1 r. saiju under the supervision of s. heier, university of kassel isolated grid with micro-hydro...
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1
R. Saiju
under the supervision of
S. Heier, University of Kassel
Isolated Grid with Micro-Hydro Power Plant , PV System and
Diesel Genset as Back up System
Agenda
Aims
New HPS Possibility
Models
Control Structure
Conclusion
Aims of the Research Work
Exploring possibilities to develop new HPS without batteries
For that following models has been developed
PV Plant Diesel generator Plant Micro-Hydro Power Plant HPS – PV+Micro-Hydro
Implementation of Hybrid Power System (HPS) model to develop, test and verify new control strategies
Development of new hardware prototype using micro-controller, test and verify
New HPS without battery
W ater flow fromthe river
W aterturbine SM
Voltage-frequencycontroller
W aterR eservo ir
3~
ASM
frequencycontroller
DieselTank
Load Managem ent Unit
ET
SgridPf
W f
W L
fgrid
V grid
PW
fgridVgrid
PD
PowerC ontro ller
M C B
C B
VfieldP D
PW Vfield
Ppv
Ppvref
Vpv
H ybrid Power SystemSystem Layout
E
IsolatedG rid
Formation of mini-grid AC-Coupled
Expandable: Possible to connect other sources like WTG, Loads
Modular: with same control structure
State variables formationby micro-hydro
Suitability
The new concept is suitable for the developing, mauntainous countries
Focus country: Nepal
Remote area:
No road access, No grid connection, small rivers available, and sufficient radiation through out the year, specially in dry winter season
For example: 1000 W/m2 nearly 300 days/ year
Some Remote Areas
Present Micro-Hydro
Example: Khani Khola Micro-Hydro Village Electrification Project
Maximum discharge in Jan: 390 lpsAverage Discharge: 151.03 lpsDesigned discharge: 113 lps
Installed Capacity: 18 kWNo. of electrified Houses: 219
Frequency controller: Electronic Load Controller (No water flow regulation)It means the rural electrification is only focused where water flow is more than requirement.
Advantages from new philosophy
Possible to electrify villages where water
discharge is not much high
Utilisation of maximum solar energy which is
available nearly 300 days/year
Possible to avoid expansive and complicated
battery system
Guarantee of electricity with help of diesel genset
Models
Micro Hydro Power Plant
PV Power Plant
Diesel Genset
HPS-PV+Micro-Hydro
Micro-Hydro Power Plant
Voltage control through AVRFrequency control through water regulation12
13
81.9
15
11.0
6.0
)(100****
smg
mH
smQ
WattsgHQPwater
Results
PV Power Plant
Control System1:
Grid load comparison with available solar Irradiation,
Voltage guard (If grid voltage is less then lower Level, PV system is disconnected.)
Capacity: 10 kW
Inside PV System
Results
For constant load and increasing irradiation
Diesel Genset
Due to low cost, robust construction 3 phase induction
generator is used in diesel genset.A capacitor is used to excite the generator at no load
condition.Mathematical representation
111
111
111
111
dd
dq
qd
dd
dt
dIRU
dt
dIRU
dt
dIR
dt
dIR
dd
2'
2'
2'
2'
2'
2'
0
0
2'
111
2'
111
qhqd
dhdd
ILIL
ILIL
12'
2'
2'
12'
2'
2'
qhqq
dhdd
ILIL
ILIL
2'
2'
2'
2' ... qddqel IIpM
2'
2'
1
1
2
2
1
1
2'
2'
1
1
*
'00
0'0
00
00
q
d
q
d
h
h
h
h
q
d
q
d
I
I
I
I
LL
LL
LL
LL
Isolated Operation
hc Lj
UICjUI
00. hh LfL
C22 2
11
recc III NLC -> LC ->
Results.. Showing behaviour of system
Fig. 1: Ramp Load Increment
For given constant capacitor voltage collapse.
Fig. 2: Voltage establishment by increasing capacitor.
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Isolated Grid, PV-Micro-Hydro System
In this model, diesel genset is to be integrated. Synchronous generator runs at no load , if diesel genset has to deliver power in absence of sufficient water flow.
Results
S ta rt
Iso la tedG rid
D ynam icsP w
S g rid P f
P P
P D
Isfg rid> f ref
?
R educe P D andcheck f g rid up to
P D = 0
R educe P P andcheck f g rid up to
P P = 0
R educe P W andcheck f g rid up to
P W = P w_nl
D o no t s to reW ate r
S to re the av a ilab lew a te r
W L< W m axIs
?
IsP D> 0
?
IsP P> 0
?
IsP W > 0
?
N oY es
Y es
N o
Y es
N o
Y es
N o
Y es
Isfg rid> f ref
?
N o
IsW f< W av
?
N o
IsW L> W m in
?
Y es
O pen therese rv o ir v a lv e
inc rease P W
S ta rt the d iese lgense t ID = Ie
N o
Increase thew a te r flow and P w
P D
fg rid V g rid
P W
IsVg rid> V ref
?
IsVg rid< V ref
?
D ecrease thefie ld cu rren t
Inc rease thefie ld cu rren t
P g rid Q g rid
P Q
N o
Y es
N o
Y es Y es
P W
Control Structure for Microcontroller System
Conclusion
Such HPS explores the possibility to electrify remote areas using
locally available renewable energy sources
System is economical and compact due to absence of batteries
Simulation models show good results and it is possible to develop
hardware system based upon this model