xml
DESCRIPTION
An Overview into the explanation into the usage of XML - XSLT,XSD,Data Binding,Xlang,XMLDocument & also XML in dotnet usage. Relational data wrt to XMLTRANSCRIPT
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XML
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Learning Objectives
Learn what XML is Learn the various ways in which XML is used Learn the key companion technologies Learn how to use the .NET framework to read,
write, and navigate XML documents
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Agenda
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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OverviewWhat is XML?
A tag-based meta language Designed for structured data representation Represents data hierarchically (in a tree) Provides context to data (makes it meaningful)
Self-describing data
Separates presentation (HTML) from data (XML) An open W3C standard A subset of SGML
vs. HTML, which is an implementation of SGML
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OverviewWhat is XML?
XML is a “use everywhere” data specification
DocumentsConfiguration
Database
Application X
Repository
XML XML
XML XML
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OverviewDocuments vs. Data
XML is used to represent two main types of things: Documents
Lots of text with tags to identify and annotate portions of the document
Data Hierarchical data structures
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OverviewXML and Structured Data
Pre-XML representation of data:
XML representation of the same data:
“PO-1234”,”CUST001”,”X9876”,”5”,”14.98”
<PURCHASE_ORDER><PO_NUM> PO-1234 </PO_NUM><CUST_ID> CUST001 </CUST_ID><ITEM_NUM> X9876 </ITEM_NUM><QUANTITY> 5 </QUANTITY><PRICE> 14.98 </PRICE>
</PURCHASE_ORDER>
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OverviewBenefits of XML
Open W3C standard Representation of data across heterogeneous
environments Cross platform Allows for high degree of interoperability
Strict rules Syntax Structure Case sensitive
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OverviewWho Uses XML?
Submissions by Microsoft IBM Hewlett-Packard Fujitsu Laboratories Sun Microsystems Netscape (AOL), and others…
Technologies using XML SOAP, ebXML, BizTalk, WebSphere, many others…
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Agenda
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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Syntax and StructureComponents of an XML Document
Elements Each element has a beginning and ending tag
<TAG_NAME>...</TAG_NAME> Elements can be empty (<TAG_NAME />)
Attributes Describes an element; e.g. data type, data range, etc. Can only appear on beginning tag
Processing instructions Encoding specification (Unicode by default) Namespace declaration Schema declaration
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Syntax and StructureComponents of an XML Document
<?xml version=“1.0” ?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href=“template.xsl"?><ROOT>
<ELEMENT1><SUBELEMENT1 /><SUBELEMENT2 /></ELEMENT1><ELEMENT2> </ELEMENT2><ELEMENT3 type=‘string’> </ELEMENT3><ELEMENT4 type=‘integer’ value=‘9.3’> </ELEMENT4>
</ROOT>
Prologue (processing instructions)
Elements
Elements with Attributes
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Syntax and StructureRules For Well-Formed XML
There must be one, and only one, root element Sub-elements must be properly nested
A tag must end within the tag in which it was started
Attributes are optional Defined by an optional schema
Attribute values must be enclosed in “” or ‘’ Processing instructions are optional XML is case-sensitive
<tag> and <TAG> are not the same type of element
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Syntax and StructureWell-Formed XML?
No, CHILD2 and CHILD3 do not nest propertly
<xml? Version=“1.0” ?><PARENT>
<CHILD1>This is element 1</CHILD1><CHILD2><CHILD3>Number 3</CHILD2></CHILD3>
</PARENT>
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Syntax and StructureWell-Formed XML?
No, there are two root elements
<xml? Version=“1.0” ?><PARENT>
<CHILD1>This is element 1</CHILD1></PARENT><PARENT>
<CHILD1>This is another element 1</CHILD1></PARENT>
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Syntax and StructureWell-Formed XML?
