06 boilers & turbines

7/24/2019 06 Boilers & Turbines

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STEAM -STEAM -

BOILERS ANDBOILERS ANDTURBINESTURBINES


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STEAM SERVICESSTEAM SERVICESFuel tank heatingFuel tank heatingTrace heatingTrace heating

Water heatingWater heating

Engine HeatingEngine HeatingOil heating before purificationOil heating before purification

Steam machinerSteam machiner ! pump" pump" ! #inch an$ #in$la""#inch an$ #in$la""


3/45

%OI&ERS%OI&ERS

T#o t pe" of "team'T#o t pe" of "team'

! Saturate$ SteamSaturate$ Steam

! Superheate$ SteamSuperheate$ Steam


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%OI&ERS%OI&ERS

T#o t pe" of boiler"'T#o t pe" of boiler"'

! Fire TubeFire Tube

! Water TubeWater Tube


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%OI&ER %OI&ER

&o# (re""ure&o# (re""ure ! up to )* bar up to )* bar ! au+iliar " "tem"au+iliar " "tem" !

motor "hip"motor "hip"Me$ium pre""ureMe$ium pre""ure ! )* to ** bar )* to ** bar

High (re""ureHigh (re""ure

! ** to ,-- bar .** to )-- bar/** to ,-- bar .** to )-- bar/ ! propul"ion " "tem" propul"ion " "tem" ! "team "hip""team "hip"


6/45

&( %OI&ER .Fire Tube/&( %OI&ER .Fire Tube/

MAI0 COM(O0E0TSMAI0 COM(O0E0TS

FurnaceFurnace

%urner %urner Fire tube"Fire tube"

E+hau"tE+hau"t

Water "paceWater "pace

Steam "paceSteam "paceRefractorRefractor

1oor"1oor"


7/45

&(&(

%OI&ER %OI&ER Water in tank Water in tank

Flame in tube"Flame in tube".fire tube/.fire tube/

"team at top"team at top boiler boiler


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&(&(

%OI&ER %OI&ER Au+iliar 1utie"Au+iliar 1utie"Motor Ship"Motor Ship"

up to )* bar up to )* bar Fire Tube"Fire Tube"


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H(H(

%OI&ER %OI&ER (ropul"ion(ropul"ion(lant"(lant"

1ri5e Turbine"1ri5e Turbine"

** 6 )*- bar** 6 )*- barfor propul"ionfor propul"ion

Water TubeWater Tube


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%OI&ER WATER T2%ES%OI&ER WATER T2%ES

Tube"Tube"

Water $rumWater $rum


12/45

WASTE STEAM S7STEMSWASTE STEAM S7STEMS

In motor "hip"In motor "hip"

In port8 "team pro$uce$ in boiler bIn port8 "team pro$uce$ in boiler bheating 5ia furnace9burner heating 5ia furnace9burner

At "ea8 "team pro$uce$ b heating 5iaAt "ea8 "team pro$uce$ b heating 5ia$ie"el e+hau"t ga"e"$ie"el e+hau"t ga"e"

T#o ba"ic metho$"T#o ba"ic metho$"


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Compo"ite %oiler8Compo"ite %oiler8ha" t#o ga" "i$e"'ha" t#o ga" "i$e"' ! furnacefurnace ! $ie"el e+hau"t$ie"el e+hau"t


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COM(OSITE %OI&ER COM(OSITE %OI&ER


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%oiler:" normal%oiler:" normaloperation 5iaoperation 5iafurnacefurnace

%oiler #ater%oiler #atercirculate$ b acirculate$ b a

pump to an pump to aneconomi"er economi"er

Economi"erEconomi"erheate$ b $ie"elheate$ b $ie"ele+hau"te+hau"t


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ECO0OMISER ECO0OMISER


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%OI&ER FITTI0;S%OI&ER FITTI0;S "afet 5al5e""afet 5al5e""team "top 5al5e""team "top 5al5e" ! mainmain ! au+iliarau+iliar

fee$ 5al5efee$ 5al5e

air 5ent"air 5ent"

"alinometer cock"alinometer cockgauge gla""gauge gla""

blo# $o#n 5al5e" blo# $o#n 5al5e"

pre"" gauge pre"" gauge

acce"" $oor"acce"" $oor""oot blo#er "oot blo#er

burner burner


18/45

SAFET7 VA&VESSAFET7 VA&VES

To relie5e e+ce"" pre""ureTo relie5e e+ce"" pre""ureT#o fitte$ on topT#o fitte$ on topEa"ing gear for manualEa"ing gear for manualoperationoperation1i"charge 5ente$ out 5ia1i"charge 5ente$ out 5iafunnelfunnel

(re"et8 mu"t not be a$


19/45

STO( VA&VESSTO( VA&VES

Main "top 5al5e'Main "top 5al5e' ! to turbine in "team "hipto turbine in "team "hip ! for main "er5ice" in motor "hipfor main "er5ice" in motor "hip

