Microwave Office 2005 TrainingLinear SimuIation - Low Noise AmpIifierSection 5 Page 2AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialLinear SimuIation The design of a Low Noise Amplifier (Hands-on work) Creating schematics Data libraries Editing schematic symbols (adding explicit ground nodes) Creating graphs Adding measurements to the graphs Advanced measurements Tuning as a design aidSection 5 Page 3AWR, nc. Company Confidential Design Goals for a 5GHz amplifier: Gain : > 10 dB NF: < 1.2 dB Stability: Unconditional at all frequencies Create schematic and name the schematic 'Device' Select Device suitable for design from the device library. Use the Fujitsu FHX35LG data set. This will import the S-Parameter and Noise data for the device. Add simple schematic, graphs and measurements Add the port parameters S11 and S22, gain parameters S21 and MSG Add the stability parameters K and B1, noise parameters NF and NFminThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 4AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work) Place FHX35LG HEMT into schematic Alternatively, you can import the data file from the project view (Right click Data Files, select "Import Data Files") SUBCKTNET=D="FHX35LG" S1 NOTE: When a data file has been read into a projectitwill be visiblein the project tree.HINT: The HEMT will be found in the data library, use the element tree and browse to Fujitsu parts.Section 5 Page 5AWR, nc. Company Confidential Edit the symbol to use an explicit ground node

SUBCKTNET=D="FHX35LG" S1 NOTE: Double click a schematic symbol to open the Element Options dialog box.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 6AWR, nc. Company Confidential Change the symbol to a FET symbolNOTE: Only symbols with three nodes will be listed.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 7AWR, nc. Company Confidential Add two ports and connect these to the transistorHINT: Use the right mouse button to rotate the PORT symbol before placement into schematic.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 8AWR, nc. Company Confidential Set Project frequencies 0.1GHz to 20GHz Step 0.1GHz From the Project Tree double click 'Project Options'HINT: CLICK the Apply button to set the frequencies before closing the Project Options dialogue box.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 9AWR, nc. Company Confidential Examine the data set belonging to the transistor Right click the transistor symbol, and select "Edit Subcircuit Examine the data, linear S-Parameters and Noise dataNOTE: A window containing the S-Data will open.NOTE: It is possible to edit this data. BEWARE!The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 10AWR, nc. Company Confidential Create a graph called nput Port, add a measurement for S11 (measurement type = Port Parameters) Create a graph called Output Port, add a measurement for S22 (measurement type = Port Parameters)0

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Input PortSwp Max20GHzSwp Min0.1GHzS[1,1]DeviceNote: You might get the warning message that the noise data has problemsat 20 GHz.This is because the noise data only goes to 18 GHz.If you do, proceed anyway - the software extrapolates the noise data.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 11AWR, nc. Company Confidential0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Two Port Gain010203040DB(|S[2,1]|)DeviceDB(MSG)Device Create a graph called Two Port Gain, add measurements for S21 (measurement type = Port Parameters) and MSG (measurement type = Linear Gain) Double click the trace definition to open the Graph Properties dialog box Uncheck the Auto limits box, and set the minimum frequency to 0The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 12AWR, nc. Company Confidential Create a graph called Two Port Noise Parameters, add measurements for NF and NFmin (measurement type = Noise) Double click the trace definition to open the Graph Properties dialog box Uncheck the Auto limits box, and set the minimum frequency to 00 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Two Port Noise Parameters00.511.522.53DB(NF)DeviceDB(NFMin)DeviceThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 13AWR, nc. Company Confidential Create a graph called 'Stability Data', add measurements for K and B1 (measurement type = linear) Add a marker to the K factor plot and search for the K value"1 Save the project and then Quit MWO0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Stability Data00.511.511.763 GHz 1B1DeviceKDeviceNOTE: Do not select dB for K and B1 NOTE: Select the legend box, Right click, choose Search`The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 14AWR, nc. Company Confidential Start MWO and load the previous project Add the extra components shown below Rename schematic 'Stable Device'HINT: Drag the first resistor from the element browser, then copy and paste the second and third resistors.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Schematic 'Stable Device'Section 5 Page 16AWR, nc. Company Confidential Examine the changes in 'amplifier gain block performance' For example the the S21 and the port parameters S11,S220