Yes
<xml? Version=“1.0” ?><PARENT>
<CHILD1>This is element 1</CHILD1><CHILD2/><CHILD3></CHILD3>
</PARENT>
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Syntax and StructureAn XML Document
<?xml version='1.0'?><bookstore> <book genre=‘autobiography’ publicationdate=‘1981’ ISBN=‘1-861003-11-0’> <title>The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin</title> <author> <first-name>Benjamin</first-name> <last-name>Franklin</last-name> </author> <price>8.99</price> </book> <book genre=‘novel’ publicationdate=‘1967’ ISBN=‘0-201-63361-2’> <title>The Confidence Man</title> <author> <first-name>Herman</first-name> <last-name>Melville</last-name> </author> <price>11.99</price> </book></bookstore>
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Overview
Part of XML’s extensibility Allow authors to differentiate between tags of the
same name (using a prefix) Frees author to focus on the data and decide how to
best describe it Allows multiple XML documents from multiple authors
to be merged
Identified by a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) When a URL is used, it does NOT have to represent
a live server
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Declaration
xmlns: bk = “http://www.example.com/bookinfo/”
xmlns: bk = “urn:mybookstuff.org:bookinfo”
Namespace declaration examples:
Namespace declaration Prefix URI (URL)
xmlns: bk = “http://www.example.com/bookinfo/”
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Examples
<BOOK xmlns:bk=“http://www.bookstuff.org/bookinfo”> <bk:TITLE>All About XML</bk:TITLE> <bk:AUTHOR>Joe Developer</bk:AUTHOR> <bk:PRICE currency=‘US Dollar’>19.99</bk:PRICE>
<bk:BOOK xmlns:bk=“http://www.bookstuff.org/bookinfo”xmlns:money=“urn:finance:money”> <bk:TITLE>All About XML</bk:TITLE> <bk:AUTHOR>Joe Developer</bk:AUTHOR> <bk:PRICE money:currency=‘US Dollar’> 19.99</bk:PRICE>
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Default Namespace
An XML namespace declared without a prefix becomes the default namespace for all sub-elements
All elements without a prefix will belong to the default namespace:
<BOOK xmlns=“http://www.bookstuff.org/bookinfo”> <TITLE>All About XML</TITLE> <AUTHOR>Joe Developer</AUTHOR>
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Scope
Unqualified elements belong to the inner-most default namespace. BOOK, TITLE, and AUTHOR belong to the default
book namespace PUBLISHER and NAME belong to the default
publisher namespace<BOOK xmlns=“www.bookstuff.org/bookinfo”> <TITLE>All About XML</TITLE> <AUTHOR>Joe Developer</AUTHOR> <PUBLISHER xmlns=“urn:publishers:publinfo”> <NAME>Microsoft Press</NAME> </PUBLISHER></BOOK>
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Syntax and Structure Namespaces: Attributes
Unqualified attributes do NOT belong to any namespace Even if there is a default namespace
This differs from elements, which belong to the default namespace
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Syntax and Structure Entities
Entities provide a mechanism for textual substitution, e.g.
You can define your own entities Parsed entities can contain text and markup Unparsed entities can contain any data
JPEG photos, GIF files, movies, etc.
