World War IWorld War I

US History SarazinUS History Sarazin

Underlying CausesUnderlying Causes

Militarism policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war

Alliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another

Imperialism policy by which one country takes control of the economic and political affairs of another country

Nationalism pride in or devotion to ones country

Militarism policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war

Alliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another

Imperialism policy by which one country takes control of the economic and political affairs of another country

Nationalism pride in or devotion to ones country

Secret AlliancesSecret Alliances

Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente: France, Russia, Great Britain

War in the Balkans: Serbia fighting for independence and Russia Backs Serbia

France and German Relations were sour since 1871 - both planned for war

Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente: France, Russia, Great Britain

War in the Balkans: Serbia fighting for independence and Russia Backs Serbia

France and German Relations were sour since 1871 - both planned for war

The SparkThe Spark

Austrian prince Frances Ferdinand was assassinated in April of 1914 by a Serbian radical group “The Black hand”

He and his wife were gunned down in their automobile

This action set a massive round up of Serbs and triggered war in the Balkans. Russia back Serbia and Germany backs Austria Hungary

Austrian prince Frances Ferdinand was assassinated in April of 1914 by a Serbian radical group “The Black hand”

He and his wife were gunned down in their automobile

This action set a massive round up of Serbs and triggered war in the Balkans. Russia back Serbia and Germany backs Austria Hungary

The Schlieffen PlanThe Schlieffen Plan

All sides had plans for war anticipating the conflict

Germany Schlieffen Plan called for a quick (5 week) defeat of France and then turn towards a slower mobilizing Russia.

All sides had plans for war anticipating the conflict

Germany Schlieffen Plan called for a quick (5 week) defeat of France and then turn towards a slower mobilizing Russia.

LeadershipLeadership

Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm IIUnited States: Woodrow WilsonRussia: Czar Nicholas IIRussia: Vladimir Lenin (Revolution)

John J Pershing (US General)

Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm IIUnited States: Woodrow WilsonRussia: Czar Nicholas IIRussia: Vladimir Lenin (Revolution)

John J Pershing (US General)

The Continent at WarThe Continent at War

Germany combines with Prussia and takes imperial colonies like Czech.

Germany mobilizes its army and marches on neutral Belgium. It was a slaughter (new Weapons)

When Germany continues to threaten France they declare war on Germany and Austria Hungary.

Germany combines with Prussia and takes imperial colonies like Czech.

Germany mobilizes its army and marches on neutral Belgium. It was a slaughter (new Weapons)

When Germany continues to threaten France they declare war on Germany and Austria Hungary.

World War I Map (1914-1917)

World War I Map (1914-1917)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tzin0L3yNzk

Please label countries on the back of map who fought in the War on Allied Powers, Central Powers, and Neautral

Note Italy switching sides and Ottoman Turks joining central powers.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tzin0L3yNzk

Please label countries on the back of map who fought in the War on Allied Powers, Central Powers, and Neautral

Note Italy switching sides and Ottoman Turks joining central powers.

Battles are horribleBattles are horrible

The war would have 10 million battle casualties and an estimated 20 million people died from indirect consequences.

The Battle of the Marne saw 500,000 casualties.

The war would have 10 million battle casualties and an estimated 20 million people died from indirect consequences.

The Battle of the Marne saw 500,000 casualties.

Battles ContinuedBattles Continued

In August of 1914 a British Volunteer needed to be 5’8” in August.

By October 5’5” and then they suffered 40,000 casualties

By December 5’3”In the first 3 months of war nearly the

entire British Army was wiped out.

In August of 1914 a British Volunteer needed to be 5’8” in August.

By October 5’5” and then they suffered 40,000 casualties

By December 5’3”In the first 3 months of war nearly the

entire British Army was wiped out.

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

A stalemate existed as trench warfare developed as each side would push forward and then back as the corpses piled up

The battle of Verdun (1916) the Allies lost 600,000 men. One division had 1,000 men and came back with 83

A stalemate existed as trench warfare developed as each side would push forward and then back as the corpses piled up

The battle of Verdun (1916) the Allies lost 600,000 men. One division had 1,000 men and came back with 83

BattlesBattles

In July 1916, British General Douglas Haig ordered eleven divisions to climb out of their trenches.

6 German divisions opened up their machine guns and of the 110,000 who attacked 20,000 killed and 40,000 wounded leaving ghostly images in “No mans Land”

In the end the allies lost 400,000 men and gained 5 miles of territory

In July 1916, British General Douglas Haig ordered eleven divisions to climb out of their trenches.

6 German divisions opened up their machine guns and of the 110,000 who attacked 20,000 killed and 40,000 wounded leaving ghostly images in “No mans Land”

In the end the allies lost 400,000 men and gained 5 miles of territory

New WeaponsNew Weapons

Poison gasTanksLarge Scale CannonU-BoatsFlamethrowers!!!!!Machine GunsAirplane

The United States is Needed

The United States is Needed

President Wilson promised the American people Neutrality

“There is such thing as a nation being too proud to fight”

The Germans announce unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Was the US actually neutral?

