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WORKSHOP SUMMARY

Authors: Claudia Erber Karsten Kvalsund Nils-Roar Hareide

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Runde Miljøsenter AS Rundavegen237 6096 Runde Org. Nr. 987 410 752 MVA Telephone: 70 08 08 00 Email: post@rundecentre.no Web: www.rundecentre.no

Distribution: Open

Funded by: Research Council of Norway and Runde Environmental Centre

Date:21.02.17

Title: THE DEEPSEA INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM

Runde Miljøsenter Report number: 2017-01

Authors: Claudia Erber (Runde Environmental Centre) Karsten Kvalsund (Runde Environmental Centre) Nils-Roar Hareide (Runde Environmental Centre)

Number of pages: 35

Key words: Subsea, offshore, deep-sea, biology, network, cluster

Reviewed by: Jenny Ullgren

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1. SUMMARY

Runde Environmental Centre AS (REC), Innovation Norway and Research Council Norway, in collaboration with the research council in Brazil (FINEP), organized a workshop to develop cooperation between companies and institutions developing approaches for mapping and environmental monitoring in deep-sea. The workshop was the first stage in developing a cluster of excellence in Brazil, where companies and researchers providing services and research, can tie contacts and strengthen new networks. Rune Andersen from Innovation Norway and the Research Council was very supportive with the planning and organization of the event in Brazil. The meeting had 51 participants from different universities, public regulators, R&D institutions and environmental consultancy companies from Brazil.

The first meeting in Brazil was held on the first and second of February 2017, where companies and institutions presented themselves and their experience in deep-sea. The R&D sector lead by FINEP were very positive and interested in developing a new cluster for the environmental monitoring in Brazil related to the oil and gas sector. Representatives from the Ministry of Mines and Energy and the Ministry of Environment in Brazil discussed possibilities to improve the monitoring and research of the deep-sea environment.

Daniel Jones from the Serpent Project (National Oceanography Centre, UK) concludes that best-practice common procedures could be developed and that could be used by all oil and gas companies, subsea companies and R&D institutions. - “Sharing and coordination of data standards would facilitate broad-scale analyses and be greatly beneficial. This could be done, for example, by having the same contractual terms for data acquisition sub-contractors,” says Jones. The DeepSea International Consortium (DSIC) aims to develop a new workshop in the second half of 2017 in Norway, to consolidate the network with Norwegian companies and researchers as well. The DSIC will meet again during the annual November Conference in Rio de Janeiro, as a follow-up event. Runde Environmental Centre will be coordinating the work and will also invite other Norwegian institutions and companies in to the new network. Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Norwegian Research Council of Norway for funding 50% of the travel expenses to Brazil and the workshop in Rio de Janeiro. Thanks to Dr. Daniel Jones for sharing his experiences with the SERPENT project and Rune Andersen for embracing the idea of the project, and support for the network by Innovation Norway and FINEP. Many thanks to Dr. Jenny Ullgren for the support to get the funding and Charlotte Hauge to give the visual identity to the DSIC. Finally, we need to thank the Benthos Ambiental team to help with the logistic of the event at BIORIO.

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CONTENTS: 1. SUMMARY 3

2. BACKGROUND 5

3. WORKSHOP SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE 6

5. Trends in Deep-Sea Conservation in Brazil 21

6. LESSONS LEARNED FROM SERPENT PROJECT 22

7. LESSON LEARNED FROM INNOVATION NORWAY – BRAZIL 23

8. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 23

9. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS 24

10. NEXT STEPS 24

11. SUMMARY QUALIFICATION DSIC 25

12. LINKS 30

13. REFERENCES 30

14. APPENDIX 31

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2.BACKGROUND

Runde Environmental Center (REC) wants to organize an international group of scientists to work together in multidisciplinary efforts – enabled by access to auxiliary data from subsea industry surveys - to understand the remarkable deep-sea environment and its diversity of habitat and life. The DeepSea International Consortium (DSIC) aims to bring together key personnel from oil and gas industry, subsea and service industry, universities, technology institutions, and governments to increase the global environmental knowledge from the deep sea and develop new technologies for the benefit of both industry and scientific research. In 2015 and 2016, REC in cooperation with Sintef and Olympic Shipping conducted a pre-study (Hareide et al, 2016). A workshop was organized in Oslo on June 1st 2016 with participants from Norway, UK, Germany, and Brazil. Good contacts were made with Brazilian oil companies and scientists that have a strong interest in developing international cooperation between the oil and gas industry and scientists in Great Britain, Brazil, and Norway. The DeepSea Pilot Project showed that scientific collaboration with subsea operations can provide valuable data and open a range of new opportunities to increase knowledge of the structure and function of deep-sea ecosystems. It also showed that there are possibilities to develop good, long-term cooperation with both clients and subcontractors. The DSIC focus is the networks establishing by connecting national and international expertise, and environment companies and institutions, to supply the environment monitoring.

3.WORKSHOP SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE The event was an important kick-off initiative, from REC, assisted by Rune Andersen from Innovation Norway and Daniel Jones from Serpent Project, to get in touch with a range of deep-sea experts to engage in a two-day workshop 01-02 February 2017. Participants included relevant stakeholders from research, industry and government. The workshop was designed to assist the participants in developing a broad understanding of relevant research and commercial capabilities in Brazil and Norway that could be applied to meet opportunities and challenges in target countries. More specifically, the workshop had three key objectives: OBJECTIVE 1: Start up an international network to develop support for marine environmental science in the offshore and subsea sectors. OBJECTIVE 2: Uncover potential uses for new sensor technology. OBJECTIVE 3: Create an additional activity in the subsea fleet: monitoring the deep-sea life during ROV operations.

Brazil and Norway Connection across the ocean

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4. THE DEEPSEA INTERNATIONAL

CONSORTIUM – WORKSHOP IN BRASIL, R J.

As part of the DeepSea International Consortium plan, the first workshop was organized in Brazil, focusing on the main goals of the pilot project.

Our goal with this workshop was to create a network where synergies and different experiences can be harnessed and enriched for a more global and unified approach to exploration of the deep sea.

Norway and Brazil face demanding offshore environments. Both countries are aware of their environmental challenges and understand that by cooperating they stand a better chance to succeed.

Today Brazil is the world’s eighth largest economy and one of the main markets for Norwegian business. More than a hundred Norwegian companies are operating in Brazil, most of them in the oil & gas business, located in Rio de Janeiro city.

Understanding the environmental conditions of a site is important for a variety of reasons: it is a matter of understanding value and risk to support decision making; it might be a means for informing stakeholders; and can be a requirement imposed by regulators.

Any future potential oil and gas developments need precise information about the state of the oceans, biodiversity in there, and the health of the oceans so that they can be protected in any development.

The energy industry is going deeper and deeper in the ocean, using better and better technology; science needs to be part of this process. What scientists learn and share about the ocean helps governments and commercial operators make informed choices. Considering the potential for sharing knowledge across disciplines and collaborating with multiple

stakeholders, our network will connect the key personnel and cross over the expertise.

4.1. Workshop Participation list

4.2. Organization committee

Nils Roar Hareide REC Claudia Erber REC Rune Andersen Innovation Norway Thiago Rhor Benthos Ambiental

NAME Institution

Alexandre Santos de Souza IBAMA

Aline Brasil Consultant BR

Ana Paula Brandao Pinto Statoil Brasil

Andre Vitta Gardline

Antonio Batista SEBRAE

Antonio Paes de Carvalho BioRio

Arthur Ayres Neto UFF

Barbara Calcado Benthos Ambiental

Barbara Ciqueira BioRio

Carlos Frederico Marins Gardline

Carolina Azevedo CSA

Claudia Erber REC

Daniel Jones SERPENT Project

Denise Reigada FINEP

Eduardo Abreu Gardline

Edson Watanabe COPPE

Fabiano Thompson UFRJ

Guarani de H. Cavalcanti* Petrobras

Heitor Tozzi CB&I

Ilana Sallorenzo Benthos Ambiental

Ingrid Costa USP

Katia Aguia BIO RIO

Kartens Kvalsund REC

Leonardo Santi CSA

Liana Silva AECOM

Luiz Henrique C. Barbosa AECOM Brasil

Marcos Tambuquine Marques Bio Bureau

Maria Carolina Henrique JBRJ

Maria Patricia C.Fernandez PUCRIO/Petrobras

Maria Teresa Caldeira IBAMA

Marcelo Mafra ANP

Marina Dore AECOM

Mauricio Fragoso PROOCEANO

Mario Sergio A.Oliveira OLpro

Mario Sergio Ximenez Bioconsult

Mauro de Freitas Rebelo Bio Bureau

Morten Kompen Compelling AS

Nils-Roar Hareide REC

Paula Vieira Castelloes PIR2 Consult. Amb.

