world meteorological organization board/tt - … · web view2019/11/27 · a mapping exercise...
TRANSCRIPT
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
____________________
Transition Team Meeting
Geneva, 25-27 November 2019
TT/6 INF.
19.XI.2019
Research Board
MISSION....................................................................................................................................................... 2
PURPOSE AND TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE RESEARCH BOARD (RB) AND ITS SUBSIDIARY BODIES..............2
COMPOSITION.............................................................................................................................................. 3
PRIORITIES FOR 2020.................................................................................................................................... 3
SCIENCE FOR SERVICES AND VALUE CYCLE APPROACH (A)..............................................................................................4INNOVATION IN REGIONS, STRENGTHENING CAPACITY IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND SIDS (B)......................................5FOSTER AN INTEGRATED AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH APPROACH (C)......................................................................6SCIENCE FUNDING AND PARTNERSHIP (D)...................................................................................................................7
EXPECTED RESEARCH BOARD OUTCOMES FOR 2020......................................................................................7
IMPLEMENTING THE COORDINATION WITH TECHNICAL COMMISSIONS AND REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS........9
TECHNICAL COMMISSIONS.......................................................................................................................................9Expected outcomes from Research Board and TCs point of view for 2020....................................................9Key elements on how the TCs and Research Board will work together.........................................................9
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS......................................................................................................................................12
INTERACTION WITH OTHER WMO BODIES..................................................................................................13
STRATEGIC ELEMENTS TO COORDINATE WITH OTHER EXTERNAL AGENCIES................................................13
ANNEX 1 – TERM OF REFERENCE................................................................................................................. 14
I: RESEARCH BOARD TOR......................................................................................................................................14II: WWRP TOR..................................................................................................................................................18III: GAW TOR....................................................................................................................................................19IV: WCRP TOR...................................................................................................................................................21V: WGNE TOR...................................................................................................................................................24
ANNEX 2: RESEARCH BOARD MEMBERSHIP.................................................................................................25
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Mission
The Research Board has the primary responsibility to deliver the Long Term Goal of the WMO Strategy "Advance Targeted Research” with the three objectives:
Advance Scientific Knowledge of the Earth System Enhance the science-for-service value chain ensuring scientific and technological ad-
vances to improve predictive capabilities Advance policy-relevant science
Purpose and terms of reference of the Research Board (RB) and its subsidiary bodies
The main purpose of the Research Board is to convene, organize and motivate, in an efficient, inclusive, flexible and forward looking way, the scientific and technical community to deliver the three strategic research objectives of the WMO strategic plan: Advance scientific knowledge of the Earth system; Enhance the science-for-service value chain ensuring scientific and technological advances to improve predictive capabilities; Advance policy-relevant science.
The scope of the Research Board shall include:
(i) all elements of the value chain, from discovery science to science-based decision making;
(ii) WMO Member needs in terms of science and technological advancements;
(iii) facilitating Members’ access to advancements in scientific and technological capabilities;
(iv) increasing the research capabilities of less developed countries
The building blocks of the Research Board are the research sponsored and co-sponsored programmes (currently WWRP, GAW and WCRP), each led by a Scientific Steering Committee with responsibility to provide the overall scientific direction and which may establish related necessary time-limited subsidiary bodies, including working groups, projects, etc. Such temporary substructures shall be specified in the research programme implementation plans, reviewed and, if appropriate, be discontinued at the end of every intersessional period.
The Research Board may establish additional subsidiary bodies to carry out specific tasks of its work programme, as necessary. As a principle, the Research Board should keep the number of subsidiary bodies to a minimum due to the limited financial and human resources or capacities.
Short-term, mid and long term may be established by the Research Board in order to address specific scientific or technological challenge and to deliver or provide scientific or technological advancements.
The terms of reference of the Research Board, as adopted by Congress, are provided in the Annex 1, together with the current terms of reference of the research sponsored and
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co-sponsored programmes (Annex 1: II to IV), and the Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (Annex 1: V).
Composition
The Research Board is composed of scientific/technical experts in the fields covered by the terms of reference of the Research Board and by experts of its subsidiary bodies.
The Research Board Chair with the support of the Vice Chair and Secretariat, in consultation with the Presidents of the new Technical Commissions, the Regional Association Presidents, the WMCs, the CAS President and the Chairs of the research programme Steering Committees has worked since Executive Council to build the best membership in accordance with the EC-71 decision and following these guiding Principles:
1. Ensuring the right expertise to tackle the key priorities identified by Executive Council 71 for the Research Board
2. Having a multi-disciplinary portfolio of expertise that guarantees an innovative ap-proach to Earth System Science
3. Enhancing the role of regions towards a more inclusive model for science and innov-ation
4. Ensuring engagement from operational and academic research institutions5. Ensuring geographical and gender balance6. Engaging early career scientists
The table in Annex 2 summarizes the complete proposal for the Research Board membership 2019/2020. The geographical distribution is RA I (5), RA II (4 – including UNEP), RA III (3), RA IV (6 – including GAW Chair, IOC Rep.), RA V (4), RA VI (7 – including WCRP, WWRP, WGNE Chairs and ISC Rep). The current gender balance with 40% female members can be considered good.
Priorities for 2020An analysis of the decisions of Cg-18 and EC-71 requires input from the Research Board to identify the following four priorities for the year 2020:
A. developing the concept of Science for Services and the value cycle approach, B. promoting innovation in the regions and strengthening or improving capacity building
in less developed countries and SIDs, C. fostering an integrated and multidisciplinary research approach, D. mobilising resources through science funding and partnership.
The Research Board will build teams from its members, engaging experts from the research programmes and WGNE, to design/plan future activities and coordinate with the Research Programmes.
