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ITIL® Foundation Certificate

in IT Service Management

Participant Material

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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This material is in English and Spanish

• English content appears on odd-numbered pages

• Spanish content appears on even-numbered pages

ITIL® Foundation Certificatein IT Service Management

Training CourseParticipant Material

Legal Notice

ITIL® is a registered trade mark of AXELOS Limited

The Swirl logo™ is a trade mark of AXELOS Limited

The ITIL Accredited Training Organization logo is a trade mark of AXELOS Limited

This training material is composed of two types of content:

1) Content created by Global Lynx. Where applicable, this content is identified by the framed

caption “Slide content from GL” in the lower left corner of each slide and by the framed caption

“Notes content from GL” in the lower left corner of each slide’s notes section.

2) Content which has been either excerpted from or based on one or more of the following

AXELOS ITIL publications: Service Strategy (ISBN 9780113313044), Service Design (ISBN

9780113313051), Service Transition (ISBN 9780113313068), Service Operation (ISBN

9780113313075), Continual Service Improvement (ISBN 9780113313082). Copyright ©

AXELOS Limited 2011. Reproduced under licence from AXELOS. Where applicable, this

content is identified by the framed caption “Slide content from AXELOS” in the lower left corner

of each slide and by the framed caption “Notes content from AXELOS” in the lower left corner

of each slide’s notes section.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Este material está en inglés y español

• Contenido en inglés aparece en páginas nones

• Contenido en español aparece en páginas pares

Certificado en Fundamentos de ITIL®en Gestión del Servicio de TI

Curso de EntrenamientoMaterial del Participante

Legal Notice

ITIL® is a registered trade mark of AXELOS Limited

The Swirl logo™ is a trade mark of AXELOS Limited

The ITIL Accredited Training Organization logo is a trade mark of AXELOS Limited

This training material is composed of two types of content:

1) Content created by Global Lynx. Where applicable, this content is identified by the framed

caption “Slide content from GL” in the lower left corner of each slide and by the framed caption

“Notes content from GL” in the lower left corner of each slide’s notes section.

2) Content which has been either excerpted from or based on one or more of the following

AXELOS ITIL publications: Service Strategy (ISBN 9780113313044), Service Design (ISBN

9780113313051), Service Transition (ISBN 9780113313068), Service Operation (ISBN

9780113313075), Continual Service Improvement (ISBN 9780113313082). Copyright ©

AXELOS Limited 2011. Reproduced under licence from AXELOS. Where applicable, this

content is identified by the framed caption “Slide content from AXELOS” in the lower left corner

of each slide and by the framed caption “Notes content from AXELOS” in the lower left corner

of each slide’s notes section.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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January 2014

In compliance with AXELOS’ ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service Management Syllabus

v5.5.

Global Lynx, Inc

The information contained in this material is subject to change without prior notice.

Global Lynx, Inc does not provide any warranty on this training material, nor is it responsible for

any errors contained therein or for direct or indirect damages caused thereof.

This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in

part is prohibited.

© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.

ITIL® Foundation Certificatein IT Service Management

Training Course

Participant Material

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Enero 2014

Conforme al Temario de AXELOS para el Certificado en Fundamentos de ITIL® en Gestión del

Servicio de TI v5.5.

Global Lynx, Inc

La información contenida en este material está sujeta a cambios sin previo aviso.

Global Lynx, Inc no provee ninguna garantía relacionada con este material de entrenamiento,

ni es responsable por errores en el mismo, o por daños directos o indirectos causados por el

mismo.

Este material es propiedad de Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Queda prohibida su

reproducción total o parcial.

© Derechos de autor 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. Todos los Derechos Reservados a menos que se

especifique lo contrario.

Certificado en Fundamentos de ITIL®en Gestión del Servicio de TI

Curso de Entrenamiento

Material del Participante

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Contents

Overall Course Objective ………………………………………………………….

Class Considerations ……………………………………………………………..

Participant Introduction and Expectations ………………………………………

Specific Course Objective ………………………………………………………..

Audience ……………………………………………………………………………

Study Tips ………………………………………………………………………….

Class Schedule …………………………………………………………………….