Patricia S.Cotta CSA

Rafael Moura UFPE/UFRJ

Roar Hansen Kongsberg

Ronaldo Martins SEBRAE

Susanna Sichel UFF

Thiago Emilio Rhor Benthos Ambiental

Vanessa Beregrin Benthos Ambiental

Vicente Carrasco Kongsberg

Rune Andersen Innovation Norway

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4.3. The Program & Presentations DAY 1: 01/02/2017 The first day of the event had international participation from the research institutions and companies that have been developing deep-sea projects in Norway, Great Britain and Brazil. 09:30 WELCOME COFFEE

10:00 ROUND THE TABLE PRESENTATION Partners introduced themselves. 10:30 BIORIO - Kátia Aguiar About BioRIo - Pólo de Biotecnologia do Rio de Janeiro: Katia Aguiar opened the meeting by welcoming and presenting the BIORIO as an important Centre of Technology Development, inside the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.

What´s BIO-RIO Park?

Bio-Rio is a Private entity, non-profit organization, promoting entrepreneurship in the fields of biotechnology and biodiversity. BioRio is working for integrating scientific, technological, business communities. They are also promoting the technical, economic and social development of Rio de Janeiro, to produce innovative results for Brazilian society. BioRio shall identify business opportunities and technical cooperation for the Brazilian institutions worldwide; evaluate and intermediate arising business; and assist, develop and monitor the new business. BIORIO goals have synergies with the DeepSea International Consortium and it is a perfect meeting place to create new partnerships and add value to DSIC. The network consolidation will be a result of strong connections and an international identity.

BIORIO Proposal: o Being part of the global life

sciences business and knowledge network;

o Develop business and technical cooperation between Brazilian institutions and organizations worldwide , verifying needs and necessities of these organizations;

o The results measurements will be done by Brazilian exportations increasing and by the growth of the aggregate technical and scientific knowledge

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10:50 THE DEEPSEA PILOT PROJECT - Nils-Roar Hareide: About Runde Environmental Centre. Deep Sea Pilot Project Data collection: experience so far and future prospects. Nils Roar Hareide presented the REC main projects and location in Norway. Runde Environmental Center is an international research station, an exhibition space, and a meeting place for courses, seminars and conferences. Research is the dominant activity at Runde Environmental Centre marine station. The scientific plan calls for work to be done in the fields of meteorology, oceanography, marine pollution, seabird monitoring, marine biology, rocky shore monitoring, and renewable energy. The centre is used by Norwegian and foreign researchers.

Nils-Roar Hareide explained the aim of The DeepSea Pilot Project developed with Sintef, and summarized what has been done so far to build the DeepSea International Consortium. Nils-Roar also pointed out a number of challenges that have been identified, where finding and agreeing with the people (which in general are the major oil companies) that have authority to allow access to ROV operation and data collection seems to be the major one.

11:30 SERPENT PROJECT - Daniel Jones Presentation of their long term data collection project: Synergies with the DeepSea Pilot Project and Brazilian Research. Daniel Jones presented the SERPENT project, which is a project that shares common goals with the DeepSea pilot project. The SERPENT project has been going on for a number of years and has achieved much of what the DeepSea-project sets out to do. Jones could hence give solid advice on how the DeepSea project should go forward. Jones also confirmed that access issues are a major challenge in these types of projects. SERPENT is hosted by the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK. Have 15 years of SERPENT with 120 successful visits (>50 sites, 13 countries). They do collaboration with major companies. They produced 41 peer-reviewed papers, 10 additional papers featuring SERPENT data, 2 books, 6 PhD & 14 MSc students, Educational Outreach & Public Awareness and participated in 8 television, 2 radio, 29 popular magazines, 5 newspapers (also in their website have ~100,000 hits, >200,000 people reached in 5 high-profile exhibits, 10+ others, 2250 database items and >10,000,000 views of SERPENT Videos. Through frequent access and survey, they can get a much better appreciation of the diversity of deepwater life. Using the highly dexterous ROV manipulators, they can conduct experiments on the deep-sea floor to investigate the processes that occur there. Many of their industrial partners have conducted surveys in the past, most of which are very useful to science. Through working with industry, they get access to vast archives of past data. SERPENT is acting as a portal to extract these data from the archives and send it to scientists who are interested. With all these data they publish scientific papers, use the images and video for education and outreach to inform the public of the animal life that is out there. There are two main approaches in SERPENT, the first is widespread and works across all partner companies installations:

DSIC workshop shall create a network where synergies can be harnessed and enriched for a more global and unified approach for the exploration and conservation of the deep-sea environment. “

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They send information and requests out to the rigs and vessels for any existing footage of animals and their behaviours and encourage the ROV team to observe marine organisms and conduct surveys in standby time using simple protocols that they have developed through extensive experience in offshore ROV operations. Through this method, they have obtained many of their best images and videos. The second approach is much more involved and can yield a huge amount of information on deep-water seabed environments too expensive or not possible to obtain from traditional environmental assessments. These visits are built into monitoring programs adding value to existing work. A scientist will go offshore to work with the ROV teams to conduct targeted, usually applied research. They plan the trip at a time where there is maximal stand-by time, they conduct experiments and surveys on the seafloor and more detailed observations of species and behaviours, to add to the sparse knowledge of these deep-water environments. Research is targeted at clear gaps in environmental knowledge of an area often identified in impact assessment stage examples include recolonization, recovery and biodiversity. SERPENT has the “knowhow” of capacity building biodiversity work, and has interest in hot spots as Norway and Brazil. In addition to the numerous industry partners, they have a global network of experts at universities and research centres to add value to the research that is done by every partner. 12:10 LUNCH 13:15 CENPES/PETROBRAS - Guarani de Hollanda Cavalcanti : Projects Habitats and Ambes. Future Prospects for Brazilian DeepSea Research. Guarani presented the overview of deep-sea coral ecosystem in Campos, Santos and Espirito Santo Basin.

Around 65% of Petrobras offshore exploration blocks, in Brazil, are in water depths over 400 m. Consequently, in recent years the company has increased its exploration drilling activities in deeper and deeper water. Around 90 % of data from Brazilian deep-sea was generated by Petrobras. The Research & Development Centre (CENPES) of Petrobras has been collecting Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) image data since 2004. Along the years, they developed partnerships with Brazilian universities and companies. Since 2008, ROV images are requested by IBAMA - Brazilian Environmental Agency, before the start of an exploration campaign by oil companies. IBAMA also requires seafloor images around any exploratory wells, before and after drilling, to evaluate the impacts associated with this activity, and requires the seafloor images along all pipeline routes to identify the presence of sensitive organisms, before the deployment of pipelines at the seafloor. Important new data are being generated on Brazilian deep-sea in response to two main driving forces: 1), the nation’s need, and 2), a growing pressure on offshore oil and gas companies by environmental authorities requiring baseline information and impact assessment of their activities. This scenario permitted the discovery of numerous deep-sea species. There is a new project been developed by CENPES, USP, UFRJ and other univerisites to create a library of ROV images from the Brazilian

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deep sea. This new “Images library” will be an important baseline for the deep-sea conservation and for the new activities of oil and gas industry in the deep-sea.

13:45 STATOIL - Ana Paula Brandao Pinto Peregrino and Calcareous seaweed Monitoring Project (PEMCA).

Developed by Statoil through R&D clause established by Concession Agreement for Peregrino Field; Implemented as part of the Environmental Monitoring Programme (“PMA”) from drilling activities. PEMCA Main activities: Laboratory studies on the taxonomy and effects from exposure to drill cuttings. Development of new technologies for monitoring the potential impact from drill cuttings discharge.

