Your group letter is on your desk!2-3 per group Take an index card with writing and a blank index card

• You have 10 minutes to • 1. copy the card onto a new index card-

including your group names.• 2. Answer/define/give the main idea for

your topic as briefly as possible• 20 minutes- to include your main ideas on

the PowerPoint slide• Either type or write• I will help with this part

Global Warming

• The increase in temperature due to trapped greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

• Causes: pollution, overuse of carbon-emitting appliances, deforestation and flatulence (not in the book!).

• Effects: Earth’s ice caps melt, natural habitats affected, animals whose habitats are affected are homeless.

Water Resources

• There is a limit of freshwater

• When oil spills occur it threatens the amount of freshwater.

• Other problems include sewage wastes and chemicals.

• The growth of algae and other plants helps to filter the system and protect it.

• Water conservation is important.

Air Resources

• Pollutant: Harmful material that can enter the atmosphere

• Smog: gray, brown mixture of chemicals that occurs in a haze.

• Acid Rain: rain containing nitric and sulfuric acid• Emissions from the industry into the atmosphere

are nitrogen and sulfuric dioxide• Burning fossil release pollutants that cause

smog.

Ozone Depletion

• Between 20- 50 kilometers above Earth’s Surface is Ozone Layer.

• Absorbs UV rays• UV rays can cause cancer and damage tissue• In 1970’s a hole in the Ozone was found over

Antarctica. In 1995 another hole was found over Arctic

• We stopped using CFCs. These are found in Coolants. CFCs enable UV rays to break ozone molecules.

Effects of Humans on Land Resources

• Erosion – wearing away or breaking down of materials over time by water or wind.

• Desertification – a process that occurs from poor farming, overgrazing, or drought that can turn an area of land into desert.

• Plowing the land and over farming leads to both soil erosion and desertification.

• Humans also overuse the resources that are often non-renewable.

• Examples include: oil, deforestation of trees, and excessive fishing

Introduction of New Species

• New Species can over run the ecosystem they are introduced in to.

• Limit biodiversity in that ecosystem

• Steal Nutrients

• Causes unbalance in ecosystem

• Example: Blue Strife which took up the space for the native plants that inhabited that ecosystem

Pollution: Biological Magnification

• Pollution threatens biodiversity especially when toxic compounds accumulate in the tissues of organisms

• Biological Magnification concentrations of a harmful substances increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain of food web.

• Ex. DDT a pesticide got picked up by organisms throughout a food web and toxic level increases from consumer to consumer.

Introduced Species: How do they harm native ecosystems?

• Introduced species reproduce quickly and usually become invasive species.

• They increase their populations because their new habitat lacks the parasites and predators that control their population “back home”

• Examples: Zebra mussels, leafy spurges

Threats to Biodiversity

• Biodiversity: the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere

• Biodiversity is earth’s greatest natural resource and provides earth’s species to prosper

• Altering habitats• Hunting species to extinction• Introducing toxic compounds to food sources• Introducing species to new environments

Renewable vs Non-renewable Resources

• Renewable Resources- Resources that can regenerate and are therefore replaceable.

• Ex: Sunlight, Tree, wind

• Non-renewable Resources- Resources that take a long time to produce by nature.

• Ex: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas

Ocean Resources (Fishing)

• Fishing is a major source of protein• Using new and better technology we can

gather more fish.• This may cause over fishing, meaning that

we are gathering fish faster than we can reproduce.

• Over fishing can cause economic downfall.• Aquaculture – a sustainable use strategy

the farming of aquatic organisms.

Overpopulation Effects on the Environment

• Current predictions state that by 2025thw world’s population will be 7.8 billion.

• To make predictions demographers must take into account every country’s age structure.

• Many ecologists suggest that if human population does not stop growing there would be serious done to our environment.