y. epelboin upmc-sorbonne universitésterena 2013 june 3rd université pierre et marie curie mooc...

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA 2013 June 3rd

www.upmc.fr

Université Pierre

et Marie Curie

MoOCMassive Open Online Course

concept

Yves [email protected]


Context

• MOOCs : an international tsunami coming from the US

• Pressure from Brussels: 23 april : http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-349_en.htm

• European OER initiatives: TERENA MTF, EUNIS LTF, EPFL…

• A visit to the US in November:– Pennsylvania U.– Drexel U.– Educause

• Participation to French MOOC…

MOOCA US vision:adaptable to Europe?

3

Technology Trigger

Peak ofInflated

Expectations

Trough of Disillusionment Slope of Enlightenment

Plateau of Productivity

time

expectations

As of May 2009

BPO — Higher EducationQuantum Computing

SIS International DataInteroperability Standards

Mobile-learning SMART-phone

Social Learning Platform

Open-Source HigherEducation SIS

Digital Preservation of Research Data

e-textbookCloud HPC/Computing-aaS

in Higher Education

CobiT — Higher Education

Mobile-learning Low / Mid-range handsets

Open-Source Higher EducationFinancials

Unified Communications and Collaboration

Lecture Capture and Retrieval Tools

Web-Based OfficeProductivity Suites

Virtual Environments/Virtual Worlds — Higher Education

Emergency Notification Software

Mashup — Higher EducationMini-notebooks

ITIL — Higher Education

E-LearningRepositories

802.11nOrganizationalCentric IAM —

Higher Education

Open-Source HigherEducation Portals

E-Portfolios

Personally Owned Devices With Campus Network Access

Social Networking in Education Tablet PC

Digital RightsManagement —

Higher Education

Wikis

CRM for Enrollment ManagementIP Video for E-Learning

Federated Identity ManagementOpen-Source E-Learning Applications

Grid Computing —Higher Education

Web and ApplicationHosting

Web Services forAdministrative Applications

User Centric Identity Frameworks

Global Library Digitalization ProjectsHosted Virtual Desktops

Hosted PC Virtualization Software

SaaS admin apps - Education

Cloud E-Mail For Higher Education

Podcasting Learning ContentIT Infrastructure Utility

SIF international interoperability

Technology Trigger

Peak ofInflated

Expectations



time

expectations

Technology Trigger

Peak ofInflated

Expectations



Technology Trigger

Peak ofInflated

Expectations



time

expectations

time

expectations

As of May 2009

BPO — Higher EducationQuantum Computing

SIS International DataInteroperability Standards

Mobile-learning SMART-phone

Social Learning Platform

Open-Source HigherEducation SIS

Digital Preservation of Research Data

e-textbookCloud HPC/Computing-aaS

in Higher Education

CobiT — Higher Education

Mobile-learning Low / Mid-range handsets

Open-Source Higher EducationFinancials

Unified Communications and Collaboration

Lecture Capture and Retrieval Tools

Web-Based OfficeProductivity Suites

Virtual Environments/Virtual Worlds — Higher Education

Emergency Notification Software

Mashup — Higher EducationMini-notebooks

ITIL — Higher Education

E-LearningRepositories

802.11nOrganizationalCentric IAM —

Higher Education

Open-Source HigherEducation Portals

E-Portfolios

Personally Owned Devices With Campus Network Access

Social Networking in Education Tablet PC

Digital RightsManagement —

Higher Education

Wikis

CRM for Enrollment ManagementIP Video for E-Learning

Federated Identity ManagementOpen-Source E-Learning Applications

Grid Computing —Higher Education

Web and ApplicationHosting

Web Services forAdministrative Applications

User Centric Identity Frameworks

Global Library Digitalization ProjectsHosted Virtual Desktops

Hosted PC Virtualization Software

SaaS admin apps - Education

Cloud E-Mail For Higher Education

Podcasting Learning ContentIT Infrastructure Utility

SIF international interoperability

A very hot topic

less than 2 years

2 to 5 years

5 to 10 years

more than 10 years

obsolete before plateau

Plateau will be reached in:

MOOC


A socio-economic view


The US university model

• A business model:– Students = customers

• Payment by study• Attractivity and publicity

– Local diploma, no state intervention– Profitability : few permanent staff (tenure)– Tuition pays for Research (non profit institutions) and for

profit institutions(Phoenix)

• Public universities:– Same model with some State funding


The economical crisis


Tuition debt

• The number of borrowers :– 20 millions in 2004, 40 millions in 2012

• 40% under10 000 $, 30% under 25 000 $, 30% more than25 000 $

• A negative impact on the US economyFirst debt before housing!

Source : Le monde 23/03/2013

966 Millions US $


Solutions

• Facts:– 30% students only in primary study– Many partial workers (services on campus…)– A trend to drastically reduce staff expense (tenure)

• Use of IT to reduce costs

MOOCMOOC


MOOC

• A massive course: over 140 000 students!– Few interactions with teachers– Pure distance learning– Automatic tests and peers controls– Certification at the end

• Certification is not credential– Not for free

• A high dropout rate(90%)


The main actors

• edX : Harvard, Berkeley, U. of Texas…www.edx.org

• Coursera : Stanford, EPFL, Edinborough… www.coursera.org

• Canvas : Brown, U. of C. Florida…www.canvas.net

• Udacity : private companywww.udacity.com

• Futurelearn : Open Universitywww.futurelearn.com

• Miriada X, www.miriadax.net


An important funding

• Finances : – edX : 60 M$– Coursera 100 M$

• Price for course: 100 000 – 600 000 $

• A full time job todesign a course


Business model ?