Entity Substitution< <
& &
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Agenda
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’
XML itself is fairly simple Most of the learning curve is knowing about
all of the related technologies
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’
XML Extensible Markup Language
Defines XML documents
Infoset Information Set Abstract model of XML data; definition of terms
DTD Document Type Definition Non-XML schema
XSD XML Schema XML-based schema language
XDR XML Data Reduced An earlier XML schema
CSS Cascading Style Sheets Allows you to specify styles
XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language
Language for expressing stylesheets; consists of XSLT and XSL-FO
XSLT XSL Transformations Language for transforming XML documents
XSL-FO XSL Formatting Objects Language to describe precise layout of text on a page
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’
XPath XML Path Language A language for addressing parts of an XML document, designed to be used by both XSLT and XPointer
XPointer XML Pointer Language Supports addressing into the internal structures of XML documents
XLink XML Linking Language Describes links between XML documents
XQuery XML Query Language (draft)
Flexible mechanism for querying XML data as if it were a database
DOM Document Object Model API to read, create and edit XML documents; creates in-memory object model
SAX Simple API for XML API to parse XML documents; event-driven
Data Island XML data embedded in a HTML page
Data Binding Automatic population of HTML elements from XML data
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: Overview
DTD (Document Type Definitions) Not written in XML No support for data types or namespaces
XSD (XML Schema Definition) Written in XML Supports data types Current standard recommended by W3C
XDR (XML Data Reduced schema) Interim schema proposed by Microsoft Obsoleted by XSD
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: Purpose
Define the “rules” (grammar) of the document Data types Value bounds
A XML document that conforms to a schema is said to be valid More restrictive than well-formed XML
Define which elements are present and in what order
Define the structural relationships of elements
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: DTD Example
XML document:
DTD schema:<!DOCTYPE BOOK [<!ELEMENT BOOK (TITLE+, AUTHOR) ><!ELEMENT TITLE (#PCDATA) ><!ELEMENT AUTHOR (#PCDATA) >]>
<BOOK> <TITLE>All About XML</TITLE> <AUTHOR>Joe Developer</AUTHOR></BOOK>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: XSD Example
XML document:<CATALOG> <BOOK> <TITLE>All About XML</TITLE> <AUTHOR>Joe Developer</AUTHOR> </BOOK> …</CATALOG>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: XSD Example
<xsd:schema id="NewDataSet“ targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/schema1.xsd" xmlns="http://tempuri.org/schema1.xsd" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata"> <xsd:element name="book"> <xsd:complexType content="elementOnly"> <xsd:all> <xsd:element name="title" minOccurs="0" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="author" minOccurs="0" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:all> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name=“Catalog" msdata:IsDataSet="True"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded"> <xsd:element ref="book"/> </xsd:choice> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element></xsd:schema>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Schemas: Why You Should Use XSD
Newest W3C Standard Broad support for data types Reusable “components”
Simple data types Complex data types
Extensible Inheritance support Namespace support Ability to map to relational database tables XSD support in Visual Studio.NET
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: XSL
Language for expressing document styles Specifies the presentation of XML
More powerful than CSS
Consists of: XSLT XPath XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO)
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: Overview
XSLT – a language used to transform XML data into a different form (commonly XML or HTML)
XML,HTML,
…
XML
XSLT
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: XSLT
The language used for converting XML documents into other forms
Describes how the document is transformed Expressed as an XML document (.xsl) Template rules
Patterns match nodes in source document Templates instantiated to form part of result document
Uses XPath for querying, sorting, etc.
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: Example
<sales> <summary> <heading>Scootney Publishing</heading> <subhead>Regional Sales Report</subhead> <description>Sales Report</description> </summary> <data> <region> <name>West Coast</name> <quarter number="1" books_sold="24000" /> <quarter number="2" books_sold="38600" /> <quarter number="3" books_sold="44030" /> <quarter number="4" books_sold="21000" /> </region> ... </data></sales>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: Example
<xsl:param name="low_sales" select="21000"/><BODY> <h1><xsl:value-of select="//summary/heading"/></h1> ... <table><tr><th>Region\Quarter</th> <xsl:for-each select="//data/region[1]/quarter"> <th>Q<xsl:value-of select="@number"/></th> </xsl:for-each> ... <xsl:for-each select="//data/region"> <tr><xsl:value-of select="name"/></th> <xsl:for-each select="quarter"> <td><xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="number(@books_sold <= $low_sales)"> color:red;</xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise>color:green;</xsl:otherwise></xsl:choose> <xsl:value-of select="format-number(@books_sold,'###,###')"/></td> ... <td><xsl:value-of select="format-number(sum(quarter/@books_sold),'###,###')"/>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Transformations: Example
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO)
A set of formatting semantics Denotes typographic elements (for example:
page, paragraph, rule, etc.) Allows finer control obtained via formatting
elements Word, letter spacing Indentation Widow, orphan, hyphenation control Font style, etc.