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Input PortSwp Max20GHzSwp Min0.1GHzS[1,1]Stable DeviceThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 17AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialOperating Point0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Two Port Noise Parameters012345678910DB(NF)Stable DeviceDB(NFMin)Stable Device Examine the changes in 'amplifier gain block performance' Note that K and B1 are consistent with a wideband stable device0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Stability Data-10123456789B1Stable DeviceKStable DeviceThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 18AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialHINT: Reset the project frequency range to a few frequencies to reduce the amount of data visible. With the project frequencies unchanged add NF circles and Stability circles. (measurement type = Circle)(To get to this point load Linear Simulation_p17.emp if required)0 1.01.0-1.010.010.0- 1 0 . 05.05.0- 5 . 02.02.0- 2. 03.03.0- 3. 04.04.0- 4 . 00.20 . 2-0.20.40. 4-0.40.60. 6-0.60.80. 8-0. 8nput PortSwp Max20GHzSwp Min0.1GHzS(1,1)Stable DeviceNFCR(1,0.5)Stable DeviceSCR1()StableDevi ceThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 19AWR, nc. Company Confidential Set project frequency to 5GHz Create a new schematic named "nput Matching Circuit as shown Create a new schematic named "Amp using the subcircuits SUBCKTD=S1NET="nput Matching Circuit" SUBCKTD=S2NET="Stable Device"PORTP=1Z=50 OhmPORTP=2Z=50 OhmNDD=L1L=2 nHNDD=L2L=2.77nHPORTP=1Z=50 OhmPORTP=2Z=50 OhmRESD=R1R=300 OhmTLND=TL1Z0=75.4OhmEL=90 DegF0=5 GHzRESD=R2R=450 OhmRESD=R3R=20 Ohm

SUBCKTD=S1NET="FHX35LG"PORTP=1Z=50 OhmPORTP=2Z=50 OhmThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 20AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialDetaiIs of nput Matching CircuitSection 5 Page 21AWR, nc. Company Confidential Activate "L for tuning and limit the tuning ranges of both L1 and L2 from 0 10 nH as shown belowHINT: The Min and Max range of the tuner will be set by these element properties.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 22AWR, nc. Company Confidential0

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Input Port Of DeviceSwp Max5GHzSwp Min5GHzNFCR[2,0.5]Stable DeviceGAC_MAX[1,2]Stable DeviceS[2,2]nput Matching Circuit Change the nput Smith Chart to show "Amp parameters and tune the inductors to obtain a compromise between Gain and NFoise Circles.Gain Circles.The Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 23AWR, nc. Company Confidential Add a simple output matching circuit, maximize the gain of the amplifier and use the tuner to adjust circuit values SUBCKTD=S1NET="nput Matching Circuit" SUBCKTD=S2NET="Stable Device" SUBCKTD=S3NET="Output Matching Circuit"PORTP=1Z=50 OhmPORTP=2Z=50 OhmNDD=L1L=2.18 nHCAPD=C1C=100 pFPORTP=1Z=50 OhmPORTP=2Z=50 OhmThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 24AWR, nc. Company Confidential0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Gain And Match-40-30-20-1001020DB(|S[2,1]|)AmplifierDB(|S[1,1]|)AmplifierDB(|S[2,2]|)Amplifier0 5 10 15 20Frequency (GHz)Noise012345678910DB(NF)Amplifier Reset the project frequency plan to the original wideband set Save project, giving it a suitable name, and quit MWOThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 25AWR, nc. Company ConfidentialTXLine CaIcuIator Under the Tools menu.TXLine.. We can predict the practical equivalent line dimensionsRESR=ID=5 JhmR TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=5 GHz90 Deg754 JhmTL PJRTZ=P=50 Jhm Section 5 Page 26AWR, nc. Company Confidential Run MWO Create two new schematics (ideal and physical)RESD=R1R=300 OhmTLND=TL1Z0=75.4 OhmEL=90 DegF0=5 GHzPORTP=1Z=50 OhmRESD=R1R=300 OhmMLND=TL1W=31.41 milL=431.7 milVAD=V1D=20 milH=20 milT=1.4 milRHO=1MSUBEr=2.2H=20 milT=1.4 milRho=1Tand=0.0009ErNom=2.2Name=SUB1PORTP=1Z=50 OhmThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)Section 5 Page 27AWR, nc. Company Confidential Create a graph called 'Both' and add S11 measurements from both schematics Tune length of MLN until they have similar performance0.1 5.1 10.1 15.1 20Frequency (GHz)Both-3-2-10DB(|S[1,1]|)dealDB(|S[1,1]|)Physical Shunt CircuitThe Design of a Low Noise AmpIifier (Hands on work)