1. overview of disasters
TRANSCRIPT
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OVERVIEW OF DISASTERMANAGEMENT IN INDIA
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STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION
TERMINOLOGIES RELATED TO DISASTERMANAGEMENTTYPES OF NATURAL DISASTERSCONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL DISASTERSHAZARD/DISASTER PROFILE OF INDIA
DIVISION OF INDIA AS PER VULNERABILITYDAMAGE DUE TO NATURAL DISASTERS IN INDIANATIONAL OBJECTIVES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTNEED FOR NATIONAL POLICY ON DISASTERMANAGEMENT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
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TERMINOLOGIES
HAZARD: A threatening event, or the probability of occurrence
of a potentially damaging phenomenon within a given timeperiod and area is called a Hazard.
DISASTER: A serious disruption of the functioning of a
society, causing wide spread human, material orenvironmental losses, which exceed the ability of, affectedsociety to cope using only its own resources is called a
Disaster.
VULNERABILITY:The degree of loss to a given element atrisk or set of elements resulting from the occurrence of a
natural phenomenon of a given magnitude and expressed on ascale from 0-(no damage) to 1- (total damage) is called
Vulnerability.
Hazard * Vulnerability = Disaster(Source:isdr.net)
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TYPES OF DISASTERS
Natural Disaster : Hydro-meteorological: Avalanches/landslides,
Drought/famines, extreme temperature, floods,forest/scrub fires, wind storms, and other
(insect infestation and wave/surges) Geophysical : Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions.Non-natural Disaster : Industrial: Chemical spill, collapse of industrial
structures, explosion, fire. Miscellaneous: Collapse of domestic structures,
explosion, fire Transport: Air, rail, road and water borne
accidents.
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SOCIAL, ECONOMIC & HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL CALAMITIES
S.
No.Consequences
NATURAL CALAMITIES
Earth-
Quake
Cyclone Flood Fir
e
Drought/
Famine
1. Loss of life
X X X X
2. Injury X X X X X
3. Epidemiological threat X X
4. Loss of crops X X X
5. Loss of housing X X X X
6. Damage to infrastructure X X X X
7. Disruption of
communications
X X X X
8. Disruption of transport X X X X
9. Panic X X X X
10. Looting X X X X
11. Breakdown of social order X X X
12. Short-term migrations X X
13. Permanent migration #
14. Loss of Industrial production X X X X #
15. Loss of Business X X X X #
16 Distruption of marketing
systems
X X X X #
LEGEND :
X - Direct Consequences
# - Secondary Consequences
So
urce:NaturalDis
asterManageme
nt.Org.in
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ASIA PACIFIC- 60% of worlds natural disasters.
1988-
1997
5116 lives 24.79 million affected every
year
1998 9846 34.11 million people affected
1999 10000 Thousands homeless
2001 16000
28% of countrystotal cultivable areain drought prone
57% of India isearth quakeprone.
76 Lakh hac. Ofland are flooded
every year.
A
LARMINGSTATISTICS
.
spiraling out of
control, increasing in
frequency, causing
more and more
injury, disability,
disease and death,
adding to the health,
economic and social
burden of an already
impoverished nation.
DISASTER PROFILE OF INDIA
Source: www.infochangeindia.org
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DIVISION OF INDIA AS PER
NATURAL DISASTERS
SEISMIC ZONES OF INDIA
WIND AND CYCLONE ZONES OF
INDIAFLOOD ZONES OF INDIA
DROUGHT PRONE AREAS OFINDIA
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SEISMIC ZONES
ZONE-1 VERY LOWDAMAGED RISKZONE
ZONE-2 LOW DAMAGED
RISK ZONE
ZONE-3 MODERATEDAMAGE RISKZONE
ZONE-4 HIGH DAMAGE
RISK ZONE
ZONE-5 VERY HIGHDAMAGE RISKZONE
Source: gujrat-earthquake.gov.in
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NEW IDENTIFIED SEISMIC ZONES OLD SEISMIC ZONES
source: vulnearability maps of india.comSource:Seismic map of india.htm
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Sno.
year Districtsaffected
Villagesaffected(no)
Populationaffected(lakh)
Cropareaaffected(lakhhac.)
