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X Ray Diffraction Lectures 6-8

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Page 1: X Ray Diffraction

X Ray Diffraction

Lectures 6-8

Page 2: X Ray Diffraction

Bragg Diffraction

Page 3: X Ray Diffraction

Miller Indices

These figures from:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_indexLook up the site and also read this topicFrom a book for better understanding

Page 4: X Ray Diffraction

Diffraction

Page 5: X Ray Diffraction

Silicon

Cu

passivation

diffusionbarrier

Data: Baker, Kretschmann, Arzt, Acta Mat. 49, 2145 (2001)

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

0 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640

Passivated 1.0 µm Cu Film(111) grains(100) grains

Stre

ss (M

Pa)

Temperature (oC)

Stress (MPa)

Page 6: X Ray Diffraction

XRD v/s curvature measurements

Page 7: X Ray Diffraction

Kraft and Nix, J. Appl. Phys., 83 (6), March 1998, p 3035

Page 8: X Ray Diffraction

Welzel et al., J. Appl. Cryst., 38, 2005, p 1-29

Page 9: X Ray Diffraction
Page 10: X Ray Diffraction
Page 11: X Ray Diffraction

http://www.doitpoms.ac.uk/tlplib/fibre_composites/lamina_loading.php?printable=1

Page 12: X Ray Diffraction

X Ray strain measurement (Isotropic)

Page 13: X Ray Diffraction

X Ray strain measurement

Psi angles for <422> family of planesIn (111) oriented film

Page 14: X Ray Diffraction
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Cornella et al. Appl. Phys. Lett.71(20), November 1997, p 2949

Kraft and Nix, J. Appl. Phys.,83 (6), March 1998, p 3035

Page 17: X Ray Diffraction

Grazing Incidence X-Ray Scattering

Penetration of x-raysinto the sample is astrong function ofIncidence angle

Page 18: X Ray Diffraction

From: http://ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/materialscatter/scatter-grazing.html

Page 19: X Ray Diffraction
Page 20: X Ray Diffraction

Grazing Incidence X-Ray Scattering

Page 21: X Ray Diffraction

GIXS measurement (Al film)critical angle = 0.2 degrees

Doerner and Brennan Journal of Applied Physics, 63 p 126 (1988)

Page 22: X Ray Diffraction

PURE AL, 8700 eV

By varying the incident angle, φ, it is possible to sample different depths into thefilm. Thus we can measure the strains at various depths with this technique.

Page 23: X Ray Diffraction

GIXS


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