Reference Literature ………………………………………………………………

Unit Contents ………………………………………………………………………

Preamble - ITIL Processes and Functions …………………………………….

1 - Industry Best Practices ……………………………………………………….

2 - Service Management as a Practice …………………………………………

3 - Service Strategy ……………………………………………………………..

4 - Service Design ………………………………………………………………

5 - Service Transition ……………………………………………………………

6 - Service Operation ……………………………………………………………

7 - Continual Service Improvement ……………………………………………

8 - Competence and Training ………………………………………………….

9 - Exam Description ……………………………………………………………

10 - Review, Evaluation and Examination ……………………………………

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31

47

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85

137

185

273

357

447

487

507

513

Notescontentfrom GL

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Contenido

Notescontentfrom GL

Objetivo General del Curso ……………………………………….………………

Consideraciones de la Clase ………………………………………..……………

Presentación y Expectativas del Participante …………………………..………

Objetivo Específico del Curso …………………………………………………….

Audiencia ……………………………………………………………………………

Consejos para el Estudio …………………………………………………………

Agenda de Clases …………………………………………………………………

Literatura de Referencia ………………………………………………………….

Contenido de Unidades ……………………………………………………………

Preámbulo - Procesos y Funciones de ITIL ……………………………………

1 - Mejores Prácticas de la Industria ……………………………………………

2 - La Gestión del Servicio como una Práctica ………………………………..

3 - Estrategia del Servicio ………………………………………………………

4 - Diseño del Servicio ………………………………………………………….

5 - Transición del Servicio ……………………………………………………..

6 - Operación del Servicio ……………………………………………………..

7 - Mejora Continua del Servicio ………………………………………………

8 - Competencia y Capacitación ………………………………………………..

9 - Descripción del Examen …………………………………………………….

10 - Revisión, Evaluación y Examen …………………………………………..

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

28

32

48

50

86

138

186

274

358

448

488

508

514

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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The objectives of this learning unit is that the participant understands the following key concepts:

● Service

● Internal and External Customers

● Internal and External Services

● Service Management

● IT Service Management

● Stakeholders in Service Management

● Processes and Functions

● The Process Model and the Characteristics of Processes

● Integration of Service Management Processes through Service Automation

● Structure of the ITIL Service Lifecycle

● Why ITIL is Successful

● ITIL Roles

● The RACI Model

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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El objetivo de esta unidad es que el participante comprenda los siguientes conceptos clave:

● Servicio

● Clientes Internos y Externos

● Servicios Internos y Externos

● Gestión del Servicio

● Gestión del Servicio de TI

● Stakeholders en la Gestión del Servicio

● Procesos y Funciones

● El Modelo de Procesos y las Características de los Procesos

● Integración de los Procesos de Gestión del Servicio a través de la Automatización del

Servicio

● Estructura del Ciclo de Vida del Servicio de ITIL

● Porqué ITIL Tiene Éxito

● Roles de ITIL

● El Modelo RACI

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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An IT service is made up of a combination of information technology, people and processes.

Services facilitate outcomes by enhancing the performance of associated tasks and reducing the

effect of constraints. While some services enhance performance of tasks, others have a more

direct impact – they perform the task itself. This general definition of service may also be seen

as a generic pattern applied to a wide range of specific services. Patterns are useful for

managing complexity, costs, flexibility and variety.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Un servicio de TI se compone de una combinación de tecnología de información, gente y

procesos. Los servicios facilitan los resultados mejorando el desempeño de las tareas

asociadas y reduciendo el efecto de las restricciones. Mientras que algunos servicios mejoran el

desempeño de las tareas, otros tienen un impacto más directo – realizan la tarea misma. Esta

definición general de servicio también puede verse como un patrón genérico aplicado a una

amplia gama de servicios específicos. Los patrones son útiles para gestionar la complejidad, los

costos, la flexibilidad y la variedad.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Services can be classified as:

● Core services

- Deliver the basic outcomes desired by one or more customers. Represent the value that the customer wants and for which they are willing to pay.

- Anchor the value proposition for the customer and provide the basis for their continued utilization and satisfaction.

