RoadSafety@iastate.edu

Work Zone SafetyWork Zone Safety

SDMay04-01Spring 2004

DISCLAIMER: This document is provided as part of the requirements of a civil engineering course at Iowa State University and does not constitute a professional engineering design or a professional land surveying document. Although the information is intended to be accurate, students, instructors, and Iowa State University make no claims, promises, or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information. The user of this document shall ensure that such use does not violate Iowa law with regard to professional licensing and certification requirements, including any work resulting from this student-prepared document required to be under the responsible charge of a licensed engineer or surveyor.

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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

ClientClientMark Bortle, Mark Bortle, Safety EngineerSafety Engineer (IaDOT) (IaDOT)

AdvisorsAdvisorsDr. John Lamont (ECpE)Dr. John Lamont (ECpE)Prof. Ralph Patterson III (ECpE)Prof. Ralph Patterson III (ECpE)AAP Duane Smith P.E. (CCEE)AAP Duane Smith P.E. (CCEE)Prof. Veronica Dark (Psych)Prof. Veronica Dark (Psych)

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OverviewOverview

Safety Problems in the Work zone

Work zone broken into 7 “segments”

Team members tasked with different solutions that fit in the various “segments”

Final recommendations for each section made

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Defining the RS-4 Work ZoneDefining the RS-4 Work ZoneMatthew Baker: EEMatthew Baker: EE

Analyzing Crash DataAnalyzing Crash DataNancy Suby-Bohn: CENancy Suby-Bohn: CE

OutlineOutline

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Rumble StripsRumble StripsJosh Keith: CEJosh Keith: CE

Fine Display SignFine Display SignAngel Anderson: CprEAngel Anderson: CprE

Automated SystemAutomated SystemAbdul Nuhu: EEAbdul Nuhu: EE

OutlineOutline

“Grabbing driver’s cognitive reasoning”“Grabbing driver’s cognitive reasoning”

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511 Phone/Website511 Phone/WebsiteClinton Dawson: CprEClinton Dawson: CprE

Educating the PublicEducating the PublicAmit Agarwal: CprEAmit Agarwal: CprE

OutlineOutline

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List of DefinitionsList of Definitions

IaDOT : Iowa Department of TransportationIaDOT : Iowa Department of Transportation CTRE : Center for Transportation Research and CTRE : Center for Transportation Research and

EducationEducation AADTAADT MUTCDMUTCD

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Picture courtesy of MUTCD 2000

Flagger

Combined with a pilot car

Lane Closure• stretches up to 2 ½ miles

Flagger

Road Standard – 4 Work zone Road Standard – 4 Work zone (RS-4)(RS-4)

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Approaches Used - GridApproaches Used - Grid

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Approaches Used - MatrixApproaches Used - Matrix

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1 - Lane closure 2 - Lane shift/crossover (head-to-head traffic) ** 3 - Work on Shoulder or median 4 - Intermittent or Moving work ** 8 - Other type of work zone (explained in narrative) 9 - Unknown

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Temporary Rumble StripsTemporary Rumble Strips

Placement- Advance Warning AreaPlacement- Advance Warning Area Tactile and auditory stimulus to focus driver’s Tactile and auditory stimulus to focus driver’s

attention on impending constructionattention on impending construction ATM temporary rumble strips most tested- at least ATM temporary rumble strips most tested- at least

6 states6 states ¼” Thickness combined with road construction ¼” Thickness combined with road construction

orangeorange Majority of research taken from MwSWZDI and Majority of research taken from MwSWZDI and

Texas Transportation InstituteTexas Transportation Institute Our goal was to make a final recommendation for Our goal was to make a final recommendation for

Iowa from the researchIowa from the research

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RecommendationsRecommendations To be consistent with the work zone and the To be consistent with the work zone and the

MUTCD, rumble strips shall always be construction MUTCD, rumble strips shall always be construction orangeorange

Rumble strips to be implemented on roads with less Rumble strips to be implemented on roads with less than 2000 AADT based on the crash datathan 2000 AADT based on the crash data

10 strips 10’ apart followed by 500’ feet10 strips 10’ apart followed by 500’ feet Then 8 Strips, 5’ apart followed by 500 feet Then 8 Strips, 5’ apart followed by 500 feet Last set of 8 strips shall be 18” apartLast set of 8 strips shall be 18” apart 150’ in advance of the “Road Work Ahead” sign 150’ in advance of the “Road Work Ahead” sign

