here as X. dihysterum sp. n. and X. insulanum sp. n. and a single f e d e , whase rnorphomet- rics do not fit with any of the descrihed species, here named Xipbdwemu sp. Their geographic distribution is shawn in fig. 1.

LONGIDORUS LABVXWITATUS W-, 1958 (Figs l aand 2; tables I and 11)

Longidoms IamevIcapitatus h 5 already been reporteci from S A o Tomk (Larnberti et a l , 1987). It seeim i-a he concentrated in the nortiiern part of Sào Toni&, in rhe Monte Café area and at Mil- agrosa. However, a population of L. !aeuicapit#- txs was found in the south at Mateus Sampaio and another at Belavista in ttie Principe island CTahle 1).

The morph{~metrics of two papuiaticins of L. he&apita#as are reported in Table H.

Femalc body as a inore or less open C when killed, cylindrical, tapering gradually towards the extremities. Lip wgian cantinuous with the rest of the body. Arnphidial poud~es slightly bi- lobed. Reprocluctive system ampl~idel phic with equaliy developed branches, ovaria reilexed, vulva slightly antenior to mid-My. Taii conoid with bluntly rounded terminus.

A male was found in the population from S2o Nicwhu. Its measurements are given in Ta- ble 11, since it is the fmt male reported from Af- rica. The only hree rnales h o w n were found h rhe F ~ n c h West Indies (Guaddoupe) by Dd- masso (1967).

Morphometrics of rhe populations of Sao Tomé and Principe generally fit within the

Fig. 5 - F d e of X. ficolum ieft, -or m*; middie, posterior mgion; W, " 2 o@n.

Fig. 7 - X. iongi~aekk.~.,?: top left, femaie antenor region, top àgh~ feilde posleriur regiod; bottoin, male posterior region

Fig. 8 - F m d e of X. setanhe Ieft, anterior region; right, pasterior regian.

TABLE VI1 - Local occumnce wnd host plana qf X. setariae in Tomé and %~LCEM.

Siio Tomé

Mezquita Sào Carlos

Principe

Bela Vista Montalegre Sao Joaquirn (Oeste) Sundi

Peanut (AmcbG bypogcaea L,) Arabic coffee

Banana Cocoa Cocoa Banana

X. setariae senszk Luc 11958), has been re- ulations, h e S3o Toiné and Principe specimens ported only once since its description and agah seem to be smaller in size (2.8-3.2 mrn the froin continental Africa (Heyns and Coomans, populations from continental Africa) and with a 19911. Compared to the type (Luc, 1958) ancl lower value of C' (1.9-2.4 for the populations the Botswana (I-Ieyns ancl Coomans, 1991) pop- from continental Afiica).

The morphometric characters of the popuh- tions from Siio Tomé and Principe seem to be identica1 with those of the qpe gopuIation (Tar- jan, 1%)- Compared with rhe populaton from Mauritius (Heyns and Cmmans, 1431) they are larger in size (1.8-2.3 rnm for the population fmm Mauritius), have slightly anterior vulva (V =

39-45 in the population from Mauritius) and longer odontmtyle (98-113 p in the population from Mauritius). F M y , they are not distinguish- able from those from South Amerim and Asia on tk b i s of measurrimmts.

X C P H I N m DlWkSìZRm sp. n. (Pigs 1, 10 and 11; Table X)

Femle babitus an open C when killed. Bo- dy cyl indrical, tapering very gradually towards

the excremities. Cuticle smooth 3 pm thick at mid-body. Lip regions 5-6 pm high, hemielIip- tical, separated from the rest af rhe hody hy a very shallow depression. Amphids stirrup shaped with wide aperture. Odontostyle 2.5- 2.9 pm in diametkr at its base, odontaphore flanged. Oesophagus basa1 portion enlarged occupying about 1/3 of rhe total oesophagus length, measuring 95-104 pn lang and 23-24 pm wide, containing three nuclei. Oesopha- geal intestina1 valve amarphaus. Reproductive system amphidelphic with the anterior branch, although completely functional, sometimes shorter than the posterior one; vulva slir-like, slighitly pre-equatorial; vagina slightly bent anteriorly, occupying 1/2 corresponding body width; uteri indistinct, no spermarheca o r "2" differentiation visible; ovaries reflexed. Prerec- tum 470-560 p lang; rectiim as long as 1/5

Fig. l 1 - X. diApencm sp. n-: top left, Female anterior regian; top right female posterior region; bottom, male poste- rlor region.

Fig. 13 - X. irisulanum sp n'.: left, kmalc animior regiofi; midrHe, remale posrerfor reiion; i regiun.

ight, male posterior

rounded laterally. Vulva at mid-body, reproduc- matic conditions, and thus it could have been tive system amphidelphic with reflexed ovaries. introduced from the main land or independent- Tail elongate, conoid, straight, with thin ampul- ly evolved locally. liform rerminus, bearing two caudal pores on A single popula~ion of X. brasiliense was each side. found in Principe and a few specimens of X.

It resemhles X. rzigeriense Luc, 1961 and X. ifacolum were detected in two localities in zulu Heyns, 1965. southern Sao Torné. The first might have keen

introduced from Brazil and the second, which again is widespread in the tropics and coinmon

Concluding rernarks in West Africa, might have been introduced from there.

Lungidoms laeviccepitatzks and Xipbinsma X . setari-iae may have been introduced onto kongicaudat.um are the inost common and Sao Tomé and Principe or could have evolved widespread longidorid species in Siio Tome and independently. Principe. The first occurs in inany tropical re- X. uulgare has prohably been intrciduced gions including Africa; therefore its presence in from South America. Sao Tome is not unexpected. The second is Al1 the Xipbinema species are reported for common in West Africa under similar pedocl- the first tirne from 550 Tomk and Principe.