St. Aloysius SchoolSpanish

AR Verbs

Notes:

Verbs: Action words; a word (such as jump, think, happen, or exist ) that is usually one of the main parts of a sentence and that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being

1. Infinitivesa. All verbs in Spanish have an infinite form – infinitives have neither person nor number. But, it is

the basic building block of the verbs so we have to learn them. The infinitive is translated with the English word “to”. For example: “to swim,” “to eat,” “to learn,” etc.

b. We are going to learn the regular AR verbs.

c. The infinitives of all AR verbs end in “-ar”. For example, the AR infinites from our vocabulary list this week include: “Amar,” “Cantar,” “Hablar,” “Caminar,” and “Bailar.” These are the verbs we will mostly be using but once we know how to use “-ar” verbs we will be able to manipulate any regular “-ar” verb.

2. Person and Numbera. All verbs in Spanish have a “person”. They are either first, second or third person. b. All verbs in Spanish have a number. They are either singular or plural.c. In English we indicate the person and number of a verb with a pronoun:

i. I First Person, Singularii. You Second Person, Singular

iii. He/she/it Third Person, Singulariv. We First Person, Pluralv. You-all Second Person, Plural

vi. They Third Person, Plurald. In Spanish we change the ending of the verb to indicate the person and number of a verb. We

only use a pronoun with the verb when we want to emphasize the subject of the sentence. So, for example, with the verb “hablar” we drop the “-ar” at the end of the word to determine the verb’s stem. The stem of “hablar” is “habl-.” Then, to the stem we and add various endings to indicate the person and number:

Hablar (to talk)Stem: habl- Singular Plural

First Person Hablo(add –o)

I speak Hablamos(add –amos)

We speak

Second Person Hablas(add –as)

You speak Hablan(add –an)

You-all speak

Third Person Habla(add –a)

He/she/it speaks Hablan(add –an)

They Speak

Now, you do one… we call this sort of exercise “Conjugating a Verb.” In other words, running it through all of its parts…

Bailar (to dance)Stem: Singular Plural

First Person

Second Person

Third Person

3. All verbs in Spanish must agree in number and person with the subject of the sentence.a. So, we have to be very careful when writing sentences to make sure that every element of the

sentence agrees with all the other elements.b. For example:

i. “The black cow dances with a fat cat.”ii. The subject of the sentence is: The cow.

1. It is singular2. Its adjective is “black.” The adjectives must agree in gender and number with the

noun they modify. So we have:3. “La vaca negro”

a. Remember: “La vaca” is feminine and “negro” is the same in both feminine and masculine. The adjective comes after the noun.

iii. The verb of the sentence is: dances.1. Since the subject is “The cow” it is an “it” and since there is one we know it is

singular. So we know we need a verb in the third person singular.2. “Bailar” (to dance) is “baila” in third person singlur.

iv. The object of the sentence is “a cat.”1. You will notice that while “the cow” indicates a definite article, “a cat” indicates

an indefinite article.2. So we have “un gato.” But, “un gato” is further modified by its adjective. Since

“un gato” is singular and masculine we need the masculine singular adjective. Which in this instance is “gordo.” And this gives us “un gato gordo.”

v. The English word “with” is a conjunction linking the verb with the object. In Spanish, this conjunction is translated as “con.”

vi. Putting it all together we have:1. “La vaca negro baila con un gato gordo.”

Nombre:Fecha:Clase:

Now, you translate a few:

1. The white cat sings.

2. I walk to the house.

3. You-all love to walk.

4. They talk to the boy.

5. The girl walks with a boy.

6. María talks to the llama.

7. The black chicken sings.

8. Lupe talks to the boy.

9. Maria and Lupe are friends.

Spanish 6Vocabulary

AmarCantarHablarCaminarBailarJesúsEl NiñoLa Niñaaenconesson

To loveTo singTo talkTo walkTo danceJesusBoyGirlTo, atIn, on, intoWithIt isThey are

10. The boy dances with the girl.

11. Jesus loves Maria.

12. Antonio walks with a black dog.

13. I eat chicken.

14. The girl loves the white cow.

15. You dance with the pig.

16. I love Jesus.

17. Jesus loves good boys and girls.

18. I sing to Jesus

19. Jesus talks with the animals.

20. We walk into the house.

21. ¿Cual es tu color favorito?

22. ¿Como se llama?

23. ¿Cual es tu animal favorito?

24. Answer number 21 using a complete Spanish sentence:

25. Answer number 22 using a complete Spanish sentence:

26. Answer number 23 using a complete Spanish sentence: