world of knowledge #2

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AUSTRALIA

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AUSTRALIA’SSHOCKING SECRETS

AUSTRALIA’SSHOCKING SECRET

AUSTRALIA’SSHOCKING SECRETS

AUSTRALIA’SSHOCKING SECRET

NaturerOcKEt prOpEllEdpEngUinS

ScieNcehOW BlAcK hOlES EAt gAlAxiES

techNologyiS thiS WArShip indEStrUctiBlE?

plUS!What iPhones really costLife after death explored

How painful are snake bites? ...and upside-down monks

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government ufo files

rudd’s war with

chinamystery spy base

outback nuclear

disasters

PP100009783

WOKp000_COV - 1 2013-04-10T13:59:33+10:00

How big is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?

Is your life run by hidden computer programs?

PAGE

60

How does it feel to be bitten by a venomous snake?

Why are these monks hanging upside-down?

PAGE

66

PAGE

46

44

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R E G U L A R S

06 PHOTO STORIES Fascinating pictures.

84 LAB TEST: IPHONE 5 We calculate its real value.

88 GADGETS: 3D PRINTERS How do they actually work? Will they change the world?

90 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Astonishing facts from science, technology and everyday life.

96 AND FINALLY… Sea otters: furry, resourceful, and prone to the odd nap.

S C I E N C E

T E C H N O L O G Y

N A T U R E

H I S T O R Y

W O R L D E V E N T S

T H E H U M A N B O D Y

12 THE BIGGEST HOLE IN THE UNIVERSE ON THE COVER Astronomers have discovered a supermassive black hole that is an astonishing 17 billion times the mass of our Sun.

46 PLASTIC OCEAN The Paci� c Garbage Patch is a � oating rubbish mound the size of New South Wales and South Australia put together, and kills countless wildlife. But radical plans are underway to eradicate it.

60 HOW PROGRAMMED IS MY LIFE? Algorithms run every part of our lives, from the lift that gets you to your of� ce, to the traf� c lights ruining your journey home.

26 THE INCREDIBLE LIFE OF PENGUINS ON THE COVER How these amazing creatures turn themselves into underwater rockets, and survive the world’s coldest conditions.

66 BITTEN! WHAT NEXT? Just how painful is a bite from a poisonous snake? Photojournalist Mark Laita survived to tell the tale. Others weren’t so lucky.

18 AUSTRALIA’S SHOCKING SECRETS ON THE COVER Fascinating tales from the nation’s classi� ed historical � les: from secret spy bases to new evidence on the real � rst settlers.

80 HOW DOES IT FEEL TO SAVE THE LIFE OF A KILLER? Drug wars continue to rage in Mexico. The hospital in one city even has armed guards to protect staff as they battle to save lives.

54 HOW MANY SLAVES WORK FOR ME? A new website calculates how much slave labour has been used to help us live our lives. Five volunteers tried it: the results shocked.

34 IS THERE A WORLD BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH? A look at near-death experiences, plus how a neurologist has managed to communicate with a coma patient.

Can dead brains be

brought back to life?

JUNE 2013

76 IS THIS SHIP REALLY INDESTRUCTIBLE? ON THE COVER The $13 billion USS Zumwalt is the biggest, deadliest, most modern warship on the planet. But is it unbreakable?

PAGE

34

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HISTORY

RUDD’S PLANS

FOR CHINESE

INVASION

OUTBACK NUCLEAR DISASTERS

DESERT

SPY BASE

CLASSIFIED

UFO FILESWORLD WAR TWO MUTINY

THE REAL FIRST SETTLERS

AUSTRALIA’S MOST SHOCKING

18

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F rom the surrounding hills, its white golf-ball domes can be seen popping out the red desert fl oor, shielding powerful satellite antennas beneath. Under horizon-touching skies, armed guards patrol the double-layered fencing that

forms a protective boundary around the base. On the desolate stretch of outback highway leading to the gates, a sign gives warning to any potential snoopers: ‘No through road. Joint Defence Facility Pine Gap. Prohibited Area. Turn around now’.

You’d be wise to heed the advice. For more than 40 years, Pine Gap has squatted strangely in the empty plains of the Northern Territory, used as a top-secret satellite tracking station by the United States’ most clandestine division, the National Security Agency, as they keep tabs on their ‘enemies’ around the globe.

And it’s one of the many mysterious places, events and stories that World of Knowledge has dug up from Australia’s history fi les. From cover-ups about the real fi rst settlers on these shores to Kevin Rudd’s confi dential plans for war with China, we lift the lid on the secrets they’d rather you didn’t know… >

‘MASTER

RACE’

MOVEMENT

CLASSIFIED

UFO FILESWorld of Knowledge delves into the nation’s classifi ed fi les to reveal the events, documents and alternative histories they didn’t want you to know about

AUSTRALIA’S MOST SHOCKING SECRETS

MOVEMENT

19


LEVELS OF SECRECYAnyone can view Pine Gap on

Google Earth, but beneath the

domes and outbuildings, it’s

believed the base contains 12

underground levels, with long

tunnels laid out in a similar pattern

to wheel spokes extending several

kilometers under the desert.

CASE# 1863CASE# 1863CASE# 1863CASE# 1863

MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK MYSTERY OUTBACK

SPY CENTREMYSTERY OUTBACK

SPY CENTREMYSTERY OUTBACK

The vast, deserted expanses of the Northern Territory are perfect

breeding grounds for mystery; none more so than the outback’s

Pine Gap facility, located 18 kilometres from Alice Springs.

Although offi cially a joint operation between the Australian and

American governments, Pine Gap is staffed mainly by agents from the

United States’ shadowy National Security Agency (NSA). Their job?

To intercept information from communication satellites and monitor

developments in other nations’ weapons systems, especially the

stockpiling of nuclear and ballistic missiles.

Built in 1970, when it originally housed 400 migrating spies and their

families, the base has grown in size ever since, most notably after the

Cold War. It now has 1000 staff, all of whom live on the base.

The middle of the Australian desert may seem like an odd place to

send your highest-clearance spies, but the area is of immense strategic

importance to the Americans: from here, they can track their own

satellites as they pass over a third of the globe, eavesdropping on China,

parts of Russia and the oil-producing Arab nations. It’s the only prohibited

airspace in Australia, up to a height of 5500 metres.

Based on the testimonies of former American technical spy David

Rosenburg, who worked at Pine Gap from 1990-2008, analysts sit on

a dimly lit operations fl oor, listening in on ‘hot spots’ of military interest,

which over the years have included the 1998 Kosovo confl ict, keeping tabs

which over the years have included the 1998 Kosovo confl ict, keeping tabs

on North Korea’s nuclear threat and even hunting for Osama bin Laden.




SKY’S THE LIMITStrange, gigantic ‘golf balls’ at Pine Gap – known as ‘randomes’ – protect antennae beneath.

exists in present-day Aboriginals from Australia’s north-west region, aiming to pin point exactly when it entered the family bloodline.

aiming to pin point exactly when it entered the family bloodline.

LEVELS OF SECRECY

US spy satellites listen in on

activity in China and Russia

20


CASE# 2382CASE# 2382CASE# 2382CASE# 2382CASE# 2382CASE# 2382

COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER FIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERSFIRST SETTLERS

COVER-UP OVER FIRST SETTLERS

COVER-UP OVER COVER-UP OVER FIRST SETTLERS







COVER-UP OVER It’s widely accepted that the European sailors arrived into our

It’s widely accepted that the European sailors arrived into our

It’s widely accepted that the European sailors arrived into our waters around 1606. The fi rst ship to chart the coasts of this

waters around 1606. The fi rst ship to chart the coasts of this

waters around 1606. The fi rst ship to chart the coasts of this

waters around 1606. The fi rst ship to chart the coasts of this ‘undiscovered’ land, and have its crew make contact with the Aboriginal

‘undiscovered’ land, and have its crew make contact with the Aboriginal




‘undiscovered’ land, and have its crew make contact with the Aboriginal people, was the Duyfken, captained by Dutchman Willem Janszoon.

people, was the Duyfken, captained by Dutchman Willem Janszoon.




people, was the Duyfken, captained by Dutchman Willem Janszoon. What’s not so well known is evidence of at least four Dutch

What’s not so well known is evidence of at least four Dutch




What’s not so well known is evidence of at least four Dutch shipwrecks off Australia’s north-west coast, dated between

shipwrecks off Australia’s north-west coast, dated between




shipwrecks off Australia’s north-west coast, dated between one and two centuries before James Cook’s fi rst endeavours, and

one and two centuries before James Cook’s fi rst endeavours, and




one and two centuries before James Cook’s fi rst endeavours, and that hundreds of Europeans are believed to have made it to shore

that hundreds of Europeans are believed to have made it to shore




that hundreds of Europeans are believed to have made it to shore and settled with Aboriginal tribes. They also married with the

and settled with Aboriginal tribes. They also married with the




and settled with Aboriginal tribes. They also married with the local people and had children that grew up as indigenous but

local people and had children that grew up as indigenous but




local people and had children that grew up as indigenous but had discernible European features. had discernible European features. had discernible European features. had discernible European features. had discernible European features. had discernible European features. In 1848, the explorer A.C. Gregory wrote in his journal that

In 1848, the explorer A.C. Gregory wrote in his journal that




In 1848, the explorer A.C. Gregory wrote in his journal that he had travelled through the area where the Dutchmen had

he had travelled through the area where the Dutchmen had




he had travelled through the area where the Dutchmen had landed and found a tribe whose skin tone differed from the average

landed and found a tribe whose skin tone differed from the average




landed and found a tribe whose skin tone differed from the average indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper indigenous tribe. In 1834, English newspaper The Leeds Mercuryreported that an English expedition to Australia in 1832 had

reported that an English expedition to Australia in 1832 had





reported that an English expedition to Australia in 1832 had discovered around 300 white people, descendants of Dutch

discovered around 300 white people, descendants of Dutch






discovered around 300 white people, descendants of Dutch survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. survivors from shipwrecks of the late 1600s. As food and resources became scarce, it’s believed the settlers

As food and resources became scarce, it’s believed the settlers




As food and resources became scarce, it’s believed the settlers explored the continent further. Now researchers are using state-of-

explored the continent further. Now researchers are using state-of-




explored the continent further. Now researchers are using state-of-the-art DNA sampling techniques to see whether European DNA

the-art DNA sampling techniques to see whether European DNA





the-art DNA sampling techniques to see whether European DNA exists in present-day Aboriginals from Australia’s north-west region,

exists in present-day Aboriginals from Australia’s north-west region,







exists in present-day Aboriginals from Australia’s north-west region, aiming to pin point exactly when it entered the family bloodline.















CASE# 3011CASE# 3011

MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S ‘MASTER RACE’ ‘MASTER RACE’

MELBOURNE’S ‘MASTER RACE’

MELBOURNE’S MELBOURNE’S ‘MASTER RACE’

MELBOURNE’S

PLANSPLANSPLANS‘MASTER RACE’ PLANS‘MASTER RACE’ ‘MASTER RACE’ PLANS‘MASTER RACE’

Eugenics – the science of improving the genetics of a population – is now seen as a dark chapter in mankind’s history, but in the fi rst

part of the 20th century, the movement was supported by most Western

part of the 20th century, the movement was supported by most Western

part of the 20th century, the movement was supported by most Western governments. Some of the world’s most respected thinkers, such as

governments. Some of the world’s most respected thinkers, such as

governments. Some of the world’s most respected thinkers, such as British wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the economist

British wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the economist

British wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the economist John Maynard Keynes, were followers of an ideology that believed in the

John Maynard Keynes, were followers of an ideology that believed in the

John Maynard Keynes, were followers of an ideology that believed in the sterilisation of ‘lesser’ members of society. Adolf Hitler wove eugenic

sterilisation of ‘lesser’ members of society. Adolf Hitler wove eugenic

sterilisation of ‘lesser’ members of society. Adolf Hitler wove eugenic ideas into ideas into ideas into Mein Kampf and later into Nazi Party thinking. Australia

Mein Kampf and later into Nazi Party thinking. Australia

Mein Kampfwasn’t immune, and had its own eugenic stronghold in Melbourne,

wasn’t immune, and had its own eugenic stronghold in Melbourne,

wasn’t immune, and had its own eugenic stronghold in Melbourne, spearheaded by among others Richard Berry, Professor of Anatomy

spearheaded by among others Richard Berry, Professor of Anatomy

spearheaded by among others Richard Berry, Professor of Anatomy at Melbourne University from 1903 to 1929. Through his friend and

at Melbourne University from 1903 to 1929. Through his friend and

at Melbourne University from 1903 to 1929. Through his friend and state Premier Stanley Argyle, Berry helped push through three Mental

state Premier Stanley Argyle, Berry helped push through three Mental

state Premier Stanley Argyle, Berry helped push through three Mental Defi ciency Bills, which sought to institutionalise and sterilise ‘inferior’

Defi ciency Bills, which sought to institutionalise and sterilise ‘inferior’

Defi ciency Bills, which sought to institutionalise and sterilise ‘inferior’ groups, including Aboriginals, slum dwellers, homosexuals, prostitutes,

groups, including Aboriginals, slum dwellers, homosexuals, prostitutes,

groups, including Aboriginals, slum dwellers, homosexuals, prostitutes, and people with small heads and with low IQs. After two failed attempts, the Bill was unanimously passed in 1939, but not put into practice because of the outbreak of World War Two and, later, due to the atrocities of the Holocaust. Berry’s Eugenics Society of Victoria operated until 1961, and Melbourne University still has a building bearing his name.

until 1961, and Melbourne University still has a building bearing his name.

Eugenics – the science of improving the genetics of a population – is now seen as a dark chapter in mankind’s history, but in the fi rst

part of the 20th century, the movement was supported by most Western John Maynard Keynes, were followers of an ideology that believed in the

groups, including Aboriginals, slum dwellers, homosexuals, prostitutes, practice because of the outbreak of World War Two and, later, due to the

Hitler-style ‘master race’ theories

were supported in Australia

21

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THE INCREDIBLE LIFE OF

PENGUINSPENGUINS� There are 17 species of penguin in the world – and they’re a resourceful lot. From the ingenious way they keep themselves warm to a sophisticated hunting strategy, these canny ocean-dwellers never fail to astound wildlife experts

UNDERWATER ENGINEAir bubbles trapped in the birds’ feathers can accelerate them to 40km/h in small bursts.

HOW DO PENGUINS USE ROCKET PROPULSION UNDERWATER?Have you ever watched a dog trying to climb out of a pool? It looks pretty tiring but, luckily for the dog, it has powerful front legs and the pool edge is almost at the same level as the water surface. Emperor penguins have completely different challenges to meet. The birds, which can weigh up to 40kg, cannot simply heave themselves out of the water with their short legs or their wings. To make matters more diffi cult, ice rarely sticks out of the water at right angles. So how do they succeed in jumping onto an ice sheet projecting a metre out of the water? Well, by analysing super slow-motion underwater shots, researchers have now discovered that emperor penguins have a great speed trick: they wrap their bodies in a cloak of air bubbles, a technique also used to speed the movement of torpedoes through water. The trick has three stages: fi rst, when on land, the birds raise their feathers to stock their plumage with air, then dive underwater. As they descend, the water pressure increases, decreasing the volume of trapped air. The birds then depress their feathers around this new, reduced air volume. When they move up towards the water surface again, the pressure reduces and the air in the plumage expands, pouring through the feathers. This acts as a kind of lubricant, reducing drag through the water and enabling the birds to reach lift-off speeds and explode from the water onto the ice. The air bubbles which trail behind the birds in this photo come from their plumage, then, rather than their lungs, as previously thought.

NATURE

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INTO THE DEEPA penguin’s dive lasts just under six minutes on average and comprises 237 wing beats.

ASCENT TO POWEREmperor penguins shoot out of the water so quickly that they can land on ice sheets up to a metre high.

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NATURE

BITTEN!WHAT NEXT?� Snake venom can dissolve human tissue in minutes, paralyse the brain’s respiratory centre and cause hallucinations. But when exactly does a snake bite become a death sentence?

INTERNAL BLEEDING AND TISSUE LOSSThe basilisk rattlesnake, found only in Mexico, can grow as long as two metres and belongs to the family of pit vipers. Also known as a Mexican green rattler, the snake is easily identifi ed by two heat-sensing pits on either side of its head that it uses to locate prey. If you come across one it will probably try to scare you with its rattle fi rst; bites are administered only as a last resort. This snake’s venom is so potent that internal bleeding can lead to the loss of the affected limb. Damage to nerves, muscles and skin is so extensive that – without the proper antivenin – amputation is your only option.

