year 10 btec half terms 1 and 2: unit 1 the music industry...• octaves –voices play the same...

Year 10 Btec Half Terms 1 and 2: Unit 1 The Music Industry

Performance/Creative roles• Musician• Composer/songwriter/producer• Musical director• Live sound technician• Roadie• Instrumental support/guitar

tech/drum tech

Management roles• Artistic management• Venue management• Studio management• Promoter• Marketing• A&R (Artists and Repertoire)

Recording roles• Recording studio personnel• Producer• Session musician• Mastering

Learning aim A – Understanding different types oforganisations that make up the music industry

Venues and Live performances• Small and medium local venues• Large multi space venuesHealth and Safety• Health and safety in the work place• Responsibility of venues to ensure health and safety of staff and

audience• Risk assessments• Policies and procedures in relations to health, safety and securityProduction and Promotion• Record companies• Music publishing• Promoters• Broadcasting• Marketing and distributionService companies and agencies• Royalty collection agencies• Artists’ representation• Hire companies• Transport companiesUnions• Musicians union -MU• Equity• Broadcast Entertainment Cinematograph Theatre Union - BECTUHow organisations interrelate

Media and other roles• Music journalist/blogger• Broadcaster• Software programmer/app

developer • Retail and distribution

Employment in the industry• Full time/part time/freelance• Permanent/casual• Self employed• Volunteers

Payment in the industry• Contracts/invoices• Tax/NI/• Fee/negotiation

Learning aim B – Understanding job roles in themusic industry

Year 10 Btec Half Terms 1 and 2: Unit 4 Composition

Composing for commercialsLearning aim A – Explore creative stimuli to meet the brief

• Compose 4 short pieces suitable for adverts for the following products:- Perfume/aftershave- Action film/TV series- Soft drink- Computer gameEach piece should last approximately 30 seconds.

• Choose two of your pieces from learning aim A and extend these ideas to create two developed compositions, using compositional devices. Each piece should last between 1 and 1 and a half minutes.

• Then choose ONE of your extended pieces – further develop this to produce a finished work suitable for an advertisement. Your final piece should last between 3 and 4 minutes.

Composing for commercialsLearning aim B – Develop, extend and shape music

for performance

• Present your work using as appropriate any of the following:- MIDI recordings, audio files - Standard notation/scores - Tab – guitar tab/drum kit tab- Graphic notation- Lead sheet- Chord chart

Composing for commercialsLearning aim C – Present compositions appropriately

Glossary:

• Melodic fragments – melodic idea• Rhythmic patterns – rhythmic ideas• Chords – 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of a scale• Chord progressions – order in which chords change• Harmonic systems - sequence of sounds• Textures – layering of your music• Riff and hooks – repeated, catchy motifs• Sound palettes – a mix f sound colours• Improvisation - spontaneous – without prior preparation• Experimentation – trying different methods and ideasSoftware:• Loops - short sections of track that can be repeated• Software instruments - computer programme that creates the sound of

instruments• Quantizing – using computer programme to place notes in timeMelodic and harmonic ideas:• Repetition - repeated melodic or rhythmic figure• Sequence – restatement of a motif or melody at a higher or lower pitch in

the same voice• Decoration – added notes – ornaments to add to the interest of the music• Variation – material is repeated in an altered form• Modulation/Changing tonality - change from one tonality to another• Transposition - moving musical material to sound higher or lower• Use of contrast - difference in parts – melodic, harmonic and rhythmic• Inversion – where a melody is re-written upside down• Retrograde – where a melody is written back to front• Retrograde inversion – where a melody is written back to front and upside

down• Canon – instrument/voices play the same part beginning at different times• Phrasing – a musical sentence• Homophonic - texture based on chords• Polyphonic – 2 or more melodies played at the same time weaving in and

out of each other

• Unison – all voices play a melody at the same pitch• Octaves – voices play the same melody at their relevant octaves• Inversions – chords which do not have the root note in the bassStructure:• Binary - two sections to the piece – A B • Ternary - Three sections to the piece – the first being repeated at the end – A

