? is there a smallest piece? democritus aristotle plato euclid hippocrates socrates ...
TRANSCRIPT
?
Is there a smallest piece?
DemocritusAristotlePlatoEuclid
Hippocrates SocratesArchimedes Pythagoras
509 B.C. Rome becomes a Republic 450 B.C. Democritus and Aristotle live 350 -323 B.C. Alexander the Great Conquers
Greece 146 B.C. Rome Re-Conquers Greece 44 B.C. Julius Caesar dies…Rome becomes
Empire 1 A.D.- 315 A.D. Birth of Christ – Emperor
Constantine forms Roman Catholic Church 476 A.D. Roman Empire Falls…Dark Ages
Begin 1300 A.D. -1500 A.D. Renaissance 1492 – 1600 Age of Exploration 1650-1800 Age of Enlightenment 1803 The first experiment testing Democritus’
idea performed by John Dalton
Scientists
Charles DarwinBen FranklinIsaac NewtonLouis Pasteur
JOHN DALTON
Philosophers
Thomas JeffersonJohn LockeThomas PaineRousseauVoltaire
Sometimes called the Age of Reason…Modern Science is born
Mass is conserved when water undergoes a chemical change
The ratio of H2 to O2 gas is the same no matter how much water is used.
2H2 + O2 2H2O
John Dalton’s Observations
The Law of Conservation of Mass
The Law of Constant Composition
DALTON’S Atomic Theory
The atom exists All matter is made of
atoms Atoms are tiny,
indestructible spheres Atoms combine in
fixed ratios to form compounds
The light bends downward towards a positively charged plate on his desk!!!
Thomson’s ObservationsSomething with a negative charge comes off the atomAtoms are neutral (no overall charge)
Thomson’s ModelTiny, negatively particles called electrons are found in the atom scattered throughout like plums in puddingThe pudding is positively charged to balance out the charge
Rutherford’s observationsMost alpha particles go straight through
Very few of them bounce back at or near the direction they came from.
Rutherford’s TheoryMost of the atom is empty space, tiny electrons are found in this space.There is a tiny positive center he names the nucleus. It is the only source of positive charge in the atom.
Bohr’s observationsThe photoelectric effectColors of light given off vary by atom.
The electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths
The further from the nucleus the electron is the less energy is needed to knock it free
The colors of light given off are equal to the energy needed to free the electrons
Heisenberg’s ObservationsIf you know the speed of the electron you can’t know its location
If you know its location you can’t know its speed
Quantum TheoryElectrons do not move in specific paths.Electrons exist in multiple “states” at once. They don’t “pick” a state until you observe them. You can’t pin down electrons you can only say where they are likely to be.
Observations:Matter and energy seem to be interchangeable
E = mc2
Theory:Atoms are a type of vibration of a string.
Strings can vibrate lots of different ways to create all the forms of energy and matter in our universe.