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15 HOURS TO RESPIRATORY FAILUREThe coral snake’s name is a bit deceptive. Rather than fi nding them underwater lurking in the reefs, these reclusive reptiles make their homes in forests and swamps. There are 80 different species of coral snake across North and South America. The neurotoxins found in their venom are so potent that it only takes a few hours for the breathing muscles to be completely paralysed. Without an antivenin, respiratory failure sets in after just 13 to 15 hours.

6767


WHAT HAPPENS WHEN

A BLACK MAMBA BITES?

Over a

two-yea

r peri

od, Mark

Laita

photograp

hed m

ore

than

100 sn

akes

, cap

turin

g thes

e dea

dly beautie

s on a

simple

black b

ackg

round. Then

last

year, a

fter w

orking

for two yea

rs with

out incid

ent, a

black m

amba m

anag

ed

to dig its

fangs in

to La

ita’s l

ower leg

. Amaz

ingly, La

ita

(above

) say

s he d

idn’t rea

lise h

e’d ca

ptured

the m

oment

on fi lm until

later

on that

day w

hen he w

as ed

iting his

imag

es. B

ut how did he m

anag

e to su

rvive

? Afte

r all,

black

mambas

are o

ne of t

he most

venomous l

and sn

akes

in

the w

orld an

d usuall

y relea

se betw

een 10

0 and 400mg

of dea

dly neuroto

xins w

ith ev

ery bite

– an

amount

that

would normall

y bring your r

espira

tory sy

stem to

a complet

e sto

p in under

half an

hour. Luck

ily fo

r the

Detroit-

born snap

per, th

e snak

e administ

ered w

hat’s

known as

a “d

ry” bite

, where

venom is

not injec

ted. L

aita

was le

ft with

just

four small

puncture

marks t

o remem

ber

the i

nciden

t by –

plus the p

icture

on the r

ight, of c

ourse.

Sometimes

even

the b

iggest k

illers

can sh

ow merc

y.

A COCKTAIL OF AGONYIf you’re unlucky enough to get on the wrong side of a bamboo pit viper, you are in for some serious pain. Your arm would look like it was about to explode, and the skin would turn black almost immediately. The venom cocktail served up by this metre-long south-east Asian snake is quite complex. Its main ingredients attack tissue – in fact, victims usually die from necrosis, the premature death of muscle tissue. On the upside, the snakes do not produce enough venom to kill a fully-grown human.

68


STEALING BLOOD WITH A BITEThe African rhinoceros viper is one of the most colourful species in the snake kingdom. But the snake’s beauty hides a deadly intent: if threatened, it can inject up to 200mg of venom into your system, with dire consequences for both blood and tissue. The bite of the rhinoceros viper is almost always fatal. Within minutes the bite site swells, bringing blisters and excruciating pain. There is so much blood rushing to the swollen area that victims go into a state of shock from the lack of blood – and that can lead to cardiac arrest.

69


INDESTRUCTIBLE?INDESTRUCTIBLE?� Due to be handed over to the US Navy later this year, the USS Zumwalt has been labelled the most modern warship in the world. It’s deadlier, larger and more robust than anything else in its class, though its development has not been without controversy

IS THIS SHIP REALLY

CUTTING-EDGE DESIGN At 183 metres long and 25 metres wide, the USA’s new destroyers are bigger than their predecessors. But at 8.4 metres, the draught – the depth of water needed for the ship to fl oat – is a metre deeper. The reason for this is the new hull design, which is narrower at the deck than at the waterline. Naval architect Ken Brower has raised concerns that the vessel would be unable to recover in the event of being overturned due to the unusual centre of gravity.

development has not been without controversy

LOCK AND LOAD The ship’s hull is full of ultra-modern technology. An 80-cell vertical surface-to-surface missile launching system, capable of fi ring Tomahawk cruise missiles at targets up to 2400 kilometres away, is built into the sides of the deck. Integrated into the ship’s bow, meanwhile, is a dual-band sonar system to detect enemy mines and submarines.

CUTTING-EDGE DESIGN 183 metres long and 25 metres wide, the USA’s new destroyers are bigger than their predecessors. But at 8.4 metres, the draught – the depth of water needed for the ship to fl oat – is a metre deeper. The reason for this is the new hull design,

TECHNOLOGY

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INDESTRUCTIBLE?

