Authors: Respiratory Health Group Editorial committee: Roger Badia, Communications Committee

PATIENT INFORMATION SHEETS

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Translation: Anna Salvador Illustrations: Elvira Zarza

Asthma

How is asthma diagnosed?Diagnosis is based on the patient's medical history, symptoms and a pulmonary function test called a spirometry. Sometimes, when allergies are suspected, skin tests are performed. To monitor the disease a peak expiratory flow meter (PEFM) may be used

Can asthma be treated?Asthma is a chronic disease but current therapies are very effective in helping to control the symptoms.Asthma medications are not addictive and continuous use does not reduce their effectiveness.Corticosteroids (a.k.a. "cortisone") are the best medication for treating inflammation of the bronchial tubes, and very important for managing the disease. When inhaled, the medicine reaches the lungs directly, works faster andside effects are minimal. No single inhalation system is better than others; you can choose one that is easy and convenient for you. Sometimes you may need to be treated with pills for a few days under medical supervision. Ask your family doctor to write down a personalized plan specifying what treatment you must follow to manage your asthma and what to do in case symptoms worsen (an asthma attack).

Other measures: It is very important not to smoke and to

avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.

At home, avoid exposure to dust and other irritants: insecticides, paint, perfumes, smoke, cold air, etc.

It is best to keep pets with fur or feathers (dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, birds, etc.) out of your home.

Use of humidifiers is not recommended as they can promote the growth of dust mites and mold.

Exercise or do sports. People with asthma can carry out the same activities and play sports like everyone else. Sometimes it may be necessary to use an inhaler before exercising.

What should I do if my asthma gets worse?In case of an asthma attack: if you notice that you are short of breath when you talk or are resting or you breathe more rapidly than usual, use the bronchodilator inhaler you were given for emergencies. If you have a personalized treatment plan, follow the instructions. If you have any questions or if you don't notice any improvement, consult your health care providers (family doctor or nurse practitioner, emergencyservices, etc.).

Asthma is a respiratory disease that is common in both children and adults.The lining of the bronchial airways swells, reducing airflow.This causes a number of asthma symptoms: shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing and chest tightness.