B A• Rondo - return of an idea – A B A C A D – section A returns in related keys• Arch - symmetrical – forming an arch – A B C B A • Ground bass - repeated bass line over which melody is composed• Introduction – section at the beginning of a piece• Coda – section at the end of a piecePresentation:• MIDI files – file format that provides a standardised way for music sequences

to be saved• Audio files - a file format for storing digital audio data• Notation - written music on staves using symbols• Scores – notated music showing all parts, instruments and voices• Guitar Tab – notated music specifically for guitar using strings and frets • Drum kit tab – notation specifically for drum kit using the stave and symbols

to represent the different part of the kit• Graphic notation - representation of music using visual symbols away form

traditional staved notation• Lead sheet – associated with popular music – gives basic information –

usually a single line melody or lyrics with harmony provided through chord symbols

• Chord chart - provides structure, harmonic and rhythmic information for a song using chord symbols and rhythmic notation – similar to a skeleton score




tech/drum tech











• Present your work using as appropriate any of the following:

- MIDI recordings, audio files - Standard notation/scores - Tab – guitar tab/drum kit tab- Graphic notation- Lead sheet- Chord chart

Composing for commercialsLearning aim C – resent

compositions appropriately

• Choose two of your pieces from learning aim A and extend these ideas to create two developed compositions, using compositional devices. Each piece should last between 1 and 1 and a half minutes.

• Then choose ONE of your extended pieces – further develop this to produce a finished work suitable for an advertisement. Your final piece should last between 3 and 4 minutes.

Composing for commercialsLearning aim B – Develop, extend and shape music for performance


Glossary:

• Melodic fragments – melodic idea• Rhythmic patterns – rhythmic ideas• Chords – 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of a scale• Chord progressions – order in which chords change• Harmonic systems -• Textures – layering of your music• Riff and hooks – repeated, catchy motifs• Sound palettes• Improvisation - spontaneous – without prior preparation• Experimentation -Software:• Loops - short sections of track that can be repeated• Software instruments - computer programme that creates the

sound of instruments• Quantizing – using computer programme to place notes in timeMelodic and harmonic ideas:• Repetition - repeated melodic or rhythmic figure• Sequence – restatement of a motif or melody at a higher or lower

pitch in the same voice• Decoration – added notes – ornaments to add to the interest of

the music• Variation – material is repeated in an altered form• Modulation/Changing tonality - change from one tonality to

another

• Transposition - moving musical material to sound higher or lower• Use of contrast - difference in parts – melodic, harmonic and

rhythmic• Inversion – where a melody is re-written upside down• Retrograde – where a melody is written back to front• Retrograde inversion – where a melody is written back to front

and upside down• Canon – instrument/voices play the same part beginning at

different times• Phrasing – a musical sentence• Homophonic - texture based on chords

• Polyphonic – 2 or more melodies played at the same time weaving in and out of each other

• Unison – all voices play a melody at the same pitch• Octaves – voices play the same melody at their relevant octaves• Inversions – chords which do not have the root note in the bassStructure:• Binary - two sections to the piece – A B • Ternary - Three sections to the piece – the first being repeated at

the end – A B A• Rondo - return of an idea – A B A C A D – section A returns in

related keys• Arch - symmetrical – forming an arch – A B C B A • Ground bass - repeated bass line over which melody is composed• Introduction – section at the beginning of a piece• Coda – section at the end of a piecePresentation:• MIDI files – file format that provides a standardised way for music

sequences to be saved• audio files - a file format for storing digital audio data• Notation - written music on staves using symbols• Scores – notated music showing all parts, instruments and voices• Guitar Tab – notated music specifically for guitar using strings and

frets • Drum kit tab – notation specifically for drum kit using the stave

and symbols to represent the different part of the kit• Graphic notation - representation of music using visual symbols

away form traditional staved notation• Lead sheet – associated with popular music – gives basic

information – usually a single line melody or lyrics with harmony provided through chord symbols

• Chord chart - provides structure, harmonic and rhythmic information for a song using chord symbols and rhythmic notation – similar to a skeleton score

Planning and development activities will vary depending on the nature of the product but will usually include:• Attending and contributing to and performing or producing at scheduled

sessions:- preparations – composing, recording, sequencing music- rehearsals- productions meetings

• Carrying out research or development work in response to ideas that arise out of the planning and production process

• Developing material• Performance work• Compositions/arrangements• Recordings/sequenced music• Listening and responding to direction and instructions

- from the producer- from the production manager or director- from peers

• Monitoring the progress of work- regularly reviewing the progress- adjusting plans where necessary in order to meet deadlines and/or achieve

aims

Team working skills and personal managementDuring your work as part of planning and development teams, you must consider and employ appropriate team-working and personal management skills:• Respecting opinions of others• Timekeeping skills• Bringing the correct equipment• Adhering to safe working practices at all times• Being willing to try things out• Demonstrating performance or production skills• Demonstrating appropriate business etiquette/personal presentation• Giving and accepting constructive and positive feedback

