2007 johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health section b logic models: the pathway model
DESCRIPTION
2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 3 Why Create a Logic Model? Summarizes key elements of your program Explains the rationale behind program activities Clarifies the difference between intended activities and intended outcomes Shows the cause-effect relationships between activities and outcomes Which activities are expected to lead to outcomes Helps identify the critical questions for your evaluation Provides the opportunity for stakeholders to discuss the program and come to some agreement on its descriptionTRANSCRIPT
2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Section B
Logic Models: The Pathway Model
2 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
What Is a Program or Logic Model?
Provides a visual representation to show logical progression of a program
Links program inputs to program outcomes
Identifies short-, intermediate-, and long-term outcomes
Links these different outcomes to each other
Shows other important factors that may influence program outcomes
Selects measures to assess each component
3 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Why Create a Logic Model?
Summarizes key elements of your program
Explains the rationale behind program activities
Clarifies the difference between intended activities and intended outcomes
Shows the cause-effect relationships between activities and outcomes Which activities are
expected to lead to outcomes
Helps identify the critical questions for your evaluation
Provides the opportunity for stakeholders to discuss the program and come to some agreement on its description
4 2007 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Source: adapted by CTLT from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2001).
Centers for Disease Control Logic Model
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Inputs
Resources
Activities
Time and effort
Personnel
Technical assistance
Materials
Equipment
Capacity/infrastructure
Partner organizations
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Outcomes
Outcomes: the changes your program hopes to achieve
They are the reasons you are doing your program
They are the intended results of the program Not the process of achieving them
Outcomes are usually differentiated as short term or long term to illustrate the sequential nature of change
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Short-Term Outcomes
Short-term outcomes: the direct results of the program on its participants These show why the program activities should lead to
long-term outcomes
These are also referred to as more upstream outcomes, and they are changes that should occur more quickly Policy change, attitude change, increase in knowledge,
and improved skills
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Long-Term Outcomes
Long-term outcomes: reflect the consequences of your program It usually takes more time to see these changes
Sometimes referred to as downstream These could be changes in behavior, prevalence,
consumption, morbidity, mortality, or health status
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*ASSIST = American Stop Smoking Intervention StudySource: Stillman et al. (2003).
ASSIST* Evaluation
Tobacco Control Research Framework for ASSIST Evaluation
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Pathway Model
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Pathway Template
Provides a high-level view of the whole model
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Pathway Model
What is the overarching model that guides the project throughout its life? There are a variety of approaches to developing
conceptual models that can be used:
Logic modeling Concept mapping Hierarchical outlining
However accomplished, the model acts as a conceptual framework that guides the evaluation throughout the life of the initiative
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Questions
What are the key questions at different phases in the life of the project?
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Capacity
What is the capacity to conduct evaluation activities throughout the life of an initiative?
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Measures
What are the key measures at different phases in the life of a project?
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Stakeholders
Who are the key stakeholders at different phases in the life of a project?
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Methods
What methods can be used at different phases in the life of a project?
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Summary
Program evaluation is a systematic effort to assess whether your program is making an impact in the areas that you intend
Evaluation can be carried out at various levels and stages of a program and allows you to modify your approach or activities if you are not achieving the desired results
Evaluation is necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of your program to funders and can be used to build a case for continued funding
Logic models are a simple, straightforward way to summarize your resources and efforts, and they can help you plan your evaluation