專業 天地horizons ·...
TRANSCRIPT
專業天地HORIZONSwww.eaa.org.hk 2 0 1 5
12Dec月
Green Lease綠色租約
目錄CONTENTS
觀點視野A Perspective
新聞速遞 News Flash
焦點話題In Focus
人物誌Portrait
誠信與你Integrity in Focus
CPD重溫CPD Recap
執業問與答Practice Q&A
顧名思義ABC in Estate Agency
活動紀要Events and Activities
統計數字Statistics
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監管局行政總裁韓婉萍Ruby HonChief Executive Officer of the EAA
我衷心期望所有持牌人更積極參與持續專業進修計劃，好好裝備自己，以面對行內的激烈競爭。I sincerely encourage all licensees to proactively participate in the CPD Scheme to better equip themselves to cope with the fierce competition nowadays.
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觀點視野 A PERSPECTIVE
03
在不少人眼中，地產代理業務似乎就是「搵快錢」。然而，從業員清楚知道要完成一宗交易要付出很大的努力，絕對不是「快」及「容易」，尤其在淡市更甚。誠然，不論是任何生意或事業，成功並沒有捷徑，沒有付出汗水和努力是不能達成的。
不論是行業新鮮人，還是現職持牌人，他們都應為成就其事業而持續發展。從業員要與時並進，充分掌握法規上及行內的最新資訊，方可維持競爭力。同時，配備更領先的知識和技巧，也可助其改善事業前景。
為提升地產代理的專業水平，監管局於2005年推出以自願形式參與持續專業進修計劃。為鼓勵從業員積極參與此進修計劃，監管局於2006年開始頒發持續專業進修嘉許獎章，並於較早前再推出優越嘉許獎章「銀章」和「金章」，進一步鼓勵從業員持續進修。在這個計劃下，若持牌人連續在三年及五年達到持續專業進修計劃下的學分要求，將可獲頒發「銀章」或「金章」，並可把該獎章印於獲獎章人士的名片上。
這些年，監管局一直致力提供最優質的持續專業進修課程，並於2015年加入各種新元素，包括舉辦創意十足的「有問有答」講座系列，為持牌人解答業界在日常執業上遇到的問題。由於講座具體實用，深受從業員歡迎。本人也暫不覺有其他行業的持續進修課程採用同類教學模式。
地產代理從業員處理的交易動輒數百萬元，有時更可能是消費者的畢生積蓄，因此，市民期望他們提供卓越優質的服務也無可厚非。事實上，基於消費者更著重自身權益，大眾的期望也與日俱增，我衷心期望所有持牌人更積極參與持續專業進修計劃，好好裝備自己，以面對行內的激烈競爭。
In the eyes of many people the business of estate agency appears
to be “making fast money”. Of course, practitioners know that
a lot of effort has to be put in before a deal can be closed and
it is not “fast and easy” at all, particularly under difficult market
conditions. Indeed, there is no shortcut to success in any
business or career, without paying much sweat and hard work to
get there.
Regardless of new starters in the industry or existing licensees,
they should continue their development for their own career
success. To stay competent, practitioners should move with
times and keep up with regulatory changes and industry updates.
Gaining cutting-edge knowledge and skills will also help to
improve their career prospects.
With a view to enhancing the professional standard of estate
agents the EAA launched the voluntary Continuing Professional
Development (“CPD”) Scheme in 2005. In order to encourage
greater participation from practitioners the EAA started presenting
CPD attainment symbols in 2006. The EAA further introduced
earlier the “Silver” and “Gold” Premium CPD Attainment Award
to promote continued learning. Under this scheme, practitioners
who have achieved the CPD target continuously for 3 and 5 years
will be presented with a Silver or Gold Premium CPD Attainment
Symbol, which can be printed on the awardees’ business cards.
Over the years, the EAA has provided superlative CPD
programmes to licensees. New ideas were also introduced in
2015, such as the innovative and popular series of “all you can
ask” seminars, which are practical and highly down to earth as
questions raised are real life issues the trade faces. So far, I am
not aware of any other continuing professional development
programme in other industry adopting this teaching mode.
Considering practitioners handle transactions of millions of
dollars, which sometimes might be a consumer’s lifetime savings,
it is totally understandable that they are expected to provide
services of excellent quality. Indeed, the expectation from the
public is ever increasing and consumers are more aware of their
rights. I thus sincerely encourage all licensees to proactively
participate in the CPD Scheme to better equip themselves to
cope with the fierce competition nowadays.
裝備自己 迎接挑戰GEAR UP FOR COMPETITION
監管局行政總裁韓婉萍Ruby HonChief Executive Officer of the EAA
新聞速遞NEWS FLASH
04
為表揚從業員努力不懈參與持續專業進修活動，連續達到學分要求的從業員將獲頒發優越嘉許獎章。從業員連續在三個進修時段*達到學分要求將獲頒優越嘉許獎章（銀）；連續五個進修時段*達到學分要求將獲頒優越嘉許獎章（金）。優越嘉許獎章將可印於獲頒者的名片上。
* 自2014年9月30日完結的進修時段開始起計算。
監管局就優越嘉許獎章的設計舉辦比賽，歡迎所有人士參加（監管局成員、監管局委任成員、監管局職員、評審小組成員，及其直系親屬除外），截止日期為2016年2月1日。
獎項及獎品：冠軍： $3,000書劵及獎座乙個亞軍： $2,000書劵及獎座乙個季軍： $1,000書劵及獎座乙個
參加辦法：請將參賽作品連同報名表格遞交或郵寄（以郵戳日期為準）至香港灣仔皇后大道東183號合和中心48樓地產代理監管局專業發展部收。
比賽結果將於 2016年3月中公布。
有關的規則及條款和報名表格可於監管局網頁（www.eaa.org.hk）下載，參加者亦可親臨監管局或致電專業發展部
（2111 2777 – 選擇語言後按2-3）索取。
In recognition of the practitioners’ persistence in participating in
Continuing Professional Development (“CPD”) activities, a Premium
CPD Attainment Symbol is to be presented to those practitioners who
have continuously achieved the CPD attainment target. The Premium
CPD Attainment Symbol (Silver) will be awarded to those practitioners
who have achieved the CPD attainment target for three consecutive
CPD periods*; the Premium CPD Attainment Symbol (Gold) will be
awarded to those practitioners who have achieved the CPD attainment
target for five consecutive CPD periods*. The Premium CPD
Attainment Symbol could be printed on the awardees’ business cards.