Au+iliar "top 5al5e'Au+iliar "top 5al5e' ! for other "er5ice" in "team "hipfor other "er5ice" in "team "hip ! "tan$ b for motor "hip""tan$ b for motor "hip"


20/45

FEE1 VA&VESFEE1 VA&VES

Main an$ Au+iliarMain an$ Au+iliar

A" a "tan$ bA" a "tan$ b

T#o 5al5e" per fee$'T#o 5al5e" per fee$' ! "cre# lift on boiler "cre# lift on boiler ! S10R before itS10R before it

Therefore8 can o5erhaulTherefore8 can o5erhaul

S10R #ithout "huttingS10R #ithout "hutting$o#n boiler $o#n boiler


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;A2;E ;&ASSES;A2;E ;&ASSESTo check the #ater le5elTo check the #ater le5elT#o fitte$ on both "i$e" atT#o fitte$ on both "i$e" at$ifferent height"$ifferent height"

T picall =9, fullT picall =9, fullMu"t be blo#n $o#nMu"t be blo#n $o#n

perio$icall 6 for cleaning perio$icall 6 for cleaning

Ma ha5e remote gauge gla""Ma ha5e remote gauge gla""


22/45

;A2;E;A2;E

;&ASSES;&ASSES


23/45

%&OW 1OW0 VA&VES%&OW 1OW0 VA&VES

To'To' ! $rain "lu$ge $epo"it"$rain "lu$ge $epo"it" ! re$uce chlori$e" b $raining an$re$uce chlori$e" b $raining an$

repleni"hing #ith fre"h #ater repleni"hing #ith fre"h #ater ! lo#er the le5el if it i" too highlo#er the le5el if it i" too high ! empt boiler #ater empt boiler #ater

T#o 5al5e" at boiler T#o 5al5e" at boiler

One or t#o 5al5e" at "hip "i$eOne or t#o 5al5e" at "hip "i$eScum 5al5e to $rain anScum 5al5e to $rain anfloating "e$iment"floating "e$iment"


24/45

ACCESS 1OORSACCESS 1OORSElliptical'Elliptical' ! no "tre"" corner"no "tre"" corner" ! can be "hut fromcan be "hut from

in"i$ein"i$e

For cleaning >For cleaning >in"pectionin"pection%efore opening8%efore opening8en"ure'en"ure' ! no "team in"i$eno "team in"i$e

boiler boiler ! "upport the #eight of"upport the #eight of

$oor$oor


25/45

%2R0ER %2R0ER

Supplie"Supplie" ! air air ! fuelfuel

Mi+e" themMi+e" themIgnite" theIgnite" themi+turemi+ture


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%2R0ER %2R0ER


27/45

SOOT %&OWER SOOT %&OWER Collection of "oot on the tube" can'Collection of "oot on the tube" can' ! cau"e a firecau"e a fire ! re$uce heat tran"fer 6 efficiencre$uce heat tran"fer 6 efficienc

Soot blo#er" u"e "team or compre""e$ airSoot blo#er" u"e "team or compre""e$ air

to blo# a#a the "oot from the "urface"to blo# a#a the "oot from the "urface"


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2(TA?E FIRES2(TA?E FIRES

Soot on tubeSoot on tube"urface""urface"

Can re"ult inCan re"ult in

a H $rogen6a H $rogen6Ion fireIon fire


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T2%E 1AMA;E 6 Economi"er T2%E 1AMA;E 6 Economi"er

1ue to a H $rogen6Ion1ue to a H $rogen6Ionfirefire

Se@uence'Se@uence'

! "team > hot "teel pro$uce""team > hot "teel pro$uce"h $rogenh $rogen

! h $rogen > hot "teelh $rogen > hot "teelre"ult" in a h $rogen6ionre"ult" in a h $rogen6ion

fire 6 "elf "upportingfire 6 "elf "upporting1i"a""ociate" H1i"a""ociate" H == from Hfrom H == OO


30/45

T2%E 1AMA;ET2%E 1AMA;E

1amage $ue to'1amage $ue to' ! corro"ioncorro"ion ! "cale""cale" ! lo# #ater le5ello# #ater le5el ! fire"fire"


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A2B STEAM S7STEMA2B STEAM S7STEM

&o# (re""ure&o# (re""ure

In Motor Ship"In Motor Ship"

For'For' ! heatingheating ! turbo generator"turbo generator" ! $eck machiner$eck machiner


32/45

STEAM TRA(STEAM TRA(

Fitte$ to theFitte$ to thereturn line to thereturn line to thecon$en"er con$en"er

To pre5ent anTo pre5ent an"team returning"team returning

Onl #ater i"Onl #ater i"

allo#e$ throughallo#e$ throughFull u"e of "teamFull u"e of "team


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CO01E0SER CO01E0SER

To cool an$ con5ertTo cool an$ con5ertall returning "team toall returning "team to#ater #ater