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XPath (XML Path Language)
General purpose query language for identifying nodes in an XML document
Declarative (vs. procedural) Contextual – the results depend on current node Supports standard comparison, Boolean and
mathematical operators (=, <, and, or, *, +, etc.)
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XPath Operators
Operator Usage Description/ Child operator – selects only immediate children (when
at the beginning of the pattern, context is root)
// Recursive descent – selects elements at any depth (when at the beginning of the pattern, context is root)
. Indicates current context
* Wildcard
@ Prefix to attribute name (when alone, it is an attribute wildcard)
[ ] Applies filter pattern
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XPath Query Examples
./author (finds all author elements within current context)
/bookstore (find the bookstore element at the root)
/* (find the root element)
//author (find all author elements anywhere in document)
/bookstore[@specialty = “textbooks”] (find all bookstores where the specialty
attribute = “textbooks”)
/book[@style = /bookstore/@specialty] (find all books where the style attribute = the specialty attribute of the bookstore element at the root)
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XPointer
Builds upon XPath to: Identify sub-node data Identify a range of data Identify data in local document or remote documents
New standard
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XLink
XML Linking Language Elements of XML documents Describes links between resources
Simple links (for example, HTML HREFs) Extended links
Remote resources Local resources Rules for how a link is followed, etc.
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ The XML DOM
XML Document Object Model (DOM) Provides a programming interface for manipulating
XML documents in memory Includes a set of objects and interfaces that represent
the content and structure of an XML document Enables a program to traverse an XML tree Allows elements, attributes, etc., to be added/deleted in
an XML tree Allows new XML documents to be created
programmatically
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ SAX (Simple API for XML)
API to allow developers to read/write XML data Event based
Uses a “push” model Sequential access only (data not cached) Requires less memory to process XML data than
the DOM SAX has less overhead (uses small input, work and
output buffers) than the DOM DOM constructs the data structure in memory (work
and output buffers = to size of data)
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XML embedded in an HTML document Manipulated via client side script or data binding
<XML id=“XMLID”> <BOOK> <TITLE>All About XML</TITLE> <AUTHOR>Joe Developer</AUTHOR> </BOOK></XML>
<XML id=“XMLID” src=“mydocument.xml”>
The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Data Islands
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Data Islands
Can be embedded in an HTML SCRIPT element XML is accessible via the DOM:
<SCRIPT language=“xml” id=“XMLID”><SCRIPT type=“text/xml” id=“XMLID”><SCRIPT language=“xml” id=“XMLID” src=“mydocument.xml”>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Data Islands
Access the XML via the HTML DOM:
Or access the XML directly via the ID:
function returnXMLData() { return document.all("XMLID").XMLDocument.nodeValue;}
function returnXMLData() { return XMLID.documentElement.text;}
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Data Binding
Client-side data binding (in the browser) The XML Data Source Object (DSO) binds HTML
elements to an XML data set (or data island) When the XML data set changes, the bound elements
are updated dynamically DATASRC: the source of the data (e.g., the ID
of the data island) DATAFLD: the field (XML element) to display Can offload XSLT processing to the client IE only
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ Data Binding
<HTML><BODY> <XML ID="xmlParts"> <?xml version="1.0" ?> <parts> <part> <partnumber>A1000</partnumber> <description>Flat washer</description> <quantity>1000</quantity> </part> ... </XML> <table datasrc=#xmlParts border=1><tr> <td><div datafld="partnumber"></div></td> <td><div datafld="quantity"></div></td> </tr></table></BODY></HTML>
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XLang (BizTalk)
An XML language for defining processes Processes usually on multiple platforms Support for:
Concurrency Long-running transactions
Exposed messaging and orchestration APIs Connect to COM components Connect to MSMQ queues Connect to SQL components
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XML-Based Applications
Microsoft BizTalk Server Enables uniform exchange of data among disparate
