describe how the nervous system works. describe the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. ...
TRANSCRIPT
Ch. 24 Spine
Objectives Describe how the nervous system works. Describe the peripheral and autonomic nervous
systems. Describe the function of the sympathetic system. Explain common injuries to the spine. Describe the management protocols for an
athlete with a back injury. Explain the symptoms of intervertebral disc
herniation.
Anatomy There is a natural
curvature to the spine
Sectionso Cervical-7o Thoracic-12o Lumbar-5o Sacrum-5 fusedo Coccyx-3 or 4 fused
Vertebrae Bones in the spine
are called vertebras Irregular shaped
bone Different by section
o Cervical smaller, lumbar larger
Body Foramen Spinous and
transverse process
Intervertebral Disc Located in between
each vertebrae Allows for
movement and flexibility in spine
Two partso Nucleus pulposus
• Jelly like parto Annulus fibrosus
• Cartilage
Poor blood supply
Abnormal Posture Forward Head Kyphosis-excessive
roundedness in thoracic spine
Abnormal Posture Lordosis-excessive
forward curve in lumbar spine
Scoliosis-abnormal side to side
Cervical Injuries Worst injuries
occur with neck in flexion
Fracture of cervical vertebrae can cause quadriplegiao Paralysis of all 4
limbs Should leave
football helmets on
Spondylolysis Spondylolysis:
Stress fracture or bone degeneration of the vertebrae
Spondylolisthesis: vertebrae slips onto the bone beneath it
Disc Herniation Nucleus pulposus
seeps through the annulus fibrosus and presses on the spinal cord
Usually in older people
Unilateral leg pain
Back Strain Usually in erector
spinae, latissimus dorsi, or trapezius muscles
Can be overuse or acute
RICE E-stim stretching
Williams Flexion Pelvic Tilt Single knee to
chest Double knee to
chest Partial sit up Hamstring stretch Hip flexor stretch Squat
McKenzie Extension Prone lying Prone lying on
elbows Prone Press-Ups Progressive
extension with pillows
Standing extension