Managing a Music ProductLearning aim A – Plan, develop and deliver a music product

You must plan, develop and deliver ONE of the following:▪ A live concert/event▪ A CD/online product

Planning for a live concert/eventYou will work collaboratively with a team to plan and prepare the workYou will need to consider factors that affect the form and content of live events, as well as technical and logistical requirements and constraints, including:• Target audience• Type of venue• Selection of repertoire• Venue: size/location/equipment/resources/health and safety• Availability and allocation of technical support• Time constraints – set up/rehearsals/length• Availability of performers• Awareness of copyright issues

Creating a CD or online productYou will work collaboratively in a team to prepare for the production of the work.You will need to consider factors that affect the nature of the CD/online product, as well as technical and logistical requirements and constraints, including:• target audience• Type of product • Choice and availability of studio/equipment/booking studio• Availability of performers/engineers• Time constraints – recording/mixing• Awareness of copyright issues

Year 10 Btec Half Terms 3 and 4: Unit 2 Managing a Music Product

• Artistic intention• Purpose/theme

• Artistic intention• Selection of material

Planning and development activities

Delivering a music productYou must evidence your planning, decision making and development work in the realisation and delivery of the chosen productYou must manage expectations and ensue there is a clear understanding of the end product – this must be agreed by all before the planning begins.• Format, size and scope of the final concert, event, CD or product• Timescales involved, milestones and speed required to achieve the desired

outcome

• Supporting colleagues• Preparedness to work• Agreeing and meeting deadlines

• Demonstrating rehearsal discipline

• Status of the product – full scale/trial/experiment/practice/formal or informal/finished product/demo/master/pre-production master/rehearsal

• Success criteria – how will you know if it was a success or failure• What does the final delivery look like? Is it a press launch for a CD, a show, a

presentation to peers?



tech/drum tech











Year 10 Btec Half Terms 5 and 6: Unit 2 Managing a Music Product

Managing a Music ProductLearning aim B – Promote a music product

Promoting practiceMusic is promoted using a variety of techniques and tools that constantly change and develop into newer and fresher ideas. You should consider:• What is promotion?• What is promotion for and how do you know when it has

been successful?• What strategies are being used in the music industry at the

moment?• Why do some promotion strategies succeed and others fail?• Developments in online methods: large organisations(e.g.

Amazon), social networking (e.g. Facebook), streaming (e.g. Spotify) and mobile services (e.g. IOS/Android)

Promotional packYou must develop material to be included in a promotional pack for your chosen music product:• CD – Cd case/magazine advert/press release/radio

advert/website.• Concert – press release/magazine advert/posters/radio

advert/merchandise• Online product – website/web adverts/banners/magazine

advert/radio advert/press releaseYou must individually produce at least one element of the promotional pack

Managing a Music ProductLearning aim C – Review the management of a music product

You should review work you have done and that completed by your peers and others who have contributed to your product.Consider the purpose of planning and the preparation process to review:• The strengths/weaknesses of the process• The effectiveness of planning – e.g. sufficient time to prepare• The management of professional relationships• The use of resources• Individual and team contributions to the process• How planning was affected and changed as a result of the

creative processYou should also review the musical product and make suggestions for improvement/development in terms of future projects:• Artistic merits• Strengths and weaknesses of the final product• Audience/customer response

Component 1 –Understanding Music – AoS 2Popular Music

Music of Broadway 1950s to 1990sRock Music of 1960s and 1970sFilms and computer gaming music 1990s to present

Component 2 – Performance• Preparation of solo performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteria• Preparation of ensemble performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteriaCriteria for each performance:Level of DemandTechnical control – accuracy of pitch, rhythm, intonation and fluencyExpression and articulation – ability to demonstrate expression and interpretation and sense of style appropriate to the piece and as directed by the composer

• Component 3 – Composition - Compositional devices:Rhythm and Metree.g. simple time/regular tempo/semibreves/minims/crotchets/quaversTexture and melodye.g. single line melody/unison/octaves/homophonic texture/riffStructure and forme.g. binary/ternary/strophic/ground bass/popular song form/twelve bar bluesHarmony and Tonalitye.g. major and minor chords/perfect and imperfect cadences/major tonality/pedalTimbre and dynamicse.g. single and/or group instrumental/vocal or synthesised/computer generated sounds/balance in dynamicsPhrasing and Articulatione.g. legato/staccato/slurring