systems (XLang) Backend interchange with partners/customers
Microsoft Commerce Server XML-based Product Catalog System Integrated with BizTalk Server for backend
communication
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The XML ‘Alphabet Soup’ XML-Based Applications
Microsoft SQL Server Retrieve relational data as XML Query XML data Join XML data with existing database tables Update the database via XML Updategrams
Microsoft Exchange Server XML is native representation of many types of data Used to enhance performance of UI scenarios (for
example, Outlook Web Access (OWA))
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Agenda
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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XML in .NETOverview
XML use is ubiquitous throughout .NET Web Services
Based on XML standards: SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, …
ASP.NET Application information stored in XML-based
configuration files
ADO.NET Provides conversion between DataSets and XML DataSets are serialized as XML
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XML in .NETOverview
XML classes built on industry standards e.g., DOM Level 2 Core, XML Schemas, SOAP
Introduces a stream-based (“pull”) interface vs. the traditional SAX “push” model
Natural evolution of MSXML 3.0 (4.0) MSXML 3.0 still available in .NET via COM Interop
.NET XML classes are well-factored for functionality, performance and extensibility
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XML in .NETCore Classes in System.XML
Abstract (Base) Class Concrete (Derived) Class
XmlNode XmlDocumentXmlLinkedNodeXmlElementXmlAttributeXmlDataDocument
XmlReader XmlTextReaderXmlNodeReader
XmlWriter XmlTextWriter
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XML in .NET XmlNode
Represents a single node in a XML document hierarchy
An abstract class Properties and methods to
traverse XML document hierarchy query properties modify nodes delete notes
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XML in .NET XmlDocument
Implements W3C XML Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 and Level 2 specifications
Implements XmlNode Represents an entire XML document
All nodes are available to view/manipulate
Cached in memory XmlDocument is analogous to a DataSet Events for changing, inserting and removing
nodes
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XML in .NET XmlDocument
Declaration:
Constructor:
Code example:
public class XmlDocument : XmlNode
public XmlDocument();
XmlDocument myXmlDoc = new XmlDocument();myXmlDoc.Load(“c:\Sample.xml”);
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XML in .NET XmlLinkedNode
Implements XmlNode Retrieves the node immediately preceding or
following the current node An abstract class from which XmlElement is
derived Declaration:
public abstract class XmlLinkedNode : XmlNode
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XML in .NET XmlElement
Represents an element in the DOM tree Properties and methods to view, modify, and
create element objects Declaration:
Code example:
public class XmlElement : XmlLinkedNode
XmlDocument myXmlDoc = new XmlDocument();myXmlDoc.Load (“c:\Sample.xml”);
// DocumentElement retrieves the root elementXmlElement root = myXmlDoc.DocumentElement;
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XML in .NET XmlAttribute
Implements XmlNode Represents an attribute of an XmlElement Valid and/or default values defined by schema
Declaration:
public class XmlAttribute : XmlNode
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XML in .NET XmlAttribute
Code example:XmlDocument myXmlDoc = new XmlDocument();myXmlDoc.Load (“c:\Sample.xml”);
// Get the attribute collection of the root elementXmlAttributeCollection attrColl = myXmlDoc.DocumentElement.Attributes;
// Create a new attribute and set it’s valueXmlAttribute newAttr = myXmlDoc.CreateAttribute(“value”);newAttr.Value = “new value”;
// Append the new attribute to the collectionattrColl.Append(newAttr);
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XML in .NETXmlNode:IXPathNavigable
XmlNode has simple methods for traversing a XML document hierarchy
XmlNode is an interface for accessing XML data using a cursor model
Provides a generic navigation mechanism Support for XPath expressions through IXPathNavigable interface
Can select and navigate a subset of a document Properties and methods to view, modify, copy,
delete nodes
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XML in .NET XPathNavigator
Allows navigation over a XmlDocument XmlDocument is derived from XmlNode, which
implements IXPathNavigable
Caveats “Current” node remains current when moved Can be in a null state when not pointing to a node Does not “walk” off end of tree Failed methods leave XPathNavigator where it was