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Science for Services and Value Cycle approach (A)
One of the key principles behind the reform is to ensure that science and research is an overarching requirement everywhere along the value cycles of WMO in order for them to develop, renew themselves and diversify as needs and opportunities arise. This can be achieved through an effective and efficient coordination between the Research Board and the two Technical Commissions. Thus, Congress requested that the Research Board pay special attention during the transition phase to Coordinate and oversee the interactions with the Services Commission and the Infrastructure Commission with respect to innovation and research-to-operation.
Key areas to be advanced by the RB in the period 2020/21: Developing innovative modalities for Research and Operations to interact: the future
Global Data Processing and Forecasting System, a joint responsibility from CBS/CAS, needs transforming into a new structure or process under the joint responsibil-ity of the RB and Infrastructure TC. To be proposed as a key priority to the transition team for joint planning in 2020.
Advancing integrated new environmental services (e.g. Urban, Health): this area needs further integration across science initiatives (e.g. MapQ, SDS) and service sectors to prototype new services (e.g. Agriculture and DRR, considering multihaz-ard-early warning systems).
Elements to be analysed further or in more detail: Fostering the inclusion of social sciences to improve current models of R2O Impact-based forecasting over different time and space scales Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)
o facilitate links between WCRP and GFCS, working with Climate Coordination Panel
o consider need for GFCS to develop with the CMIP community an uppermost layer on top of CMIP to create/transform information
Preparation for the Research Board meeting in 2020:
All members of the RB will be asked: What is the applied science needed to im-prove services and infrastructure for Weather, Climate, Water and the Environ-ment? (one-page answer to be provided by mid February 2020)
The Services Technical Commission will be asked “What aspects of services are the most important for Innovation?”
The Infrastructure Technical Commission will be asked: “What areas of Observation, Infrastructure and Information Systems are of highest priority for Innovation?”
The responses will serve as the basis for a concept note as input to the Research Board meeting and for a joint discussion with the Technical Commissions.
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Innovation in regions, strengthening capacity in less devel-oped countries and SIDs (B)
Congress requested that the RB gives special attention during the transition period to developing mechanisms with respect to:
Foster, coordinate and oversee WMO global and regional, and when relevant national, research and research-to-operation activities to innovate Member service delivery capacity, with emphasis on strengthening research capabilities in less developed countries and SIDS. Ensure such activities are consistent with co-sponsors/partners as much as possible and when mutually beneficial.
Key areas to be advanced by the Research Board in the period 2020/21: Mechanisms to implement the science for services approach at regional level: A key
element will be to benchmark the interaction between regional centers and research institutions in coordination with regional Department and regional Associations. A first approach will be to co-organize small sessions at the next RA meetings
Utilising GFCS as a potential useful link to regions. The main contributions could come from IG3IS, S2S, and WCRP regional activities.
Elements to be analysed further: How can the manner of working at regional level be changed or improved?
o A Scientific facilitator/officer to work at WMO regional offices could be a use-ful instrument for linking the work at WMO headquarters together with the re-gions.
o The regional scientific unions (i.e. regional geophysical unions, EGU, AOGS, etc) could be approached to evaluate the link with Regional Association. The risk is that regional scientific unions don’t value a science for services ap-proach, so a mid-term goal could be to have significant interactions with them on the subject.
o How can links to regions within the programmes be established? There is a need to engage other partners with similar problems at regional level and
develop a new strategy (i.e. ISC, UNEP). PR of country wants to develop capacity - how do they do it? Who do they approach?
Preparation for the Research Board meeting in 2020:
All members of RB will be asked: How can developing countries and SIDS be better engaged in research? How can research in the academic community be made available to NMHSs and
for climate services? Which organizations at the country or regional level are active in research? What
are the funding mechanisms or schemes? Provide one pressing regional problem that needs attention from WMO research.
The regional representatives are asked to consult with their Regional Association to develop their response.
The one page answers should be provided by mid-February and serve as the basis for a concept note as input to the Research Board meeting.
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Foster an integrated and multidisciplinary research ap-proach (C)
The RB is mandated to strengthen the development of solutions to major societal challenges by fostering Earth system approaches and seamless working across the research programmes, engaging social scientists to embrace a more holistic approach.
The research programmes and WGNE have identified four main strategic areas that must be coordinated across the programmes at the Research Board level:
Advancing Earth System Modelling (including improving Parameterizations, Data as-similation and Reanalysis, Verification and Evaluation, Emissions, Transport, Dia-gnostics, Metrics)
Advancing Earth System Observations (link to data assimilation across time scales, emissions)
Co-designing a Grand Challenge on Exascale Computing and Data Handling, Ma-chine Learning and AI
Developing a concept for a hydro/water programme considering existing activities (e.g. GEWEX and water cycle and WWRP and flash floods, droughts, etc.)
Key priorities: WMO will organize workshops in 2020 on Earth System data and on observation im-
pact on predictive systems. RB has to link to TCs and jointly plan these meetings. Hydrology and Ocean: what are the connecting dots? Or links/interactions? across
the research programmes that help to develop priorities. A mapping exercise identify-ing the key nodes (i.e., groups, activities, projects) across the three programmes needs to be finalized by 2020.
Concrete planning on how social sciences (impact, risk, engagement with broader users community) has to be included as an strategic area involving all programmes
Elements to be analysed further: Coastal areas as a big integrator of various drivers are a suitable example of seam-
less multi-disciplinary challenges (i.e., hazards, climate extremes, trends – sea level, water security, contaminants, pollution) could be expanded to urban and monsoon areas
Improve collaboration between social sciences and natural sciences for a more holis-tic approach and better communication.
The link between Stratospheric topics (i.e., SPARC) and chemistry compounds (i.e. GAW SAG Ozone)
Data assimilation and fusion methods important for all three programmes Process understanding is already seeing relevant collaboration (WGNE, GEWEX-
WWRP), it needs a more coherent thinking/planning (e.g., GAW: chemistry-radiation; WWRP: small scale processes; risks and extremes)
Coordination of Modelling and Observations, with a strong emphasis on the Satellite community
Ocean, Polar and High-Mountain regions as key foci
Preparation for the Research Board meeting in 2020:
Teams will be formed from the RB membership, engaging experts from the research programmes and academia?, to develop concept notes (proposals for workshops or other actions). Input will be solicited from the Technical Commissions.