● Enabling services

- Are needed in order for a core service to be delivered.

- May or may not be visible to the customer, but the customer does not perceive them as services in their own right.

- Are ‘basic factors’ which enable the customer to receive the ‘real’ (core) service.

● Enhancing services

- Are added to a core service to make it more exciting or enticing to the customer.

- Are not essential to the delivery of a core service, and are added to a core service as ‘excitement’ factors, which will encourage customers to use the core service more.

Examples of core, enabling and enhancing services

Core service Enabling service Enhancing service

IT services (office automation)

Word processing Download and installation of updates

Document publication to professional printer for high-quality brochure

IT services (benefits tracking)

Employees of a company can monitor the status of their

benefits (such as health insurance and retirement

accounts).

A portal that provides a user-friendly front-end access to the benefits

tracking service.

Customers can create and manage a fitness or weight-loss programme. Customers who show progress in their programme are awarded a discount on their premiums.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Los servicios pueden clasificarse como:

● Servicios centrales

- Entregan los resultados básicos deseados por uno o más clientes. Representan el valor que el cliente quiere y por el cual está dispuesto a pagar.

- Anclan la propuesta de valor para el cliente y proveen la base para su utilización y satisfacción continua.

● Servicios habilitadores

- Son necesarios para que se entregue un servicio central.

- Pueden o no ser visibles para el cliente, pero el cliente no los percibe como servicios por sí mismos.

- Son ‘factores básicos’ que permiten que el cliente reciba el servicio ‘real’ (central).

● Servicios de mejora

- Se agregan a un servicio central para hacerlo más fascinante o tentador para el cliente.

- No son esenciales para la entrega de un servicio central, y se agregan a un servicio central como factores de ‘entusiasmo’, que motivarán a los clientes a usar más el servicio central.

Ejemplos de servicios centrales, habilitadores y de mejora

Servicio central Servicio habilitador Servicio de mejora

Servicios de TI (automatización de

oficinas)

Procesamiento de texto Descarga e instalación de actualizaciones

Publicación de documento a impresora profesional para folleto de alta calidad

Servicios de TI (rastreo de beneficios)

Los empleados de una compañía pueden monitorear

el estado de sus beneficios (tales como seguro de salud y

cuentas de retiro).

Un portal que provee un acceso amigable

para el usuario al servicio de rastreo de

beneficios.

Los clientes pueden crear y gestionar un programa de entrenamiento o pérdida de peso. Los clientes que muestran progreso en su programa obtienen un descuento en sus primas.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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There are three main types of service provider:

● Type I – internal service provider: An internal service provider that is embedded within a business unit. There may be several Type I service providers within an organization.

● Type II – shared services unit: An internal service provider that provides shared IT services to more than one business unit.

● Type III – external service provider: A service provider that provides IT services to external customers.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Existen tres tipos principales de prestador de servicios:

● Tipo I – prestador de servicios internos: Un prestador de servicios internos que está inmerso dentro de una unidad de negocio. Puede haber varios prestadores de servicios del Tipo I dentro de una organización.

● Tipo II – unidad de servicios compartidos: Un prestador de servicios internos que provee servicios compartidos de TI a más de una unidad de negocio.

● Tipo III – prestador de servicios externos: Un prestador de servicios que provee servicios de TI a clientes externos.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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The term outcome is used to refer to intended results, as well as to actual results. An outcome-

based definition of service moves IT organizations beyond business-IT alignment towards

business-IT integration. Customer outcomes become the ultimate concern of business

relationship managers instead of the gathering of requirements, which is necessary but not

sufficient. Requirements are generated for internal coordination and control only after customer

outcomes are well understood.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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El término resultado se usa para referirse a resultados pretendidos, así como a resultados

reales. Una definición del servicio basada en resultados lleva a las organizaciones de TI más

allá de la alineación del negocio-TI hacia la integración del negocio-TI. Los resultados del cliente

se vuelven el interés primordial de los gestores de la relación con el negocio en vez de la

recolección de requerimientos, la cual es necesaria pero no suficiente. Sólo se generan

requerimientos para la coordinación y el control internos después de que los resultados del

cliente se comprenden bien.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Services are designed to enable business activities, which in turn achieve business outcomes.

