george washington was inaugurated on april 30, 1789 only president to be elected unanimously
TRANSCRIPT
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George Washington was inaugurated on April 30, 1789
Only President to be elected unanimously
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George Washington Sets PrecedentsConstitution does not detail
the powers or responsibilities of the President.
As first President, he had to set a precedent- an example to be followed by others in the future.
Was even a struggle over what to call him – They settled on “Mr. President”
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1.Setting up the Courts
• Constitution left many matters for Congress to decide. Ex. Supreme Court
•Federal Judiciary Act: Created a court system – gave the Supreme Court six members: Chief justice and 5 associate justices
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2.Washington’s Cabinet• Constitution gave Congress
the job of creating departments to assist the President
• Congress created 5 departments – President had the power to appoint the heads to these departments.
• Washington set precedent – he chose well-known leaders
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3.Terms of Office
•1796 Washington decides not to run for a third term
•Became tradition to run serve for only two terms as President
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• Precedents: an example to be followed by others in the future
• 1) Setting up Courts – Federal Judiciary Act
• 2) Washington’s Cabinet- 5 departments
• 3) Terms Office- 2 terms
• 4) Farwell Address:
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4) Washington’s Farewell Address
• Washington warns Americans:
• 1. Political Divisions at home
• 2. No Alliances
• 3. Stay Isolated / Neutral
• 4. Sectionalism- division between North and South
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Alexander Hamilton
Economic Problems of New Nation
Alexander Hamilton – Secretary of Treasury faced the nations economic problems
Main focus was to repay war debts – National debt was more than $52 million
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Alexander Hamilton
Economic Problems
Hamilton's Views:
Believed in Strong Central Government
Supported industry and growth – Nation depended on manufacturers and the wealthy
Must pay back debt in order to borrow in the future
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Alexander Hamilton
Hamilton’s Economic Problems
Hamilton's Plan:
1.Pay off all war debts
2.Raising government revenues (money through taxes)
3.Create a national bank
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James Madison
James Madison disliked Hamilton’s plan
Madison called the plan unfair
Opposition to Plan
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Compromise
Hamilton’s Compromise:
1. Moved the nation’s capital to the District of Colombia (D.C.)
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2. National Bank: the Bank of the United States – used to deposit taxes and issue paper money
3.Protect American Industry: Passed a Tariff – Tax on all foreign
goodsA.K.A. - Protective Tariff – Protect
American goods from foreign
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Whiskey Rebellion
Cause: Congress passed the Whiskey Tax to raise money for the new government
Taxed all liquor made in U.S.
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• Farmers hated tax – Compared it to the hated British taxes
• Pennsylvania farmers protested and rebelled
• Washington acted quickly and proved new government could respond in times of crisis
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Establishing StabilityPreserving Neutrality
• French Revolution:
• Inspired by Declaration of Independence / American Revolution
• Reign of Terror- Fr. Revolutionaries executed 17,000 people – including the King and Queen
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American Opinion
• Federalists – denounced the violence
• Jefferson stated people were fighting for their freedom
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Neutrality Proclamation
• 1793: Fr. + Br. were at War
• Washington: wanted to stay neutral
• Neutral- not favor either side in a dispute
• U.S. still wanted to trade w/ both
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Jay’s Treaty
• Impressment- seizing the sailors and forcing them to serve in the Br. navy
• Hamilton stated: U.S. need to stay friendly with Br. (75% of trade)
• John Jay sent to repair relations
• Jay’s Treaty: 1. w/draw Br. troops in NW territory 2. stop impressment