1 brookhaven science associates national synchrotron light source ii nanoprobe beamline k....

1 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES

National Synchrotron Light Source II

Nanoprobe Beamline

K. Evans-LutterodtNovember 8th, 2007


Scientific Mission

Allow the study of nanomaterials which today play important roles in many diverse scientific fields, opening up a wide range of scientific problems ranging from studying the structure and function of catalytic nanoparticles, to the mapping of strain in buried grain boundaries, to determining the structure of single molecule devices.


Example: Energy ResearchFully functioning micro-fuel cells

Fritz Prinz, Stanford Univ.

R. O’Hayre, F. B. Prinz, J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, A756 (2004)

Need to determine

Structure

Composition

Volume

Surface Area

of Pt nanoparticles in a carbon matrix


Beamline Requirements and Specifications

• Requirements• 10% Source size stability• Floor vibration monitoring• 25nm floor noise; (active vibration isolation gives 0.25nm)• Remote endstation

• Specifications• 1nm (convolution of spot size and mechanical stability)• Energy range*, 4.3 keV to 30 keV (covers elements Sc to U )

*Do not expect to have 1nm over entire energy range (18 keV+)


Conceptual Layout of Nanoprobe


Physical Layout of Nanoprobe

FOE

Mono hutch 1

Mono hutch 2


Location

Nanoprobe line

XPCS


Insertion Device

• CPMU U19, or U20 device

• Low Beta straight section (maximum brightness)

Type of source Low- straight section (6.6m)

σx [μm] 28

σx' [μrad] 19

σy [μm] 2.6

σy' [μrad] 3.2


Front end Layout

• Front End Fixed Mask (FEFM)• Z=14m• Aperture Y=300um, X=1100um

• Differential Pump• Z=14.5m

• Front End Adjustable Horizontal Source Aperture (FEHA)• Z=16m• Aperture Y=open, X=(0-1500um)+/- 500um

• Shield Wall• Z=26.7m


Engineering Analysis of Front End Fixed Mask

Thermal Analysis

Stress Distribution

Subjected to white beam from U19 CPMU device:

Analysis also performed for FE horizontal aperture


First Optics Enclosure

Contains:

• Power filter (Diamond)

• White beam Slits

• Horizontal Focusing mirror

• Conductance limiting Be window

• High heat load mono

• White beam monitor

• Bremsstrahlung stop

• Mono fluo screen

• Secondary Horizontal Source Aperture (+ BPM)

• Monochromatic shutter


Power management

Undulator produces 7.8kW

• FEFM (Mask) absorbs (7.8kW - 354W)=7.446 kW

• HFM (Mirror) absorbs (354W-220W)= 134W

• HHM (Mono) absorbs 220W• HRM ( Mono) ~0W


Monochromatic Hutch 1

Tertiary Slits

Beam monitor

High Resolution Mono


Monochromatic Hutches

Hutch 1• Quad diode BPM • Aperture: Y=10mm, X=25mm

• Removable • Tertiary Horizontal Source Aperture

• Aperture Y=open, X = (0-5.0mm)+/-30mm• Monochromatic Fluorescent Screen• High-resolution mono (10-5 dE/E,

removable fixed exit, energy range set by high res optics.)

• Possible location for experimental endstation

Hutch 2• 1 nm experimental

endstation (at > 75m from source)

• Includes nanofocusing optics and sample stage

• Emphasizes fluorescent measurements


Multilayer Laue Lenses

substrate

Varied line-spacing grating

Depth-graded multilayers on flat Si substrate

• Deposit varied line-spacing grating on flat substrate (thinnest structures first)

• Section to 5-20 m thickness (high aspect ratio structure)

•Assemble two into a single device (MLL)

CNM, APS group: Maser et al.

< 20nm performance!


Instead of solid refractive optic:

Use a kinoform:

One can view the kinoform equivalently as

a) A blazed zone plate

b) An array of coherently interfering micro-lenses.

Kinoform Optics

K. E-L et al. (2003)

< 80 nm


Beamline design issues are the same for types of optics:

Both are line focus elements:

will allow to correct for different vertical and horizontal source locations

Both are chromatic ~ 10-5, but MLL bandwidth is factor of 2 broader

We do not need to re-design beamline to accommodate either optic


Source

rad

mS

m

rad

mS

m

H

cohH

H

V

cohV

V

6.19

68

29

2.5

6.7

2.3

,

,

Focusing Optics

mD

DeMag

f 500

7600

Focal Point

@ 76.01m

Front End Aperture (FEFM + FEHA)

.