Every time a business activity is performed, it generates demand for services. Customer assets

perform business activities, and this activity will tend to be performed in patterns. These patterns

of business activity (PBA) represent the dynamics of the business and include interactions with

customers, suppliers, partners and other stakeholders. Once a PBA has been identified, a PBA

profile should be drawn up and details about the PBA documented, including:

● Classification: Type of PBA, user or automated, type and impact of outcomes supported

and of workload supported.

● Attributes: Such as frequency, volume, location and duration.

● Requirements: Such as performance, security, availability, privacy, latency or tolerance

for delays.

● Service asset requirements: What resources it uses, when and how much of each

resource.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Los servicios están diseñados para habilitar actividades del negocio, que a cambio logran

resultados del negocio. Cada vez que se realiza una actividad del negocio, ésta genera

demanda de los servicios. Los activos del cliente realizan actividades del negocio, y esta

actividad tenderá a realizarse en patrones. Estos patrones de actividad del negocio (PBA)

representan las dinámicas del negocio e incluyen interacciones con clientes, proveedores,

socios y oros stakeholders. Una vez que un PBA ha sido identificado, debería prepararse un

perfil de PBA y documentarse detalles sobre el PBA, incluyendo:

● Clasificación: Tipo de PBA, de usuario o automatizado, tipo e impacto de resultados

soportados y de carga de trabajo soportada.

● Atributos: Tales como frecuencia, volumen, ubicación y duración.

● Requerimientos: Tales como desempeño, seguridad, disponibilidad, privacidad, latencia

o tolerancia a los retrasos.

● Requerimientos de activos del servicio: Qué recursos usa, cuándo y cuánto de cada

recurso.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

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The customer of an IT service provider is the person or group who defines and agrees the

service level targets. Users are distinct from customers, as some customers do not use the IT

service directly. External customers are also organizations that are separate legal entities, that

purchase services from the service provider in terms of a legally binding contract or agreement.

Both internal and external customers must be provided with the agreed level of service, with the

same levels of customer service. Customers, whether internal or external, are the reason a

service provider exists.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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El cliente de un prestador de servicios de TI es la persona o grupo que define y acuerda los

objetivos de nivel de servicio. Los usuarios son distintos a los clientes, ya que algunos clientes

no usan el servicio de TI directamente. Los clientes externos también pueden ser

organizaciones que son entidades legales separadas, que compran servicios del prestador de

servicios en términos de un contrato o acuerdo legal. Tanto los clientes internos como los

externos deben ser provistos con el nivel de servicio acordado, con los mismos niveles de

servicio al cliente. Los clientes, ya sea internos o externos, son la razón por la que existe un

prestador de servicios.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

This document may contain brand names, text, graphics or images which are registered trade marks, trade marks, service marks, or trade names of third parties which are owned by their respective owners.© Copyright 2014 Global Lynx, Inc. All Rights Reserved unless otherwise stated.This material is property of Global Lynx, Inc (www.globallynx.com). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.

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Internal IT organizations are not the only providers of external services to customers.

Outsourcers, internet service providers and cloud service providers are all examples of

organizations that are in the business of providing external services – and the technology

departments providing these services are business units, supported by internal IT service

providers.

Internal services support an internal activity.

External services achieve business outcomes.

ITIL® Foundation Certificate in IT Service ManagementTraining Course – Participant Material

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Las organizaciones internas de TI no son sólo prestadores de servicios externos para los

clientes. Los subcontratistas, los prestadores de servicios internos y los prestadores de

servicios remotos son todos ejemplos de organizaciones que están en el negocio de proveer

servicios externos – y los departamentos de tecnología que proporcionan estos servicios son

unidades de negocio, soportadas por prestadores de servicios de TI internos.

Los servicios internos soportan una actividad interna.

Los servicios externos logran los resultados del negocio.

