‘ACCESS’TO

ASSESS

‘ACCESS’TO

ASSESS

PDA

DBMS

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

PDA

DBMSFORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)

• Hand-held Computer • Smartphone

• EDA• Pocket-sized• Wireless•Mobile

THE PDA IN ‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS

• Data Collection

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant

• Connectivity• 2-Way Synchronization

PDA

DBMS

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

PDA

DBMS

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

SASI (School Administration of

Student Information)

DBMS (DataBase Management System)

A Database Management System is a set of computer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and the use of the database of an organization and its

end users.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_management_system

MICROSOFT ACCESS• Desktop DBMS

• Standalone Work Station• Shared Client/Server Mode across a

Network• Microsoft Office Suite

DBMSA collection of records and files that

are organized for a particular purpose.

Viescas, J. L. & Conrad, J. (2007). Microsoft Access 2007: Inside Out. Microsoft Press. Redmond: WA.

PDA

DBMSFORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

PDAs V. SMARTPHONESPDA DIFFUSION S-CURVE T I M E L I N E

1996 – 1ST SMARTPHONE (NOKIA)

1983 – 1ST PDA (CASIO)

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

PDA DIFFUSION

SMARTPHONE DIFFUSION Data compiled from various Google.com articles on PDA

and Smartphone sales figures

‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS HAS ALL OF THE

ATTRIBUTES NECESSARY FOR AN INFORMED

ADOPTION

‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS HAS A RELATIVE ADVANTAGE OVER

OTHER SOLUTIONS• Cost

• Social Status• Rationality

•Rate of Adoption• Little need for Incentives

‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS HAS COMPATIBILTY WITH

POTENTIAL ADOPTERS• Existing Values• Past Experiences

• Needs• Rate of Adoption

‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS IS NOT COMPLEX

• As easy as using a cell-phone• Boolean Data Input• Easy Uploading

• No Unfamiliar Concepts• Rate of Adoption

‘ACCESS’ TO ASSESS HAS TRIALABILITY AND

OBSERVABILITY• Scalability• Classroom• Data

• Rate of Adoption

A PLAN FOR

DIFFUSION: A CENTRALIZED

APPROACH

• 1 ELEMENTARY, 1 MIDDLE, & 1 HIGH SCHOOL

• 1 COMMITTEE IN EACH SCHOOL• EA. COMMITTEE = 1 ADMINISTRATOR,

≥ 2 TEACHERS, & MYSELF

• COMMITTEE MEMBERS SHOULD BE OPINION LEADER TYPES

DESCRIPTIONOF

ROLES

• MY ROLE – PD FOR COMMITTEE, DESIGN & ADMINISTER SATISFACTION

SURVEY• COMMITTEE – RESPOND TO SURVEY• TEACHERS – IMPLEMENT ATA• ADMINISTRATORS – OBSERVE &

EVALUATE IMPLEMENTATIONS• BOARD MEMBERS – INTERPRET

SURVEY DATA & DECIDE TO ADOPT

ADOPTION

PROCESS

• EARLY ADOPTERS - COMMITTEE MEMBERS

• EARLY MAJORITY - BOARD MEMBERS

• LATE MAJORITY – THE REST OF THE DISTRICT

• LAGGARDS – THOSE THAT MIGHT RESIST THE CHANGE

THE ROLE OF BOARD MEMBERS

AS CHANGE AGENTS

• DEVELOP A NEED FOR CHANGE• ESTABLISH AN INFORMATION

EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP• DIAGNOSE PROBLEMS

• CREATE AN INTENT TO CHANGE• TRANSLATE AN INTENT INTO ACTION• STABILIZE ADOPTION AND PREVENT

DISCONTINUANCE• ACHIEVE A TERMINAL RELATIONSHIP

CRITICAL MASS SHOULD BE ACHIEVED

EARLY IN THE LATE MAJORITY