working sysem in an automobile 2
TRANSCRIPT
To run a automobile a number of machines and
mechanism are implemented.
Different Systems like ignition , transmission , cooling
,suspension, exhaust , braking system are used in a
automobile.
These all systems working in a single unit make the
automobile to work with it’s efficiency.
To start a car we simply turn the ignition switch
clockwise.
The science behind this stating a car is a perfect
application of electro-magnetic induction.
When we turn the ignition switch on , current flows
from battery to ignition coil.
One end of ignition coil is connected with contact
breaker.
A cam is connected directly to the camshaft .
It is used to open and close the contact breaker.
A condenser absorbs the back emf to increase the
life of contact points.
When the cam lob pushes the CB, the current flow
suddenly breaks .
A distributor is used to for voltage transmission .
Rotor revolves and transmit the current according to
ignition timing.
When the rotor comes exactly in front of the distributor
point the voltage jumps due to air gap.
Spark plug terminal consist of central electrode
, ground electrode and insulator.
Voltage passes through central electrode.
Insulator resist the voltage loss.
When voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of
gases , gases became ionized.
Current flows through air gap and spark Is
finally produced.
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Continuous operation in IC engine raises the internal
temperature.
For safe working of engine ,a optimum temperature
should be maintained .
For this particular functioning Cooling System is very
essential.
Engine produces power by converting chemical energy
of fuel into the heat energy by combustion.
A part of total power produced is used to push the piston
to produce power.
Thermostat acts a regulating valve.
It restrict the flow of coolant until the temperature of
coolant increases at the working temp. of engine i.e. 200-
250 degree cel.
At this time the heater inside the cabin is turned on and
the coolant flows towards this.
It works as heat exchanger which radiate heat to the air
inside the passenger compartment.
The hot coolant flows through the upper radiator tank.
Radiator cap regulates the pressure inside the tank.
Opening of this cap allows the coolant to flow towards
the overflow tank.
Inside the radiator while flowing downwards the coolant
gives the heat to the ambient air and cools down.
Fan increases the draught.
Cooling Fins are used for better cooling effect.
When the coolant reaches to the lower tank , the temp .
Considerably comes downs.
During the engine operation gases are burnt and these
burnt gases are required to get exhausted.
Engine exhaust system consist of exhaust manifold ,
catalytic convertor, resonator, muffler and tail pipe.
Exhaust gases along with sound wave are sent to
exhaust manifold through exhaust valve.
Catalytic convertor consist of two ceramic blocks.
One consist of Platinum and Rhodium while the
Second consist of platinum and palladium.
These metals act as catalyst.
The hot toxic gases enters in the 1st ceramic block
and heat it up .
The catalyst comes in action.
After flowing through catalytic convertor ,Gases
become less toxic but the consist to sound waves.
To cancel these sound waves gases are flew through
Muffler.
Muffler consist of 4chamber of different sizes.