President Wilson promised the American people Neutrality

“There is such thing as a nation being too proud to fight”

The Germans announce unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Was the US actually neutral?

The Lusitania The Lusitania

In 1915 the Lusitania is sunk by German U-Boats in 18 minutes killing 1,198 people (124 Americans)

The United States and Great Britain changed the cargo manifests

In actuality she was heavily armed with thousands of cases of ammunition.

The war had become big business for the United States

The Sussex Pledge - Declaration to continue

In 1915 the Lusitania is sunk by German U-Boats in 18 minutes killing 1,198 people (124 Americans)

The United States and Great Britain changed the cargo manifests

In actuality she was heavily armed with thousands of cases of ammunition.

The war had become big business for the United States

The Sussex Pledge - Declaration to continue

The Zimmmerman NoteThe Zimmmerman Note

The US did not directly get involved with incidents like the sinking of the Lusitania (1915) but it did impact public opinion.

The Germans declaration of unresticted warfare had an affect but the Zimmerman note put it over the edge.

Complete decoding activity

The US did not directly get involved with incidents like the sinking of the Lusitania (1915) but it did impact public opinion.

The Germans declaration of unresticted warfare had an affect but the Zimmerman note put it over the edge.

Complete decoding activity

The Zimmerman NoteThe Zimmerman Note

The Zimmerman Note suggested a possible alliance between Mexico and Germany.

The connection to the western hemisphere was enough to make the US realize we were not going to stay out of this one.

Much like the Spanish American War though this was not a bad thing

“War is the health of the state”

The Zimmerman Note suggested a possible alliance between Mexico and Germany.

The connection to the western hemisphere was enough to make the US realize we were not going to stay out of this one.

Much like the Spanish American War though this was not a bad thing

“War is the health of the state”

The DraftThe Draft

• The initial response by Americans was only about 73,000 enlisted and 1 million soldiers were needed.

• Congress passes the draft and push a drastic propaganda campaign.

• See example of propaganda posters in the US Powerpoint.

• Your thoughts on the draft? Then and now?

• The initial response by Americans was only about 73,000 enlisted and 1 million soldiers were needed.

• Congress passes the draft and push a drastic propaganda campaign.

• See example of propaganda posters in the US Powerpoint.

• Your thoughts on the draft? Then and now?

The US Changes the tideThe US Changes the tide

The US commits 1 million Dough Boys to combat and with both sides depleted this was enough to swing the balance of power

Even with the Soviets backing out of the war in 1917 with their own revolution the Germans were not able to overcome the added strength of the US

The US commits 1 million Dough Boys to combat and with both sides depleted this was enough to swing the balance of power

Even with the Soviets backing out of the war in 1917 with their own revolution the Germans were not able to overcome the added strength of the US

The Espionage Act (1917)The Espionage Act (1917)

The Espionage Act - would think it was on spying by title but also provided penalties of up to 20 years in prison for all of the following:

Shall willfully cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty in military or navel forces of the United States.

The Espionage Act - would think it was on spying by title but also provided penalties of up to 20 years in prison for all of the following:

Shall willfully cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty in military or navel forces of the United States.

People ArrestedPeople Arrested

Charles Schenck arrested for distributing 15,000 leaflets against the draft and the war. (sentence: 6 months)

Is he protected by the 1st amendmentRead the fire example and does this fit

war?

Charles Schenck arrested for distributing 15,000 leaflets against the draft and the war. (sentence: 6 months)

Is he protected by the 1st amendmentRead the fire example and does this fit

war?

Eugene DebsEugene Debs

Eugene Debs was a great orator and spoke out publicly against the war

“war has been waged for conquest and plunder…and that is war in a nutshell. The master class has declared the wars and the subject class fights them”

He was arrested because people of draft age were in the audience and that was obstructing them from service. He was convicted to 10 years in prison and not pardoned until 1921

Eugene Debs was a great orator and spoke out publicly against the war

“war has been waged for conquest and plunder…and that is war in a nutshell. The master class has declared the wars and the subject class fights them”

He was arrested because people of draft age were in the audience and that was obstructing them from service. He was convicted to 10 years in prison and not pardoned until 1921

DebateDebate

A government needs to silence dissent when it is at war. Consider the following when defending or disagreeing with the resolution: purpose of war; quantity and quality of dissent; method of expression of dissent; threat to government’s war aims; threat to lives of soldiers; threat to civil rights to the future - relate to the passage of the patriot act today.

A government needs to silence dissent when it is at war. Consider the following when defending or disagreeing with the resolution: purpose of war; quantity and quality of dissent; method of expression of dissent; threat to government’s war aims; threat to lives of soldiers; threat to civil rights to the future - relate to the passage of the patriot act today.