Housesdamaged (no)
Human lifeloss(no)
Cattleloss(no)
Estimavalue of lossof houses(incrores)
Estimaloss ofpublicproperties (rs.Incrores)
1 1999 202
33,158
328.1 8.45 884,823
1,375 3,861
.72 -
2 2000 200
29,964
416.24 34.8 2,736,355
3,048 102,121
631.3 389.7
3 2001 122
32,363
210.71 18.7 346,878
834 21,269
631.3 676.0
Annual Damage due to Heavy Rains, Landslide and Floods
YEAR 2000 SHOWS THE HEAVY LOSSES IN EACH
TERM OTHER THAN LOSS IN PUBLIC PROPERTY
Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division, Ministry of Agriculture
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ESTIMATED VALUE LOSS OF HOUSES ( IN CRORES)
0.72
631.3 631.3
0
100
200
300
400500
600
700
1999 2000 2001
Annual Damage due to Heavy Rains, Landslide and Floods
E4STIMATED VALUE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY (IN
CRORES)
389.7
676
0
200
400
600
800
2000 2001
YEAR
POPULATION AFFECTED (LAKH)
328.1
416.24
210.71
0
50
100150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1999 2000 2001
VILLAGES AFFECTED
33,158
29,964
32,363
28,000
29,000
30,000
31,000
32,000
33,000
34,000
1999 2000 2001
HOUSES DAMAGED
884,823
2,736,355
346,878
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
1999 2000 2001
CROP AREA AFFECTED(LAKH HAC.)
8.45
34.8
18.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1999 2000 2001
Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division, Ministry of Agriculture
MAP SHOWING FLOOD ZONES OF INDIA
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MAP SHOWING FLOOD ZONES OF INDIA
source: vulnerability maps of india.com
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Affected due to wind storms
27,00030,000
13,870,008
4,661,393
7,335,000
428,60072,500100
8,000,000
3,700,000
1,900,000
80,000
3,300,100
105,0001,335,0001,556,800
5,300,493
131,700
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,00012,000,000
14,000,000
16,000,000
Year
2001 1999 1997 1995 1993 1991 1989 1987 1985 1983years
No.
Killed due to w ind
99
10,205
3,471
25806128219186 251251,843
93 74 166390709524782744805153
0
5000
10000
15000
Year
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
1987
1985
1983
Source: EM-DAT, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
DAMAGE DUE TO WIND AND CYCLONE IN INDIA
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source: vulnerability maps of india.com
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Losses due to drought
Sno.
year Districtsaffected
Villagesaffected(no)
Populationaffected(lakh)
Crop areaaffected(lakhhac.)
Estimatedvalue ofdamagecrop
Cattlepopulationaffectedin lakh
1 1999 125 - 369.88 134.22 6.44 345.60
2 2000 110 54,883 378.14 367.00 371.87 541.67
3 2001 103 22,255 88.19 67.44 NA 34.28
Total 338 77,138 836.21 568.66 378.31 921.55
Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division,
Ministry of Agriculture
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CATTLE POPULATION AFFECTED IN
LAKH
345.6
541.67
34.28
0
200
400
600
1999 2000 2001
YEAR
NO.
POPULATION AFFECTED
369.88 378.14
88.19
836.21
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1999 2000 2001 Total
CROP AREA AFFECTED(LAKH HAC.)
134.22
367
67.44
568.66
0
200
400
600
1999 2000 2001 Total
VILLAGES AFFECTED
54,883
22,255
77,138
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
2000 2001 Total
DISTRICTS AFFECTED
125 110 103
338
0
100
200
300
400
1999 2000 2001 Total
ESTIMATED VALUE OF DAMAGE CROP
6.44
371.87 378.31
0
100
200
300
400
1999 2000 2001 Total
Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division,Ministry of Agriculture00
LOSSES DUE TO DROUGHT
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source:vulnerabilitymapsofindia
.com
INDIA- DROUGHT PRONE AREAS
CUMMULATIVE DISASTER HAZARDS
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Events
3 3
5
2 1
3
1 2 1 2 2 2 1
0123
456
Year
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
1987
1985
1983
Nos
Affected
100200,1562,030
1,119,535
25
2,500,200
5,112
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
Yea
r
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1989
1987
1985
1983
1981
year
Nos
DISASTERS DUE TO LANDSLIDES
Source: EM-DAT, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
CUMMULATIVE DISASTER HAZARDS
Damage due to Natural Disasters in India
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Damage due to Natural Disasters in India
Year People affected(LAKH)
Houses &buildings, partiallyor Totallydamaged
Amount ofproperty damage/loss in crores
1985 595.6 2,449,878 40.06
1986 550 2,049,277 30.74
1987 483.4 2,919,380 20.57
1988 101.5 242,533 40.63
1989 30.1 782,340 20.41
1990 31.7 1,019,930 10.711991 342.7 1,190,109 10.90
1992 190.2 570,969 20.05
1993 262.4 1,529,916 50.80
1994 235.3 1,051,223 10.83
1995 543.5 2,088,355 40.73
1996 549.9 2,376,693 50.43
1997 443.8 1,103,549 n.a.
