Works CitedMLA Format

MLA Definition

• Modern Language Association• Widely used for citations and

references in the humanities, such as English

• MLA citation style uses a combination of parenthetical citations in the text of the document and a list of works cited located at the end of the document. Parenthetical citations are placed at the end of a quotation. They refer the reader to the list of works cited for a more complete citation.

Works Cited/Consulted • List of references• Complete information on each source• All in-text citations must have a full citation

on the Works Cited page.• Since Web address often

change, MLA no longer requires the use of URLs in citations. However, most of your teachers at Aventa will require the URL. You should include the URL unless you are told not to by your teacher. Always follow your teacher’s preference!

Works Cited: Basic Rules• Begin your Works Cited page on a

separate page at the end of your research paper. –1 inch margins –Header with your last name & page

number• Center the words Works Cited at the

top of the page.• Double space all citations, but do not

skip spaces between entries.• Indent the second and following lines

of citations five spaces so that you create a hanging indent

Basic Rules

• For every entry, you must determine the Medium of Publication. Most entries will likely be listed as Print or Web sources, but other possibilities may include Film, CD-ROM, or DVD

• List page numbers only when citing a journal that is part of a larger work. If you refer to a journal article that appeared on pages 225 through 250, list the page numbers on your Works Cited page as 225-50.

Basic Rules• Capitalize each word in the titles of

articles, books, etc, but do not capitalize articles (the, an), prepositions, or conjunctions unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle: Gone with the Wind, The Art of War, There Is Nothing Left to Lose.

• Use italics (instead of underlining) for titles of larger works (books, magazines) and quotation marks for titles of shorter works (poems, articles)

Capitalization and Punctuation

• Capitalize each word in titles, but do not capitalize articles (the, an), prepositions, or conjunctions unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle: Gone with the Wind, The Art of War, There Is Nothing Left to Lose.

• New to MLA 2009: Use italics (instead of underlining) for titles of larger works (books, magazines) and quotation marks for titles of shorter works (poems, articles)

Listing Author Names• Entries are listed alphabetically by the

author's last name (or, for entire edited collections, editor names). Author names are written last name first; middle names or middle initials follow the first name:–Burke, Kenneth–Levy, David M.–Wallace, David Foster

Common Features to

Find

Collect as much of the following information as possible before citing electronic sources in MLA style:

1.Author and/or editor names (if available)2.Article name in quotation marks (if

applicable)3.Title of the Website, project, or book in italics. 4.Any version numbers available, including

revisions, posting dates, volumes, or issue numbers.

5.Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date.

6.Date you accessed the material.

Citing an Entire Site• List your date of access. Be sure to include the

complete address for the site.• Use n.p. if no publisher name is available and

n.d. if no publishing date is given.• Editor, author, or compiler name (if available).

Name of Site. Version number. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site, date of resource creation (if available). Medium of publication. Date of access.

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008. Web. 23 Apr. 2008.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. Web. 10 May 2006.

A Page on a Web SiteList the author if known, followed by the information covered above for entire Web sites. Use n.p. if no publisher name is available and n.d. if no publishing date is given

"How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow.com. eHow, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2009.

No Known Author• Alphabetize works with no known author by

their title; use a shortened version of the title in the parenthetical citations in your paper. In this case, Boring Postcards USA has no known author:

Examples:Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulations.

[...]Boring Postcards USA. [...]Burke, Kenneth. A Rhetoric of Motives. [...]

Example Works Cited Page

Works Cited

"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense Fund.

Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New

York Times, 22 May 2007. Web. 25 May 2009.

GlobalWarming.org. Cooler Heads Coalition, 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Co-evolutionary

Economics of Sustainability." International Journal of Sustainable Development

and World Ecology 14.1 (2007): 27-36. Print.

Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of

Climatology. New York: Springer, 2005. Print.

---. "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: 1283-84. Science Online.

Web. 24 May 2009.

Shulte, Bret. "Putting a Price on Pollution." Usnews.com. US News & World Rept., 6

May 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

The Purdue Online Writing LabOWL

• The Online Writing Lab at Purdue is an excellent resource.

• If you are unsure as to how to properly cite something, look at the OWL

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/11/

Summary

• Always cite your sources• A Works Cited page is required

anytime you use sources• Your Works Cited page is always last• If you are unsure how to cite

something, look at Purdue’s OWL

Works ConsultedThe Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, 2010. Web. (13 October 2010). Rosen, Leonard, and Laurence Behrens. The Allyn and Bacon Handbook.

5th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2003. Printhttp://www.4x4er.co.uk/home.html (17 October 2010).http://blogs.e-rockford.com/applesauce/2009/06/page/2/ (17 October 2010).http://www.cam-can.org/search/index.html (17 October 2010).http://www.digitalproductionme.com/article-1708-middle_east_adds_500000_internet_users_a_month/

(17 October 2010).http://www.eaglecampmotorsports.net/webring.html (13 October 2010)http://www.essay.tv/ (13 October 2010).http://www.ezdiyelectricity.com/?p=471 (17 October 2010).http://www.guidetoliteraryagents.com/blog/CategoryView,category,QueriesAndSynopsesAndProposals.aspx

(17 October 2010).

http://www.projectoneinc.com/2009/07/custom-essay-writing-is-not-easy-one.html

(13 October 2010).

http://www.sachsreport.com/archive1.2.htm (17 October 2010).