PEMCA Main Conclusions: The calcareous algae bank represents a rich biological habitat of high biodiversity. Calcareous algae are relatively robust species considering resistance to sedimentation. Calcareous algae have a self-cleaning capacity using its rolling movements by the currents to continuously clean itself from sediment. No evidence of contribution from the drilling activities could be found either in sediment traps or lander. The technology developed and delivered by PEMCA project enables calcareous algae monitoring in similar situations.

Serpent Project & DSIC & CENPES Can work together to create the new “ROV Images Library” in Brazil: Working together, it shall be possible to organize a database and guidelines to collect and access the deep-sea information with high standard quality.

PEMCA CONTRIBUTIONS: Technology delivered for laboratory testing. Technology improved for subsea monitoring. A technical group was established by the Brazilian Environmental Ministry (MMA) and the Brazilian Institute for Petroleoum, Gas and Biofuels (IBP) a technical group to work on the topic. Statoil is currently leading this work group by IBP side based on our experience with PEMCA project. Publication of “Digital Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Life in Peregrino Field,

Campos Basin, Brazil”.

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14:15 CB&I – Heitor Tozzi SubSea Projects. Heitor Tozzi from CB&I presented the different innovations projects at subsea sector worldwide.

CB&I designs, engineers and constructs some of the world’s largest energy infrastructure projects, providing a full spectrum of EPC solutions and proven process technologies, as well as a comprehensive package of aftermarket services. In the energy sector, they focus on the upstream oil & gas, downstream oil & gas, LNG and power markets. In addition, they provide environmental protection and remediation services for government and commercial customers worldwide. 14:45 UFF - Susanna Eleonora Sicchel and Arthur Ayres: Origin and Evolution of the Abyssal Peridotites of Saint Paul Massif, Equatorial Atlantic Ocean and Future Perspectives.

An overview of their projects was presented:

The St Paul diving program 1997/1998 with sample of a deep dive, which was collected from the depth of 1523 m. Submersible: NAUTILE. Organizers: IFREMER-UBO

COLMEIA = COLd Mantle Exhumation and Intra-transform Accretion, 201

And the next project for 2017 with TRITON 3300/3 , diving up to 1000m

CB&I Expertise: The planning and execution of a deep-sea project requires extensive knowledge of numerous geographical, political, regulatory, social and environmental issues. With offices worldwide CB&I can provide the specialized knowledge and skills needed to work effectively with landowners, local authorities and environmental agencies.

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15:10 COFFEE BREAK 15:30 KONGSBERG - Vicente Carrasco Underwater remote monitoring above the space and the time serie limits The last presentation of the day was made by Vicente Carrasco, where he showed the underwater remote monitoring solutions.

Kongsberg’s Technology has different Sensors, Plattforms and Applications.

Examples for the Subsea monitoring are: Environmental Monitoring with Scientific Approach, Oil & Gas, Subsea Noise and Leak Detection. Subsea monitoring is also important for Aquaculture & Fish Farming and can be used for Windfarm Scour Monitoring. Kongsberg has many sensors solutions for ROVs

And other Platforms: AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle), USV (Unmammed Surface Vehicle), K- Lander, Surface Buoys and Sail Drone. Kongsberg is developing and using integration packages with the focus on high accuracy, high quality, core technology in house and development of new technologies it is possible to measure CO2, CH4, CH2 . Kongsberg aims to develop solutions for Industrial Projects and Research Projects:

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Integration of underwater video and acoustic mapping for the biological and geological characterization of the seafloor PROPOSAL: Acquisition of acoustical data using single- and multi-beam systems and, if possible, side scan sonar (limited depth operation). Acquisition of seafloor images to “calibrate” the geophysical data with seabed information regarding substrate type (sediment or rock), and the presence or absence of a particular benthic species. Use specific attributes to correlate geophysical data with geological / biological information to map the distribution of benthic communities.

Kongsberg SubSea Concept: Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment

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DAY2:02/02/2017

09:45 WELCOME COFFEE

10:15 INNOVATION NORWAY-BRAZIL - Rune Andersen: Collaboration between enterprises and knowledge communities through cluster and network Rune Andersen introduced the second day of the workshop. He explained what Innovation Norway is and how the cluster model can be developed in Brazil.

Cluster collaboration give companies new ideas and access to partners. Companies taking actively part in organised clusters perform better. Dynamic clusters create the best environment and opportunities for entrepreneurs. Clusters are drivers for regional development. For DSIC to become a cluster it will be necessary to have stronger interaction and collaboration, common strategic focus, increased innovation and entrepreneurship,

better access to competence, stronger global orientation, improved attractiveness and increased value creation and competiveness. DSIC will apply the Cluster Model with:

Geographical concentration (Brazil and Norway),

Companies in the lead (subsea and offshore companies),

R&D and Educational institutions important partners (universities, technological centres, Innovation Norway, Research Council of Norway and Finep),

A potential for collaboration (consolidation of network)

An active facilitation (Claudia Erber as a key person).

The Norwegian Cluster Model

Innovation Norway can support the new cluster, from the bottom up process:

By evaluations By research projects And orientation

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10:35 ROUND TABLE The Round Table had the participation of Antonio Batista (Coordinator at Petroleum and Gas – SEBRAE), Denise Cristiano Reigada (Analyst of the Department of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Naval Industry of FINEP), Fabiano Thompson (Oceanographer and Prof.of Marine Biology at SAGE-COPPE / TOTAL), Marcelo M.Borges de Macedo (Head of Safety Operation & Environment at National Petroleum Agency – ANP), Maria Teresa (General Coordinator at Petroleum and Gas - CGPEG/IBAMA) and Alexandre Santos de Souza (Environment Analyst at CGPEG/IBAMA). With the coordination of Nils Roar Hareide. The main points discussed were: How can we introduce incentive, and connect the business needs and sensor development in the subsea fleet with biological and oceanographic information, to create effective monitoring of the deep-sea environment?

What scientists learn and share about the ocean helps governments and commercial operators make informed choices. Normally, the scientists and their technical work are rarely shared with ANP'´s technicians. IBAMA wants to open up a new communication channel with ANP. Because of changes in the license process in Brazil in the last year, it is difficult to create new projects and requirements for the oil and gas activities to monitor and avoid their impact in the deep-sea environment. IBAMA can create recommendation for the deep-sea monitoring, to the scientific community apply the monitoring and ANP accept as part of the oil and gas exploration licencing process in deep sea areas.

What are the advantages for offshore activities to support the deep-sea environment monitoring? There are many advantages on sharing information that can support a better and faster environmental licence issuing or a decommissioning process. The data baseline will be used for the scientific community and for the industry to choose better places to explore, minimizing the cost of their activity. How can we integrate and share knowledge with multiple stakeholders? We can do that in a formal workgroup (Technical Cooperation Agreement). With the new Cluster the knowledge will flow into all areas involved in deep-sea exploration and conservation 12:30 LUNCH

Microbiology, omics, and the understanding of reef systems by Fabiano Thompson He presented a new study about the BLUE AMAZON. The Amazon reefs are transition from accretive to erosional structures and encompass extensive rhodolith beds. Carbonate structures function as a connectivity corridor for wide depth–ranging reef-associated species, being heavily colonized by large sponges and other structure-forming filter feeders that dwell under low light and high levels of particulates. The oxycline between the plume and subplume is associated with chemoautotrophic and anaerobic microbial metabolisms. The system described here provides several insights about the responses of tropical reefs to suboptimal and marginal reef-building conditions, which are accelerating worldwide due to global changes. The scientist show the BAMBA – Brazilian Marine Biodiversity Database, which allows integrated views of different data types concerning Brazilian marine environment, and is a potential tool to be used for improving governance of marine resources. BaMBa is focused on carefully curated and secured marine datasets. From the data analysis point of view, it is important to expose the information stored in the integrated database in a way that is easy to consume that would enable better integration with statistical tools, and scientific workflows management system for the reproducibility and validation of data analysis routines.

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After lunch, subsea projects from different consultant companies working for oil and gas industry in Brazil were presented. 13:30 AECOM - Luiz Henrique C. Barbosa Subsea Projects

AECOM have been doing important work in developing acompilation of all published data related to deep-water corals in Brazil. ArcGISOnline data:

13:50 BENTHOS AMBIENTAL - Ilana Sallorenzo: Benthic macrofauna of the Espírito Santo Basin - Project Ambes.

