www.inl.gov

I mean: a serious intuitive exploration of a sufficiently realistic(?) electric grid – through virtual microgrid management

A platform to explore technical, economic, social impact of evolution of the electric grid and other infrastructure (eventually)

Questions? Contact Tim McJunkin (timothy.mcjunkin@inl.gov)

GRID GAMESimple Swing Equation Model

IEEE Smart Grid WorkshopMiami, FloridaNovember 2-5, 2015

What we are talking about• Grid Game NOW available FREE

gridgame.ironforidaho.net/download.html– Lower fidelity but sufficient fidelity simulation– Real power/frequency swing equation based simulation driven by

publically available load/generation– Demand response– Energy storage– Multiplayer – interacting through a power exchange market– Cyber-physical attacks --- RED TEAM

• Who’s playing NOW – edutainment and multi[inter]disciplinary initiatives

• Who will be playing—what does the future hold

What’s in the Model/Game

Generators

Loads

FrequencyMeasure

StorageReservePower/Control Storage

Level

More Details

Feedback Loops & Decisions

G

G

G

L

L

L

Measure Frequency

Set Point = 60Hz

Σ−

+

Measured Error

Kp

Multiply by a Gain Adjust InputDemandResponse

Balance ofTypes ofGeneration

Storage

What are the other gains

Measure Frequency

Set Point = 60Hz

Σ−

+

Kp

dt

dE/dt Kd

Ki Σ

Adjust

Adjust based on IntegrationOf error and derivative of errorTo more completely controlThe response(settling time, rise time, overshoot)

Dispatch and Demand Response

Buy/Sell power from/to others.Manage demand response—temporarily turn off customers inExchange for compensation

Manage Assets

Computer Security

What’s in the Game Now• A model emulating a small grid that can run isolated or connected in

multiple player mode• A tool for students to learn basics of:

– Real Power Balance on Frequency of electric grid– Electromechanical nature of the grid– Control and automatic control loops– Demand Response– Effects of balance of generation assets (dispatchable, weather

dependent, storage, etc.)– Inform in an intuitive/fun way – Motivate more study

• Players experience cyber attacks• Economics/markets—a place for interaction with social sciences.

The playing field Why do we need Smart Grids/Resilience

• There’s a desire for more efficiency/reliability, more renewables, inexpensive power with minimum investment.– A Game can educated a workforce, policy makers, and even the

public in general.• Designed with the understanding that anticipated and unanticipated

disturbances will happen– Components will fail or degrade– People will make mistakes– Nature will intervene– Mischief makers will make their mischief

Who’s playing (Thanks)EFFORTS THROUGH THE PAST THREE yeas on the GRIDGAME• Me (IDTTS, ISU adjunct, INL)– the lead game architect• Hash Dump Computer Security Club – Colorado State University• NEW! Jake Gentle (INL) extensions to renewable integration – dynamic line rating to

distributed generation – special thanks to DOE-EERE-WWTPO • Craig Rieger (INL) the ring leader of the mutli-disciplinary community in Resilient

Control Systems in Idaho• Idaho Falls Power / Wind for Schools – making publically available load and hydro-

generation to drive the model• Mike Guryan – Idaho Regional Optical Networks – and supplier of the “sandbox”• University Profs: Brian Johnson (U of Idaho), Lawrence Beaty (ESTEC ISU),

Michael Haney (U of Idaho), John Gardner (BSU), Indrajit Ray (CSU), and a few others….

• INL – Colleague Katya LeBlanc (Cognitive psychology/Human factors)• NEW! Temple University: Aunshul Rege (Criminal Justive)/Saroj Biswas (ECE)• Meridian Technical Charter High School (Boise Idaho Area) Rebecka Torek• Virginia Commonwealth University – Senior Project Students (Prof Milos Manaic)

What have we done with the game• Three years offering a multi-university

broad topic course in resilient controls systems (Control Systems, Cyber Security, Human Factors—Cognitive)

• Idaho State University Tech Expo – Junior High/High School Event

• Grid Game Competition Resilience Week 2014

• Freely available versions• Student senior projects: Simple Java

and Android versions• Poster at ASEE 2015• Temple University – ECE/CJ joint class

– more social sciences combined with engineering

Resilience Week 2014 -- Denver

http://today-archive.colostate.edu/story.aspx?id=10376

Notable Quotes

• “I wish this would have been around when I was an undergraduate,” said Hector Campos (winner of the GridGame Denver 2014), who is earning his doctorate in electrical engineering. “It gives you a sense of what (the grid) is like.”

• “RESISTANCE IS FUTILE” and “FINAL RESILIENCE. CANNOT PERSIST. FLEE.” –Red Team Denver 2014

• “This class provided a big picture of the grid that other classes in the engineering curriculum do not.” –Student 2014 Resilient Controls System Class exit interview.

• “I gotta quit playing Candy Crush.” --Me

Where does this GoWho else needs to be engage

• We have a backlog of great ideas to make the game a richer/broader experience– More realism – control of generation [impacts of multiple control

inputs], reactive power, power flow between grids, coupling of feedstock supply (use of rivers, fossil energy, bio, renewables), better red/blue team components for cyber, power flow, aesthetically compelling design [addictive to 13-80+ year olds alike]

• With enough willing players becomes a venue for informing public, experimenting with policies and effects of degree of penetration of technologies, informing policy decisions based on public sentiment.

• YOU!?!

Power Flow

Red Team/Attackers

Game/ServerPHPMySQL

Offer/buyPowerReport score

HTTP

MG1

MG2MG3

MGn

Current Structure

Send VirusesSpoof Contracts

Grids DefendBy installingSecurity softwareOther actions Future Structure

MG1MG2

MG3

MG4

Existing Transmission

MG3-MG4 construction

Game/ServerPHPMySQL

ACMENuclear

FlowCalc

Put it on the map

• Give grids different characteristics based on location• Provide mechanisms to build transmission lines

– Deal with some of the politics of property rights, environmental, and other policy

Student contributionsMore Critical Infrastructure

Run-off

Run-off

Generated

GeneratedSpilled

Spilled

Even more to come…

20

Virtual Grid for Exploration of Control Rooms• Importance of Stakeholder acceptance of advanced technology• Advance control and utilization of additional data requires a means to

become familiarize without going live• Human factors combined with advancements in data science and

machine interfaces• A major step in grid modernization – enabled by a game?

– With a balance of sufficient fidelity emulation and player driven growth of a larger grid, perhaps…

Thank you/Questions

• Tim McJunkin 208 520 5771

–Timothy.mcjunkin@inl.gov• Grid Game Websites

–Gridgame.inl.gov–Gridgame.ironforidaho.org/

download.html