Year 10 GCSE Half Terms 1 and 2:

Component 1 –Understanding Music – AoS2 Popular Music

Study works – Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Clun Band – Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds

• Structure• Instrumentation• Key signatures• Time signatures• Metre• ADT• Melody• Harmony

Glossary:• MelodyRiff – a short repeated phrasePitch – high/lowMelisma – a group of notes sung to one syllable of a textHook – a short musical idea repeated to be catchySlide – rapid run of notesGlissando – glide from one pitch to anotherImprovisation – spontaneous – without prior preparationOstinato – a continually repeated musical phrase or themeBlue notes – flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th notes• HarmonyPower chords- root, 5th and 8veChord symbols – Key and roman numeral (C/I) Chord progressions – order of chords – e.g. I, IV, V, VI• TonalityPentatonic – 5 notes per octaveModal – diatonic scales which are neither major or minor – associated with the 8 church modesBlues scale – including blues notes – flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th

• Structureintro-/outro – beginning or endingVerse – music the same – change of lyricsChorus – music and lyrics the sameBreak – instrumental or drum solo12 bar blues – 12 bar format using chords I, IV and VDrum fill – short break in the groove – filling in the gaps• Sonority/Timbreband instruments – typically used in Pop bandsSpecialist instruments – more traditional e.g. sitar/dirubaInstrumental techniques:Palm mute – muting strings with palm near the bridgePitch bend – changing the pitch electronicallyHammer-on – changing the pitch by applying pressure on a fretPull-off – changing the pitch by removing fingers from the fret board

Slide guitar/bottleneck – steel tube placed over multiple strings to produce a smooth soundDrum kit components:Rim shot – striking the rim of the drum and the head at the same timeRim click – striking the rim of the drum whilst dampening the skinVocal timbres:Falsetto – singing outside the normal vocal rangeBelt – a controlled yellRap – emphasising rhyme and rhythmBeat-boxing – vocal percussion Scat singing – improvisation with wordless syllablesInstrumental techniques:Slap bass – producing percussive sound on string instrumentsInstrumental effects:Distortion – increasing the gain on amplified sounds to sound fuzzyAmplification – increasing the signal and volumeRecording techniques:ADT – Automatic double tracking – enhances tracks by delaying the original copyDIT – Direct Input Transformer – improves sound qualityTempo, metre and rhythm:Bpm – beats per minuteMm – metronome markingGroove – a pronounced enjoyable, repeated rhythmBackbeat – a strong accent on a normally unaccented beat of the barSyncopation – stressing the normally unaccented beatsOff-beat – weak beatsShuffle – rhythm based on triplet subdivisionSwing/swung – dotted rhythm typical of jazz


• Component 1 –Understanding Music – AoS2 Popular Music

Film and Computer Gaming 1990s to presentPop music 1990s to present

• Component 3 – Composition - Compositional devices:Rhythm and Metree.g. simple and compound time/regular tempo/semibreves/minims/crotchets/quavers/semiquaversTexture and melodye.g. single line melody/unison/octaves/homophonic texture/riff/ostinatoStructure and forme.g. binary/ternary/strophic/through composed/ground bass/popular song form/twelve bar bluesHarmony and Tonalitye.g. major and minor chords/perfect and imperfect cadences/major tonality/pedalTimbre and dynamicse.g. single instrumental, vocal or synthesised/computer generated sounds/groups instrumental, vocal or synthesised/computer generated sounds/changes in dynamics Phrasing and Articulatione.g. legato/staccato/accent/slurring/arco/pizzicato/tonguing



Study works – Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Clun Band – Within You, Without You:

• Structure Tonality• Instrumentation Harmony• Recording techniques Vocals• Metre Melody

Component 2 – Performance• Preparation of solo performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteria• Preparation of ensemble performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteriaCriteria for each performance:Level of DemandTechnical control – accuracy of pitch, rhythm, intonation and fluencyExpression and articulation – ability to demonstrate expression and interpretation and sense of style appropriate to the piece and as directed by the composer

• Component 1 –Understanding Music – AoS3Traditional Music

Blues music from 1920-1950Fusion music incorporating African and/or Caribbean music

