helpfulwould be helpful

1 summary detector working group? eic meeting, hampton, may 2008 e.c. aschenauer e. kinney b. surrow

Documents

low momenta p

high momenta p

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wide range

good leptonhadron

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compass rich

high software track