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Science funding and partnership (D)
The Research Board is mandated to: provide the mechanisms for interfacing with the science international community in a
cost-effective way, and for engaging with international and national research funding agencies.
Convene a “WMO Science Forum” Apply a system for recognition of achievements and the participation of young pro-
fessionals, and actively stimulate capacity building in the least developed countries and SIDS.
Key priorities: Designing a coordinated approach to resource mobilization: establish as soon as
possible a process or a subsidiary RB group engaging with key stakeholders and in-ternational donors. The mapping exercise across the research programmes could provide an interesting narrative for joint activities to be implemented together with other international stakeholders.
Elements to be analysed further: Supporting development of joint infrastructure Engaging Early Career Scientists; Enhancing Social Science Knowledge for Impact Prediction / DRR Concept for WMO Science Forum Gender Action
Expected Research Board Outcomes for 2020
A draft WMO Research strategy: a document on how Research at the WMO will respond to priorities defined by Congress. This will build on the Implementation Plans of the research programmes and define how we plan to get feedback from regional associations, other co-sponsors, the SAP, other partners etc. The strategy will articulate the RB priorities and the main outputs by next Congress. Summarizing:
o providing concepts for the overarching priorities identified, o engaging the research programmeso identifying concrete tasks for implementation by Cg-19 (2021)
Preparation for the Research Board meeting in 2020:
Develop concept note for Science funding and partnership, including: current activities in resource mobilisation draft narrative for joint activities engagement of Early Career Scientists Gender action
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Next steps: Finalizing the RB and engaging with its members to prepare the April 2020 kickoff
meeting. A teleconference is planned before the end of 2019 at two different times (Early
morning and early evening in N. and S. America) but with the same content. This will inform RB membership about the RB, the three research programmes, and the work plan until the RB meeting.
Participation of GAW and WWRP in WCRP implementation plan meetings – GAW and WWRP will propose three names each with a leading person.
Identify areas of commonality between research programmes, identifying topics we need to work on together to further integrate across the programmes, focusing on common scientific challenges for earth system development including expertise from social sciences. Need to identify problems or challenges that need to be tackled or addressed, considering the establishment of time limited working groups / joint activ-ities.
Prepare a position paper on Earth System integration for the RB meeting, identifying areas of individual responsibility, common topics and actions, and identifying the links to IPCC, GFCS, GCOS, etc. Preamble should describe the different approaches within the programmes and identify gaps related to Science for Services.
WMO Data conference – engagement of the Research Board to ensure the research and innovation component being co-designed
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Implementing the coordination with Technical Commis-sions and Regional Associations
Technical Commissions.
Expected outcomes from Research Board and TCs point of view for 2020
Key elements on how the TCs and Research Board will work together
1. Overarching topics
Different methods of engagement need to be developed that are based on the co-design and joint planning and implementation of key activities with Technical Commissions. The TCs and RB should identify joint-priorities and ways of implementation for Research&Innovation.
The RB sees a need for a process for working on high-level topics requiring collaboration with different bodies (TCs, RB, Coordination panels, etc)
Start with concept development with a team from different bodies and external experts as necessary
Identify who will take leadership – can be joint e.g. study group in TC with focal point in RB/Programme, or can establish team within RB
Identify form of working e.g. establish new project with Implementation Plan Use experience with GDPFS and Urban/Health Services to identify how to improve
the collaboration Address concrete topics, e.g. emerging environmental services, GDPFS,
Monsoons/Tropical Cyclones, urban, health, high mountain, space-weather
Develop “Interactive Model” in context of GDPFS with strong focus on gathering local & regional needs (Fig 1). Such a model will include multiple interactions between the research and operational communities to address the needs of users, stakeholders and decision-makers. During this process, stakeholders assess and articulate their future needs, researchers work in dialogue with stakeholders to define and implement appropriate research programmes, the research results are transferred into operations at appropriate intervals, and the stakeholder needs and research programmes are refined taking into account the knowledge and experience gained through the use of operational products and services long sentence, could be made two out of it. Success will depend on bringing together people working at interfaces of forecasting – product development – research who are open to new ideas and different ways of working.
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Fig 1: Novel interactive model for integrating science and services (see text for details).
A particular challenge for such a model in the context of the S/GDPFS is that we are not working in the context of a single organisation with well-defined line management structures. The operational system is currently founded on contributions from many different NMHSs. The research and innovation relies on international partnerships between NMHSs, public research institutions and the academic research community. Thus, traditional models for linking research and operations (often referred to as R2O and O2R functions) that work for a single organisation will not be sufficient here. Future development of the S/GDPFS relies on strengthening the operational and research partnerships to the mutual benefit of the organisations involved as well as exploring the role of the private sector. If this model is well- conceived and implemented, the research capabilities relevant for the GDPFS within NMHSs and in the broader research community will be strengthened, the linkage between science and services enhanced.
Some of the key features of a new interactive model are:
co-design by attempting to actively involve all stakeholders in the design process to help ensure the result meets their needs and is usable for all activities that require research and innovation;
identifying user needs based on specific sectors / applications as well as across sectors and applications;
enabling the co-existence of long-term strategic research projects and short-term tactical innovation responding to stakeholder needs;
cooperation with partners in other components of the Earth System (e.g. the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the International Hydrological Program in UNESCO, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences); and
Engaging with social scientists, impact researchers, relevant communities of practice, the private sector and economists to identify the main user requirements and deliver the necessary innovation.
