ying zhang, phd. ashley newmyer, mph jihyun ma, ms ming qu, phd
DESCRIPTION
Background In 2010, about 32,800 people lost their lives due to motor vehicle crashes on the nation’s roads. The 3 percent decrease from 2009 brings the number of road deaths to the lowest level since the federal government began keeping records in Decades of public health interventions aimed at preventing deaths on the nation’s roads are making a difference. 3TRANSCRIPT
MAGIC BEHIND MOTOR VEHICLE CRASH FATALITY TRENDS
A closer look at Nebraska crash data
Ying Zhang, PhD.Ashley Newmyer, MPH
Jihyun Ma, MSMing Qu, PhD.
2
Background
Gov. Dave Heineman applauded the safe actions of motorists who contributed to one of the lowest traffic fatality totals on record for the state. The fatality total for 2010 was 186 (updated 190), the second lowest total since recordkeeping began 73 years ago.(www.governor.nebraska.gov, January 1, 2011)
3
Background
In 2010, about 32,800 people lost their lives due to motor vehicle crashes on the nation’s roads.
The 3 percent decrease from 2009 brings the number of road deaths to the lowest level since the federal government began keeping records in 1949.
Decades of public health interventions aimed at preventing deaths on the nation’s roads are making a difference.
4
In this study…To explore factors that possibly contributed to crash fatality
decrease
MethodNebraska CODES data including Crash (2000-2010), hospital
discharge data (2002-2008)Trauma registry data (2001-2010)EMS data (2005-2009)Variables
Person: age, gender, Risk factor: alcohol, seat belt Crash: type, location, time Trauma care EMS response
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Results
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Figure 1 Number of crashes, persons involved, deaths, and VMT by year Nebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1015,000
35,000
55,000
75,000
95,000
115,000
135,000
155,000
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
109,265
105,630109,547
108,561
89,77385,099
78,70484,701
80,414
80,66475,133
42,23442,01241,22941,45433,94632,58530,02732,77731,57531,69830,256
17,72317,94018,40418,59218,81218,93819,22319,20218,86419,14719,698
277
245
306293
249
275 268256
208223
190
Persons Crashes VMT* Deaths
Num
ber
of p
erso
ns in
volv
ed,
Cra
shes
and
VM
T
Num
ber
of D
eath
s
* VMT: Vehicle Miles Traveled
7
Figure 2 Crash injury severity by yearNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 101,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
7,776
6,9406,441 6,269
5,8915,649
5,286 5,2865,002 4,815
4,544
2,507 2,371 2,408 2,218 2,097 2,038 1,966 1,959 1,832 1,933 1,742
277
245
306293
249
275 268256
208223
190
Visable Injuries Disabling Injuries Deaths
Num
ber
of v
isab
le a
nd d
isab
ling
inju
ries
Num
ber
of D
eath
s
8
Figure 3 Person type distribution of crash fatalitiesNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
64 6569
66 68 68 6468
75 7672
PedestrianPassengerDriver
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Figure 4 Gender distribution of crash fatalitiesNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
69 72 71 67 67 69 7461
72 70 65
31 28 29 33 33 31 2638
28 30 35
FemaleMale
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Figure 5 Number of crash fatalities by age groupNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
20-3940-590-1960-7980+
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Figure 6 Child restraint & safety belt observed usage rateNebraska, 1999-2010
99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1050%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
56%
66% 67%70%
86%88%
84%
88%
93%97%
95%91%
68%71% 70% 70%
76%79% 79%
76%79%
83%85% 84%
Child Safety Seat Use Safety Belt Use
Provided by : Nebraska Office of Highway Safety, PO Box 94612, Lincoln, NE 68509
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Figure 7 Safety belt usage ratevs.
death rate per 100 million miles traveled
Nebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1060%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
0.800.901.001.101.201.301.401.501.601.701.80
71% 70% 70%
76%
79%
79%
76%
79%
83%85% 84%
1.56
1.37
1.68
1.58
1.36
1.461.40
1.33
1.101.16
0.96
Safety Belt Usage Rate Death Rate
Safe
ty B
elt
Usa
ge R
ate
Dea
th R
ate
Provided by : Nebraska Office of Highway Safety, PO Box 94612, Lincoln, NE 68509
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Figure 8 Percent of people who were in alcohol involved among all crashes and fatal crashes*
Nebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100%1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%9%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
% among all crashes % among fatal crashes
All C
rash
es
Fata
l Cra
shes
* If any driver in a crash was drunk, then all persons in the crash were considered alcohol involved.
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Figure 9 Alcohol-related fatalitiesCrash rate per 100 million miles
Nebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.55
0.50
0.63 0.62
0.48 0.43 0.45 0.47
0.36
0.46
0.27
Cra
sh R
ate
Provided by : Nebraska Office of Highway Safety, PO Box 94612, Lincoln, NE 68509
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Figure 10 Driving under the influence (DUI) arrests and convictionsNebraska, 2001-2010
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
13,000
14,000
15,000
ArrestsCon-vic-tions
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Figure 11 Crash type distribution of crash fatalitiesNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1035%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
Single Vehicle CrashMulti-vehicle crash
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Figure 12 Location distribution of crash fatalitiesNebraska, 2000-2010
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
RuralUrban
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Figure 13 Trauma registry case-fatality rates* by ISS categoryNebraska, 2001-2010
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
ISS 1-8ISS 9-15ISS 16-24ISS >24Overall
For each ISS category, case-fatality rate=(number of persons died/number of person admitted)*100
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Figure 14 Median EMS run time (minutes), Nebraska 2005-2009
0123456789
10
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
LINCOLNOMAHANARSISENARSIS
From 911 call to EMS arrival at scene From scene to EMS arrival at hospital
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SummaryThe following factors may have contributed
to the decline of crash fatalityIncreasing seatbelt usageAlcohol related crash fatality Improved trauma careFaster EMS response, especially at rural areas
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AcknowledgmentFred Zwonecheck, Linda Kearns, Nebraska
Office of Highway SafetySean Owings, Nebraska Dept. of RoadsDr. Erick Welsh, Injury Epidemiologist,
NDHHSDr. Jennifer Marcum, CDC/CSTE FellowQiao Ma, Intern, DHHS