This work was part of a major project to characterize physically, chemically, geologically and biologically the continental shelf and -slope of the Espírito Santo Basin and a northern portion of the Campos Basin. These regions are large oil and gas exploration areas, making this study very important for future environmental planning assessment. Benthos Ambiental was responsible for the entire process of sample treatment, from the arrival of the material up to the identification of benthic organisms at Family level.

From 70 stations (25 to 3000 m) - 42 stations were at deep sea

almost 200.000 organisms - 60% from slope and canyons.

The Espírito Santo Basin characterization project has been developed since 2011 and the equivalent project was carried out in Campos Basin (2009-2011). These basins are of extreme importance for oil-pre-salt exploration in Brazil.

AECOM contribution for the DSIC: Support in GIS platform preparation. Organize the historical data. Provide and/or train the technicians onboard in the images obtainment. Data analysis (specialists). Update the project system. Project marketing.

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14:10 PROOCEANO - Mauricio da Rocha Fragoso: Integrated Metocean Solutions

Prooceano have been working with Sea-gliders since 2013 in Brazil (1st glider deployment in Brazilian Waters, Blue Project). In 2014 Prooceano started a project with Petrobras using glider and wave glider to improve ocean forecast. And in 2015 the company get the contract for Acoustic Monitoring with Gliders. The BLUE PROJECT (Project Azul - http://projetoazul.eco.br) was a pilot program for Santos Basin/Brasil for continuous 3-D data collection; at near real-time data for data assimilation; to develop a public database for academy & industry. It was Funded by BG-Brasil (now Shell) and performed by PROOCEANO and UFRJ. With 5 gliders it was possible to collect CTD, DO, Chlorophyll, CDOM, Turbidity data and work on 2 transects. Resulting in: 9,757 dives; ~20.000 km and 728/729 days of operation. The Project Azul was the First 4DVAR Ocean data assimilation performed in Brazil:

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) can give many benefits such as: get the sensor closer to the target, higher resolution, less noise, more stability = less gaps, multiple data sets from a single pass, better positioning and more stable than towed bodies. Gliders are faster than Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV)or other traditional methods.

During PEMCA Project, PROOCEANO improved accuracy in modelling combining data from laboratory experiments with measured environmental and discharge data. Focused impact assessment by establishment of species specific impact categories. Improved dispersion modelling with sufficient temporal resolution on environmental and discharge data:

Assessing the potential impact of water-based drill cuttings on deep-water calcareous red algae using species specific impact categories and measured oceanographic and discharge data: The potential impact of drill cuttings on the two deep water calcareous red algae Mesophyllum engelhartii and Lithothamnion sp. from the Peregrino oil field was assessed. Dispersion modelling of drill cuttings was performed for a two year period using measured oceanographic and discharge data with 24 h resolution. The model was also used to assess the impact on the two algae species using four species specific impact categories: No, minor, medium and severe impact. The corresponding intervals for photosynthetic efficiency (ΦPSIImax) and sediment coverage were obtained from exposure–response relationship for photosynthetic efficiency as function of sediment coverage for the two algae species. The temporal resolution enabled more accurate model predictions as short-term changes in discharges and environmental conditions could be detected. The assessment shows that there is a patchy risk for severe impact on the calcareous algae stretching across the transitional zone and into the calcareous algae bed at Peregrino.

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14:30 CSA OCEAN SCIENCES – Leonardo Santi

Sampling from an ROV: Deepwater communities and their sensitivity to oil spills and oil & gas activities

CSA has a structure capable of supporting the development of ROV based environmental sampling activities worldwide:

Atlantic Deepwater Canyon Surveys Client: Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement. At Offshore Virginia and Maryland, USA: Exploration and investigation of deep-water biological communities, oceanographic processes, and archaeological sites

Deepwater Photo Documentation Client: Serport S.A. serving Anadarko Colombia Oil & Gas Exploration At Colombia. To Provide, deliver, mobilize, and operate deep-water still camera system. Photo documented seabed at 2,650 m water depth

Assessment, Survey, and Classification of Marine Habitats in Response to Macondo Spill Client: Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) – Water column, sediment, plankton, mesopelagic fishes, pelagic fishes, benthic fishes, natural hydrocarbon seeps. At Mississippi-Alabama Pinnacles Trend reef assessment

Characterization of Northern Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Hard Bottom Communities with Emphasis on Lophelia Coral: At Gulf Of Mexico. To

Characterize non-chemosynthetic megafaunal and macrofaunal hard bottom communities. And to determine tolerance limits of Lophelia to temperature, sediment loads, and food supply.

Oceanographic Characterization Client: Petrobras (UO-RIO). At Campos Basin, RJ, Brazil: To collect and analyze samples for characterize the environmental conditions of representative oilrigs.

14:50 GARDLINE MARINE SCIENCES OF BRASIL - Fred Marins: Deep Water Marine Surveys

Gardline has an extensive high tech projects. They have the largest equipment pool in South America. The Key Projects in Brazil 2013-2016:

LEPLAC : 20-4500m water dephts Pipeline Route Surveys : 10-200m wd Santos Basin Environmental Baseline

Survey: 100-3000m water depths Barreirinhas Environmental Baseline

Survey: 25-2500m water dephts Barreirinhas MetOcean: 25-1900m w. ES MetOcean Surveys: 1900-2600m w. Frade MetOcean System: Mooring

Design real time at 1500m w.d. LIBRA MetOcean: 1 Deep water buoy

real time data trasmition 1 d.w. mooring line 2200m

Cable Route Surveys: 0-4500m w.d. Marine Geotechnics Marine Wildlife PAMS

Gardline experience: Geophysical, Geotechnical and Environmental data represents major areas of interest for Oil & Gas companies. Seabed Morphology, Soil Resistance and Habitat Assessments are key elements for subsea engineering and biodiversity studies and can be combined onto a single survey cruise.

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15:10 COFFEE BREAK 15:20 POSTER PRESENTATION Posters are presented at Appendix. During the Poster Session were presented the research from UFPE/UFRJ (by Rafael Moura), from USP (by Ingrid Costa), from Benthos Ambiental (by Thiago Rhor) and from REC (Karsten Kvalsund with Glider poster and Claudia Erber with The DeepSubSea Project onboard Deep Vision Vessel poster).

15:50 DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY Divided in three groups: Data Collection Group Coordinator: Daniel Jones

Leading Question & Discussion: Which data collection opportunities could we explore to develop an important international collaboration? Jones introduced the discussion and presented the leading question. To stimulate the discussion he suggested a biodiversity project, potentially using image material, could bring a range of expertise together to form an international collaboration. Several participants (Guarani H. Cavalcanti and Ana Paula B.Pinto) suggested that these initiatives were important but networks already existed within the individual companies (or with a small group of existing subcontractors) and suitable expertise was available. As such, additional effort in this space could duplicate what was already being done. Jones suggested focussing on the big questions or problems where major advances could be made. From the discussion and the rest of the meeting it was clear that there are a lot of existing deep-water data within Brazil, it was just not well known, not accessible or not comparable. AP said that from a contractor’s experience a major problem was in data incomparability. At present, it was not possible to develop integrative studies between studies or gain regional understanding. This problem was caused by evolving approaches within companies and different approaches between

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companies. As a result, a lot of effort is spent reorganising data into lots of different formats for different companies, each of which required different information. The representatives of the oil companies (GHC and APBP) and the regulator (Alexandre Souza) said that these approaches and differences had arisen accidentally. Furthermore, they welcomed initiatives to standardise data. Each company has detailed requirements as parts of their contractual terms. Many benefits could be obtained by integrating these between companies, producing a single set of contractual terms that define a mutually acceptable data standard. This would save effort for the contracting companies as well as providing the operators and regulators with a standard format that would facilitate comparisons. It seems that data collation (from past projects) could be a valuable opportunity. The data exist in the form of pdf reports and sometimes GIS data. IBAMA have many of these on CDs / harddrives, but they are not available on the internet or databased. Raw data are not always easily accessible. Data management was thus identified as being important. There was a general feeling within the group that we do not want to develop another database. There are already plenty available. It would be useful to focus on one, which is easy to use, easy to enter data and integrates with other international efforts (e.g. OBIS for species data). It was also mentioned that converting between databases is relatively easy if they all store the same information. The problem can be split into two areas, dealing with past data and developing best practice to ensure future data are collected optimally. There were some opportunities identified for each of these tasks. Past data: Creation of a meta-database detailing all

available data for Brazil, with as much data

about the studies as possible. This would

require an extensive effort to find and

document pertinent details from old datasets.