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2. Structural linkages
Priorities for 2020: Seamless GDPFS – co lead Infrastructure Technical commission, Standing
Committee and RB (engaging liaison representatives for TCs), Engagement from all research programmes.
Developing science for Disaster Risk Reduction (multihazard approach, research related to fire, ash, tropical cyclones, drought, flooding, heatwaves, frost events)
Identify TC-bodies where RB/Programme members should participate and vice versa
The following matrix is an initial view of the key priorities of the Research Board together with interactions with Technical Commission subsidiary bodies. Please harmonise fonts and size
Commission Sub-Structure GAW contribution
WWRP contribution
WCRP contribution1
Infrastructure
Standing CommitteeEarth observing systems
Task Team on Rolling Review of Requirements, GCOS requirements
Data assimilation and observational systems (i.e., ground validation)
e.g. links from Core Projects focused on oceans, cryosphere, land and atmosphere as well as other activities
Methods of observations
Chemistry observations, QA/QC
New observational systems (i.e. microsatellite)
As above
Information exchange
Expert Team on World Data Centers
Research/campaign data (eg. PPP)
e.g. WCRP Data council, Core Projects, Grand Challenges etc.
Earth system modelling
WGNE (atmos. chemistry, inverse modelling)
WG modelling cluster (involving modelling WG and projects),
WGNE, Modelling Council. WGSIP, CORDEX (climate)
Study GroupsData issues and policy
Low-cost sensors
Evolving technologies, new AI action area
Services Standing CommitteeAeronautical Volcanic Ash Aviation RDP and
future development (we need to consider new areas such as space weather)
Marine Ocean prediction Sea level rise, 1 Note that WCRP is currently working on producing its new Implementation Plan, including looking at its current structure. Although this means things are likely to change it also provides an opportunity to synergize WCRP and RB priorities.
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from short range to long-range
ocean prediction, science on a number of fronts (coastal, deep ocean, heat content, ocean heat waves....)
Climatological IG3IS Polar prediction project and S2S
Climate predictions and projections (in support of GFCS and others)
Agrometeorological
MMF deposition
S2S second phase and its applications
S2S
Hydrological S2S and High Impact Weather projects
GEWEX and others
Public Services & DRR
Global Air Quality Forecasting
Multi-hazards approach (HIW,SDS) – Social science contribution
Climate extremes
Study GroupsIntegrated urban services
Integrated urban services (air pollution, GURME),Integrated health services (air pollution)
Integrated urban services -Integrated health services: potential role of High Impact Weather Project
Integrated urban services (regional sea level rise)
Regional Associations.
Organizing sessions at RA meetings in order to develop a mechanism for receiving feedback on regional needs to be considered on research planning (RA meetings in 2020)
2020 meetings: Dates? Role of the RA focal points in the RB: bridging with RA structure, informing on
what is already happening or plan in certain regions Scientific personnel at regional offices working on Science and Innovation Engagement with Regional Associations - RA reps in RB to identify issues. WMO
also know where predictability isn’t good. During RA meeting need to include science in the agenda.
Interaction with other WMO bodies
TCC (RB chair and vice-chair)
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Transition Team (RB chair, vice-chair and CAS President) Climate Coordination Panel (Chair of WCRP JSC will represent Research Board) Hydrology Panel (RB member Andrei V. Khristoforov, representative of WMC Mos-
cow and hydrological expert will be asked to represent RB here) EC PHORS (to be defined ensuring the link to GCW and considering the outcome of
the High Mountain summit) Link to SAP (RB chair)
o Clarity is needed on role of SAP and modalities for interactiono During the April RB and TC meetings, topics should be identified for which the
advice of the SAP as a group of high-level independent scientists will be re-quested.
o Advocacy role of SAP: it should speak as a group not as individuals; promot-ing the WMO to Members can only be done with the prior agreement of the Permanent Representative of the Member in question.
Link to Joint WMO-IOC Collaborative Board (Currently an interim membership is in place; a member of the Research Board with expertise in coupled atmosphere-ocean science will be proposed as research representative for the final membership)
Strategic elements to coordinate with other external agencies.
The Research Board shall ensure inclusiveness and high-level goals to engage external agencies properly. The external agencies invited to be part of the Research Board are IOC, ISC, UNEP, IAMAS, YESS.
Why working with us? What can the Research Board offer? Moving from a programme oriented approach to a more holistic approach/engage-
ment Role and Early Career Scientists in the Research Board (YESS, APECS etc.) Key topics that need to be integrated: Carbon cycle requires partnerships e.g. Future
Earth
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Annex 1 – Term of Reference
I: Research Board ToR
TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE RESEARCH BOARD ON WEATHER, CLIMATE, WATER AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Research Board on Weather, Climate, Water and the Environment
Mandate
The Research Board shall convene the large international scientific community, who en-gage with WMO and who value the opportunity to enhance the societal impact of their the research through the relationship with WMO. The Research Board fosters an inte-grated, international and multi- disciplinary research approach to weather, climate, water and environment, and develops all elements of the value chain, from discovery science to serving society in the context of the Earth System science.
By gearing up international scientific and technical endeavours, the Research Board will support and grow the scientific and technological capabilities of WMO and its members, as well as consolidating and strengthening the central role played by WMO in wider inter-national agendas for environmental science and services, for the benefit of the world (e.g. the Paris Agreement, Sendai Framework, Sustainable Development Goals).
WMO, through its sponsored and co-sponsored research programmes, plays a unique role in facilitating and integrating research where international coordination enables scientific advances that would not happen otherwise. The research programmes function by en-gaging with, and gaining the commitment of, the international science community to their programmes of work, and in turn ensuring that participants derive benefit from en-gaging in WMO activities. s
The building blocks of the Research Board are the research programmes (currently WWRP, GAW and WCRP), each led by a Steering Committee with responsibility to provide the overall scientific direction of the programme. The respective Steering Committees gear up the respective networks; develop and review science and implementation plans; review and assess the development of all elements of the programme; facilitate and pri-oritize research and development activities in their field of responsibility; facilitate the exchange of information among scientists participating in the programme; and collabo-rate with the broader scientific community.