* starting from the CPD period ended on 30 September 2014.
For the design of the Premium CPD Attainment Symbol, a competition
has been organised. The design competition is open to all, except
EAA Members, EAA Board-appointed Members, EAA staff members,
members of the Judging Panel, and their respective next of kins. The
closing date is 1 February 2016.
AWARDS AND PRIZESChampion: $3,000 book store coupon and a trophy.
First runner-up: $2,000 book store coupon and a trophy.
Second runner-up: $1,000 book store coupon and a trophy.
SUBMISSION OF ENTRIESPlease submit your entry via a completed entry form to the
Professional Development Section, Estate Agents Authority, 48/F
Hopewell Centre, 183 Queen’s Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong,
by hand or by post (date as of postmark).
Results will be announced in mid-March 2016.
The Rules and Conditions of the design competition and the entry
form can be downloaded from the EAA website (www.eaa.org.hk)
or obtained at the EAA office in person. For details, please call the
Professional Development Section of the EAA by dialling 2111 2777
and press 2-3 after selecting language.
優越嘉許獎章設計比賽PREMIUM CPD ATTAINMENT SYMBOL DESIGN COMPETITION
新聞速遞 NEWS FLASH
05
監管局最近發出兩份新執業通告，為持牌人在從事地產代理工作時，涉及填寫臨時租約和正式租約及處理買賣或租賃泊車位時應依循的指引。
有關「填寫臨時租約和正式租約」的執業通告（編號15-04（CR））於2015年11月11日發出。通告列明，除非租約內所有重要條款的空白位置均已填妥，否則地產代理不得安排其客戶簽署該租約。不論是臨時租約抑或正式租約，租約上所有重要條款必須全部填妥，包括物業詳情、立約各方姓名、租約期限及其生效日期、租金金額及佣金總額等。倘若有任何修訂，必須先徵求各訂約方的同意。
The EAA issued two new practice circulars recently to provide
guidelines for licensees to follow when engaging in estate agency
work relating to the completion of provisional tenancy agreement
and tenancy agreement and the sale and purchase or leasing of
car parking spaces.
According to the Practice Circular (No. 15-04 (CR)) on
“Completion of Provisional Tenancy Agreement and Tenancy
Agreement” issued on 11 November 2015, licensees should not
arrange for their clients to sign a tenancy agreement unless all
blank spaces for essential terms in the agreement have been filled
in. No matter whether it is the provisional tenancy agreement or
the formal one, all essential terms of the tenancy should be filled
in, including the property description, names of the parties to the
agreement, term of the tenancy and its commencement date,
amount of rent and the amount of commission etc. Consent from
the parties must be sought before any amendments are made.
有關泊車位及租約的新執業通告NEW PRACTICE CIRCULARS ABOUT PARKING SPACES AND TENANCY AGREEMENT
新聞速遞 NEWS FLASH
06
另一份有關「買賣或租賃泊車位」的執業通告（編號15-05（CR））於2015年12月1日發出。根據該通告載列的指引，持牌人在僅處理泊車位的買賣或租賃時，應確定有關泊車位有否任何使用上的限制，即該泊車位是否只可用作停泊屬於大廈的住戶或佔用人的車輛。
為讓持牌人更了解此通告的指引，一份相關的「問與答」已上載於監管局網頁。
上述的兩份執業通告經已生效，及已上載於監管局網頁供業界參考。倘若持牌人被證實未有遵守有關規定，有可能會遭受監管局紀律處分。
兩位監管局董事局新成員凌潔心女士及吳啟民先生，獲香港特別行政區行政長官委任，任期由2015年11月1日至2017年10月31日為止。監管局董事局現有正、副主席各一名及18名來自社會上不同界別的普通成員。
監管局董事局並於2015年11月24日通過，凌女士出任監管局牌照委員會、執業及考試委員會及專業發展委員會成員。吳先生則擔任監管局紀律委員會、執業及考試委員會及專業發展委員會成員。
Another Practice Circular (No. 15-05(CR)) on “Sale and Purchase or
Leasing of Car Parking Spaces” was issued on 1 December 2015.
According to the guidelines set out in this Circular, licensees should
ascertain whether there is any restriction on the use of the car parking
space concerned that it can only be used for the parking of vehicles
belonging to the residents or occupiers of the building when handling
the sale and purchase or leasing of a car parking space alone.
A set of relevant “Questions and Answers” on this particular
Circular is also available on the EAA’s website in order to enhance
licensees’ understanding of the guidelines.
The above two Practice Circulars have come into operation
already and are available on the EAA’s website for the trade’s
reference. Licensees who fail to comply with the guidelines may
be subject to disciplinary action by the EAA.
Two new EAA Board members, Ms Imma Ling Kit-sum and Mr
Ng Kai-man, have been appointed by the Chief Executive of the
HKSAR and their term of office is from 1 November 2015 to 31
October 2017. The EAA Board now consists of a Chairman, a
Vice-chairman and 18 ordinary members from various sectors in
the community.
As endorsed by the EAA Board on 24 November 2015, Ms
Ling has become a member of the EAA Licensing Committee,
Practice and Examination Committee and Professional
Development Committee. At the same time, Mr Ng has become
a member of the EAA Disciplinary Committee, Practice and
Examination Committee and Professional Development
Committee.
監管局董事局兩位新任成員上任TWO NEWLY APPOINTED EAA BOARD MEMBERS ON BOARD
新聞速遞 NEWS FLASH
07
監管局投訴部兩名員工獲頒發「2015申訴專員嘉許獎–公職人員獎」，表揚他們處理投訴時的專業表現和積極態度。
2015年的申訴專員嘉許獎頒獎典禮已於10月29日舉行，監管局投訴部的何世榮先生及鄒君豪先生，憑藉處理查詢及投訴方面的出色表現，獲頒「公職人員獎」。
Two employees of the EAA’s Complaints Section received
“The Ombudsman’s Award” 2015 for “Officers of Public
Organisations” in recognition of their professionalism and
positive attitude in complaints handling.
The Ombudsman’s Awards Presentation Ceremony was held
on 29 October 2015. Mr Stephen Ho Sai-wing and Mr Edmond
Chau Kwan-ho both working in the EAA’s Complaints Section,
received individual awards for their outstanding performance in
handling enquiries and complaints.