• MelodyBlue notes – flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th notesPentatonic – scale with 5 notes per octaveWhole tone – each note separated by one whole toneModal - diatonic scales which are neither major or minor – associated with the 8 church modesSlide– rapid run of notesGlissando– glide from one pitch to anotherPortamento – pitch sliding from one note to anotherPitch Bend - changing the pitch electronicallyAppoggiaturas – delaying a note in a melody by introducing a note before itOstinato– a continually repeated musical phrase or themeRiff - a short repeated phraseMelody-scatMelisma – a group of notes sung to one syllable of a textImprovisation– spontaneous – without prior preparation• TonalityPentatonic – 5 notes per octaveModal – diatonic scales which are neither major or minor – associated with the 8 church modes• StructureStrophic – song structure when each verse (strophe) of the text is sung to the same musical tuneVerse and chorus – song structure built around two repeating sections – the chorus if which repeats lyrics and melodyCyclic – multiple themes/movements in which material occurs in more than one Call and response – question and answer formatPopular song forms – generally constructed of verse/chorus/bridge/pre-chorus/instrumental/intro/outro sections12/16 bar blues – 12/16 bar format using chords I, IV and V• Sonority/TimbreWorld music instruments – e.ge steel drumsTechnology, synthesised and computer generated sounds –Sampling techniques:Reverb – a musical effect produced by electronic equipment in which a sound is repeated like an echoDistortion – alters the sound of amplified instruments to produce a ‘fuzzy’ sound

– (usually by increasing the gain)Chorus – applied through MIDI – thickens the soundDrone – a note or chord is consistently sounded through all or most of the pieceVocal techniques:Falsetto – singing outside the normal vocal rangeVibrato – pulsating change of pitchRap – emphasising rhyme and rhythmTexture:A cappella – without instrumental accompanimentImitative – repetition of melody in polyphonic textureLayering/layered – several sounds are stacked on top of each other producing a thicker effectTempo, metre and rhythm:Irregular rhythms – do not fit into normal duple, triple or quadruple timesIrregular time signatures – e.g. 5/4,7/4,5/8.7/8 – where bars are made up of 2 and 3 beat patternsFree – no definite metre or pulseSkank – associated with ska and reggae – emphasis on weaker 2nd and 4th beatsBubble – typically associated with reggae organ/piano – right hand plays on beats 2 and 4 – left hand plays all upbeats ( all the ‘ands’)Clave – syncopated rhythmic pattern associated with Afro-Cuban music such as: rumba, conga, son, mambo, salsa and Afro-Cuban JazzAugmentation – melody or rhythm repeated with notes of a longer durationDiminution – melody or rhythm repeated with notes of a shorter durationAnacrusis – note/motif precedes the downbeatHemiola – 2 groups of 3 beats are replaced by 3 groups of 2 beats giving the effect of changing between triple and duple metreBi-rhythm – a specific type of polyrhythm consisting of two independent rhythms played simultaneouslyCross rhythm – two different rhythms are played at the same time – usually contrasting in some way – e.g. triple metre against duple metrePolyrhythm – a polyrhythmic texture is created when 2 or more rhythms are played at the same time – usually in African and Afro-Cuban music Shuffle beat -rhythm based on triplet subdivisionBackbeat -a strong accent on a normally unaccented beat of the barSyncopation -stressing the normally unaccented beatsOff-beat –weak beats

Year 10 GCSE Half Terms 3 and 4: Glossary: Plus glossary from term 1

• Component 1 –Understanding Music – AoS3Traditional Music

Fusion music incorporating African and/or Caribbean musicContemporary Latin musicContemporary folk music of the British Isles

• Component 2 – PerformancePreparation of solo performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteriaPreparation of ensemble performances – either one or more pieces of up to 2 minutes focusing on exam board criteriaCriteria for each performance:Level of DemandTechnical control – accuracy of pitch, rhythm, intonation and fluencyExpression and articulation – ability to demonstrate expression and interpretation and sense of style appropriate to the piece and as directed by the composer