A new grading sytem

• 13/11/2012 Coursera:– 33 courses accepted as credits by renown universities

such as Stanford, Penn, Princeton, Brown, Berkeley… – Move from the OCW concept towards a pay model– A paying certification revolving towards a paying

graduation– Business model shared with the industry:

Wiley


… and now?

• « MOOCs as capital-biased technological change » J. Zevin The Magnet is always on, 17/12/2012

• edu@2025 R. Katzhttp://video.upmc.fr/differe.php?collec=S_edu_2025

• « Udacity has already partnered with more than 20 companies who verify and accept the certificates of course completion » S. Thrun, (Standford et Google) in CNN W. J. Bennett, 5/07/2012


Models for Europe?

• The economical model:– Mass and open?– Less expensive distance learning model?

• The organization model:– Centralized : HE European model?– Competition among consortiums?

• European, national scale?• Merging with US consortiums?

• The funding problem– LMS– Support staff and teachers– Contents


MOOOOC ?Some insight


c-MOOC

• The connectivist model– « All learners, all teachers »

• No build path, no pedagogical path• Some resources available but

– Bring your own resources– Web crawling more important than anything else

• Aims:– Exchanges, social learning– Network and connections– Acquisition of knowledge

• Certification: how?


x-MOOC

• Main lecture:– Videos = the theater– Documents = books

• Application classes:– Exchanges among participants

(forums, social tools)– Crowd learning– Exchanges with teachers

• Comments in forums et social tools

• Assessments– Quizzes

• Degree = Certification•


A 21st century answer?

• Alternative to classical learning:– Information is everywhere– Information is accessible from anyplace– Knowledge is distributed (Wikipedia…)

• A MOOC is:– Open to everybody– Participatory– Distributed– Based on a network of relations for all along the life

educationAfte

r « blended learning »

« flipped learning »


A young technology

• « One course = one platform »Charles Severance, Indiana University

• Virtualization• Virtual distributed platform (cloud) to sustain the

load• Open source :

– Canvas : Ubuntu (Debian, MacOS?)– edX : Xblock, just released (MIT)– Class2go (Stanford) (Python, Django)– Coursebuilder (Google)(Django)– OpenMOOC (Spain)(Python, Django)– Sakai CLE (Apereo fundation, Java)– Claroline Connect (to come)


A cloud architecture

Load Balancing

1 n2 …

DBUser Data


Trends in Europe


A MOOC is not a course

• A MOOC is not resources in a platform

Steve Kolowich Chronicle of Higher Education 18/03/2013

•MOOCs require a full redesign of the contents •MOOCs enhance the quality of local teaching

•MOOCs require a full redesign of the contents •MOOCs enhance the quality of local teaching


MOOC economy in Europe

• TORC: Tiny Online Restricted Courses– Also TROC– Also SOOC

• A flipped model of learning in universities:– Replacement of the traditional lecture– Self assessments– Accompaniment through face to face small classes

• From TORC to MOOC:– Same offer but no accompaniment– Certification?


MOOC environment

• Needs:– Servers architecture in cloud– Choice of platform– Technical maintenance– Support of teachers:

• Training for platforms• Support

– Additional services:• Multimedia developers• Video• Pedagogical support

• Funding– Basic access– Additional services


European organization

• Decision in the hands of the stakeholders:– Universities– Ministries of Higher Education– Universities National organizations (UCISA, LADOK,

AMUE…)

• Choices:– Merging in existing consortia (Coursera, Canvas…)– Universities consortia (LERU, EUA…)– National consortia– Role of NREN?


2025 horizon?

• Major industrial companies: Google, Microsoft…• Survival of universities

– In the USA :• Standardized curricula under pressures to reduce costs and prices.

– In Europe :• Concurrency between universities and education business• Certification and graduation• TROC : Tiny Restricted On-Line Courses

See edu@2025 R. Katz, youTube


MOOCs :a revolution?


A revolution?


An alternative?

But some industry leaders try to make believe that MOOCs are the alternative to the “King teacher”(Xavier Niel, Illiad & Free)

But some industry leaders try to make believe that MOOCs are the alternative to the “King teacher”(Xavier Niel, Illiad & Free)


Changes to come

• Distance learning– End of synchronism with the university timing– End of organization by ECTS– Certification or graduation?

• Open University– Bring a new public to the university

• Retired people• Knowledge lurkers

• Continuous education• Prerequisites, remedial courses• Battle with business for alternative graduation

MOOCs will

have a major im

pact

MOOCs will

have a major im

pact


Discussion

[email protected]

y. epelboin upmc-sorbonne universitésterena 2013 june 3rd université pierre et marie curie mooc...

Documents

course slide

costs mooc slide

state funding slide

millions us

socioeconomic view slide

french mooc mooc

us university model

us vision