監管局主席梁永祥太平紳士，BBS（右一）、行政總裁韓婉萍女士（左二），以及執行總監方安妮女士（左一）在頒獎典禮上與監管局兩位得獎者合照。
EAA Chairman Mr William Leung Wing-cheung, BBS, JP, (first from right), Chief Executive Officer Ms Ruby Hon Yuen-ping (second from left) and Director of Operations Ms Annie Fonda (first from left) took photos with the two awardees at the ceremony.
監管局員工獲頒發「2015申訴專員嘉許獎」EAA EMPLOYEES RECEIVED “THE OMBUDSMAN’S AWARD” 2015
Both awardees were very pleased to receive the award. “We
should try our best with empathy to handle each complaint
case impartially”, Mr Stephen Ho said. “We should handle
each complaint case with diligence to earn the respect and
confidence of the public”, Mr Edmond Chau added.
This was the first time that EAA officers were commended for
their outstanding performance in providing quality customer
service. They had set good examples by adopting a positive
attitude to serve the public. There were 50 awardees from
various public organisations and Government departments.
兩位得獎者對是次獲獎感到十分高興。何世榮先生表示：「我們應不偏不倚、本着
『同理心』、盡力地處理每宗投訴個案。」鄒君豪先生補充道：「我們應用心處理投訴個案，以贏取大眾的尊重和信心。」
這是監管局首次提名員工參加申訴專員嘉許獎，共有50名來自不同公營機構和政府部門的公職人員獲獎。
新聞速遞 NEWS FLASH
08
由2015年10月2日起，監管局繳費處接受以易辦事繳付牌照申請費用。有關費用可以現金、易辦事或支票繳付。牌照申請人如欲於有關期間的最後數天才提出申請，則監管局建議申請人避免以支票繳付有關費用。因為倘若所遞交的有關支票因任何原因不能兌現，有關申請或不會被認為是於有關期間內提出。
Effective from 2 October 2015, the EAA’s Shroff office accepts
EPS for licence application fees payment. While payment may be
made in cash, by EPS or cheque, licence applicants are advised
not to pay by cheque if they intend to make an application in the
last few days of the stipulated period because the application may
not be considered made within the stipulated period if the cheque
cannot be cashed for whatever reason.
監管局繳費處接受以易辦事繳付牌照申請費用THE EAA’S SHROFF OFFICE ACCEPTS EPS FOR APPLICATION FEES PAYMENT
鄒君豪先生從申訴專員劉燕卿女士手上接過獎座。
Mr Edmond Chau received the award from The Ombudsman, Ms Connie Lau.
何世榮先生感謝同事們的支持。
Mr Stephen Ho was grateful to his colleagues for their continued support.
新聞速遞 NEWS FLASH
09
為提醒大眾在訂立住宅物業租約時應注意的事項，以協助他們在過程中能細心考慮，監管局於2015年11月下旬出版全新消費者小冊子 《安心租屋指南》。
該小冊子提供豐富資訊，包括承租／放租過程中涉及的不同步驟。公眾可於監管局網頁閱覽該小冊子，或親臨監管局辦事處或各區民政事務處諮詢服務中心索取。
持牌人應採取措施協助打擊洗黑錢活動及定期瀏覽打擊清洗黑錢財務行動特別組織的網頁(www.fatf-gafi.org)，以獲取其最新消息，及留意有關恐怖分子或與恐怖分子有聯繫者的更新名單。
請留意，財務行動特別組織於2015年10月18-23日舉行會議後已發出公開聲明及一份有關改善全球打擊洗黑錢及反恐怖主義融資規管的文件，而恐怖份子或與恐怖份子有聯繫者的名單則已於2015年12月4日更新，持牌人可參閱該組織的網頁及相關政府憲報資料(www.gld.gov.hk/egazette/
pdf/20151949/cgn201519499389.pdf)。
監管局提醒所有持牌人，如發現任何懷疑洗黑錢個案，須向聯合財富情報組作出舉報
(www.jfiu.gov.hk)。
In order to remind the public of the
essential points to note and to help them
consider carefully the process of entering
into a tenancy agreement of residential
properties, the EAA published a new
consumer booklet named “A Guide to Tenancy” in late November 2015.
The booklet provides important information on the different steps
during the renting/leasing process. The public may view the booklet
on the EAA’s website or collect it at the office of the EAA or at the
Public Enquiry Service Centres of the Home Affairs Department.
Licensees should adopt measures to help combat money
laundering activities and visit the website of Financial Action Task
Force (“FATF”) on money laundering (www.fatf-gafi.org) regularly
for its updates and news, and pay attention to any updated list of
terrorists and terrorist associates.
Please note that the FATF has issued a public statement and a
document titled “Improving Global AML/CFT Compliance: On-
going Process” subsequent to its meeting on 18-23 October
2015 and the list of terrorists and terrorist associates has been
last updated on 4 December 2015. Licensees may visit the
FATF’s website and the notice at the Government’s Gazette
for more details (www.gld.gov.hk/egazette/pdf/20151949/
egn201519499389.pdf).
The EAA reminds all licensees that any suspicious cases of money
laundering should be reported to the Joint Financial Intelligence Unit
(www.jfiu.gov.hk).
新消費者小冊子 《安心租屋指南》 經已出版NEW CONSUMER BOOKLET “A GUIDE TO TENANCY” HAS BEEN PUBLISHED
聯合國更新恐怖分子及與恐怖分子有聯繫者的名單UPDATED LIST OF TERRORISTS AND TERRORIST ASSOCIATES ISSUED BY THE UNITED NATIONS
焦點話題IN FOCUS
10
隨着大眾的環保意識不斷增強，不少市民身體力行，在日常生活及家居實踐環保，例如自備購物袋、進行廢物分類、節約能源等。原來，除了綠化家居，還可在辦公室中推動綠化。這不但能有效減少資源消耗，還能締造更健康舒適的工作環境，提高整體工作效率。
香港大廈高聳林立，建築物密度之高冠絕全球，而建築物的耗電量佔全港耗電量的九成，尤以商業大廈佔大部分。近年，開始有個別商業大廈的業主及租戶，訂立設有「綠色條款」的「綠色租約」，透過不同的系統和設備，配合綠色管理模式和原則，減少商業大廈的碳排放量，實行「綠色租賃」，成為真正的「綠色辦公室」。
監管局知道地產代理業界有不少公司願意致力環保，但未知持牌人對「綠色辦公室」的認識有多少，或者有否聽過「綠色租約」。因此，今期《專業天地》就特別為持牌人簡單介紹一下。
推行環保辦公室首先，要推行環保辦公室，看似困難，其實不外乎依循「4R」原則：即減少使用
(Reduce)、廢物利用(Reuse)、替代使用
(Replace)和循環再用 (Recycle)。
一般辦公室使用最多的資源，可算是紙張和電力。近年，以電子方式代替紙張已十分普遍，而且實行容易；在節能方面，可考慮使用慳電燈膽或LED照明系統，並善用電器用品內的慳電功能及時間掣，均能有效減少耗電量。
With rising public awareness of environmental protection, more
citizens are willing to go green in their daily lives, such as using their
own shopping bags, carrying out waste separation and energy
saving, etc. As well as greening at home, a green office can also
reduce consumption of resources effectively, build a better working
environment and enhance the overall efficiency at work.