• Component 3 – Composition - Compositional devices:Rhythm and Metree.g. simple and compound time/change of metre/syncopation /semibreves/minims/crotchets/quavers/semiquavers/dotted rhythms/tripletsTexture and melodye.g. single line melody/unison/octaves/homophonic texture/ornamentation/riff/ostinato/imitation/canonStructure and forme.g. binary/ternary/strophic/through composed/ground bass/popular song form/twelve bar blues/theme and variationsHarmony and Tonalitye.g. major and minor chords/perfect, plagal, interrupted and imperfect cadences/major and minor tonality/inverted chords/pedal or drone/chromatic harmonyTimbre and dynamicse.g. single instruments and/or voices/instrumental groupings and /or vocal groupings/synthesised/computer generated sounds/crescendo and diminuendo/vibrato/falsettoPhrasing and Articulatione.g. legato/staccato/accent/slurring/arco/pizzicato/tonguing



Study works – Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Clun Band – With a Little Help from my friends

• Structure Tonality• Instrumentation Harmony• Recording techniques Vocals• Metre Melody

Year 10 GCSE Half Terms 5 and 6: • MelodyBlue notes – flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th notesPentatonic – scale with 5 notes per octaveWhole tone – each note separated by one whole toneModal - diatonic scales which are neither major or minor – associated with the 8 church modesSlide– rapid run of notesGlissando– glide from one pitch to anotherPortamento – pitch sliding from one note to anotherPitch Bend - changing the pitch electronicallyAppoggiaturas – delaying a note in a melody by introducing a note before itOstinato– a continually repeated musical phrase or themeRiff - a short repeated phraseMelody-scatMelisma – a group of notes sung to one syllable of a textImprovisation– spontaneous – without prior preparation• TonalityPentatonic – 5 notes per octaveModal – diatonic scales which are neither major or minor – associated with the 8 church modes• StructureStrophic – song structure when each verse (strophe) of the text is sung to the same musical tuneVerse and chorus – song structure built around two repeating sections – the chorus if which repeats lyrics and melodyCyclic – multiple themes/movements in which material occurs in more than one Call and response – question and answer formatPopular song forms – generally constructed of verse/chorus/bridge/pre-chorus/instrumental/intro/outro sections12/16 bar blues – 12/16 bar format using chords I, IV and V• Sonority/TimbreWorld music instruments – e.ge steel drumsTechnology, synthesised and computer generated sounds –Sampling techniques:Reverb – a musical effect produced by electronic equipment in which a sound is repeated like an echoDistortion – alters the sound of amplified instruments to produce a ‘fuzzy’ sound

– (usually by increasing the gain)Chorus – applied through MIDI – thickens the soundDrone – a note or chord is consistently sounded through all or most of the pieceVocal techniques:Falsetto – singing outside the normal vocal rangeVibrato – pulsating change of pitchRap – emphasising rhyme and rhythmTexture:A cappella – without instrumental accompanimentImitative – repetition of melody in polyphonic textureLayering/layered – several sounds are stacked on top of each other producing a thicker effectTempo, metre and rhythm:Irregular rhythms – do not fit into normal duple, triple or quadruple timesIrregular time signatures – e.g. 5/4,7/4,5/8.7/8 – where bars are made up of 2 and 3 beat patternsFree – no definite metre or pulseSkank – associated with ska and reggae – emphasis on weaker 2nd and 4th beatsBubble – typically associated with reggae organ/piano – right hand plays on beats 2 and 4 – left hand plays all upbeats ( all the ‘ands’)Clave – syncopated rhythmic pattern associated with Afro-Cuban music such as: rumba, conga, son, mambo, salsa and Afro-Cuban JazzAugmentation – melody or rhythm repeated with notes of a longer durationDiminution – melody or rhythm repeated with notes of a shorter durationAnacrusis – note/motif precedes the downbeatHemiola – 2 groups of 3 beats are replaced by 3 groups of 2 beats giving the effect of changing between triple and duple metreBi-rhythm – a specific type of polyrhythm consisting of two independent rhythms played simultaneouslyCross rhythm – two different rhythms are played at the same time – usually contrasting in some way – e.g. triple metre against duple metrePolyrhythm – a polyrhythmic texture is created when 2 or more rhythms are played at the same time – usually in African and Afro-Cuban music Shuffle beat -rhythm based on triplet subdivisionBackbeat -a strong accent on a normally unaccented beat of the barSyncopation -stressing the normally unaccented beatsOff-beat –weak beats

Y10 BTEC Term 1Y10 BTEC Term 2Y10 BTEC Term 3Y10 GCSE Term 1Y10 GCSE Term 2Y10 GCSE Term 3

year 10 btec half terms 1 and 2: unit 1 the music industry...• octaves –voices play the same...

Documents