bonding - quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole van der waals. classification of bonds ... in an ionic...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Date
Bonding
![Page 2: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
✤ What are bonds?
✤ Types of Bonds
✤ Ionic or Covalent?
✤ Drawing Bonds
✤ Naming Compounds
![Page 3: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bonds
✤ An attachment between atoms.
✤ Bonds have to do with the electrons (particularly the outside ones) in atoms.
✤ The amount of attraction between the atoms is related to the strength of the bond.
✤ Generally, bonds form so that atoms can achieve eight valence electrons (octet rule).
![Page 4: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Classification of Bonds
Chemical Bonds
Secondary (weak)
Primary (strong)
ionic
covalent
metallic hydrogen/dipole
Van der Waals
![Page 5: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Classification of Bonds
✤ Bonds
✤ ionic
✤ covalent
✤ metallic
![Page 6: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ionic Bonds✤ When atoms combine, they do so by trying to achieve an inert (noble)
gas configuration. In an ionic bond, one gives up electron(s).
✤ In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion.
✤ Sodium Chloride is a classic example (NaCl). Notice the Lewis Diagram
![Page 7: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Covalent Bonds
✤ Covalent bonding involves the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons so that each molecule achieves an inert gas configuration.
✤ Hydrogen is a classic example is H2
![Page 8: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Metallic Bonds
✤ The valence electrons become detached from the nucleus of individual atoms and are shared (like covalent). The positive ions are closely packed within a sea of delocalized electrons.
✤ They form between metals.
✤ Metals are malleable because they can slide over each other without breaking more bonds than are made.
![Page 9: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
✤ Ionic compounds are formed between metals on the left of the periodic table and non-metals on the right side. Generally groups 1-3 and 5-7. What is the difference in their electronegativity? Examples:
✤ Al and F in AlF3
✤ Al and Cl in Al2Cl6
✤ Al and O in Al2O3
✤ Al and Br in Al2Br6
Ionic or Covalent?
![Page 10: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
✤ If the electronegativity difference is greater than 1.7 to 1.9, the bond will be more ionic than covalent.
✤ Al and F (2.6) --> ionic
✤ Al and Cl (1.4) --> covalent
✤ Al and O (2.0) --> ionic
✤ Al and Br (1.3) --> covalent
Ionic or Covalent?
![Page 11: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Drawing Lewis Diagrams for the Formation of Compounds
✤ It’s different for ionic and covalent compounds.
✤ Shows the charges and orientation of atoms... very useful
✤ How do we do it?
![Page 12: Bonding - Quia · metallic hydrogen/dipole Van der Waals. Classification of Bonds ... In an ionic bond, a cation is attracted to an anion. ... Covalent Bonds Covalent bonding involves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042016/5e743f3bcda03327fc01c303/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Homework
✤ Read about ionic and covalent bonds and their relation to electronegativity (227-241).
✤ Do “Lewis Diagrams of Ionic and Covalent Compounds”