High-rise buildings are common in Hong Kong, with one of the highest
densities in the world. Buildings in Hong Kong account for 90% of the
city’s annual electricity consumption of which commercial buildings
make up the bulk. In recent years some landlords and tenants have
started signing “green leases” with “green clauses”. Through various
systems and facilities, together with green management principles, a
building’s carbon footprint can be reduced. Such a “green tenancy”
can turn an office into a truly “green office”.
The EAA understands that many estate agency companies are willing
to take environmental protection measures but some licensees may not
know much about a “green office” or have heard of a “green tenancy”.
Hence, this issue of Horizons will briefly introduce the related concepts.
MEASURES FOR AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY OFFICEAlthough it appears difficult to operate an environmentally friendly
office, it can be done easily by following the simple “4R” principles:
Reduce, Reuse, Replace and Recycle.
The most consumed resources in an office are usually paper and
electricity. Nowadays, it is common to use electronic platforms instead
of paper and it is easy to implement. For energy saving, adopting energy-
saving light bulbs or LED lighting systems can help. In addition, making
good use of the built-in energy-saving features of electronic appliances
and timer switches can reduce electricity consumption effectively.
綠色租約GREEN LEASE
焦點話題 IN FOCUS
11
此外，在採購方面，也可貫徹環保原則，例如採購有能源效益標籤的器材及可循環再造的產品。公司也可從減少建築廢料方面著手，例如使用可移動的層板作間隔，既靈活又便於拆卸，日後搬遷時亦可重用。
實踐綠色營運 「綠色租約」可說是「綠色辦公室」的延伸。業主與租客在訂立租約時，以不同模式加入一些「綠色條款」，共同制定環保目標，實踐綠色營運與管理原則，一方面既可推動租客進行環保管理，又可以提升彼此的企業形象。至於當中租客及業主的責任，則視乎彼此同意的「綠色條款」內容而定，參考一些個案，可發現當中會有以下一些措施例子：
• 監察能源使用透過在大廈裝設能源監察系統，各種設備的用電量、耗水量等資料均可一目了然。這樣不但方便管理，更可與租客分享能源數據，針對耗電量高的項目而作出調節，並透過業主與租客之間的利益分置，鼓勵租客減少用電量。
• 回收設施在辦公室設置回收站或回收箱，鼓勵租客將廢料分類棄置或循環再用。
• 提高環保意識一方面，業主可向租客提供技術支援；而另一方面，租客則可為員工提供有關環保的培訓，並舉辦更多推廣環保的活動，提升員工的環保意識。
The procurement process can also be environmentally friendly by
purchasing equipment with Energy Efficiency Labels and green
products which are recyclable. A company can also minimise
construction waste by using a movable wall system for partitioning.
This allows flexibility and can be disassembled easily for reuse in
case of relocation in the future.
CARRYING OUT GREEN OPERATIONSA “green lease” can be viewed as an extension of a “green office”.
When the landlord and the tenant enter into a tenancy agreement,
some “green clauses” can be added to the agreement. Both parties
can practise green operations and management by setting some
mutually-agreed green targets to protect the environment. This
not only motivates the tenant to carry out environmental protection
management but also enhances the corporate image of both
parties. The responsibilities of the tenant and the landlord depend
on the content of the “green clauses”. Some examples are:
• MONITOR ENERGY USAGE Through establishing an energy monitoring system in the
building, the consumption data of electricity and water of
different facilities are available. Sharing energy consumption
data with tenants can facilitate them to make adjustments on
the usage of those items with high electricity consumption. Split
incentive for landlords and tenants can encourage the tenant to
reduce electricity usage.
• RECYCLING FACILITIES Setting up a recycling station or a recycling box in the office can
encourage the tenant to separate waste materials or recycle/
reuse them.
• PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESSThe land lord can prov ide
technical support to the tenant.
At the same time the tenant
can provide environmental
protection training to their staff
and organise related events
to enhance their awareness of
environmental protection.
焦點話題 IN FOCUS
12
締造共贏其實，即使沒有訂立「綠色租約」，要在辦公室進行綠色管理也並非難事，對業主、大廈環境、租客及其員工皆有好處。節能減排已是全球關注的議題，推行「綠色租賃」，更可能提升租值及租用率，同時提升企業形象。
對租客而言，有效節能不但能減省營運成本，也能提供舒適的工作環境以提高員工的生產力。同時，「綠色辦公室」對員工的身心健康帶來正面影響，而工作環境的改善，也能增加他們的歸屬感。
雖然，對一般業主或租客來說，推行「綠色租約」這個構思可能有點新，一般地產代理也可能未曾處理或接觸過「綠色租約」，但所有人都應該對環保盡一分力，朝着這個方向逐步前行，為香港、以至地球的未來而努力。
A “WIN-WIN” COLLABORATIONEven without a “green lease” it is not difficult to carry out green
management in an office. It not only benefits the landlord but also the
entire environment of the building, the tenant and their staff. Carrying
out a “green tenancy” may increase the rental value and the occupancy
rate of the rental units, while enhancing the landlord’s corporate image
at the same time.
For tenants, effective energy savings can reduce operational costs
and enhance staff productivity by providing them with a better working
environment. A “green office” can also have a positive effect on staff
and enhance their sense of belonging to a company.
Although the idea of a “green lease” may be new and unfamiliar to
landlords, tenants and estate agents we should all move forward to
protect our environment and strive for a better future for Hong Kong
and the world.