Community engagement in WMO research programmes is broad and strong, reaching be-yond WMO members to research institutes and academia. Whilst WMO is recognized for providing opportunities to work collaboratively to the greater benefit of the science, much more could be achieved to strengthen WMO convening power and to derive greater value by integrating across the research programmes. This is the mandate for es-tablishing the Research Board.
The Research Board shall convene, organize and motivate, in an inclusive, flexible and forward looking way, the scientific and technical community around the three research objectives of the WMO strategic plan. The Research Board shall ensure that:
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(i) all elements of the value chain, from discovery science to science-based decision mak-ing, are properly built;
(ii) WMO member’s needs in terms of science and technological advancements are gath-ered;
(iii) members have access to advancements in scientific and technological capabilities;
(iv) less developed countries are supported to increase their research capabilities.
The Research Board shall provide the mechanisms for interfacing with the science inter-national community in a cost-effective way, and for engaging with international and na-tional research funding agencies.
The Research Board shall act to translate the strategic aims of WMO and decisions of the Council and Congress into overarching science, and science for services, priorities, and ensure the implementation and coordination of the research programmes to achieve these priorities in accordance with the purposes of the Organization defined in Article 2 (f) of the Convention. The Research Board shall support the implementation of the WMO Strategic Plan based on science and implementation plans for WMO research pro-grammes and science for services activities, as approved by the Executive Council and any co-sponsor governing bodies, as appropriate.
The Research Board shall act to strengthen the development of solutions to major soci-etal challenges by fostering Earth system approaches and seamless working across the research programmes. It shall respond to scientific challenges proposed by WMO Mem-bers and the other co-sponsors, taking into account the advice of the Scientific Advisory Panel (SAP).
The Research Board shall contribute to the design, planning and implementation of global, regional, and when needed national, research and innovation activities focusing on: improving Earth system processing, predictive and projection capabilities; advancing fundamental understanding of the Earth system; promoting the uptake of technological and scientific innovation; and maintaining a sustained user’s requirement mechanism for innovation in services and research-to-operation.
Specific terms of reference
The Research Board shall:
(a) Frame critical and technological priorities that WMO and its partners should focus on,
(b) Guide the implementation of WMO (sponsored and co-sponsored) research programmes and act as the primary point of contact related to weather, climate, water and related environmental research aspects in WMO,
(c) Ensure close coordination and cooperation between the WMO (sponsored and co- sponsored) research programmes, maintaining an optimal balance between weather, climate, water, ocean and environmental research initiatives and promote the synergies among such initiatives,
(d) Ensure that the research programmes are implemented according to agreed implementation plans and that such plans are considering future technological and scientific challenges,
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(e) Convene a “WMO Science Forum”, composed of researchers involved in steering, coordination and implementation of WMO research programs, and stimulate and facilitate active interactions across the members of the Forum, as well as the role of the Forum as a broad interdisciplinary sounding board for Research Board deliberations and activities,
(f) Coordinate and oversee the interactions with the Services Commission and the Infrastructure Commission concerning innovation and research-to-operation,
(g) Foster, coordinate and oversee WMO global and regional, and when relevant national, research and research-to-operation activities to innovate Member service delivery capacity, with emphasis on strengthening research capabilities in less developed countries and SIDS,
(h) Maintain and coordinate a rolling review of requirement process concerning innovation and research-to-operation needs coordinating with regional associations,
(i) Establish effective coordination with national and international funding agencies, as appropriate,
(j) Apply a system for recognition of achievements and the participation of young professionals, and actively stimulate capacity building and inclusion of young professionals for least developed countries and SIDS.
Composition
The Research Board shall comprise scientific, technological and innovation experts who are recognized WMO Member experts, in order to make an effective use of a broad scientific and technical community encompassing Members’ collective expertise, including the private and academia sectors.
In addition, UN, international organization partners, scientific funding agencies and private partners, with which WMO has agreements or arrangements, may be invited to nominate experts in scientific and technical innovation to participate in the work of the Board on a formal or ad hoc basis.
The Research Board shall be composed of around 25 members active in the fields of weather, climate, water, ocean and related environmental and social sciences, taking into account geographical balance and reflecting the WMO gender equality policy, including:
(a) The chairs or vice-chairs of the scientific oversight/steering committees of the WMO (sponsored and co-sponsored) research programmes (WCRP, WWRP, GAW) and future research programmes that WMO may establish,
(b) Representatives from the co-sponsors of the research programmes, currently IOC and ISC (International Science Council),
(c) Selected chairs of partners’ programmes such as Future Earth, Group on Earth Observations, World Science Adaptation Programme,
(d) Invited experts from UN and international organization partners,
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(e) Representatives from major global and regional research funding organizations (e.g. Belmont Forum, Global Research Panel, European Commission), and at least three relevant national science foundation representatives from WMO Members,
(f) Maximum three representatives of World Meteorological Centres, rotating every two years,
(g) One representative from each regional association based on their capacity to connect with regional scientific institutions and activities,
(h) To ensure a strong co-design with the Services Commission and the Infrastructure Commission, one or two representatives from each will be invited to be part of the Research Board,
(i) Additional invited experts to respond to the functions defined in the terms of reference and to increase the link with the regional associations.
The members will be appointed by the Executive Council.
Decisions on the composition of the Research Board and the Scientific Advisory Panel shall be made independently. However, experts may not be members of the Research Board and the Scientific Advisory Panel at the same time.
The term of engagement shall be four years, except for rotating members; for ex-officio members the duration shall be based on that of their term of office.