public class XmlDocument : XMLNode{ XMLNode IXPathNavigable.CreateNavigator() { }}
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XML in .NET XPathNavigator
Declaration:
Constructor:
Code example:
public class XPathNavigator : IXPathNavigable
public XPathNavigator (XmlDocument document);
XmlDocument myXmlDoc;myXmlDoc.Load (“c:\Sample.xml”);
XPathNavigator nav = myXmlDoc.CreateNavigator();
nav.MoveToRoot(); // move to root elementnav.MoveToNext(); // move to next element
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XML in .NET XPathNavigator
Example: iterate over a subset of nodesXmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();doc.Load("person.xml");XPathNavigator nav = doc.CreateNavigator();XPathNodeIterator iter = nav.Select("/person/name");while (iter.MoveToNext ()) { // process selection here… with iter.Current.Value}
Example: sum all Prices in a documentpublic static void SumPriceNodes(XPathNavigator nav) { // in this case, evaluate returns a number Console.WriteLine("sum=" + nav.Evaluate("sum(//Price)"));}
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XML in .NET Demo XPathNavigator
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XML in .NET XmlReader
XmlReader is an abstract class that provides fast, non-cached, forward-only, read-only access to XML data
Uses a “pull” model Simpler than the SAX “push” model User can easily implement “push” model if desired
But the reverse is not true
Reads in depth-first order Same order as textual XML data
Analogous to an ADO.NET DataReader
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XML in .NET XmlTextReader
Forward-only, read-only, non-cached access to stream-based XML data
Implements XmlReader Access to data by parsing text input from:
Streams TextReader objects Strings
Properties and methods to view elements and attributes
Event support for validation
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XML in .NET XmlTextReader
Declaration:
Constructor (overloaded):
Code example:
public class XmlTextReader : XmlReader
public XmlTextReader(TextReader textreader);public XmlTextReader(string url);public XmlTextReader(Stream stream);
XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(“c:\Sample.xml”);While (reader.Read()) { ...}
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XML in .NET XmlNodeReader
Forward-only, non-cached access to XML data Implements XmlReader Access to data via XPathNavigator Reads data from an entire XmlDocument or a
specific XmlNode Properties and methods to view elements and
attributes
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XML in .NET XmlWriter
Abstract class providing fast, non-cached, forward-only, write-only creation of XML data
Makes it easy to create well-formed XML data in a type-safe manner
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XML in .NET XmlTextWriter
Forward-only, non-cached method of writing XML data to a stream
Implements XmlWriter Can write to:
Streams Files TextWriter objects
Properties and methods to write syntactically valid XML
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XML in .NET XmlTextWriter
Declaration:
Constructor (overloaded):
Code example:
public class XmlTextWriter : XmlWriter
public XmlTextWriter(TextWriter textwriter);public XmlTextReader(string file, Encoding encoding);public XmlTextWriter(Stream stream, Encoding encoding);
XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter (“c:\Sample.xml”, null);writer.WriteStartDocument(); // Write the declarationwriter.WriteStartElement(“ROOT”); // Write the root elementwriter.WriteEndElement(); // Write the close tag of rootwriter.Flush(); // Writer XML to filewriter.Close(); // Close writer
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XML in .NET Demo XmlTextReader & XmlTextWriter
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XML in .NET Other XML Namespaces
System.Xml – Core XML namespace System.Xml.XPath – contains the XPathNavigator, XPath parser and evaluation engine
System.Xml.Xsl – support XSLT transformations
System.Xml.Serialization – Classes to serialize objects into XML documents or streams
System.Xml.Schema – Supports XSD schemas
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Agenda
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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Relational Data and XMLRelational Support in System.Xml
XmlDataDocument XPathDocument XPathNavigator Build a relation on a DataSet Built-in XML support in SQL Server 2000
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Relational Data and XML XmlDataDocument
Extends XmlDocument to include support for relational data (files, RDBMS, etc.)