人物誌PORTRAIT
13
張國鈞太平紳士Mr Horace Cheung Kwok-kwan, JP
執業及考試委員會主席張國鈞太平紳士本期 《專業天地》 專訪了監管局執業及考試委員會主席張國鈞太平紳士，了解一下身兼多項公職的張先生，對委員會工作的感受和對房屋問題的見解。
問： 你自2014年11月起出任執業及考試委員會主席，至今已超過一年，回顧期內工作有何感受？可否和 《專業天地》 的讀者分享一下？
答： 我在2012年11月加入監管局董事局，轉眼已超過3年，對於其他監管局成員及執業及考試委員會委員的投入和付出印象深刻。這幾年間我對地產代理業界的了解加深了很多，也明白到他們經營環境的變化及執業時面對的困難和挑戰。然而，作為執業及考試委員會主席，我必須致力提升地產代理的執業水平，在制定新的規定及指引時，除了要切合實際執業環境和手法外，也要確保業界依法執業。這方面的工作並非輕易，但慶幸得到委員會中其他成員及行政部門的支持，令到推行的政策得以順利實行。
• 張國鈞楊煒凱律師事務所合夥人 Partner, Cheung & Yeung, Solicitors• 中西區區議會民選議員 Elected Member, Central & Western District Council• 長遠房屋策略督導委員會委員 Member, Long Term Housing Strategy Steering Committee• 香港房屋委員會委員 Member, Hong Kong Housing Authority
AN INTERVIEW WITH MR HORACE CHEUNG KWOK-KWAN, JP, CHAIRMAN OF THE PRACTICE AND EXAMINATION COMMITTEE In this issue of Horizons, we interviewed Mr Horace Cheung
Kwok-kwan, JP, Chairman of the EAA Practice and Examination
Committee and who is also engaged in a number of public services,
about the work of the Committee and his views on housing issues.
Q: You have been the Chairman of the Practice and Examination
Committee for over one year now, since November 2014. Could
you share with the readers of Horizons your feelings about it?
A: I have been a member of the EAA Board for over three years
now, since joining in November 2012. I am deeply impressed
by the dedication and commitment of the other EAA members
and the members of the Practice and Examination Committee.
In these few years I have learnt a lot about the estate agency
trade and now understand more about the changes in its
business environment and the difficulties and challenges faced
by practitioners. However, as the Chairman of the Practice and
Examination Committee, I must strive to enhance the standard
of the estate agency trade and ensure the trade’s compliance
when formulating new regulations and guidelines, while taking
into account the practical environment and current housing
trends. This is no easy task but I am blessed to have the support
of the other members of the Committee and the Administration,
and together we have executed our policies smoothly.
14
人物誌 PORTRAIT
問： 你認為現時法例對買賣雙方的保障是否足夠？對於現時代理的專業水平，你有何看法？你覺得有否需要加深考試難度以提升代理水平？
答： 《地產代理條例》 生效至今已快將二十年，地產代理的執業手法和環境，已經與從前有很大分別，慶幸監管局多年來都緊貼市場變遷，不斷推出新的執業通告及更新指引，因此整體而言，我認為對地產代理規管的硬件是足夠的。至於持牌人的專業水平，當然是希望越高越好，而事實上消費者對地產代理提供服務的期望也只會越來越高。因此，我們不時都會審視資格考試的內容，從而提升整體的入門水平。
問： 房屋和樓市是近年最受社會關注的議題，你除了出任監管局的成員之外，同時也是長遠房屋策略督導委員會和香港房屋委員會的委員，在這方面定必相當熟悉，你對這議題又有何看法？
答： 對於香港人置業的問題，我在2015
年9月時曾為監管局的「精明置業系列﹕如何做個精明一手樓買家」公開講座擔任講者之一，也分享了個人的置業經驗。其實，房屋問題屬於近年政府施政的重要議題，政府希望透過增加房屋供應，解決住屋問題，並訂立未來建屋目標，但尋找合適的土地建屋需時，過程亦面對不少阻力，要真正解決住屋問題並非一朝一夕的事。無論如何，置業是人生中一個重要決定，必須小心衡量個人的經濟能力，切勿受外圍氣氛或一時衝動作出錯誤決定。
Q: Do you think the existing legislation is adequate for protecting
both purchasers and vendors? What do you think of the
current professional standard of the trade? Do you think it is
necessary to increase the difficulty level of the examinations to
enhance the standard of practitioners?
A: As the Estate Agents Ordinance was enacted almost 20 years
ago, estate agency practice and the environment are different
now. Fortunately, the EAA has been alert and responsive to
changing market conditions and has issued new practice
circulars and updated our guidelines from time to time.
Overall, I believe that the hardware of regulating the estate
agency trade is adequate. As to the professional standard of
the licensees, it is always the higher the better. As a matter
of fact, consumers’ expectations for the services from estate
agents will only increase over time. Hence, we review the
content of the qualifying examinations from time to time to
enhance the overall standard of entrants.
Q: The issue of housing and the property market has been the
public’s biggest concern in recent years. As a member of
the Long Term Housing Strategy Steering Committee and
the Hong Kong Housing Authority in addition to the EAA,
you must be very familiar with this issue. Could you share
with us your insights?
A: On the topic of home buying in Hong Kong, earlier in
September 2015, I shared some of my experiences at the
EAA’s public seminar on how to be a smart purchaser of
first-hand residential properties. The housing issue has been
one of the most important elements in Government policy in
recent years. The Government hopes to increase the housing
supply to solve the problem and set up a number of housing
targets, but it takes time to locate the suitable land for housing
construction and much resistance will be encountered in the
process. Therefore, the housing problem will not be solved
overnight. However, home buying is an important lifetime
decision and it should be made with careful consideration of
one’s own financial ability, and it should not be an impulse
decision or affected by real estate bubbles.
