013-1/4

Design

Technology

REVIEW

013-1 Design Technology

Lecture: The Survey, mapping the site

base-line information and using a scale

Homework: Fill in the missing links from your survey to represent reality!

Results: a reliable base sheet

The Discipline of Design: Maps are Tools -1

• Put a north arrow on the plan correctly. • Determine fall of land by using a sight level. If

too steep/ or vast number of trees, hire a professional

• Label everything on the drawing • Write the scale you are using on the plan.• Begin the design process with Site Analysis

The Discipline of Design: Site Analysis -2

• Before & After Photos• It is critical that you take “head-on” views of

your property as well as panoramic views• These early photos provide a platform for

sketching new ideas.

The Anatomy of a Plat

The property line

The house & drive

The north arrow

The scale

The easements,

The setback lines

The surveyor’s stamp

The Design Process-1

• 1. Make a Survey• 2. Develop a Base Plan• 3. Inventory the Site• 4. Analyze the Site• 5. Develop a Program

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The Design Process-2

• 6. Create a Functional Diagram• 7. Develop a Concept Diagram• 8. Sketch Alternative Plans• 9. Create a Master Landscape Plan• I0. Implementation Drawings:

The Final Stage11……Getting it Built!

•

The smaller the piece of inch, the better to

draw plants!

The Wish List

Just write what you want to do on the site…this is your preliminary program

Site Potentials & Constraints

Refer to the site analysis and insert your wish list…what will really work!

Write them on the plan where they would occur.

Site Analysis : Constraints and limitations

Drainage problems

Erosion

Lack of shade

Too much shade

Lack of order…functionality

013-2

Design

Technology

013-2 Design Technology

Lecture: Functional Areas, Site Analysis, Homework: Complete the topographic

information necessary to accurately represent the site. Do several overlays with site analysis and functional diagrams. Begin to refine your program to fit reality.

Results: a complete base sheet with use areas spatially defined by function.

Functional Outdoor Space

Nodes

• Nodes occur where functional or perceptual changes in function occur in the landscape.

• It is a place of transition between one activity and another.

• Careful examination of nodes will result in solving most of the functional problems on your property.

Simple elevational Changes

VG

H

H

VG

Topography: changes in elevation

Topographic maps feature contour lines that represent 1,2,5,10 or 100’ change in elevation between the lines.

A swale, creek or river is shown as a dash & dotted line which crosses contour lines as it runs downhill

A Home Survey Kit

A Sight Level

Drafting Up Reality

The approximate spread of a tree canopy is estimated by doubling the trunk size (shown in inches) converting to feet and drawing a circle of that diameter in feet.

Verifying Field

Conditions

013-3DesignTechnology

013-3 Design TechnologyLecture: Review Previous Lesson

New: Verifying site conditions, Layout in the field , updates based on field conditions

Homework: Begin to finalize your design concepts. Refine at least one are of your plan and enlarge it to 1/4” scale. Fill in any missing elements on the base sheet and lay out the concept plan in the field. Revise plan accordingly.Results: See if your ideas fit the envelope of the

land..

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013-4 Design Technology

WorkingDrawings &Implementation

Working Drawings are construction documents that enable estimates and implementation to occur according to the design intent

• Schematic Site Plans

• Preliminary Cost Estimates

• Permit drawing sets• Full package of

working drawings for final estimating and construction purposes

Landscape Architects provide:

Permit drawing sets typically include a location map and site survey,

a demolition plan and haul route, cut & fill calculations and grading plan, sewer location, erosion control details,

stamped engineer’s retaining wall drawings, and tree replacement plan.

Landscape Architects stamp plans with state licenses and can be CLARB certified for reciprocity nationwide.

WORKING or CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS are a complex set of plans for bidding & construction

implementation and include

grading, staking, materials reference, detailed enlargements,

pool specifications, sections, wall details, and many detailed drawings are included for all built features,

planting plan, lighting & irrigation. Packages vary from 6 sheets to 40.

The Working Drawings & Implementation

Staking Plan

Grading Plan

Materials Reference Plan

Details & Sectional Elevations

Planting Plan

Irrigation & Sleeving Plan

Lighting Plan

Ridde plan

A Typical Master Plan showing all elements

A staking plan provides all dimensions necessary to layout a design on a site

A grading plan provides all elevations necessary to properly drain or fill a site by showing spot elevations and contours.

An elevation

A Detail of Tile layout with 6’ tiles

Sections of a Cascade

Plan & elevations of an arbor

A planting plan features all locations for plant materials & a schedule of plants to be installed

Tree Protection Plans Feature fencing that extends to the edge of the drip line or at least 20’ from the trunk.

An irrigation plan features all piping & sleeves necessary to provide site coverage with water, plus a schedule of fixtures

A lighting plan provides all details necessary to properly light a garden including a schedule of fixtures.

A furniture plan provides all details necessary to properly furnish & pot a garden including a schedule of fixtures.

Getting it Built!

The Process of Construction

1. Cost Estimates & Contracts 2. Permit Drawings Approved 3. Locate & Mark Utilities 4. Verify Layout 5. Erosion Control Fencing 6. Tree Protection Fencing 7. Excavate Footings 8. Stockpile Topsoil 9. Tailor Project to meet individual needs

The Process of Construction

10. Construction Drive & Security 11. Gravel & Supplies 12. General Grading & Drainage 13. Electrical & Utilities 14. The Big Picture 15. Samples of Walls & Materials 16. Large Trees & Crane 17. Hardscape & Final Drainage 18. Rough-In Irrigation 19.Bed Prep & Planting Installation

The Process of Construction

19. Bed Prep & Planting Installation 20. Lighting Installation 21. Final Mulch & Seasonal Color

Working with a Landscape Contractor

Initial site meetings to determine “fit” and review references. Visit projects similar to yours.

Provide full set of drawings. Discuss cost cutting measures.

Receive estimate & timetable. Sign contract with (optional) timetable.

Trenching around trees prior to digging footing for a wall

Trenching utilities and site layout

Installing Large Trees with a crane

Clemson University Presents

Certificate of Accomplishment inLandscape and Garden Design