ws2 metadata: describing inspire geospatial...

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Projet part-financépar l’Union

Européenne

M O D U L E II: Metadata. Describing GeoSpatial Data

WS2 METADATA: Describing GeoSpatial Data

Susana Fontano

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Planning

�General concepts about metadata�The use of standards�Items about the creation of metadata�Software�How to create metadata�The ISO19115 Standard Metadata�IDENA Profile�Practical exercises (show the results

with style sheets)

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General Concepts

�There is a real need to document thedata for future use.

�Data without context are not as valuable as documented data.

�There are three principal problems:�Poor knowledge of existing data.�Poorly documented information about the

data.

�Data inconsistencies.

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General Concepts

�Metadata is useful for all data users(city planners, graduate students in geography, forest managers…), butthey also benefit from the creator of thedata by maintaining the value of thedata and assuring their continued use over a number of years.

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General Concepts

�Metadata means “data about data”, and is the term used to describe thesummary information or characteristicsof a set of data.

�Metadata are used not only to describe spatial data, but they can also describe medication, printed maps, librarycatalogues.

�Metadata answer the terms: what, who, where, why, when and how of the data.

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General Concepts

�Benefits of metadata:�MD help users to find the data they need

and determine how best to use it.�MD benefit the data producer

organisation. Not duplication of efforts.

�Nowadays, the organizations starts torecognize the value of this informationand they often begin to look atincorporating the metadata collectionwithin the data management process.

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General Concepts

�There are different levels of metadata:�Discovery metadata

�Exploration metadata�Exploitation metadata

�Each of these purposes requiredifferent levels of information.

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General Concepts�Discovery metadata:

� Is the minimum amount of information.�They have to answer the following questions

(broad categories):� What: title and description� Why: abstract detailing reasons for the data collection

and its uses� When: when the data set was created and the update

cycles, if any.� Who: originator, data supplier� Where: the geographical extent (in coordinates,

geographical names or administrative areas)� How: how it was made and how to access the data.

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General Concepts�These broad categories are only a few in

number to reduce the effort of collectingthe information.

�The level of the metadata detail that willbe documented depends on:�the type of data held�the methods that it is accessing and using�the scope of the data being defined

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General Concepts

�Exploration metadata:�After discovery, more detail is needed

about individual data sets.�Provides sufficient information to ascertain

that data fit for a given purpose.

�Reference some point of contact for more information.

�Include those properties required to allowthe prospective end user to know whetherthe data will meet general requirements ora given problem.

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General Concepts

�Exploitation metadata:�Include those properties required to

access, transfer, load, interpret and applythe data in the end application where it isexploited.

�This class of metadata often includes thedetails of a data dictionary, the data organisation, projection and geometriccharacteristics and other parameters thatare useful in the proper use of thegeospatial data.

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The use of standards�Metadata should be referenced to a

standard.�Why? Because whithout standardization,

meanful comparisons are more difficult toderive.

�Standards have been developed through a consultative process (experts).

�Software programs will be developed toimplement the standard.

�Problem: there are a number of standards in use or development.

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The use of standards�The three main standards are:

�FGDC�CEN�ISO 19115

�The Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

�Adopted in 1994, revised in 1998�FGDC: Federal Geographic Data Committee�U.S., Canada, United Kingdom, Latin

American, Asia...�http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/standards_publ

ications/index_html

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The use of standards

�The CEN Pre-standard�Adopted in 1998�Comité Européen de Normalisation�In 2003 address the development of European

profiles of ISO TC 211 standards.

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The use of standards�The ISO 19115 (International

Standard)�Approved in 2003�ISO TC 211�http://www.iso.ch/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.

CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26020&ICS1=35

�ISO 19139 (Draft Technical Specification), standarises the expression of 19115 metadatausing the Extensible Markup Language (XML) and includes the logical model (UML) derivedfrom ISO 19115. Currently underdevelopment.

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�OpenGeospatial Abstract Specification(OGC: OpenGeospatial Consortium) consider metadata too, and has adopted ISO 19115 as the abstractmodel for metadata managementwithin the consortium.

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�Another standard not specific togeospatial information: Dublin Core�This standard is centraliced around a core

element set.

�DC metadata is specifically intended tosupport general-purpose resourcediscovery.

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Items about creation of metadata�Who?

�The creator of metadata needs to know information about the data in order todocument them.

�Two options: �creator of data = creator of metadata�another person... In this case a good

communication there is necessary betweenthe data producer and the metadata producer.