誠信與你INTEGRITY IN FOCUS
15
引言持牌人在處理物業交易時，須向客戶披露與該物業相關的個人利益，否則有可能被監管局紀律處分。
事件經過一名地產代理在一住宅物業租賃中安排租客簽訂租約。在交易過程中，租客並未曾與業主會面。後來，租客發現租約上所寫的業主名稱是該地產代理的母親，但根據土地查冊，登記業主其實是該地產代理本人。
該地產代理解釋該物業其實是由其母親購買，而她只是登記業主。然而，監管局紀律委員會認為，該地產代理有意隱瞞自己為業主的身分，故在租約的業主名稱上寫上其母親的姓名。
研訊結果監管局紀律委員會認為，該地產代理違反了執業通告（編號08-03（CR））的指引，即地產代理不可以購買或租住其客戶的物業，亦不可以將自己的物業售賣或出租予客戶，除非地產代理與客戶達成任何協議前，已經向客戶全面披露所有有關事實，並在客戶知情和同意的情況下進行交易。
考慮到個案性質及該地產代理的違規紀錄後，委員會決定譴責該名代理，暫時吊銷其牌照一個月，並在其牌照上附加條件，要求她在24個月內取得持續專業進修計劃下的12個核心科目學分。
INTRODUCTION Licensees should disclose their own personal interests to their
clients in relation to the properties they handle. Otherwise, they
may be subject to disciplinary action by the EAA.
INCIDENTAn estate agent arranged for a tenant to enter into a tenancy
agreement in a leasing transaction. Throughout the transaction, the
tenant had never met the landlord. Later on, the tenant discovered
that the landlord’s name stated in the tenancy agreement was
the mother of the agent, and yet the land search revealed that the
estate agent herself was in fact the registered owner.
The estate agent explained that the property was in fact bought
by her mother and she was only the registered owner. However,
the EAA Disciplinary Committee was of the view that the estate
agent had the intention to conceal the fact that she was the
owner by writing her mother’s name as the landlord in the
tenancy agreement.
RESULTThe EAA Disciplinary Committee found that the estate agent had
failed to comply with the guidelines set out in Practice Circular 08-
03(CR), which stipulate that an estate agent may not purchase
or rent property from his client, and he may not sell or let his own
property to his client unless he has made a full disclosure of all the
relevant facts to his client before entering into any agreement with
his client and has obtained his client’s informed consent to such a
transaction.
Having considered the nature and gravity of the case and the
disciplinary record of the estate agent, the Committee decided to
reprimand the estate agent and suspend her licence for a month. A
condition was also attached to her licence, requiring her to obtain
12 points in the core subjects of the CPD Scheme in 24 months.
紀律研訊個案：未有披露個人利益DISCIPLINARY HEARING CASE: FAILURE TO DISCLOSE PERSONAL INTERESTS
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誠信與你 INTEGRITY IN FOCUS
香港房地產代理業聯會第一副主席李景亮先生Mr Lee King-leongVice-chairman of Hong Kong Property Agencies Association
COMMENT FROM TRADE Before entering into any agreement with clients, estate agents should declare interests to their clients. When handling property transactions, estate agents should disclose to their clients if they themselves or their relatives are the owners of the property involved. They may consider signing a declaration and provide the same to their clients, so as to protect the rights and interests of both parties.
業界回應與客戶達成任何協議前，地產代理應先向客戶作出利益披露。地產代理在處理物業交易時，倘若該物業的業權人是其親屬或其本人，他應向客戶作出披露，並可考慮向客戶提供一份申報聲明，以保障雙方權益。
紀律研訊個案： 未能兌現現金回贈承諾DISCIPLINARY HEARING CASE: FAILING TO HONOUR PROMISE OF CASH REBATE
引言持牌人應履行對客戶的優惠承諾，否則有可能被監管局紀律處分。
事件經過一名買家透過一營業員購買一手住宅物業。在簽訂臨時買賣合約前，該營業員的主管對該買家作出口頭承諾，指如果她透過其地產代理公司購入該物業，她將可獲得發展商給予其公司的佣金的一半作為回贈。然而，由於該主管當時尚未知道發展商給予的佣金比率，故未有指明回贈的確實金額。
其後，該主管通知買家，發展商將給予其地產代理公司的佣金為該物業售價的2.5%。由於該物業的售價為$3,071,350，故該買家期望可收取約$38,000的回贈。可是，該買家發現佣金回贈確認通知書上的回贈金額只有約$6,000，遂拒絕簽署該確認書，並向監管局作出投訴。
INTRODUCTIONLicensees should fulfill the incentives they promised their clients. Otherwise, they may be subject to disciplinary action by the EAA.
INCIDENTA purchaser purchased a first-hand residential property through a salesperson. Before signing the provisional agreement for sale and purchase, the supervisor of the salesperson verbally promised to give the purchaser half of the commission offered to the estate agency by the developer if she purchased the property through the agency. Yet, the supervisor did not indicate the exact amount of the rebate as he did not know the commission rate at that time.
Later on, the supervisor informed the purchaser that the developer would offer 2.5% of the property price to the agency as commission. Given the property price was $3,071,350, the purchaser expected she would receive a rebate of around $38,000. However, the amount stated on the confirmation letter offered by the agency was only around $6,000. Thus, the purchaser refused to sign the confirmation letter and lodged a complaint with the EAA.
17
誠信與你 INTEGRITY IN FOCUS
研訊結果監管局紀律委員會認為，該主管沒有遵守執業通告（編號13-04(CR)）內的指引，當中規定持牌人須將其提供的任何優惠（包括任何送贈、折扣或回贈）以書面形式向準買家作出，並具體列明提供優惠的條款及形式。同時，他違反了操守守則第3.7.2段，即「地產代理和營業員應避免做出可能令地產代理行業信譽及/或名聲受損的行為。」
在考慮個案的性質及該主管的違規紀錄後，紀律委員會決定譴責該主管、吊銷其牌照14日及罰款3,000元，並在其牌照上附加條件，要求他在24個月內取得持續專業進修計劃下的24個核心科目學分。
RESULTThe EAA Disciplinary Committee found that the supervisor had failed to comply with the guidelines set out in Practice Circular 13-04(CR), which stipulates that licensees must set out in writing any incentives, including any gifts, discounts or rebates, that they have offered to prospective purchasers, and stipulate clearly the terms and format of the incentives so offered. He also failed to comply with paragraph 3.7.2 of the Code of Ethics, which stipulates that “Estate agents and salespersons should avoid any practice which may bring discredit and/or disrepute to the estate agency trade.”
Having considered the nature and gravity of the case and
the disciplinary record of the supervisor, the Disciplinary
Committee decided to reprimand him, suspend his licence
for 14 days and impose on him a fine of $3,000. A condition
was also attached to his licence, requiring him to obtain 24
points in the core subjects of the CPD Scheme in 24 months.
香港地產代理專業協會會長 郭昶先生Mr Anthony Kwok ChongChairman of Society of Hong Kong Real Estate Agents Ltd.