The Chair of the Research Board shall coordinate with the presidents of regional associations, the presidents of technical commissions and the World Meteorological Centres in consultation with the Secretariat to produce a proposal for experts under (f), (g) and (h) that maximises the range of expertise, geographical and gender balance and inclusiveness.
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II: WWRP ToR
TERMS OF REFERENCE of the World Weather Research Programme (CAS-16, doc.10).
The World Weather Research Programme Scientific Steering Committee (WWRP SSC) has the following terms of reference:
(a) To provide the overall scientific guidance for the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP);
(b) To develop and review the science and implementation plan for the WWRP and a work programme aligned with the WMO strategic planning process;
(c) To review and assess the development of all elements of the WWRP, including major research projects, Forecast Demonstration Projects, Research and Development Projects and forecast evaluation methods, to formulate recommendations to guide further actions and to report on the progress of the programme to the president of the Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS);
(d) To facilitate and prioritize weather research and development activities, which are planned and implemented through the project committees and working groups, to meet the objectives of CAS;
(e) To facilitate the exchange of information among scientists participating in the Programme and relevant scientific institutions and agencies, at the national, regional and international levels;
(f) To collaborate, as appropriate, with EPAC SSC, the Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) and other technical commissions, the regional associations, relevant groups and project committees of the Joint Scientific Committee of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and, academia, users of forecast products and other partners;
(g) To delegate to each working group and expert team, as required, the responsibility to promote the timely exchange of information, data and new knowledge through publications, workshops, training activities and meetings.
2. Membership of the World Weather Research Programme Scientific Steering Committee (WWRP SSC):
(a) The chairperson of the WWRP SSC is appointed by CAS during its session. In the event that a chairperson of the WWRP SSC has to be appointed in the intersessional period, the appointment is made by the president of CAS in consultation with the CAS Management Group. The WWRP SSC chairperson is appointed for four years with the possibility of renewal of maximum another four years;
(b) The WWRP SSC shall consist of up to ten scientists selected for their scientific expertise, capacity and breadth of vision. The WWRP SSC members should be drawn to promote geographical and thematic representation and gender balance. The members are appointed by the CAS president in consultation with the CAS Management Group, upon the WWRP SSC chairperson’s proposal, prepared in consultation with the Secretariat. The initial term of the WWRP SSC members is four years and can be renewed for a maximum of another four years. For the sake of continuity, members are reviewed and appointed in a staggered fashion every two years. The WWRP SSC includes as ex-officio members the chairpersons of the WWRP Working Groups and Expert Team and major Projects. Observers may be invited to attend as required;
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III: GAW ToR
EPAC SSC terms of reference (CAS-16, doc.10).
The Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (EPAC SSC) consisting of leading experts tasked to assist, guide and advise the Commission activities related to environmental pollution and atmospheric chemistry and the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme, with ToR as described in Annex 2 to Resolution 2 (CAS-16):
(a) To keep informed of scientific developments in the fields of environmental pollution and atmospheric chemistry, including the interrelationships between changes in atmospheric composition, global and regional climate and other aspects of the Earth system, and disturbances to the natural cycles of chemical species in the atmosphere/ ocean/biosphere system;
(b) To advise CAS and recommend actions that WMO should take to promote, initiate, facilitate or set priorities for:
(i) Long-term globally integrated observations of atmospheric composition and related physical parameters, including greenhouse gases, ozone, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, reactive gases, aerosols and precipitation chemistry;
(ii) The high quality, timeliness and continuity of data from the monitoring network, including aircraft and satellites;
(iii) A system for real-time or near real-time data delivery and exchange;
(iv) User-friendly access to data and the application of data for analysis, satellite and model validation, assimilation and environmental assessments;
(v) Research on transport, transformation, deposition and sources and sinks of atmospheric constituents on all space- and timescales using observational and modelling tools;
(vi) The development of modelling tools, including predictive capability, for support of atmospheric environment research;
(vi) Research on urban air quality;
(vii) Development of products and services in the area of atmospheric chemistry taking into consideration socio-economical needs;
(c) To contribute to the development of and to review the science and implementation plan for the GAW Programme;
(d) To facilitate cooperation with other relevant programmes and organizations inside and outside WMO, including GFCS, WIGOS/WIS, GCOS, GEO, satellite initiatives, WWRP, and WCRP and other WMO technical commissions, bodies and Programmes;
(e) To promote CAS activities in support of international conventions.
Membership of the Environmental Pollution and Atmospheric Chemistry Scientific Steering Committee (EPAC SSC):
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(a) The Chair of the EPAC SSC is appointed by CAS during its session. In the event that a Chair of the EPAC SSC has to be appointed in the intersessional period, the appointment is made by the president of CAS in consultation with the CAS Management Group. The EPAC SSC Chair is appointed for four years with the possibility of renewal of maximum another four years;
(b) The EPAC SSC shall consist of up to ten scientists selected for their scientific expertise, capacity and breadth of vision. The EPAC SSC members should be drawn to promote geographical and thematic representation and gender balance. The members are appointed by the CAS president in consultation with the CAS Management Group, upon the EPAC SSC Chair’s proposal, prepared in consultation with the Secretariat. The initial term of the EPAC SSC members is four years and can be renewed for a maximum of another four years. For the sake of continuity, members are reviewed and appointed in a staggered fashion every two years. The EPAC SSC includes as ex-officio members the chairs of GAW Scientific Advisory Groups and Expert Teams and major Projects. Observers may be invited to attend as required.
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IV: WCRP ToR
1. Terms of reference
1.1 The function of the Joint Scientific Committee (JSC) is to provide scientific guidance on all aspects of the Programme, in harmony with the overall aims and interests of the sponsoring organizations.
