Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)* 4205:62781687Emailxingz@chem.tsinghua.edu.cn xingz@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

311802Wollaston1859KirchhoffBunson

2 1955WalshApplication of atomic absorption spectrometry to analytical chemistry,50 Varian PerkinElmer

Varian Model AA-4 Circa 1966

1952-53 Alan Walsh19601966/19711971Zeeman 1981 19841990Mark VI 1992Varian-OSI ISO-9001 1995SIPS81998220FS2002

Varian AAS

11 ng/ml 100-0.01 pg )2RSD

()()A I0 I K c L

BoltzmanNi,, N0 gi g0 K BoltzmanT Ei

2. Dopple D=KBoltzmannCmMm, :m=1.660510-24M

3 Lorentz

1 No No

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1010-3 nm (~10-3 nm) 0.0001 nm, K

0.0001 nm 0.1 nm0.01 nm 0.0001 nm

I = Io e-K L

e-k L I d I d = lg= 0.43 ko L k = ko

A = K C A= lgIoI

No = C12NiBoltzmannNi/No3AC0

301% 1%

ooo

1

1

Qg/QL > 5000Qg/QL

do < 1 m 0.03 mm do > 30 m 30 mm 10 m IO

F 15%

2

-K250030002300

-

-

=

-

-

26mm 4mm30 mm

3000ArArArAr

170 mL, 20 mL ppb

40mL 40mL

11032Ar34

1

AtomizeAshDryTimeProtective Sheath Gas

Pyrolytic Graphite Coating

GTA-100

PSD

28002500200Tt

80 200oC 350 - 1600oC 1800oC3000oC

?

3

AsO33- +BH4- + H+ AsH3 AsH3+_

Ni Ni 230.003 nmNi 231.603 nmNi 231.096 nm1.600 nm0.507 nm

12

12C0C1C2C3C4C5AC0 C1 C2 C3 C4C5Cx

BTiZrVMoRuIrScYLaCePrNdU OsReNdTaHfW

BeBAlTiZrVWSiU

Ca3PO4 Ca3PO4 LaSrCa3PO4 8- NaCl + NH4NO3 = NaNO3 + NH4Cl

CaKCl

K K+ + eCa+ + e Ca

-- --

NaINaClNaF200250300350400 nmA

AABAT = A + AB

A = AT - AB

1

2AD = AB

AT = A + AB

A = AT - AD2 nm

3Zeeman -+

10-7~10-9%FeCuGaMgSi 1g/mL1~21000g/mL 1

2 0.1%0.1g /g 0.2~0.81565

3 HgAsGdPbSbSe

80150450550HNO3HCl +++ 5%NaOH12%

4

(nm)(nm)(nm)Ag328.07, 338.29Hg253.65Ru349.89, 372.80Al309.27, 3.8,22Ho410.38, 405.39Sb217.58, 206.83As193.64, 197.20In303.94, 325.61Sc391.18, 402.04Au242.80, 267.60Ir209.26, 208.88Se196.09, 203.99

B249.68, 249.77K766.49, 769.90Si251.61, 250.69Ba553.55, 455.40La550.13, 418.73Sm429.67, 520.06Be234.86Li670.78, 323.26Sn224.61, 286.33Bi223.06, 222.83Lu335.96, 328.17Sr460.73, 407.77Ca422.67, 239.86Mg285.21, 279.55Ta271.47, 277.59Cd228.80, 326.11Mn279.48, 403.68Tb432.65, 431.89Ce520.0, 369.7Mo313.26, 317.04Te214.28, 225.90Co240.71, 242.49Na589.00, 330.30Th371.90, 380.30Cr357.87, 359.35Nb334.37, 358.03Ti364.27, 337.15Cs852.11, 455.54Nd463.42, 471.90Tl267.79, 377.58Cu324.75, 327.40Ni232.00, 341.48Tm409.40Dy421.17, 404.60Os290.91, 305.87U351.46, 358.49Er400.80, 415.11Pb216.70, 283.31V318.40, 385.58Eu459.40, 462.72Pd247.64, 244.79W255.14, 294.74Fe248.33, 352.29Pr495.14, 513.34Y410.24, 412.83Ga287.42, 294.42Pt265.95, 306.47Yb398.80, 346.44Gd368.41, 407.87Rb780.02, 794.76Zn213.86, 307.59Ge265.16, 275.46Re346.05, 346.47Zr360.12, 301.18Hf307.29, 286.64Rh343.49, 339.69

10~30

2~5mm-

---3:14:1(1:4~6)(1.2~1.5:4)

3~6mL/min

B1989199119881981199319891979 1982 19931997

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