This warship is the pride of the US Navy – and part of one of the most controversial military projects in history. Three of these new destroyers are being built under tight security at the Bath Iron Works shipyard

in Maine, USA. The development stage alone cost a staggering $13 billion, while it will cost a further eight billion dollars to actually build the USS Zumwalt (which lends its name to the class), the USS Michael Monsoor and the USS Lyndon B. Johnson. Although the ships aren’t expected to be operational until 2016, their mission is already clear: to demonstrate the superiority of the USA in the Asia Pacifi c region and to counter potential missile threats from North Korea and Iran. But is this high-tech wonder equal to the challenge?

China presented its fi rst aircraft carrier to the world at the end of last year. Within two years, Chinese submarines could be equipped with nuclear weapons. This is a new threat that the US does not want to leave unanswered. By 2020, 60% of the country’s fl eet is

expected to be based in the Asia Pacifi c region. In the vanguard will be the three Zumwalt-class ships – the most sophisticated warship afl oat and, according to the brains behind the project, nigh-on unsinkable. The ship’s design seems tailor-made for the shallow seas between Australia and the Asian mainland. Despite being larger than the US Navy’s current Arleigh Burke-class destroyers, the top speed of the Zumwalt class is roughly the same at 30 knots. Added to this is a superior manoeuvring capability and an arsenal that will make any rival vessel look like a rubber dinghy in comparison.

At the heart of the destroyer lies an 80-cell vertical missile launch system, housing cruise and anti-aircraft missiles with a range of up to 2400. This would be enough to destroy large parts of a potential enemy’s infrastructure and logistics with the fi rst strike. Indeed, the combined store of cruise missiles for the three ships is not far off the ordnance that the US unleashed during Operation Desert Storm in the Second Gulf War. >

POWERED UP The US Navy’s newest ship is named after Admiral Elmo R. Zumwalt, the World War II and Vietnam War veteran. It will be powered by two Rolls-Royce MT30 engines producing an output of up to 35 megawatts – enough to power a small tram for a whole year. Two auxiliary turbines are on hand to produce an additional four megawatts each.

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NEXT MONTHINTERNATIONAL

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Uwe Bokelmann

INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE EDITOR Sebastian Junge

INTERNATIONAL CREATIVE DIRECTOR Thomas Maresch

AUSTRALIAN EDITORIAL TEAMEDITOR

Vince Jackson ART DIRECTOR

Joe Ferrara PICTURE EDITOR Darren Dawkins

EDITORIAL CONSULTANTPaul Merrill

BAUER MEDIA AUSTRALIACEO

Matthew Stanton PUBLISHING DIRECTOR

Gerry Reynolds PUBLISHER Brendon Hill

COMMERCIAL MANAGERChristy Trollip

CIRCULATION MANAGERPaul Weaving

MARKETING MANAGERTim Medway

DIRECTOR OF SALES Tony Kendall

ADVERTISING ENQUIRIES:

NATIONAL GROUP SALES MANAGER, MEN’S LIFESTYLE

Brigitte Guerin EMAIL:

[email protected] PHONE:

02 9282 8249

UK EDITORIAL TEAMCREATIVE DIRECTOR

Julian LinleyPRODUCTION DIRECTOR

Julie EmeryART EDITOR Mark Taylor

PRODUCTION EDITOR Guy Parsons

How did Paul Watson become the world’s most wanted

animal-rights activist?

How did Paul Watson become

WHALE-SAVING OUTLAW

CAN YOUR BRAIN BETRAY YOU?

CUDDLY?The truth behind the seals’ cute public image

ON SALE: JUNE 24

N A T U R E

T H E H U M A N B O D Y

W O R L D E V E N T S

Why the US won’t be the world’s number one superpower for much longer

CHINA’S SUPER WEAPONS

T E C H N O L O G Y

World of Knowledge: GPO Box 4088, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Level 16, Civic

Tower, 66-68 Goulburn Street, Sydney. Telephone: (02) 8275 6455. Email:

[email protected]. World of Knowledge is published by Bauer Media Ltd, ABN 18 053 273

546, 54-58 Park St, Sydney, NSW, 2000, part of the Bauer Media Group.

Copyright 2013 All rights reserved. Distributed by Network Services, 54

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in part or in whole without written consent from the copyright holders. The publisher accepts no responsibility for

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From sudden blackouts to involuntary confessions, how

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