This may be possible to crowdsource to some

degree (with institutions each contributing

their datasets).

Data mining from old studies, converting old

studies into a standardised format and

entering data into a database – this will lead to

lots of potential scientific applications when

done including regional reviews, meta-analysis

etc.

It is important, if doing this, to gain a measure

of data quality. A checklist approach was

suggested. Potentially following the approach

used by the NOAA AOML TSG Operations data

quality control and distribution checklist (see

e.g.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/tsg/data

/qc_sheet.pdf)

Future data: Best-practice standards could be developed

that could be used by all companies. This would

clearly require input and ownership by all

involved to ensure that they were happy with

resultant standards. These would ensure that

everyone is recording the best possible data

and ensure that everyone is recording the

same things in the same way, greatly

facilitating synthesis.

Sharing and coordination of contractual terms

for data acquisition sub-contractors would be

greatly beneficial. All companies have

conditions in their contracts with data

acquisition contractors that stipulate data

provision requirements. These have evolved

iteratively and are similar but different

between operators. Harmonising these

conditions, so there are standard

environmental data acquisition contract terms,

would be valuable and facilitate comparisons

between datasets. This could be endorsed by

IBAMA and help them collect, store and serve

data.

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Sensor Development Group Coordinator: Vicente Carrasco

Leading Question & Discussion: What Type of sensors are ROVs missing to improve the understanding of the deep-sea? No sensors missing per se, but want improvements:

Better resolution for backscatter bathymetry data collection.

Sensor with higher accuracy, better positioning

More artificial intelligence to react according to and depending onthe special condition of the area.

More interaction between data collection platforms.

Optical spectometry sensor collecting data close to the bottom able to give more information with broad spectrum which could be used to (?) detect organism material.

Camera able to identify species. Wise combination of technologies to

achieve better capabilities. Business Group Coordinator: Rune Andersen

To organize it as a Norwegian-Brazilian cluster was thought of as a good idea, with Runde Environmental Center as the focal point. Probably there should be established a focal point also in Brazil. The name Deep Sea Environmental Monitoring Cluster was perceived to be descriptive and pointed. Business want to get organized and saw the need to stablish the initiative in Norway and Brazil, within Petrobras and Statoil, the relevant universities and authorities and relevant industry participants at large. The group talked about who was missing and mentioned Navy-DHN, BNDES, CPRN in addition to other universities and institutions working on the subject. But this does not change the fact that this workshop was perceived to be a big success with representatives of many important organizations in the meeting.

16:45 CONCLUSION & FUTURE PROSPECTS The general feedback from all participants was that the workshop included lectures of high quality resulting in multi-disciplinary approaches and informative discussions. All participants of the workshop wanted to continue this initiative. In the end of the event, as an important conclusion, it was decided to create one Cluster according with the model "Arena", from Norway. In this model, the companies and

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researchers can tie contacts and consolidate new networks. A webpage/web-solution to establish a virtual center for the cluster is needed to establish easy access to participants, information and also in the marketing of the cluster. Presentations will be made available from the speakers that has approved this. The participants list with contact data will also be made available. We need to create the agenda for the way forward and ask the participants for suggestions how to proceed. 17:00 – 19:00 COCKTAIL

5. Trends in Deep-Sea Conservation in Brazil

The exploration of deep-sea resources on continental margins is increasing worldwide. In the SW Atlantic, Campos Basin has been Brazil's main deep-sea area for oil and gas extraction since the 1980′s, with currently over 11,000 km2 of leased blocks below 200 m depth. The historical record of exploration and the lack of a basin-wide management for the offshore industry in the SW Atlantic threaten the biodiversity and ecological function of vulnerable deep-sea ecosystems.

Around the world, the offshore oil industry is subject to varying standards of environmental assessment and protection, yet several areas within legal economic jurisdiction lack legislation for scientifically based management and protection (Cordes et al, 2016). In Brazil, after concession of areas for offshore exploration, the environmental governancy (IBAMA) issues exploration and production licences for each individual project. During the prospecting or production stage, the Brazilian legislation requires several Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA, CONAMA, 1986) from each offshore platform. There are no standard setback distances or regulatory recommendations for protection and monitoring of vulnerable deep-sea ecosystem.

During the last decades, the deep-sea basin off Brazil margins has become increasingly targeted by the oil and gas industry, with current operational depth limits extending deeper than 2000 m. For example, the oil production from the pre-salt reservoirs located between 1000 m and 2000 m water depth in Brazil EEZ has increased by 1002% between 2010 and 2014, whereas the average onshore production decreased by 12% (ANP, 2015). Brazil’s environmental regulations have strict demands for operational permits, but the management of deep-sea ecosystems is not included during the process of bidding rounds for exploration (Mariano and La Rovere, 2007 apud Almada and Bernardino, 2017). As a result, the leased oil and gas field broadly overlap with vulnerable deep-sea ecosystems of high biological and ecological relevance, including cold-water corals, submarine

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canyons and slope sediments (Arantes et al., 2009; Clark et al. 2014, Bernardino et al., 2016).

Managing the deep sea for both chronic and acute effects related to offshore oil and gas exploration needs to be enforced by legislation requiring independent assessments, open data access and reporting (Cordes et al., 2016 apud Almada and Bernardino, 2017)

Another aspect that needs attention is the threats that global change and its possible interactions with local stressors represents for deep-sea environment. These threats can have numerous consequences for these ecosystems but, unfortunately, in Brazil studies investigating the impact of global change and/or local stressors are still lacking (Kerr et al., 2016).

This demands networking within the Brazilian scientific community, in order to coordinate, for example, collective efforts to perform baseline characterization of these formations in Brazil. Such characterization on a large scale will provide us with a better understanding of the factors that determine different patterns of diversity and abundance. This will provide us information for the creation and improvement of models that will enhance our ability to predict the distribution of species in the coming decades.

In order to provide evidence of the expected consequences of global change, we also need to prioritize where research efforts have to be placed: understanding the interaction between anthropogenic stressors and deep-sea life, understanding whether species may adapt or become acclimatized to future deep-sea conditions and how this will affect species interactions and ecosystem stability, and monitoring and modelling temporal, spatial and habitat variability in in order to more accurately predict future changes on the regional and local scale. It will be vital to develop the most appropriate strategies for the mitigation or remediation of or even the adaptation to future scenarios related to global climate change.

6. LESSONS LEARNED FROM

SERPENT PROJECT

The monitoring approach in our future “Nordic Serpent Project” shall be based on passive observation of the seabed environment, with minimum collection of physical samples and insignificant disturbance on the environment, and the use of the ROV as part of normal routine of the subsea vessel operation. Imaging methodologies by ROV can be used in a variety of studies including survey, observation and documentation (non-destructive and non-selective), recording of behaviour and activities of marine life. Image analyses have played an increasing role in remote sensing, environmental monitoring and assessment, and basic biological and geological research collected over vast distances and areas have been used for obtaining data applicable to long term environmental studies. The opportunistic science visits on board the subsea vessels will enable improved environmental management and ability to document the local habitat condition. This approach may represent a significant step in the direction of better control and environmental management for areas where special focus is needed. Further use and increased experience with this type of environmental monitoring may contribute to cost reductions in the equipment applied. The SERPENT project cooperation has already been established during the SubSea Pilot Project, and they are also interested to support high technology research to develop sensor and equipment for the study of the deep sea. Working opportunistically with industry to increase access and to create new data, cooperating with science institutions to understand the deep-sea, the Nordic Serpent Project will also consolidate a network with global partners.

The Serpent Project aims to use the networks and momentum from the DSIC to build a Norwegian/Nordic branch of the SERPENT project.

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7. LESSON LEARNED FROM INNOVATION NORWAY – BRAZIL

The sea bottom of our oceans is one of the least explored area on earth, and this fact is opening up an important set of activities as the technological development increasingly enables human activity in these areas. Sea bottom activity is at the same time offering a huge potential and huge threats as we increasingly strive for sustainable solutions to safeguard our future. The environmental consequences of this activity must therefore be investigated and the need for knowledge and dissemination of the knowledge is huge. The DSIC Workshop opens up for a cooperation between Norway and Brazil that has substantial potential to contribute to this knowledge. Both countries have considerable activity in geology and earth sciences as well as marine and maritime activities. The subject of the seminar attracted public authorities, scientific institutions and business society. The complexity of deep sea environmental monitoring makes all the stakeholders interdependent of cooperation and thus motivates a joint effort.

