1) introducing the periodic table increasing atomic number dmitri mendeleev atomic number, atomic...
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1) Introducing the Periodic Table• Increasing atomic number• Dmitri Mendeleev• Atomic number, atomic mass, element name, element symbol, oxidation
number
2) Organization of the Periodic Table• Groups, periods, staircase, metals, non-metals, metalloids
3) Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids• Characteristics and examples
4) Chemical Families on the Periodic Table• Alkali metals• Alkaline earth metals• Halogen• Noble gasses• Transition metals• Lanthanides• Actinides
CONCEPTS EXPLORED IN THIS LESSON
by a man named ________________ who was a Russian chemist and inventor.
• It was developed in _____
according to their _______________________and their ____________________________.
It is a chart that organizes ________Periodic Table:INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE
When was the Periodic Table developed and who created it?
increasing atomic numberschemical and physical
properties
Dmitri Mendeleev1869
elements
but his periodic table _________ and left room for the ________________ ___________.
• In his time, there were only ___________ discovered,
Maybe there are more
elements?
INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE
predicted future discoveriesof elements
60 elements
2+
• Each element on the periodic table is represented within an ___________ which contains the following basic information.
atomic number
atomic mass
element symbol
element name
(A whole number with no decimals.)
(It is larger than atomic number and always has decimals.)
(Only the first letter is capitalized.)
a) Draw the box for the element that has an atomic mass of 107.87.
b) Draw the box for the
element that has the element symbol Pt.
oxidation number (It has a + or – sign.)
INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE
element box
2+4+1+
• The periodic table is arranged in columns and rows.
ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
How many groups are there on the periodic table?
− Each column on the periodic table is called a ______.− There are ___ groups on the periodic table.
group18
• The periodic table is arranged in columns and rows.
ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
How many periods are there on the periodic table?
− Each column on the periodic table is called a ______.− There are ___ groups on the periodic table.
group18
− Each row on the periodic table is called a ________.− There are __ periods on the periodic table.
period7
• There is a zigzag that separates the periodic table into two sides. − To the left of the staircase you will find all the ______.
Can you find the zigzag on the periodic table?
− To the right of the staircase you will find all the __________ ,
metals
non-metals
except for the element _________ ,
ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
staircasemetals
non-metalshydrogen
found on the left side. which is a non-metal
This zigzag is also called the ________.
• Directly to either side of the staircase you will find elements called _________ .
ORGANIZATION OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
metalloids There are __ of these types of elements.8
metalloids
except for ________ which is a _____ .
Metals: • All metals are _____ at room temperature
• Many metals are _______ and ______ in color, ______ , _________ , __________ and some are ________.
malleable ductile
METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS
Cu
Hg
solids
mercury liquidlustrous silvery
conductivemagnetic
They are ____________ , __________ , ______ when solid, ______________ and ____________.
These ones are: ______ , __________ , _____ , ________ and _____.
and five non-metals which are _____ .
except for ________ which is a _____ ,
Non-Metals:• Most non-metals are _____ ,
I
• Non-metal elements are either ________ or have ____________.
Br
METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS
colorless various colorsnot malleable not ductile brittle
poor conductors nonmagnetic
gases bromine liquid
carbonsolids phosphorussulfur selenium iodine
They are ___ electrical conductors.− They are mostly _______ in appearance but they are
______.
Metalloids:• Metalloids are ________ at room temperature.• They have some properties of ____ metals and non-metals.
B Si Ge
As Sb Te
METALS, NON-METALS & METALLOIDS
all solidsboth
metallicbrittle fair
Chemical Family:properties
Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
Group 1: Alkali Metals
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEChemical Family:
properties
Group 1: Alkali Metals• This group of elements are all ____ and _____-colored _____ .• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…
NaLi K
they only have ____ valence electron.
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
soft silver solidsmost
one
by __________ their valence electron
ClNa
Sodium Atom Chlorine Atom
They each very readily _____ with other elements
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEGroup 1: Alkali Metals
bondtransferring
• This group of elements are all ____ and _____-colored _____ .• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…
they only have ____ valence electron.
soft silver solidsmost
one
called a_________.