1.2 The specific tasks of the JSC are:
(a) To formulate the concept and scope of the WCRP, define the inter-disciplinary scientific strategy and determine the specific objectives and priorities for the Programme;
(b) To review and assess the development of all elements of the WCRP, formulate recommendations to guide further actions and report periodically on the progress of the Programme to the sponsoring organizations;
(c) To facilitate the exchange of information among the scientists participating in the Programme and the Earth System Science community in general, and relevant scientific institutions and agencies, at the national and international levels.
1.3 The JSC will be assisted in these tasks by a Joint Planning Staff (JPS), comprised of personnel seconded by sponsoring or other organizations, or supported directly by the Joint Climate Research Fund.
2. Membership
2.1 The JSC shall consist of eighteen scientists selected for their scientific knowledge, capability and breadth of vision. The members of the JSC will be selected by mutual agreement between WMO, IOC and ICSU and appointed jointly by the three organizations. In the case mutual agreement cannot be reached, the Committee shall continue for one year with the existing membership and the matter will be reviewed again by the sponsoring organizations on the following year.
2.2 Each member will be nominated for an initial term of appointment of four years, renewable by successive two-year increments. The membership of the JSC shall be reviewed by the three sponsoring organizations every second year (on even-numbered years), bearing in mind the need to ensure reasonable continuity in the Committee's membership.
2.3 The membership of the JSC shall aim to include a balanced representation of relevant disciplines in atmospheric, oceanic, hydrological and polar sciences. To this end, the sponsoring organizations will each be called upon to submit a list of candidates for their joint biennial review of the membership.
2.4 The nomination of new members or renewal of the term of appointment of members will be notified by the Secretary-General of WMO, on behalf of the three sponsoring organizations, before the end of the year of the review and active membership shall begin on 1 January of the following year.
3. Chairman and Officers
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3.1 The Officers of the JSC shall consist of a Chairman, a Vice-chairman and three members of the JSC elected by the full Committee for two-year terms.
3.2 The Chairman may call for a meeting of Officers between regular meetings of the full Committee when warranted by urgent matters.
3.3 The Executive Heads of WMO, IOC and ICSU shall be informed of the decision to convene a meeting of the Officers and may send observers to the meeting, without expense to the Joint Climate Research Fund.
3.4 The Director of the WCRP (as defined in paragraph 6) shall keep the members of the JSC, as well as the Executive Heads of ICSU, IOC and WMO, informed of decisions and recommendations made by the Officers.
3.5 The duties of the Chairman of the JSC shall be:
(a) To preside over the sessions of the JSC and ensure that the Committee's activities, decisions and recommendations are in harmony with the overall aims and interests of the sponsoring organizations, as expressed in the present Agreement;
(b) To act on behalf of the Committee between meetings;
(c) To guide the scientific and technical activities of the Joint Planning Staff for WCRP, in conformity with the recommendations of the Committee;
(d) To carry out such specific duties as may be requested by any of the sponsoring organizations, within the scope and general objectives of the WCRP, as defined by the present Agreement;
(e) To conduct, either directly or through the Joint Planning Staff and appropriate sponsoring organization, correspondence on all matters related to the planning, scientific steering and implementation of the WCRP, and to maintain files of his official correspondence as Chairman of the JSC, with copies to the JPS;
(f) To arrange for the views of the JSC to be presented to the sponsoring organizations;
(g) To prepare annually a report of WCRP activities, including the considerations and recommendations of the JSC, and to present this report to the sponsoring organizations.
4. Sessions
4.1 The JSC shall meet at least annually, the venue and dates of the sessions to be decided by the Chairman of the JSC. Sessions shall normally be arranged so as to avoid scheduling conflicts with meetings of executive bodies of the sponsoring organizations.
4.2 The Director of the WCRP, on behalf of the Chairman of the JSC and after consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO on administrative matters, shall notify the sponsoring organizations, the members and other invited participants for each session of the JSC, and shall make practical arrangements for the sessions, as appropriate.
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4.3 The reports of each JSC session shall be furnished to the Executive Heads of ICSU, IOC and WMO with supporting documents considered by the Committee.
4.4 The Secretary-General of WMO shall provide such interpretation facilities as may be required, within budgetary provisions. Documents will normally be distributed in the original language in which they were submitted.
4.5 The sponsoring organizations may each nominate one or two representatives to attend the sessions of the JSC in the capacity as observers. The attendance of these representatives will not be charged to the Joint Climate Research Fund.
4.6 Observers from national or international scientific institutions or agencies, or individual experts may be invited to attend sessions upon decision of the Chairman of the JSC. The attendance of observers will not be charged to the Fund.
5. Working groups and consultants
5.1 The JSC shall be authorized to establish and convene working groups, panels of scientific and/or technical experts, special study groups, etc., within its field of responsibility and within the approved budget, taking account of relevant expert groups established by the sponsoring organizations and their constituent bodies.
5.2 The membership of JSC working groups and panels, terms of reference and special requests addressed to such groups will be notified by the Director of the WCRP, acting on behalf of the Chairman of the JSC.
5.3 Recommendations made by a working group, expert panel, or special study group established by the JSC, shall be addressed to the Chairman of the JSC.
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V: WGNE ToR
Advise the Research Board and sponsored, co-sponsored programmes on progress in atmospheric modelling.
Review the development of atmospheric models for use in weather prediction and cli-mate studies on all scales, including the diagnosis of shortcomings.
Propose numerical experiments aiming to refine numerical techniques and the formu-lation of atmospheric physics processes, boundary layer processes and land surface processes in models.
Design and promote coordinated experiments for:o validating model results against observed atmospheric properties and varia-
tions;o exploring the intrinsic and forced variability and predictability of the general
circulation of the atmosphere on short to extended ranges;o assessing the intrinsic and forced variability of the atmosphere on climate
time‐ Promote the development of data assimilation methods for application to numerical
weather and climate predictions, and for the estimation of derived climatological quantities.
Promote the development of new methods for numerical weather prediction and cli-mate simulation.
