Your Evaluation

Meeting objectives for this Nine week session will be similar to last nine weeks, in that points are awarded for:• Participation (50, about 5 per week)• Projects and assignments (15 to 30 for each)• Quizzes and Tests (10 to 30 points for each)• Journal Entries (4 Points per entry)

You need to know all 5 Oceans

•Pacific- the largest•Atlantic- second largest, half the size

of the Pacific• Indian- 3rd largest •Artic- smallest• Southern- covers Antarctica

This Week’s agenda (week 1)

We’ll begin by studying-• Oceans- the global oceans• How did oceans form?• What makes up Ocean Water?• The ocean floor – what lies at bottom of the ocean?• Parts of the Ocean Floor

Oceans• Major volcanic activity produced massive amounts of water

vapor in the air• Water vapor cools and condenses• Water falls as rain• Fills in Earths low surface areas called basins.

Remember- Condensation is the change of a gas to a liquid.

Origin of Ocean• The Ocean affects you even if you don’t live on the

coastline/No matter where you live• Snowing or raining• Sunny • If you eat fish today• Prices charged for things: cars, clothing, and gasoline

• The Ocean greatly affects your life

Volcanoes• Volcanoes release Chlorine (Cl) gasses into the ocean

Rivers and Streams• Sodium is dissolved into the oceans from rivers and streams..

(Na)

Salinity-Need to know• What Is Salinity?• Salinity is a measure of the amount of solid material that is

dissolved in a certain amount of liquid. It is usually measured as grams of dissolved solids per kilogram. On average, ocean water has 35 g/kg of dissolved solids in it. This means that 1 kg of ocean water has about 35 g of solids dissolved in it. If you evaporated 1 kg of ocean water, 35 g of solids would remain.

Sodium and Chlorine combine• Both elements combine and together they form a salt called

Halite (NaCl)

Desalting Ocean Water• Desalting ocean water can be done in several ways. • One way, salt water is boiled• Another way, electric currents are used to separate salt from

the water• A third way, ocean water is frozen

So many sea plants and animals remove elements from the seawater

• Marine animals use calcium to form bones• Others use elements to form shells

The Ocean- a Safer Home?• Animals feel lighter in water• Water allows easy movement-buoyant• Protects against extreme temperature changes. (Water is

different than air)• Water is basic to life

Beyond the Shoreline• Out under the ocean, extends a flat part of the continent

called the continental shelf. Along some coasts the continental shelf is wide- like the East Coast and the Gulf Coast. But on coasts where mountains are close to the shore, as in California, the shelf is narrow.

• At the end of the shelf, it dips steeply, forming the continental slope.

• The Ocean is like a swimming pool. • Mid Ocean Ridges, Seamounts, and trenches

Parts• We are going to break down the ocean floor in two parts. One

part includes the section close to continental crust. The other part will includes the ocean floor beyond the continental crust.

Ocean parts- A

Ocean Parts- B

Water Cycle Models• Materials• Small dish• Plastic bag and twist tie• And water

Create a model of the water cycle…(Hint…I give you some) Water cycle includes: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection.

Model Submarine movement• Materials needed• 2 L bottle• Eyedropper• Cap to 2 L bottle

Ocean Quizzes• What are the 5 Oceans according to their sizes?• What is salinity?• Explain the water cycle.

Milk or Juice CartonBring in either Milk or Juice Carton (empty) for a lab on water pressure.

If you bring in some, we’ll do it.

Seamounts• Volcanic Seamounts can create Volcanic Islands • Can you think of an Example?

Weird Science• Whales and Dolphins communicate by sound. Shrimp do as well and

they make a sound similar to bacon

Question?• What is the process that plans use to make food?

Photosynthesis

Need to knows• The Three Groups of Marine Life• Why do we classify information?

Plankton• Drifting plants and animals are called plankton, some which you can

only see with a microscope• Examples include: eggs, young fish, jellyfish, and crabs; they rely on

surface currents for movement

Nekton• Larger animals that swim• Examples include: fish, turtles, whales, and seals

Benthos• Life that exists on the ocean bottom• Examples include: corals, snails, clams, and sea urchins.