1 ionic bonds
TRANSCRIPT
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Ionic Bonds
Chemistry
Mrs. Coyle
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Part A:
Ions
Lewis Dot Structure
Stable Octet (or Duet)
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The Periodic Table and Atomic Radius
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Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the electrons in the
highest occupied energy level of the atom.
Valence electrons are the only electrons
generally involved in bond formation.
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Electron Configuration of Sodium
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Which is the valence electron for Na?
Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
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Na , 11 e
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Na + , 10e
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A Positive Ion (Cation):
An atom that has lost one or more electrons.
+ charge
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Electron Dot Structure or
Lewis Dot Diagram
A notation showing the valence electrons
surrounding the atomic symbol.
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Elements within the same group have
the same electron-dot structure.
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A Negative Ion (Anion)
An atom that has gained one or more
electrons.
Negatively (-) charged.
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Chlorine Atom Chlorine Ion
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When Na, (Z= 11) loses its valence
electron, what element does its
configuration look like ?
a. Neon
b. Potassiumc. Beryllium
d. Sodium
Check your Neighbor
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When Na, (Z= 11) loses its valence
electron, what element does its
configuration look like ?
a. Neon
b. Potassiumc. Beryllium
d. Sodium
Check your Neighbor
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When the valence shell is full, the
atom is stable, less likely to react.
Example: Noble (Inert Gases)
Kr
A Stable Octet
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Note
Atoms tend to react in a way that would lead
them to have a stable octet.
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Part B:
Equations for Formation of Ions and Naming
Ions
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
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Equations for the Formation of Cations
H. H+ + e-
Li. Li+ + e-
Mg: Mg2+ + 2e-
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Equations for the Formation of Anions
. ..
: F : + e-
:
F- :
.. ..
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Naming cations (+).
Use the name of the metal.
Example: Na+
Sodium ion.
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Naming Anions(-)
Use the name of the nonmetal with the
ending ide.
Example: F-
Fluoride
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Ionic Compounds
Are made up of:
a metal and a nonmetal ion.
polyatomic ions.
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Naming Ionic Compounds,
a First Look
Example: NaF
Sodium Fluoride
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Example:
Which of the following compounds are ionic?
1. NaCl
2. CO2
3. CO
4. KF
5. KNO3
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Some Common Ions
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Bonding
Elements that do not have a complete octet,
tend to react.
When the elements react bonds are formed.
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Types of Bonds
Ionic
Metallic
Covalent
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Ionic Bonds
Bonds that are formed by transferof
electrons from one element to the other.
Each element (now an ion) will have a
complete octet after the transfer of electrons.
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The Ionic Bond
The electrical force of attraction between
oppositely charged ions.
Na+ F
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Example:
Formation of Lithium Fluoride
. ..
Li.
+
: F : Li+
:
F- :
.. ..
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Is an Ionic Compound Electrically
Neutral or Charged?
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Movie Clip
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhV
qQ&NR=1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhVqQ&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhVqQ&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhVqQ&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhVqQ&NR=1 -
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Chemical Formula
A representation of the kinds and number of
atoms in a substance.
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Formula Unit
A chemical formula that shows the
lowest whole number ratio of the
atoms (ions) in an ionic compound.
Example: KCl, Mg Cl2
The formula unit is used because ionic
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The formula unit is used because ionic
compounds have a lattice arrangement
of ions. Ex: NaCl Which ball
represents
the Na?