Any future potential oil and gas developments need precise information about the state of the oceans, and the health and biodiversity of the oceans so that they can be protected in any development. The energy industry is going deeper and deeper in the ocean, using better and better technology, and science needs to be part of this process. What scientists learn and share about the ocean helps governments and commercial operators make informed choices. Considering the potential for sharing knowledge across disciplines and collaborating with multiple stakeholders, our network will connect the key personnel and cross over the expertise. There are very good possibilities for cooperating and for developing international cooperation between oil and gas industry and scientists in Brazil, Norway and England. This project has developed a good platform for a new Cluster.

8. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

In Deep-Sea Science, there are many new species to be discovered. In most deep-water environments, we cannot predict the most common species in advance so it is vital to understand processes on the seafloor as well. An industry network is the best potential solution to increase ROV time.

The complex and dynamic nature of environmental problems requires flexible and transparent decision-making that embraces a diversity of knowledges and values. For this reason, stakeholder participation in environmental decision-making has been increasingly sought and embedded into national and international policy. There is evidence that stakeholder participation can enhance the quality of environmental decisions by considering more comprehensive information inputs. However, the quality of decisions made through stakeholder participation is strongly dependent on the nature of the process leading to them. Stakeholder participation needs to emphasise empowerment, equity, trust and learning. Where relevant, participation should be considered as early as possible and throughout the process, representing relevant stakeholders systematically. The process needs to have clear objectives from the outset.

Local and scientific knowledges need to be integrated to provide a more comprehensive understanding of complex and dynamic ecological systems and processes. Such knowledge can also be used to evaluate the appropriateness of potential technical and local solutions to environmental problems.

Finally, it is important to overcome many of its limitations; stakeholder participation must be institutionalised, creating organisational cultures that can facilitate processes where goals are negotiated by everyone.

Multidisciplinary personnel + Multi-Purpose vessels +

Multipack data collection = cost effective solution

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9. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS We want to connect scientists from different countries and increase the value of deep-sea science, by stimulating the new marine environmental monitoring on board subsea vessels. We shall increase understanding of the deep-sea environment using work-class ROV, and improve the technology in use for the subsea fleet and offshore sector. The DeepSea International Consortium shall maintain a continuous exchange of information and cooperation. The network must be run automatically and keep the professionals connected. DSIC will organize a new workshop in Norway to get Norwegian stakeholders into the consortium. With the mutual interest from Norwegians and Brazilians we will consolidate a bilateral cooperation with deep-sea expertize. DSIC will take part at the “November Conference” follow-up or as an associate event in Brazil. The cooperation with Innovation Norway and FINEP are motivating cooperation for research-oriented business. The November Conference already has the participation of 6 companies from Brazil and 6 companies from Norway working with COPPE, UFRJ, University of Santa Catarina, Campinas and USP. They have a strong interest in new strategic partners. The participants of the DSIC Workshop showed a strong interest to take part in the event in November, 2017. The network between universities, oil companies, and subsea shipping owners will build a structured Cluster as a key to unlock overseas capacity with existing competencies and personnel in the countries involved. DSIC Workshop is the first step to build one important Cluster to increase competitiveness through long-term internal and external collaboration, between companies and R&D institutions.

10. NEXT STEPS:

Consolidation of the DeepSea International Consortium.

Create a virtual center for the Cluster .

Organize the Deep-Sea International Consortium Workshop in Norway.

Participation at November Conference in Brazil.

Build the DeepSea Cluster up to the end of 2017.

Develop the Nordic Serpent Project.

Support the “Brazilian ROV Image Library”.

Organize annual meetings for the DeepSea International professionals.

It is about connection & Integration

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11. SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS DSIC

Alexandre Santos de Souza – CGPEG/IBAMA Bachelor in biology from UFRJ. Master in zoology from the National Museum / UFRJ. Doctor of Zoology from the National Museum / UFRJ. IBAMA environmental analyst, acting in the environmental licensing of offshore oil and gas activities, in the General Coordination of Oil and Gas for 14 years Aline Brasil – Consultant Petrobras Biologist, Msc. in Marine Biology at UFF. 3 years of experience in environmental projects (INT, PETROBRAS, Jardim Botânico). 3 years of experience in Marine Ecology Laboratory (UFF), working with ecology of polychaetes. Internal Audit in the norms ISO 9001, 14001 and OHSAS 18001 (BSGI). Ana Paula Brandão Pinto – STATOIL Brasil Master in Marine Science by Santa Úrsula University. Environmental Analyst Statoil Brasil. Ten years of experience on the implementation of Environmental Projects requested by IBAMA - Brazilian Environmental Agency, in the E&P industry. Participation on PEMCA Project (monitoring of calcareous algae from Peregrino Field, Campos Basin) in 2012 (Lander and ROV). André Penteado Vitta – Gardline Marine Sciences do Brasil André is an oceanographer with 12 years of experience in designing, setting up and deployment and recovery of metocean equipment in shallow and deep water. He started his carrier as field oceanographer moved to an Operation Manager position at Woods Hole Group in Brazil. Andre joined Gardline in 2014 as MetOcean Project Manager and since then has managed deep and shallow water projects for Oil major’s offshore Brazil. Antonio Paes de Carvalho – BioRio Director EXTRACTA Moléculas Naturais S/A (Apr 1998 – Present). Teacher at UFRJ from 1996 to 2000. Doctor, Biochemical and Biophysical (1954-1959) from UFRJ.

Antonio Ricardo Batista Ribeiro Neto - SEBRAE Mechanical Engineer (UFPa). Specialist in Project Management (FGV). Master and Doctor in Production Engineering from COPPE / UFRJ. Certified Project Management Professional (PMP). Works for SEBRAE since 1999 in the development of projects to improve the competitiveness of small businesses. Currently, he is the Coordinator of the SEBRAE / RJ Oil and Gas Unit. Arthur Ayres Neto - UFF Graduated in geology at UFRJ. MSc. at UFF (Brazil) and PhD at Uni-Kiel (Germany) in marine geology and geophysics with emphasis is underwater acoustics applied to engineering and environmental projects. Main research focus is on underwater geoacoustics and correlation of geophysical attributes with physical properties of the seafloor. Barbara Calcado - Benthos Ambiental Bachelor's degree in Biological Science at Santa Ursula University (USU, 2008). Amphipod taxonomy specialist. Operational Manager at Benthos Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental, environmental consulting company. Experience in the last 7 years in studies of environmental characterization projects of Campos and Espírito Santos Basins (Cenpes/ Petrobras). Barbara Ciqueira – BIORIO Master's Degree in Environmental Engineering at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ. Graduated in Biological Sciences (2005) and Business Administration (2012) by the University of Grande Rio - UNIGRANRIO. Specialization / MBA in Environmental Planning and Management from Universidade Veiga de Almeida - UVA (2007). Currently, she works as an Advisor for the Development of Projects and Businesses in the Institutional Relations and Business Management of BIO-RIO Foundation. Carlos Frederico Marins - Gardline Marine Sciences of Brazil Responsible for Business Development, Marketing & Customer Relationship within Brazil and South American markets. Marine Scientist (Bsc) and Business Manager (Msc) with 9 years working for the Oil & Gas,