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Service management is more than just a set of capabilities. It is also a professional practice

supported by an extensive body of knowledge, experience and skills. The more mature a service

provider’s capabilities are, the greater is their ability to consistently produce quality services that

meet the needs of the customer in a timely and cost-effective manner. The act of transforming

capabilities and resources into valuable services is at the core of service management. Without

these capabilities, a service organization is merely a bundle of resources that by itself has

relatively low intrinsic value for customers.

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La gestión del servicio es más que sólo un conjunto de capacidades. Es también una práctica

profesional soportada por un cuerpo extenso de conocimiento, experiencia y habilidades. Entre

más maduras sean las capacidades del prestador de servicios, mayor es su habilidad de

producir consistentemente servicios de calidad que cubran las necesidades del cliente de

manera oportuna y rentable. El acto de transformar capacidades y recursos en servicios

valiosos está en el centro de la gestión del servicio. Sin estas capacidades, una organización de

servicios es meramente un conjunto de recursos que por sí mismo tiene relativamente poco

valor intrínseco para los clientes.

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IT service management (ITSM) is performed by IT service providers through an appropriate mix

of people, processes and information technology. ITSM must be carried out effectively and

efficiently. A good relationship between an IT service provider and its customers relies on the

customer receiving an IT service that meets its needs, at an acceptable level of performance

and at a cost that the customer can afford.

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La gestión del servicio de TI (ITSM) se realiza por los prestadores de servicios de TI a través de

una mezcla apropiada de gente, procesos y tecnología de información. La ITSM debe llevarse a

cabo eficaz y eficientemente. Una buena relación entre un prestador de servicios de TI y sus

clientes radica en que el cliente reciba un servicio de TI que cubra sus necesidades, a un nivel

aceptable de desempeño y a un costo que el cliente pueda pagar.

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Within the service provider organization there are many different stakeholders including the

functions, groups and teams that deliver the services. There are also many stakeholders

external to the service provider organization:

- Customers – Those who buy goods or services.

- Users – Those who use the service on a day-to-day basis.

- Suppliers – Third parties responsible for supplying goods or services.

Examples of Stakeholders:

- Organizations

- Service providers

- Customers

- Consumers

- Users

- Partners

- Employees

- Shareholders

- Owners

- Suppliers

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Dentro de la organización del prestador de servicios hay muchos stakeholders diferentes

incluyendo las funciones, grupos y equipos que entregan los servicios. Hay también muchos

stakeholders externos a la organización del prestador de servicios:

- Clientes – Aquéllos quienes compran bienes o servicios.

- Usuarios – Aquéllos quienes usan el servicio diariamente.

- Proveedores – Terceras partes responsables de proveer bienes y servicios.

Ejemplos de Stakeholders:

- Organizaciones

- Prestadores de servicios

- Clientes

- Consumidores

- Usuarios

- Socios

- Empleados

- Shareholders

- Dueños

- Proveedores

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A process takes one or more defined inputs and turns them into defined outputs. Processes

define actions, dependencies and sequence, and are organized around a set of objectives. Well-

defined processes can improve productivity within and across organizations and functions. A

process may include any of the roles, responsibilities, tools and management controls required

to deliver the outputs reliably. A process may define policies, standards, guidelines, activities

and work instructions if they are needed.

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Los procesos definen acciones, dependencias y secuencia, y están organizados alrededor de

un conjunto de objetivos. Los procesos bien definidos pueden mejorar la productividad dentro y

a lo largo de las organizaciones y funciones. Un proceso puede incluir cualquiera de los roles,

responsabilidades, herramientas y controles de gestión requeridos para entregar las salidas

confiablemente. Un proceso puede definir políticas, normas, lineamientos, actividades e

instrucciones de trabajo si se requieren.

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In larger organizations, a function may be broken out and performed by several departments,

teams and groups, or it may be embodied within a single organizational unit.

In smaller organizations, one person or group can perform multiple functions.

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En organizaciones más grandes, una función puede desglosarse y realizarse por varios

departamentos, equipos y grupos, o puede incluirse dentro de una sola unidad organizacional.

En organizaciones más pequeñas, una persona o grupo puede realizar múltiples funciones.

