chemical reaction: it is a process that involves breaking the existing bonds in the reactant...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chemical reaction:It is a process that involves breaking the
existing bonds in the reactant molecules and forms new bonds in the products.
Importance of chemical reactions:1. Burning of car fuel in the car engine.2. Plants make their food through
photosynthesis process.3. Medicine, fertilizers, artificial fibers are
examples of outcomes of some chemical reactions.
Chemical Reaction
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1. Thermal decomposition reactions.2. Substitution reactions.3. Oxidation reduction reactions.
Types of chemical reactions
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First: Thermal decomposition reactions
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2 HgO 2Hg + O2
1. Thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide (HgO)
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Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O blue black
2.Thermal decomposition of Copper hydroxide ( Cu (OH)2)
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CuCO3 CuO +CO2
Green black
3 2.Thermal decomposition of Copper carbonate (CuCO3)
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CuSO4 CuO + SO3
blue black
4.Thermal decomposition of copper sulphate(CuSO4)
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2NaNO3 2 NaNO2 + O2
5.Thermal decomposition of Sodium nitrate(NaNO3)
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Air bags:They are considered one of the most important safety means in cars at emergencies.
Science, Technology and society
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Answer ( Worksheet 1) in the science booklet page 12
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They are the reactions which depend on the activity of the metals , where the element which is more active substitutes (replaces) the less active one in its compounds.
The activity of metals can be determined by using the
“chemical activity series”
Second: Substitution reactions
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It is the arrangement of the metals in an descending order according to their chemical activity .
chemical activity series:
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chemical activity series
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1.Simple substitution reactions
2. Double substitution reactions
Types of Substitution reactions
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+ +Types of simple substitution reactionsA. Metal substitutes Hydrogen of acid or
water.B. Metal substitutes another metal in its salt
solution.
1.Simple substitution reactions
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2Na +2 H2O 2NaOH + H2
A.(1) : Metal substitutes Hydrogen of water.
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Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 +H2
A (2) : Metal substitutes Hydrogen of HCl acid
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2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3
+3H2
Cu + HCl No Reaction
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Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 +Cu
B. Metal substitutes another metal in its salt solution.
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booklet page 13
Answer Worksheet(2)
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2. Double substitution reactions
+ +
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1. Reaction between acid and alkali ( Neutralization reaction)
2. Reaction between acid and salt. 3. Reaction between two salt solution.
Types of Double substitution reactions
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Acid + Alkali Salt + Water
HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
1. Reaction between acid and alkali ( Neutralization reaction)
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NaCO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O+CO2
3. Reaction between two salt solution.
NaCl +AgNO3 NaNO3 +AgCL
2. Reaction between acid and salt.