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Items about creation of metadata�Factors related to the maintainance of

metadata:�the size of the data�the size of an organisation�the patterns of data management

�Principal inconvenients:�It is too hard�Insufficient time

�Solutions:�Consider the interest and availability of the

organisation

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Items about creation of metadata

�Advice:�Minimum metadata (choose the correct level)�Specific software to fill in the metadata (less

time and effort)�Do not invent your own standard

� Use metadata tools� Make your own profile� Interoperability (IDE)

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Items about creation of metadata

�Metadata Format (XML):�Is widely accepted for international software

support (free and commercial)�Is the format to exchange metadata�XML + XSL

� Presentation of metadata for users� Allow change tag names, show only certain fields of

information

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Software�There are several tools to create

metadata with, according to differentstandards.

�Esri metadata editor uses differentstandards (FGDC, ISO19115)

�At national level in Spain there is theCatMdedit (used for the IDEE)

�At a regional and thematic level, different organizations have developedtheir own programmes: MetaD or IME.

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Software�The software we use is CatMdedit, but at the

beginning we used ArcCatalog.�Advantages for our company to use

Catmdedit:� Is the tool used by the IDEE (more

interoperability and the same advancement)� Implements the last version of the ISO19115

standard�Has thesaurus implemented�Has the majority of the ISO19115 metadata

elements�Has the IDEE profile (similar to us)

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How to create metadata

�Process:�Define exactly what data is to be

documented.�Assemble information about the data.

�Create a digital file (xml) containing theinformation (with an appropiate software).

�Review the content of the metadata.

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How to create metadata�Some years ago our organization

realized the importance of metadata…We had lots of data, and almost no information about theirs!!!

�The beginning:�Make a list of all data in the GIS

department (SITNA)�Establish methodology�Establish the standards and profile to use�Complete the metadata we know�Invest in the metadata we do not know

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How to create metadata�The dificulties:

�Establish our profile of metadata: it wasnot as easy as we thought.

�Invest in metadata we don´t know: sometimes nobody remembers about theorigin of data, or about their process ofconstruction and, in some cases, we do not know the propieter!

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How to create metadata�The results:

�The beginning was difficult, a lot ofprevious tasks.

�Now we have all our data documented.

�The medatada are maintained regularly.�When new data is introduced in some

systems (SITNA, IDENA, IDEPAMPLONA), we create the medatadainmediatly.

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The ISO19115 Metadata Standard

�Principal metadata standard of Europe.�It consists of 300 metadata elements�ISO Core is the nucleus (most

important metadata)�It is possible to create profiles (to

satisfy the organizational needs).

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IDENA Profile

�This is based in the NEM (Spanishnucleus of metadata).

�To assemble the most importantmetadata for our organization.

�The need to establish profiles (300 elements in ISO19115 standard, 42 in IDENA profile).

�It is used for IDEPamplona too.

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IDENA Profile

�Consists of:�Core ISO (ISO19115)

�Dublin Core�Quality elements

�NEM Additional elements�IDENA Additional elements

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IDENA Profile�Core ISO (22 elements = 7 mandatory

and 15 opcional)� Dataset title (M)� Dataset reference date(M)� Reference system(O) � Dataset responsible party(O) � Lineage(O) � Geographic location of the dataset (by four coordinates or by geographic identifier) (C)� On-line resource (O)� Dataset language (M) � Dataset character set(C) � Dataset topic category (M) � Spatial resolution of the dataset (O) � Abstract describing the dataset (M) � Distribution format (O) � Additional extent information for the dataset (vertical and temporal) (O)� Spatial representation type (O)� Metadata date stamp (M)� Metadata file identifier (O)� Metadata standard name (O)� Metadata standard version(O)� Metadata language (C)� Metadata character set (C)� Metadata point of contact (M)

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IDENA Profile

�Dublin Core elements (4):�Contributor

�Relation�Rights management

�Type

�NEM additional elements (4):�Keywords (theme and place)�Type of presentation

�Use�Purpose

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IDENA Profile

�Quality elements (3-6):�Statement�Hierarchical level�Type of quality control

�IDENA aditional elements:�Alternative title�Father identifier�Frequency of maintenance�State�Suplementary information�Distribution information

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IDENA Profile

22 ISO Core elements

4 Dublin Core elements

6 Quality elements

4 NEM Additional elements

6 IDENA Additional elements

•Alternative title

•Father identifier

•Frequency of maintenance/update

•State

•Suplementary information

•Distribution

NEMNEM

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IDENA Profile

ISO CoreDublin Core

Quality

AdditionalElements

IDENA PROFILE(NEM + Additional Elements)

NEM

ISO19115

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Practical exercise

�ArcCatalog metadata editor

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Practical exercise

�CatMdedit

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Practical exercise

�We are going to create three metadatafiles:�Ortophotography of Navarre

�Health zonning�Hydrography network

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Practical exercise

MetadataMetadata

RepositoryRepositoryXMLCatMdEdit

MetadataMetadata AdministratorAdministrator

XSL

ArcCatalog

Conversion

Documents

(HTML)

IDENA profile

O.G.C.

CatalogueCatalogue

MetadataMetadata SearchSearch