1998 521.7 1,563,405 0.72
1999 501.7 3,104,064 1020.97
2000 594.34 2,736,355 800
2001 788.19 846,878 12000
Source
:An
nualReports,NDMDivision,MinistryofAgriculture
Damage d e to Nat ral Disasters in India
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595.6550
483.4
1 01 .5
30.1 31 .7
342.7
1 90.2
262.4235.3
543.5 549.9
443.8
521 .7 501 .7
594.34
788.1 9
0
1 00
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
YEAR
PEOPLE
AF
FECTED(LAKH)
Houses & buildings, partially or Totally damaged
2,449,8782,049,277
2,919,380
242,533782,340
1,019,9301,190,109
570,969
1,529,9161,051,223
2,088,3552,376,693
1,103,5491,563,405
3,104,0642,736,355
846,878
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17YEA RS
NO.
NO. YEAR
1 1985
2 1986
3 1987
4 1988
5 1989
6 1990
7 1991
8 1992
9 1993
10 1994
11 1995
12 1996
13 1997
14 1998
15 1999
16 2000
17 2001
Damage due to Natural Disasters in India
Sou
rce
:AnnualRe
ports,
NDMD
iv
ision,
MinistryofAgriculture
CUMMULATIVE DISASTER HAZARDS
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DAMAGE CROP AREA IN Ha
4.220.042.24
3.920 0 0.57 0 0 0.25 0
4.35
19.2
34.79
0
10
20
30
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STATES
AREADAM
AGED
CATTLE LIVES LOST
536891310 1861406 0 690 0 147 0 0 888
83630102121
0
50000
100000
150000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STATES
LIVESLOST
ESTIMATED VALUE OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES(CRORES)
776 792.1
389.72 389.72
0
500
1000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STATES
VAL
UE
HUMAN LIVES LOST
25726 32 0 27411614915275 13 7 11462
1474
3048
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STATES
NO
OF
LIVES
ESTIMATED VALUE OF CROPS (RS IN CRORES)
94.52 0 222.810 0 27.43 0
38664210.76
0
2000
4000
6000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STATES
VALUE
STATES
1.ANDHRA PRADESH
2.ARUNCHAL PRADESH
3.ASSAM
4.BIHAR
5.GUJRAT
6.HIMANCHAL PRADESH
7.KARNATKA9.KERALA
10 MADHYA PRADESH
11 PUNJAB
12. SIKKIM
13. UP
14. WEST BENGAL
15. TOTAL
DAMAGE DUE TO HEAVY RAINS, LANDSLIDES AND FLOOD DURING SOUTH-
WEST MONSOON-2000
CUMMULATIVE DISASTER HAZARDS
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Wind & cyclone- EQ-very high risk zone-NFZ
Wind & cyclone-B- EQ-very high risk zone-FZ
source: vulnerability maps of india.com
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NATIONAL OBJECTIVES IN DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
To make Disaster Management an integralpart of National Development AgendaTo create an Institutional Framework forrisk Reduction
To enhance capacities in Government,Communities and Civil Society to mitigatedisasters in multi-hazard zonesTo facilitate HRD on Disaster Management(Capacity Building and Training activities)
To sensitize Peoples Representatives on theneed for DisasterManagement Knowledge networking onDisaster Management.
Source: Monthly Newsletter of the Ministry of Home
Affairs, (National Disaster Management Division)
Government of IndiaEdition 1 - September 2003
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NEED OF NATIONAL POLICY FOR
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
A large number of Govt. of India ministries get involved in the aftermathof disastersThe government response are handled by different departments which areunder different ministries.Assessment of the damages is not an organized affairOur relief manuals (if at all they are available) are in many cases acentury old, with minor modifications in provisions by executive orders,
and like the contingency plans are marked Secret.vulnerability Atlas of India is heavily priced , and hardly available topeopleThe "Right to Information" for people is not available in matters that affecttheir lives even in emergencies.No initiatives by the states to have a disaster management plan before adisaster.
Despite the stated desires, the NGOs (voluntary sector) has neither beeninvolved nor its initiatives or contributions recognised as a matter of policy
FOR THESE REASONS ,THERE IS "NEED FOR A NATIONAL POLICY ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT"THAT WILL INTEGRATE EFFORTS
Source: Working Group on Disasters set up by CAPART, 1995
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
DISASTER
RESPONSE
RECOVERY
MITIGATION
PREVENTION
PREPAREDNESS
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