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Renewables and Telecom industries directly involved with offshore surveys and nearshore site investigations. Carolina Azevedo – CSA Graduated in Oceanography at Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (2011) and Masters Degree in progress in Oceanography, with Oceanographic Processes on Continent-Ocean Interface. She has expertise with oceanographic instrumentation on biological, physical, chemistry and geological áreas acquired during her graduation. Experience with technical consulting, installation and maintenance of various offshore and onshore equipment. Claudia Erber - REC Biologist, Msc. and MBA in Environmental Science. Developed her expertise in bioacoustics of cetaceans. Has extensive experience in projects related to environmental impact of energy industry on the marine environment. Since 1996 participate in cetacean research and since 2002 develops environmental education projects through offshore. Coordinated Environmental Projects. Created the Environment Technician Course and worked with Emergency Plans for Oil Industry. In Norway, she is working with subsea projects and developing an international consortium for deep-sea research. Daniel Jones – Serpent Project Principal Scientist at Natural Environment Research Council (Sep 2015 – Present). Senior Scientist at Natural Environment Research Council (Apr 2010 – Sep 2015) at National Oceanography Centre. Secondment to Safety & Operational Risk Group BP (2012). Senior Researcher at University of Southampton (Feb 2006 – Apr 2010). PhD Biologist (2002 – 2005). MSc, Marine Resource Management, Heriot-Watt University (2001 – 2002) and BSc (hons) Bangor University, Marine Biology (1998 – 2001) Denise Cristiano Reigada – FINEP Analyst of the Department of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Naval Industry (DPGN) of FINEP, subordinate to the Ministry of Science

and Technology (MCT) Effective Partner of the Brazilian Society of Physics. Carrier of the Michigan Certificate of Proficiency in English (1988); PhD in Physics (2000) PUC-RJ), having obtained a bachelor's degree in Physics in 1993 (UFF - Niterói); Areas of expertise: non-linear optics, protective coatings and probe microscopes. Specialization Course in Public Policy (2010) - Institute of Economics - UFRJ. Eduardo Abreu de Souza - Gardline Marine Sciences do Brasil Eduardo is a marine geologist specialized in marine geophysics with 29 years of experience in acquisition, processing and delivering of marine data. Eduardo joined Gardline later in 2013 as a Technical and Operations Manager been responsible for vessel mobilisation, personnel allocation, equipment specs and data centre coordinator. Edson Watanable – COPPE Vice Director COPPE/UFRJ (Jun 2013 – Present). Professor COPPE/UFRJ (1981 – 2011). Graduation at UFRJ (1971 – 1975 ). Fabiano Thompson – COPPE Post doctorate at Ghent University, Belgium (2003-2004), Ph.D. Biochemistry at Ghent University, Belgium (2003), M.S. Biological Oceanography at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (1999), B.S. Oceanography Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (1997). From 2014 to present works at COPPE-UFRJ, Rio, as professor in the Production Engineer Program. Has over 160 published papers, 01 ASM edited book, 01 The Prokaryotes 4ed. Edited. Guarani de Hollanda Cavalcanti - Petrobras Master degree in cell and molecular biology at FIOCRUZ where he developed research in bio corrosion. Since 2001 works with Evaluation Management and Environmental Monitoring at Petrobras Research Centre (CENPES), which coordinates and participates of characterization and monitoring of coastal, and ocean environment projects, focusing on the ecosystem of deep-water corals.

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Heitor Tozzi – CB&I Professional experience with projects of oceanography, meteorology and marine geology applied to licensing and development of Petroleum activities and infrastructure plans. 15 years worked at public institutions and private companies; constructing my career with environmental studies, field surveys, monitoring and exploration projects. As special interest with meteorological phenomena and the prevention of natural damages/disasters. Ilana Sallorenzo – Benthos Ambiental Doctor degree in Biological Oceanography at Universidade Federal Fluminense (2013). Director of Benthos Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental, environmental consulting company. Experience in the last 7 years in studies of environmental characterization projects of Campos and Espírito Santos Basins (Cenpes- Petrobras). Ingrid Costa - USP Developing PhD research at Zoology Museum of University of São Paulo. Marine biologist and taxonomist of marine isopoda especially from Deep Ocean. Team member of the Benthos Environmental Company. Katia Aguiar – BIO RIO General Director, responsible for BIO-RIO Technological Park - the first technology park of biotechnology in Latin America, created in 1988. Also responsible for representing the institution at the several national biotechnology groups and Rio de Janeiro biotechnology groups/ institutions. Karsten Kvalsund – REC Master degree in theoretical astrophysics from Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Have been piloting Seagliders (mostly) and Slocum gliders continuously since 2012. Involved in some field work at Runde Environmental Centre, and data visualization. Also contributes to other projects, ranging from ocean energy to sea bird ecology and sea bed mapping. Leonardo Santi - CSA Ocean Sciences Marine Biologist, Master degree in Marine Science and PhD Biological Oceanography with

20 years of oceanographic and environmental science experience. Senior Scientist in CSA Continental Shelf Associates Inc. (CSA Ciências Oceânica Ltda.), developing projects, proposals, and project logistics. Party Chief onboard research cruises for 10 years, using knowledge in Health, Safety, Security, and Environment (HSSE) requirements to conduct offshore projects and preparing vessels for port audits and client needs. Liana Silva – AECOM Oceanographer (UERJ), postgraduate degree in Environmental Analysis and Territorial Management from ENCE (IBGE) and master degree in Environmental Engineering (UERJ). She has experience in Environment Analysis, with emphasis in Biological and Chemical Oceanography. She is currently a Project Analyst and GIS team leader at AECOM Brazil. Luiz Henrique C. Barbosa –AECOM Oceanographer (FURG), Master Degree in Oceanography (FURG) and MBA in Business Management (FGV). He has been working with environmental studies, sea floor mapping/analysis and offshore/coastal monitoring projects for 11 years. He is currently a Project Manager and environmental monitoring team leader at AECOM Brasil. Marcos Tabuquine Marques - BioBureau He holds an Executive MBA from COPPEAD at UFRJ (2011). Postgraduate in Maintenance Engineering from COPPE - ABRAMAN at UFRJ (2004) and a degree in Chemical Engineering from the School of Chemistry of UFRJ (2003). Has experience in executive positions in the area of Process Engineering, Business Management and Innovation in Oil and Gas Market. Maria Carolina Henriques - JBRJ Doctor degree in Botany at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro working with biodiversity management and rhodoliths calcareous algae taxonomy. Participation on Habitat Project (Petrobras), PEMCA (Statoil), Baseline BG Group, Petrobras monitoring projects and Samarco impact assessment project.

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Maria Patricia Curbelo Fernandez – CSA Graduated in biology from the Universidad de la República, Uruguay, and with a Masters in Ecology from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Has experience of more than 15 years in deep marine environments, especially deep corals and rhodoliths. The Petrobras experience linked to these issues is very broad and Involves both boarding for sampling and imaging as well as coordination of research projects in deep environments. Maria Teresa Caldeira – CGPEG/IBAMA Biologa, D.Sc. Bioquimica. Pos-doc Biologia Molecular. Experiencia profissional: industria, academia e os ultimos 11 anos no licenciamento Ambiental/Ibama. Marcelo Mafra – ANP He has been working at ANP as a specialist in Oil & Gas regulation since 2006, having a short experience at the Downstream Division, performing inspections at Brazilian fuel retailers market. In 2008 he moved to the National Content Division, taking the position of Head of Local Content in 2011. In November of 2013 Marcelo accepted the invitation of ANP’s Board to be the Head of Operational Safety and Environment. Among other positions, Marcelo worked as Oil & Gas Project Coordinator at FIRJAN (Industry Federation of Rio de Janeiro State) and was a Development Engineer at the Materials Division of Petrobras. Marina Dore – AECOM Oceanographer (UERJ), Master Degree in Oceanography (UERJ). She has experience in preparation of environmental studies and reports (physical, chemical and biological aspects); Coordination of offshore campaigns to obtain oceanographic data (CTD, ADCP, multibeam and side scan sonar), sample collection (water, sediment, plankton and benthos); Background with seafloor inspection (ROV, drop cam) and Mapping in ArcGIS. She is currently Project Analyst at AECOM do Brasil. Mauricio da Rocha Fragoso - PROOCEANO Oceanographer with a PhD in Computational Modeling in Environmental Engineering at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Has been working on regional ocean modelling, data

assimilation and ocean measurements with gliders, Argo floats, drifters and remote sensing. He is one of the founders of Prooceano, an oceanographic technology company created in Rio de Janeiro in 2004, which provides services for Oil & Gas industry. Since 2012, became the General Manager, when Prooceano became part of the French international Group CLS. He is the Coordinator of Project Azul, the first Ocean Observing System established in Brazil, performed in collaboration with Federal University of Rio. Mario Sergio Azevedo de Oliveira - OLPRO Consultoria BSc Civil Engineering; MBA Oil & Gas. Executive Director OLPRO Consultoria. Experienced in Business Development, Project Management, Innovation in Oil & Gas, Energy and Mining Sectors. Morten Kompen - Compelling. Founder and CEO of his an independent consultancy and venture development company with operations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and in Oslo, Norway. A particular focus in later years has been on high technology companies in the O&G sector and projects related to the bioeconomy, including financing through Norwegian, European and Brazilian R&D programs. Nils-Roar Hareide - REC Master of Sc. degree in Fisheries Science, Norwegian College of Fisheries Science (1989). Scientist onboard at many deep water trawl surveys for the Marine Institute Ireland. Partner in an EU Project Development of Elasmobranch Assessments DELASS. Scientist in the Fisheries Division in Norway. Actually working in many international projects involving science, industry and economic development. Director of RundeMiljøSenter. Patricia Cotta – CSA She works in the environmental area since 2000 with environmental licensing, implementation of environmental programs and management of SMS processes. Carry out the preparation of units (drilling rigs and Supply) for IBMA inspection. Currently she is environmental coordinator for both offshore