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Processes, once defined, should be documented and controlled. Once under control, they can

be repeated and managed. Process measurement and metrics can be built into the process to

control and improve the process as illustrated in the figure above. Process analysis, results and

metrics should be incorporated in regular management reports and process improvements.

Process characteristics include:

- Measurability – Processes can be measured in a relevant manner. They are

performance-driven.

- Specific results – Processes exist to deliver a specific result. This result must be

individually identifiable and countable.

- Customers – Processes deliver their primary results to a customer or stakeholder.

- Responsiveness to specific triggers – Processes should be traceable to a

specific trigger.

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Los procesos, una vez definidos, deberían documentarse y controlarse. Una vez bajo control,

pueden repetirse y gestionarse. La medición y las métricas del proceso pueden agregarse al

proceso para controlar y mejorar el proceso como se ilustra en la figura de arriba. El análisis, los

resultados y las métricas del proceso deberían ser incorporados en reportes regulares de

gestión y mejoras del proceso.

Las características de los procesos incluyen:

- Son medibles – Los procesos pueden medirse de manera relevante. Están

orientados al desempeño.

- Resultados específicos – Los procesos existen para entregar un resultado

específico. Este resultado debe ser identificable y contable individualmente.

- Clientes – Los procesos entregan sus resultados primarios a un cliente o

stakeholder.

- Sensibilidad a disparadores específicos – Los procesos deberían ser rastreables

a un disparador específico.

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Automation can have particularly significant impact on the performance of service assets such

as management, organization, people, process, knowledge and information.

Automation may offer advantages in many areas of opportunity, including the following:

● The capacity of automated resources can be more easily adjusted in response to variations

in demand volumes.

● Automated resources can handle capacity with fewer restrictions on time of access.

● Automated systems present a good basis for measuring and improving service processes

by holding constant the factor of human resources.

● Many optimization problems such as scheduling, routeing and allocation of resources

require computing power that is beyond the capacity of human agents.

● Automation is a means for capturing the knowledge required for a service process. It

reduces the depreciation of knowledge when employees move within the organization or

permanently leave.

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La automatización puede tener un impacto particularmente importante en el desempeño de

activos del servicio tales como la gestión, la organización, la gente, los procesos, el

conocimiento y la información.

La automatización puede ofrecer ventajas en muchas áreas de oportunidad, incluyendo las

siguientes:

● La capacidad de los recursos automatizados puede ajustarse más fácilmente en respuesta

a variaciones en los volúmenes de demanda.

● Los recursos automatizados pueden manejar la capacidad con menos restricciones en el

tiempo de acceso.

● Los sistemas automatizados presentan una buena base para medir y mejorar los procesos

del servicio manteniendo constante el factor de recursos humanos.

● Muchos problemas de optimización tales como la programación, el enrutamiento y la

asignación de los recursos requieren poder de cómputo que va más allá de la capacidad de

los agentes humanos.

● La automatización es un medio de capturar el conocimiento requerido para un proceso del

servicio. Reduce la depreciación del conocimiento cuando los empleados se mueven

dentro de la organización o se van permanentemente.

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Service Strategy: Focuses on the identification of market opportunities for which services could

be developed in order to meet a requirement on the part of internal or external customers. The

output is a strategy for the design implementation maintenance and continual improvement of

the service as an organizational capability and a strategic asset. Key areas are Service Portfolio

Management and Financial Management.

Service Design: Focuses on the activities that take place in order to develop the strategy into a

design document which addresses all aspects of the proposed service, as well as the processes

intended to support it. Key areas are Availability Management, Capacity Management,

Continuity Management and Security Management.

Service Transition: Focuses on the implementation of the output of the service design activities

and the creation of a production service or modification of an existing service. Key areas are

Change Management, Release Management, Configuration Management and Service

Knowledge Management.

Service Operation: Focuses on the activities required to operate the services and maintain their

functionality as defined in the Service Level Agreements with the customers. Key areas are

Incident Management, Problem Management, Event Management and Request Fulfilment.

Continual Service Improvement: Focuses on the ability to deliver continual improvement to the

quality of the services that the IT organization delivers to the business. Key areas are Service

Reporting, Service Measurement and Service Level Management.