ClNa
Sodium Atom Chlorine AtomSodium Ion Chlorine Ion
NaCltable salt
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
to each become a stable ___,
Group 1: Alkali Metals
ion meaning they have a ___ outer orbital.fullThe bond
between the ions creates a ____ substance
by __________ their valence electronThey each very readily _____ with other elementsbond
transferring
• This group of elements are all ____ and _____-colored _____ .• They are the _____ reactive of all the metals because…
they only have ____ valence electron.
soft silver solidsmost
one
compound
new
Group 1: Alkali Metals
• Elements get _____ reactive as you go _____ the group.
• They are all reactive with _____.To prevent contact with ___________ in
the air, they are stored in _________.
________ is the most reactive.
water mineral oil
Fr
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
water
mineral oilwater vapor
moredown
Francium ...and it’s…
Group 1:Group 2:
Alkali MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals
Chemical Family:properties
Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .
• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.
Be Mg BaSrCa
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
silver solids
water less
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
CaMgBe
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .
• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.
They each have ___ valence electrons.
silver solids
water less
two
• These elements are also all _____-colored _____ .
• They are also reactive with _____ but ____ so than group 1 elements.
They each have ___ valence electrons.
silver solids
water less
two
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Similar to group 1 elements, they readily bond with other elements.
• Elements get _____ reactive as you go _____ the group.
_______ is the most reactive.
Ra
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
However, in this case they transfer their ____ valence electrons to become stable ions with full outer orbitals.
two
more down
Radium
...and it’s also…
Group 1:Group 2:
Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEChemical Family:
properties Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
and are found in all _____ states.• This group of elements are all __________
gas
liquid
solid
• They are the _____ reactive of the non-metalsbecause they have _____ valence electrons. 1 electron short of a full outer orbital.
ClF
They readily combine with other elements to ________ valence electron from them to become stable ions (with full outer shells).
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
non-metalsthree
mostseven
take one
Groups 17: Halogens
ClNa
Sodium Ion Chlorine Ion
Recall:
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
and are found in all _____ states.• This group of elements are all __________
gas
liquid
solid
• They are the _____ reactive of the non-metalsbecause they have _____ valence electrons. 1 electron short of a full outer orbital.They readily combine with other elements
to ________ valence electron from them to become stable ions (with full outer shells).
non-metalsthree
mostseven
take one
Groups 17: Halogens
Groups 17: Halogens
gas
liquid
solid
• Halogens become more reactive as you move ___ the group.
_______ is the most reactive.
F Cl IBr
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
upFluorine
I
Group 1:Group 2:
Alkali MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals
Groups 18: Noble Gases
Chemical Family:properties
Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
Groups 17: Halogens
Groups 18: Noble Gases
• These non-metal elements are ___________ gases.
He XeKrArNe
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
non-reactive
Groups 18: Noble Gases
• They ______ bond with other elementsbecause they have ___ outer orbitals.
NeHe Ar
• Since they don’t react with other elements, they ______ form __________. Noble gases are also described as __________.
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
fulldo not
do not compoundsinert gases
Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .
Group 1:Group 2:
Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals
Groups 18: Noble Gases
Transition MetalsGroups 3-12:
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEChemical Family:
properties
which is a _____ at room temperature and pressure.
Groups 3-12: Transition Metals• These groups contain metals that have the usual properties of
metals. • These metals are all found in the solid state except for _______
(Lustrous, malleable, ductile, electrically conductive, etc.)
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
mercuryliquid
iron skillet
Groups 3-12: Transition Metals• The transition metals contain some of the most
commonly known metals.
platinumring
silver gobletcopper
pipes
copper penny
gold necklace mercurythermometer
tungsten light bulb
titanium aircraft
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLEGuess the metal each of these is made from.
Group 1:Group 2:
Groups 17:Alkali Metals HalogensAlkaline Earth Metals
Groups 18: Noble Gases
Transition MetalsGroups 3-12:
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE Is a group (column) that contains elements with similar _________ .Chemical Family:
properties
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
They will spontaneously ________ in the air.
Lanthanides: Elements 57-71• They are all ______ that have been misleadingly labeled “ _______________” in the past.
Actinides: Elements 89-103• They are ______ that are __________.
CHEMICAL FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE
metals
rare earth metals
metals radioactivecombust
The End!
Created by Anh-Thi Tang – Tangstar Science
Copyright © August 2014 Anh-Thi Tang (a.k.a. Tangstar Science)
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