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and onshore activities in the area of Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Paula Vieira Castellões - PIR2 Consultoria Ambiental MSc., bióloga, especialista em zooplâncton, oceânico e costeiro. TDesde dezembro de 2006 assumiu exclusivamente a direção executiva da PIR2 Consultoria Ambiental, onde vem desenvolvendo todo um trabalho de consolidação da empresa no mercado e ampliação da gama de serviços prestados baseada nas premissas de qualidade e correção consideradas quando da fundação da empresa. Rafael Moura -UFPE Doctor degree in Animal Biology at Federal University of Pernambuco, and research at Echinodermata Laboratory at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Working with echinoderms and performed in recent years the identification of benthic fauna from ROV images from Petrobras. Ronaldo Martins – ENSOTEC/SEBRAE He is graduated in Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, at Military Institute of Engineering (IME 1981 ) and Master Degreed in Subsea Engineering (Coppe/UFRJ 1997). He worked for seven years at the Brazilian Defense Ministry as Development Engineer and for more than 25 years at Petrobras. Since May2015, he is in charge of his own consulting firm, focused in the Oil&Gas industry, which has SEBRAE (RJ) and Gerson Lehrman Group (USA) as main clients. Roar Hansen - Kongsberg Have an engineering degrees in electronics and started to work for Kongsberg Maritime in 1982 as a Support engineer working with Subsea positioning and control / monitoring systems. Later he has been working in the Engineering department with the big "tailor made" Offshore installations in the North Sea and from 1999 to 2009 he was Project Manager for the AUV development and Project Manager for the very first AUV deliveries. In 2010 moved to Sales and responsible for "Americas". From 2015 has the Sales responsibility for UPM systems (Underwater Positioning and

Monitoring Systems) and is responsible for "Americas". Rune Andersen – Innovation Norway Rune has worked strengthening the commercial and RD&I ties between Norway and Brazil for several years from the Oslo office. Since 2012, Rune has worked based at Rio office. Rune has an extensive knowledge about the Brazilian culture, institutions and language. In addition, he works in close cooperation with clusters and research institutions. He has a MSc in Economics from the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. Susanna Eleonora Sichel – UFF Received her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in geology from the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro in Brazil and a Ph.D. in Oceanography from the University of Rhode Island, USA in 1990. She is currently a Full Professor at the department of Geology, Universidade Federal Fluminense. She has participated in a number of oceanographic cruises in collaboration with colleagues in the US and France, advised over 20 graduate students, and published approximately 40 papers, abstracts and book chapter Thiago Emilio Rohr- Benthos Ambiental Master degree in Oceanography at UNIVALE (2007). Director of Benthos Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental, environmental consulting company. Experience in the last 7 years in studies of environmental characterization projects of Campos and Espírito Santos Basins (Cenpes- Petrobras). Vanessa Berenguer - Benthos Ambiental Master degree in Biological Sciences at Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO, 2014). Project manager of Benthos Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental, environmental consulting company. Experience in the last 7 years in studies of environmental characterization projects of Campos and Espírito Santos Basins (Cenpes/ Petrobras). Vicente Carrasco - Kongsberg Maritime do Brasil Ltda.

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Service engineer (s.a. sedni): Service assistance engineer on Simulators and Navigation System from Norcontrol Systems & Norcontrol Seacraft. Level measurement System from Scana Skarpenor.S ervice engineer (simrad spain sl): Customer Support on Fishery, Fishery Research, Simulation, Hydrographic and Yachting Equipment. Sales assistance for demonstrations, seminars, daily contact with local dealers. SUBSEA Sales manager (simrad spain sl ): Sales & marketing on Simulation, Hydrographic & Fishery Research Equipment and Subsea Portfolio in general. Actually on sales for Subsea portfolio. 12. LINKS: ANP – (National Agency of Petroleum) http://www.anp.gov.br/wwwanp/ AECOM – http://www.aecom.com/ BioBureau - http://www.biobureau.com.br/ BIORIO - http://www.biorio.org.br/ Benthos Ambiental -www.benthosambiental.com.br/ CB&I - http://www.cbi.com/Home COPPE/UFRJ - http://www.coppe.ufrj.br CSA - https://www.csaocean.com/ FINEP- http://www.finep.gov.br/about-finep Gardline - http://www.gardline.com/ IBAMA – (Brazilian Environmental Agency) http://www.ibama.gov.br/ Innovation Norway - http://www.innovasjonnorge.no/ Kongsberg Maritime - https://www.km.kongsberg.com Petrobras - http://www.petrobras.com/en/home.htm PIR2 Consultoria Ambiental - http://www.pir2.com.br PROOCEANO - http://www.prooceano.com.br SEBRAE - http://www.sebrae.com.br/sites/PortalSebrae/canais_adicionais/sebrae_english Statoil – http://www.statoil.com/en/Pages/default.asp

13. REFERENCES: Almada, G.V.M., and Bernardino, A.F., 2017. Conservation of deep-sea ecossystems within offshore oil fields on the Brazilian Margins, SW. Atlantic. Biol. Cons. 206, 92-101.

ANP, 2015. Anarioo estastistico brasileiro de Petroleo, gas natural e combustiveis. ANP (ISSN1983;5884) Arantes R.C.M., Castro C.B., Pires D.O., Sezoane, J.C.S. 2009.Depth and water mass zonation and species association of cold-water octocoral and stony coral communitites in the southwestern Atlantic. Mar.Ecol.Prog.Ser.397,71-79 Bernardino, A.F. Berenguer, V., Ribeiro-Ferreira V.P., 2016. Bathymetric and regional changes in bethic macrofauna assemblages on the the deep eastern Brazilian Margin, SW Atlantic, DeepResearch I 111,110-120p. Clarck M.R., Roying ecologwden, A.A., Schlacher, T.A., Guinotte, J., Dunstan P., Wllians, A. O’hara, T.D.O., Watling, L., Niklitschek, E., Tsuchida, S. 2014. Identifying ecologically or bioecologically significant areas (EBSA): a systemathic method and its application to seamounts in the South Pacific. Ocean Cost Manag. 91 65-79. Cordes, E.E., Jones, D.O.B., Schlacher, T.A., Amon, D.J., Bernardino, A.F., Brooke, S., Carney, R., DeLeo, D.M., Dunlop, K.M., Escobar-Briones, E., Gates, A.R., Genio, L., Gobin, J., Henry, L.-A., Herrera, S., Hoyt, S., Joye, S., Kark, S., Mestre, N.C., Metaxas, A., Pfeifer, S., Sink, K., Sweetman, A.K., Witte, U. 2016. Environmental impacts of the deep-water oil and gas industry: a review to guide management strategies. Front. Environ. Sci. Vol. 4, Issue 58, Page 58. Hareide, N.R., Gjessing, J., Grepstad, J.O., Erber C., Kvalsund, K., Kvalsund B., 2016. The Deep-Sea Pilto Project, 39p. Kark., S., Brokovich, E., Tessa M., Levin N. 2015. Emerging conservation challenges and prospects in an era of offshore hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation. Cons.Biol. 29(6), 1573-1585. Nilssen, I., Santos, F., Coutinho, R. Gomes, N., Cabral, M.M., Eide, I., Figueiredo, M.A.O., Johnsen, G., Johnsen., S. Assessing the potential impact of water-based drill cuttings on deep-water calcareous red algae using species specific impact categories and measured oceanographic and discharge data. Marine Environmental Research. Volume 112, Part A, December 2015, Pages 68–77.

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