COMMENT FROM TRADESimilar cases are common. To avoid unnecessary argument, licensees should set out in writing any incentives, including any gifts, discounts or rebates that they have offered to prospective purchasers. In the above case, the estate agent should state in writing that the client will receive 50% of the commission received by the estate agency company from the developer. In so doing, the complaint may be avoided.
業界回應類似個案過往常有出現，為避免無謂爭拗，持牌人應將其對客戶承諾提供的任何優惠或回贈，清楚地以書面形式向客戶作出，就上述個案而言，持牌人可以以書面向客戶承諾，地產代理公司會從發展商收到的佣金總額中回贈50％給予買家，便可避免有關之投訴。
CPD重溫CPD RECAP
18
為加強持牌人就大廈公契及 《建築物管理條例》 涉及的法律及實務的認識，監管局於2015年10月28日舉辦了相關的講座。
是次講座由饒富經驗的江玉歡律師主講，她為從業員講解相關的法例和規定，並引用了一些實際案件例子，讓持牌人更容易了解有關法例和物業管理的要求。是次講座反應熱烈，出席人數刷新本年紀錄，有429名從業員參加，並就是次講座給予正面評價。
江律師重申，物業或土地的用途是受着政府批出該土地的地契、其他法例或相關條文及有關大廈公契所約束，因此，從業員應查閱相關賣地／批地條件及大廈公契等對該物業或土地的用途是否有任何限制或規定，及查核有可能影響有關物業的法律糾紛，例如物業是否附有違建工程、滲水問題等，以保障客戶的利益。在有需要的情況下，持牌人應建議客戶尋求認可人士的專業意見。
In order to enhance estate
agency practitioners’ knowledge
r e g a r d i n g t h e l e g a l a n d
practical matters related to
the deed of mutual covenant
and the Building Management
Ordinance, the EAA organised
a seminar on the subject on 28
October 2015.
The speaker of this seminar, Ms.
Doreen Kong, an experienced
pract is ing lawyer , br ie fed
practitioners on the relevant laws and regulations. She also quoted
some illustrative real-life cases in order to facilitate practitioners’
understanding of the relevant legal and property management
requirements. The seminar was extremely well received, with
a yearly high of 429 participants, and all of them gave positive
feedback on the seminar.
At the seminar, Ms. Kong emphasised that the user of a property
or land is restricted by the government lease, related ordinances
or government regulations as well as the related deed of mutual
covenants. Hence, to protect the interest of their clients,
practitioners should check the Conditions of Sale/Grant and the
deed of mutual covenants, etc. for any restrictions or requirements
set for the property or land, and any legal proceedings, for example
relating to unauthorised building works or water leakage, etc.,
commenced against the concerned property, when needed. If
necessary, practitioners should advise their clients to seek the
opinion of authorised persons.
持續專業進修講座 CPD SEMINAR
“物業交易 — 大廈公契及 《建築物管理條例》 的常見爭議”PROPERTY TRANSACTIONS – COMMON DISPUTES RELATING TO THE DEED OF MUTUAL COVENANT AND THE BUILDING MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE
執業問與答PRACTICE Q&A
19
在 《專業天地》 內，我們會解答與持牌人執業息息相關的一些常見提問。In Horizons, we will answer selected enquiries commonly raised by licensees concerning estate agency practice.
問： 持牌人在參與銷售一手住宅物業時，可否要求準買家提供身份證明文件（如香港身份證）以作登記之用？而在處理二手住宅物業交易時，我們應否索取客戶的身份證明文件以作紀錄？
Q: Can licensees request prospective purchasers to provide identification documents (e.g. HKID card) for
registration when participating in the sales of first-hand residential properties? When handling second-
hand residential property transactions, should we ask for clients’ ID for our records?
答： 根據監管局發出的執業通告（編號13-04（CR）），除非賣方特別規定，否則持牌人不得要求準買家交出身份證明文件（如身份證、護照）及／或信用咭作任何用途。
如持牌人在賣方的要求下向準買家提出上述要求，他們須以書面形式清楚說明，索取有關身份證明文件的用途及有關要求是由賣方提出的。
此外，倘若有關身份證明文件已不需作原先所屬用途或已作有關用途，持牌人須及早向準買家交還該等證件。
處理二手住宅物業交易時，根據 《地產代理常規（一般責任及香港住宅物業）規例》 第13（3）條，為避免在任何住宅物業的買賣協議或租契中在身分方面有具欺詐成分的失實陳述，持牌人須採取所有切實可行的步驟，以確保賣方（或業主）的姓名或名稱正確，如賣方（或業主）屬一名個人，則該等步驟可包括向賣方（或業主）收取身分證明文件的副本以作核實。
此外，持牌人同時應留意，在收集、使用和處理客戶個人資料時，必須遵守 《個人資料（私隱）條例》。
A: According to the Practice Circular No. 13-04 (CR) issued by the EAA, unless specifically required by the vendor, licensees must not ask prospective purchasers to provide identification documents (e.g. identity cards, passports) and/or credit cards for any purpose.
In case licensees ask prospective purchasers to do so at the request of the vendor, they must state clearly in writing the purposes for which the identification documents will be used and that it is the vendor’s requirement.
Moreover, licensees must promptly return the identification document to prospective purchasers when the document is no longer required for the stated purposes or after the purposes have been fulfilled.
When handling second-hand residential property transactions, according to section 13(3) of the Estate Agents Practice (General Duties and Hong Kong Residential Properties) Regulation, a licensee shall, for the purpose of avoiding the fraudulent misrepresentation of identity in an agreement for sale and purchase or a lease of a residential property, take all practicable steps to ensure that the name of the vendor (or landlord) is correct (which steps may include, if the vendor (or landlord) is an individual, collecting a copy of the vendor’s (or landlord’s) identity card or other identification document).
Moreover, licensees are reminded that they should comply with the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance in respect of the collection, use and handling of clients’ personal data.