&arge heat e+changer &arge heat e+changer Coole$ b "ea #ater Coole$ b "ea #ater

In large " "tem"8In large " "tem"8un$er 5acuumun$er 5acuum


34/45

HOT WE&&HOT WE&&In &( " "tem"In &( " "tem"

Water $rain" into hotWater $rain" into hot#ell from con$en"er #ell from con$en"er

Ha" an ob"er5ation gla""Ha" an ob"er5ation gla""

An oil returning #ithAn oil returning #ith"team #ill float"team #ill floatOil can come fromOil can come fromheating coil" in fuelheating coil" in fuel

tank"tank"1angerou" to allo# oil1angerou" to allo# oilinto boiler #ater"i$einto boiler #ater"i$e


35/45

WATER HAMMER WATER HAMMER

Can $amage "team pipe" $ue to hea5Can $amage "team pipe" $ue to hea5"hock loa$"hock loa$

A5oi$e$ b 'A5oi$e$ b ' ! crack opening "team 5al5e" an$ #armingcrack opening "team 5al5e" an$ #arming

throughthrough

! lea5ing $rain" open till "team come" outlea5ing $rain" open till "team come" out ! proper treatment proper treatment ! correct #ater le5elcorrect #ater le5el


36/45

%2R0ER STARTI0;%2R0ER STARTI0;(ROCE12RE(ROCE12RE

Air "uppl i" "tarte$ fir"t'Air "uppl i" "tarte$ fir"t' ! blo#" through an unburnt fuel or ga""e" blo#" through an unburnt fuel or ga""e"

Fuel i" intro$uce$8 an$ a "park "imultaneou"lFuel i" intro$uce$8 an$ a "park "imultaneou"lA 3Flame E e4 .photocell/ "hut" the boiler $o#n if the flameA 3Flame E e4 .photocell/ "hut" the boiler $o#n if the flame

fail"fail"Some boiler" ha5e a pilot burner .$ie"el/ for initial firing an$Some boiler" ha5e a pilot burner .$ie"el/ for initial firing an$then the main burner .hea5 oil/then the main burner .hea5 oil/


37/45

%OI&ER HA AR1S%OI&ER HA AR1S

Steam &eakageSteam &eakage

High Temperature"High Temperature"

E+plo"ion #ithin furnaceE+plo"ion #ithin furnace

&o# #ater le5el cau"ing $amage&o# #ater le5el cau"ing $amagean$ e+plo"ionan$ e+plo"ion

%oiler chemical"%oiler chemical"

Hot "urface"Hot "urface"

(re""uri"e$ fuel line"(re""uri"e$ fuel line"


38/45

%OI&ER SAFET7%OI&ER SAFET7

Check'Check' ! for fuel leak"for fuel leak" ! #ater le5el in gla""e"#ater le5el in gla""e" ! fee$ " "temfee$ " "tem ! "team "top 5al5e"team "top 5al5e ! air 5entair 5ent


39/45

STEAM (RO(2&SIO0 (&A0TSTEAM (RO(2&SIO0 (&A0T

&arge&argeShip"Ship"

Tanker"Tanker"

War"hip"War"hip"


40/45

MAI0 COM(O0E0TSMAI0 COM(O0E0TS

%oiler %oiler

Superheater Superheater

TurbineTurbine

Con$en"er Con$en"er

Fee$ (umpFee$ (ump

Ser5ice"Ser5ice"

Main > Au+Main > Au+Steam Stop"Steam Stop"


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STEAM T2R%I0E (&A0TSTEAM T2R%I0E (&A0TH( an$ &( turbine"H( an$ &( turbine"

A"tern turbineA"tern turbine

Re$uction gearingRe$uction gearing


42/45

STEAM T2R%I0ESTEAM T2R%I0E

2"e$ for'2"e$ for' ! propul"ion propul"ion ! electricitelectricit

generationgeneration ! pump" pump"

T#o t pe"'T#o t pe"' ! impul"eimpul"e ! reactionreaction


43/45

IM(2&SE T2R%I0EIM(2&SE T2R%I0E

Steam "trike" theSteam "trike" the bla$e" to gi5e bla$e" to gi5emotionmotion

Steam i" $irecte$Steam i" $irecte$on to the turbineon to the turbine

bla$e" b fi+e$ bla$e" b fi+e$noDDle"noDDle"


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%la$e" are noDDle"8%la$e" are noDDle"8#hich #ill cau"e the#hich #ill cau"e theturbine to mo5eturbine to mo5e


45/45


H( an$ &( .ma be I(/H( an$ &( .ma be I(/

Couple$ to one "haftCouple$ to one "haft5ia a re$uction5ia a re$uction

gearbo+gearbo+Turning gear Turning gear

Re5er"ing turbineRe5er"ing turbine

06 boilers & turbines

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