Horizontal Focusing Mirror (HFM)

Secondary Horizontal Source Aperture (SHSA)

mradmfwh

nmfwhm

V

V

50

0.1

Operational Mode 1: Direct mode

Endstation in mono hutch 2 ( back hutch)

Side View


mD

DeMag

f 269

1360)1(

)1(

Secondary Focusing Optics

mD

DeMag

f 500

50)2(

)2(

.

Source

rad

mS

m

V

cohV

V

2.5

6.7

2.3

,

Focal Point @ 41.34m

Front End Aperture (FEFM + FEHA)

Secondary Horizontal Source Aperture (SHSA)rad

mS

m

H

cohH

H

6.19

68

29

,

Waveguide

mradmfwh

nmfwhm

V

V

50

0.1

)2(

)2(

..

Operational Mode 2: Waveguide mode

Endstation in mono hutch 1mradmfwh

nmfwhm

V

V

0.9

50

)1(

)1(

Primary Focusing Optics

Horizontal Focusing Mirror (HFM)


Endstation 1 (APS Nanoprobe/Xradia)

Endstation Features

First version being commisioned at APS

Optical resolution 30nm

Mechanical resolution projected 5nm

More R&D required for positioning

Fluorescence nanoprobe

Full Field imaging

Nano-Diffraction

Nano-tomography

Cryo sampleholder

Beam Direction


Requirements imposed on Project

On Conventional Facilities:• Real time monitoring of vibrations• Long beamline

• Satellite Building• Utilities• Ramp over long beamline section

On Accelerator Systems• Electron beam stability of 0.3 microns over 8 hrs


Outstanding Issues

• Diamond filter thickness and phase error characterization

• 1nm resolution optics; Ongoing R&D effort

• Conservative mode is long beamline.

• Progress elsewhere on waveguide mode might give shorter beamline

• Vibration analysis/design ( see next)


Should we attach nanoprobe to ring or not?Option A: Nanoprobe slab connected to main ring

Option B: Nanoprobe slab isolated from main ring

Nick Simos; finite element analysis tools


And the answer is:

Some vibration sources:

and the system response

Separating the nanoprobe remote slab reduces vibrations at experiment


WBS Dictionary: All activity related to the design, construction, and commissioning without beam of an insertion device beamline for nanoprobe studies.

Undulator Beamline 2 Hard X-ray Nanoprobe (HXN)

Total Estimated Cost ($ x 1000)

WBS Description

Direct $

Total Burdened

& Escalated

Bottoms up Contingency

Total with Contingency

FTEs LaborNon-Labor

(Mtrl, Trvl, Act)% $ Value

1.04.05.02 Undulator Beamline 2Hard X-ray Nanoprobe (HXN) 12.5 1,084 8,784 12,726 44 5,592 18,319

1.04.05.02.01 Enclosures 0.4 34 1,200 1,474 2 413 1,887

1.04.05.02.02 Beam Transport 0.1 6 250 318 .10 32 349

1.04.05.02.03 Utilities 0.5 34 350 508 1 102 610

1.04.05.02.04 White Beam Components 0.4 30 203 299 2 60 359

1.04.05.02.05 High Heatload Optics 0 0 1,248 1,615 1 291 1,905

1.04.05.02.06 Beam Conditioning Optics 0.4 31 604 770 1 85 855

1.04.05.02.07 Personnel Safety System 0.8 49 65 182 .24 44 226

1.04.05.02.08 Equipment Protection System 0.4 24 25 86 .24 20 104

1.04.05.02.09 Endstation 1 0.7 57 3,481 4,238 6 3,221 7,460

1.04.05.02.11 Beamline Controls 0.2 12 400 497 2 149 646

1.04.05.02.12 Beamline Control Station 0 0 25 34 0 0 34

1.04.05.02.13 Beamline Management 8.7 806 33 1,642 2 804 2,447

1.04.05.02.14 Satellite Building 0 0 900 1,064 1 372 1,436


Schedule Summary


Summary

• Nanoprobe line can be built to specifications, on time and on budget

• The design will deliver 1nm beams and experimental capability that will have significant impact across a range of disciplines

• Risks• Need significant improvements in positioning control• Optics R&D • Attention to vibration sources

1 brookhaven science associates national synchrotron light source ii nanoprobe beamline k....

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