Maintain scientific liaison with other Research Board groups, and groups of spon-sored and co-sponsored research programmes as appropriate.
Promote the timely exchange of information, data and new knowledge on atmo-spheric modelling through publications, workshops and meetings.
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Annex 2: Research Board Membership
ToR EC-Decision Name Length of Appointment Country Region Institution Expertise Gender Representation on Other Bodies
(a) Chair Celeste Saulo 2 years Argentina IIIServicio Meteorológico Nacional
NWP-Mesoscale modelling, including data assimilation, and applied meteorology (wind energy, early warning systems). F
Chair Climate Coordination PanelTCCTransition TeamLink to SAP
(b) ViceChair Sarah Jones 1 year Germany VI Deutscher Wetterdienst
Academic backgrund in Predictability of Weather Systems andTropical Meteorology, DWD responsibility for research in Nowcasting, NWP, Climate monitoring and GAW as well as operational academic partnerships
F TCCTransition Team
(c) WWRP Sarah Jones Term of Office Germany VI
(c) WCRP Detlef Stammer Term of Office Germany VI Uni Hamburg Ocean and Climate, remote sensing and assimilation
M Research Board Representative on CCP
(c) GAW Gregory Carmichael Term of Office USA IV Uni Iowa
Atmospheric Composition, Air quality and atmospheric chemistry modelling, data assimilation, chemical weather forecasting
M
(d) WGNE Keith Williams 1 year UK VI UK MetOffice Climate modelling M
RAs (one per RA) (e) i
RA I Nelson Torto
1 year
Botswana I CR4Dmaterial science, analytical chemistry and nanotechnology; Strong link to Academic world
M
RAs (one per RA) (e) i RA II Yihong Duan 1 year China II CMA/CAMS Tropical Cyclones / Monsoons M
RAs (one per RA)(e) i RA III Ivonne Monte 1 year Peru III Instituto Geofísico Del Perú Oceanographer, Biogeochemical
ModellingF
RAs (one per RA) (e) i RA IV Arlene Laing 1 yearBritish Caribbean Territories
IV Caribbean Met. Org.Tropical Meteorology, Tropical Cyclones, Research to Operations F
RAs (one per RA) (e) i RA V Litea Biukoto 1 year Fiji V Energy and Maritime Division, Pacific Community
Disaster Risk Reduction: early warning, preparedness and response, disaster risk management and climate change in Pacific Island Countries
F
RAs (one per RA) (e) i RA VI Jörg Klausen 1 year Switzerland VI MeteoSwiss Composition / Observations M
WMC (e) ii WMC Andrei V. Khristoforov 1 year Russia VI
Hydrology and Water Resource Management,Hydrological Forecasting,Mathematical Modeling and Statistical Analysis,Geography and Hydrology of the northern and mountain regions.
MResearch Board Representative on Hydrology Coordination Panel
WMC (e) ii WMC Chiashi Muroi 1 year Japan II JMA Director of Numerical Prediction Division MWMC (e) ii WMC Veronique Bouchet 1 year Canada IV Atmospheric Composition F3 Experts UN/Int Partners (e) iii Andrew Brown 1 year INT VI ECMWF Modelling across weather and climate M
3 Experts UN/Int Partners (e) iii Jian Liu 1 year UN II UNEP Policy Science M
3 Experts UN/Int Partners Mary Scholes S. Africa I IAMAS
Biogeochemistry of savanna and plantation ecosystems. Biogenic trace gas emissions, Soil biological processes and sustainable agriculture.
F
Experts SIDS/LDC/LLDC (e) iv Judy Omumbo 1 year INT I African Academy of ScienceEpidemiology focusing on research to support malaria control programs; responsible for postdoctoral programme
F
Experts SIDS/LDC/LLDC (e) iv Fatima Denton 1 year I Policy Science FExperts SIDS/LDC/LLDC (e) iv Caroline Brassard 1 year V Singapore UN F
Services Commission (e) v Juliana Ungaro 1 year New Zealand V NIWA
climate change science, mitigation, and adaptation policies in New Zealand and the Pacific Islands; scientific communication, training and consultations
F
Infrastructure Commission (e) v Deon Terblanche 1 year South Africa I
Observational Infrastructure, Radar Meteorology, Cloud Microphysics and Dynamics, Rainfall Enhancement, Science Strategy and Implementation
M
WCRP CoSponsors (e) vi IOC Craig McLean USA IV NOAA
Craig McLean is now serving as the Acting Chief Scientist and will act as is the senior scientist for the agency providing direction for science and technology priorities.In his role at Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, he is responsible for overseeing, directing and implementing NOAA’s research enterprise including a network of research laboratories and the execution of NOAA programs including the Climate Program, National Sea Grant, Ocean Exploration, to name a few. Among a number of formal international engagements in science and technology, Mr. McLean serves as the U.S. Representative to the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), and as the Co-chair of the U.S. European Union Marine Working Group.
M
WCRP CoSponsors (e) vi ISC Martin Visbeck Germany VI Oceanography; member of the ISC Governing Board
M
Experts (e) vii Antonio Busalacchi 1 year USA IV Climate M
Experts (e) vii Madhavan Nair Rajeevan 1 year India II Secretary, Ministry of Earth Sciences
Monsoon variability and prediction; Climate variability and climate change; aerosol and interaction with climate system
M
Experts (e) vii Matthew Wheeler 1 year Australia V BoMexpert in coupled ocean-atmosphere modelling for prediction on the days-weeks-months timescales.
MLink to Joint Ocean Board; Propose as future member,
Hydrolgy Experts (e) viii Aaron Salzberg USA IV University North Carolina Hydrology M
Hydrology Experts (e) viii Walter Collischonn Brazil III
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre Hydrology / link to IHP M
YESS Representative YESS Faten Attig Bahar 1 year Germany VI
Humboldt Fellow International Climate Protection, University of Rostock
Energy Engineering F