Provides a DataSet property, which is kept synchronized with the XML data
Schema support Schema can be loaded/saved as XSD Schema can be inferred from XML data
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Relational Data and XML XmlDataDocument
SyncSync
DataReader
SqlData-Reader
OleDbData-Reader
Controls,Designers,
Code-gen, etc.
DataSet
XmlReader
XmlText-Reader
XmlNode-Reader
XSL/T, X-Path,Validation, etc.
XmlData-Document
DataAdapter
SqlData-Adapter
OleDbData-Adapter
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Relational Data and XML XmlDataDocument
XmlDataDocument dataDoc = new XmlDataDocument();
// Read the XML into a DataSetdataDoc.DataSet.ReadXml(new StreamReader(“c:\example.xml”);
foreach(DataTable table in dataDoc.DataSet.Tables) { foreach(DataColumn column in table.Columns) { }
foreach(DataRow row in table.Rows) { foreach(Object value in row.ItemArray) { } }}
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Relational Data and XML DataDocumentNavigator
Implements XmlNavigator over an XmlDataDocument
Contains the features of DocumentNavigator Cursor model access XPath support, etc.
Includes support for relational data (XmlDataDocument)
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Relational Data and XML Building a DataSet Relation
Create DataSet Define tables:
DataSet dataset = new DataSet();dataset.Name = "BookAuthors";
DataTable authors = new DataTable("Author");DataTable books = new DataTable("Book");
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Relational Data and XML Building a DataSet Relation
Define columns Define keys:DataColumn id = authors.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(Int32));id.AutoIncrement = true;authors.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[] {id};DataColumn name = new authors.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(String));
DataColumn isbn = books.Columns.Add("ISBN", typeof(String));books.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[] {isbn};DataColumn title = books.Columns.Add("Title", typeof(String));
DataColumn authid = books.Columns.Add(“AuthID”, typeof(Int32));DataColumn[] foreignkey = new DataColumn[] {authid};
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Relational Data and XML Building a DataSet Relation
Add the tables to the DataSet:dataset.Tables.Add (authors);dataset.Tables.Add (books);
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Relational Data and XML Building a DataSet Relation
Add data and save the DataSet:DataRow shkspr = authors.NewRow();shkspr["Name"] = "William Shakespeare";authors.Rows.Add(shkspr);
DataRelation bookauth = new DataRelation("BookAuthors",
authors.PrimaryKey, foreignkey);dataset.Relations.Add (bookauth);
DataRow row = books.NewRow();row["AuthID"] = shkspr["ID"];row["ISBN"] = "1000-XYZ";row["Title"] = "MacBeth";books.Rows.Add(row);
dataset.AcceptChanges();
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Relational Data and XML XML Support in SQL Server 2000
Ability to query SQL Server over HTTP Retrieve XML using SELECT … FOR XML Retrieve XML using XPath queries Write XML data using OPENXML rowset
provider
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Conclusion
Overview Syntax and Structure The XML Alphabet Soup XML in .NET Relational Data and XML
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Resources
http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/ http://www.xml.com/ http://www.w3.org/xml/ Microsoft Press Books
(http://mspress.microsoft.com/) XML Step By Step XML In Action Developing XML Solutions
O’Reilly Press XML In A Nutshell
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Resources
XML in .NEThttp://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/01/01/xml/xml.asp
Working with XML in the .NET Platformhttp://www.xmlmag.com/upload/free/features/xml/2001/05may01/dw0102/dw0102.asp