顧名思義ABC IN ESTATE AGENCY
20
住宅租約的租期在香港一般是以兩年為主。然而，一般租約通常會加入「中斷租期條款」，付予一方或雙方提早終止有關租約的權利。此權利可在若干情況下行使，例如其中一方只須給予另一方若干個月（一般為一至兩個月）的書面通知或代通知金，便可提前終止租約，但在發出該通知時，租客最少要租住滿某個期間（一般為12至14個月，視乎雙方協議而定）。
行使此權利並不會違反租賃協議。反之，假如租約上並未包含中斷租期條款，則視乎租約其他條款，業主與租客雙方都不能在租約期滿之前提早中斷租約。
目前，業主及租客普遍可透過協商享有此權利。中斷租期條款可為立約雙方提供更大的靈活性，但同時也因任何一方均可行使此條款，而要求更改租約條款（如租金金額）或甚至提早解約，而令租賃增添變數。
The term of a domestic tenancy in Hong Kong is generally two
years. However, a “break clause” is often inserted into a tenancy
agreement giving one or both parties the right to terminate the
tenancy before the expiry of its term. This right can be exercised
after certain happenings, such as issuing a written notice in
advance of certain months (usually one or two months) or giving
a payment in lieu, provided that by then the tenant has at least
rented the property for a certain period (usually 12 to 14 months
depending on the negotiation of both parties).
The exercise of this right is not a breach of the tenancy
agreement. However, if a break clause is not included in the
tenancy agreement, then both the landlord and the tenant shall,
subject to the other terms of the tenancy agreement, have no
right to terminate the agreement before its expiry.
It is now fairly common for both the landlord and the tenant to be
given this right after negotiation. A break clause in the tenancy
agreement provides greater flexibility for both the landlord and
the tenant but it might also affect the stability of the tenancy
as either party may seek revisions to the terms (e.g. the rental
amount) of the lease or even surrender the tenancy after the right
is exercised.
何謂「中斷租期條款」？“BREAK CLAUSE”
活動紀要EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES
21
監管局於2015年11月1日參加了由「母親的抉擇」舉辦的家庭慈善步行日，為「母親的抉擇」籌集經費。「母親的抉擇」是一個宣揚關愛等待永久家庭的嬰兒及兒童、以及提供協助予意外懷孕的未婚少女及其家人的非牟利機構。
是次慈善步行沿寶雲道健步行徑出發，監管局共有31位員工及其親友參加，並為「母親的抉擇」籌得港幣共90,788元。所有參加者樂在其中，共度了一個愉快的早上。
On 1 November 2015, the EAA participated in the “Walkathon
2015” organised by Mother’s Choice, a non-profit organisation
that provides and promotes loving, nurturing care for babies and
children needing permanent homes, and for single girls and their
family facing crisis pregnancies.
The scenic walk was held along Bowen Road Fitness Trail. A
total of 31 EAA staff, their families and friends participated in the
event. The EAA raised a total of $90,788 for Mother’s Choice
through the Walkathon. All participants enjoyed the walk and
had a wonderful morning.
監管局參與「母親的抉擇」家庭慈善步行日EAA PARTICIPATED IN THE “WALKATHON 2015” ORGANISED BY MOTHER’S CHOICE
22
統計數字STATISTICS
考試日期Examination date
17/09/2015
營業員牌照Salesperson’s Licence
20,205 合夥經營Partnerships
227獨資經營Sole proprietorships
1,628
總數 Total
有限公司Limited companies
4,610
地產代理（個人）牌照Estate Agent’s Licence (Individual)
17,199
個人牌照總和 Total no. of individual licences
地產代理（公司）牌照Estate Agent’s Licence (Company)
3,240
已處理的投訴個案結果* （2015年1月至11月）RESULTS OF COMPLETED COMPLAINT CASES* (JANUARY TO NOVEMBER 2015)
140
147
16
91
總數Total
394
指稱成立 Substantiated
指稱不成立 Unsubstantiated
資料不足 Insufficient information to pursue
其他（例如投訴人撤回投訴或因其他原因而終止調查） Others (include cases withdrawn or closed because of other reasons)
* 部分是往年接獲的個案 some cases were carried over from previous years
接獲的投訴 （2015年1月至11月）NUMBER OF COMPLAINT CASES RECEIVED (JANUARY TO NOVEMBER 2015)
290
考試 EXAMINATIONS
牌照數目 （截至2015年11月30日）NUMBER OF LICENCES (AS AT 30/11/2015)
營業詳情說明書 （截至2015年11月30日）NUMBER OF STATEMENTS OF PARTICULARS OF BUSINESS (AS AT 30/11/2015)
地產代理資格考試 ESTATE AGENTS QUALIFYING EXAMINATION
營業員資格考試 SALESPERSONS QUALIFYING EXAMINATION
37,4046,465
考試日期Examination date
23/10/2015
參加人數No. of candidates
1,335 合格率Pass rate24.5%
參加人數No. of candidates
1,067 合格率Pass rate39.9%
23
統計數字 STATISTICS
訓誡／譴責Admonishment/reprimand
206罰款 Fine
132
於牌照附加／更改條件Attachment/alteration of conditions to licence
219暫時吊銷牌照Suspension
12
撤銷牌照Revocation
42#
有關的持牌人或前持牌人人數No of licensees or ex-licensees
巡查發現主動調查的個案 （2015年1月至11月）NUMBER OF CASES ARISING FROM SELF-INITIATED INVESTIGATIONS DURING INSPECTIONS (JANUARY TO NOVEMBER 2015)
向持牌人或前持牌人採取的行動 （2015年1月至11月）*ACTIONS TAKEN AGAINST LICENSEES OR EX-LICENSEES (JANUARY TO NOVEMBER 2015)*
巡查次數 （2015年1月至11月）NUMBER OF COMPLIANCE INSPECTIONS (JANUARY TO NOVEMBER 2015)
* 部分是往年展開調查的個案 some cases were carried over from previous years
* 向持牌人或前持牌人作出的行動是根據 《地產代理條例》 而作出的判決，當中有部份可能屬於紀律性質，包括在發牌時或在其他情況下於牌照上附加條件。* These actions were taken pursuant to powers under the EAO. Some actions may be disciplinary in nature and others not, and they include the
attachment of conditions to licences whether upon issuance or otherwise.# 這些個案由牌照委員會裁定。理由是持牌人不符合適當人選要求，因而不適合繼續持有牌照。# These cases were decided by the Licensing Committee on the ground that the licensees concerned were considered not fit and proper to
continue to hold a licence.
主動調查的個案Cases arising from self-initiated investigations
主動調查而指稱成立的個案*Cases completed from self-initiated investigations and were substantiated*
65 38
作出的處分或行動 ACTIONS TAKEN
358
代理商舖 Estate agency
shops
1,488一手樓盤銷售處 First-sale sites
1,127 網上物業廣告 Online property advertisements
546
www.eaa.org.hk
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