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Estrategia del Servicio: Se enfoca en la identificación de oportunidades de mercado para los

cuales el servicio puede ser desarrollado para cumplir requerimientos en la parte de clientes

internos o externos. El resultado es una estrategia para el diseño, implementación,

mantenimiento y mejora continua del servicio como una capacidad de la organización y un

activo estratégico. Áreas clave son Gestión del Portafolio de Servicios y Gestión Financiera.

Diseño del Servicio: Se enfoca en las actividades que tienen lugar para desarrollar la

estrategia dentro del documento de diseño el cual dirige todos los aspectos del servicio

propuesto, así como también los procesos diseñados para soportarlo. Áreas claves son Gestión

de la Disponibilidad, Gestión de la Capacidad, Gestión de la Continuidad y Gestión de la

Seguridad.

Transición del Servicio: Se enfoca en la implementación de los resultados de las actividades

de diseño del servicio y en la creación de un servicio de producción o modificaciones de un

servicio existente. Áreas claves son Gestión de Cambios, Gestión de Liberaciones, Gestión del

Servicio y Configuraciones y Gestión del Conocimiento del Servicio.

Operación del Servicio: Se enfoca en las actividades requeridas para operar los servicios y

mantener su funcionalidad como fue definido en los Acuerdos de Nivel de Servicio con los

clientes. Áreas claves son Gestión de Incidentes, Gestión de Problemas, Gestión de Eventos y

Cumplimiento de Solicitudes.

Mejora Continua del Servicio: Se enfoca en la capacidad para entregar una mejora continua

en la calidad de los servicios que la organización de TI entrega al negocio. Áreas clave son

Reportes de Servicio, Medición del Servicio y Gestión del Nivel de Servicio.

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ITIL provides guidance to service providers on the provision of quality IT services, and on the

processes, functions and other capabilities needed to support them. ITIL is used by many

hundreds of organizations around the world and offers best-practice guidance to all types of

organization that provide services. ITIL is not a standard that has to be followed; it is guidance

that should be read and understood, and used to create value for the service provider and its

customers. Organizations are encouraged to adopt ITIL best practices and to adapt them to work

in their specific environments in ways that meet their needs.

The ITIL framework is based on the five stages of the service lifecycle as shown in the figure

above, with a core publication providing best-practice guidance for each stage. This guidance

includes key principles, required processes and activities, organization and roles, technology,

associated challenges, critical success factors and risks.

Each stage of the lifecycle exerts influence on the others and relies on them for inputs and

feedback. In this way, a constant set of checks and balances throughout the service lifecycle

ensures that as business demand changes with business need, the services can adapt and

respond effectively.

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ITIL provee orientación a los prestadores de servicios sobre la prestación de servicios de TI de

calidad, y sobre los procesos, funciones y otras capacidades necesarias para soportarlos. ITIL

es usado por varios cientos de organizaciones en todo el mundo y ofrece orientación de mejores

prácticas a todos los tipos de organizaciones que prestan servicios. ITIL no es una norma que

deba seguirse; es una guía que debería leerse y entenderse, y usarse para generar valor para

el prestador de servicios y sus clientes. Se invita a las organizaciones a adoptar las mejores

prácticas de ITIL y adaptarlas para trabajar en sus ambientes específicos en formas que cubran

sus necesidades.

El marco de ITIL está basado en las cinco etapas del ciclo de vida del servicio como se muestra

en la figura de arriba, con una publicación central que proporciona orientación de mejores

prácticas para cada etapa. Esta orientación incluye principios clave, procesos y actividades

requeridos, organización y roles, tecnología, y retos, factores críticos de éxito y riesgos

asociados.

Cada etapa del ciclo de vida ejerce influencia sobre las demás y se apoya en ellas para recibir

entradas y retroalimentación. De este modo, un conjunto constante de verificaciones y balances

a lo largo de todo el ciclo de vida del servicio asegura que conforme cambie la demanda del

negocio con la necesidad del negocio, los servicios se puedan adaptar y responder de manera

eficaz.

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Please refer to the exercise section in the Participant Material.

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Favor de referirse a la sección de ejercicios en el Material del Participante.