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- Rumble Strips being tamped into place

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Work Zone Exit/EntranceWork Zone Exit/Entrance

Goal: Design all encompassing systemGoal: Design all encompassing system Configure light timing mechanismsConfigure light timing mechanisms Determine most effective light configurationDetermine most effective light configuration Modify traffic lights to needed specificationsModify traffic lights to needed specifications

Four types of work zones consideredFour types of work zones considered Possible SystemsPossible Systems

R.C flagman (Model RCF 2.4R.C flagman (Model RCF 2.4)) Incorporates breakaway gateIncorporates breakaway gate Automatic Mode and Manual ModeAutomatic Mode and Manual Mode Future modifications to signal rangeFuture modifications to signal range Future incorporation of advanced sensory mechanismFuture incorporation of advanced sensory mechanism

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Work Zone Exit/Entrance Cont…Work Zone Exit/Entrance Cont…

Horizon Signal Technologies (SQ3TS) Easy visibility from multiple vantage points. Malfunctions are detectable in the system, and are

relayed to a cellular phone. Needs physical barrier

Recommendations for a universal device Highly visual qualities of the PLT model Long range capabilities Gated System Advanced vehicle detection system Highly configurable network

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Examples of Flow Control devicesExamples of Flow Control devices

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Speed Control After Initial WarningsSpeed Control After Initial Warnings

““Getting one’s attention is not the same Getting one’s attention is not the same as getting to one’s decision process.”as getting to one’s decision process.”

Learned Irrelevance – lack of need to respondLearned Irrelevance – lack of need to respond Conscious Choice – realizing a need to respondConscious Choice – realizing a need to respond

Instrumental Conditioning – reaction to police carInstrumental Conditioning – reaction to police car

Veronica Dark, Assoc Professor, Veronica Dark, Assoc Professor, Department of Psychology, ISUDepartment of Psychology, ISU

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SignsSigns

www.addcoinc.com/t_smart.htm and pennsylvania IDOT

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Variable Message Variable Message Fine Display SignFine Display Sign

Radar + Variable Message Board + FineRadar + Variable Message Board + Fine ProgrammableProgrammable Data Collection OptionsData Collection Options

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Things to ConsiderThings to Consider

Variety of Message Boards, Software, and modificationsEffective Fine Message

(e.g. “The cost for your speed would be…”) Testing

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511 Phone/Website511 Phone/Website

Suggestions to improve or change current 511 Suggestions to improve or change current 511 website and phone systemwebsite and phone system

Add features that are desiredAdd features that are desired Spread awareness among public to increase use Spread awareness among public to increase use Raise user friendliness of the systemRaise user friendliness of the system

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511 proposed changes511 proposed changes

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Educational componentEducational component

Multiple Objectives:Multiple Objectives: Educate the public (drivers, future drivers)Educate the public (drivers, future drivers)

Different types of drivers (SUVs, cars, trucks, etc..)Different types of drivers (SUVs, cars, trucks, etc..) Different approaches for each categoryDifferent approaches for each category

Educate the construction workersEducate the construction workers Using the new setupUsing the new setup Basic safety guidelines to followBasic safety guidelines to follow

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ResearchResearch

Research methods used currentlyResearch methods used currently Whom do they target?Whom do they target? Do they fulfill the requirement of the project?Do they fulfill the requirement of the project? Adaptable?Adaptable? Cost EffectivenessCost Effectiveness

Different campaigns underwayDifferent campaigns underway Study the campaigns in Iowa and other statesStudy the campaigns in Iowa and other states Campaigns in other countries (EU, Canada, etc..)Campaigns in other countries (EU, Canada, etc..) Analyze their effectivenessAnalyze their effectiveness Whether they are realizable in IowaWhether they are realizable in Iowa

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MediumMedium

Electronic Media (PSA’s, TV, Radio)Electronic Media (PSA’s, TV, Radio) Newspapers (local, national)Newspapers (local, national) MagazinesMagazines Internet (better presentation on IaDoT site, Internet (better presentation on IaDoT site,

Google, etc..)Google, etc..) Pamphlets and flyers at local eventsPamphlets and flyers at local events Work Zone Safety Week eventsWork Zone Safety Week events Driver’s manual for driving exam (commercial, Driver’s manual for driving exam (commercial,

private)private) Educational material in school, driving schoolEducational material in school, driving school

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MethodologyMethodology

Researched and discussed target audienceResearched and discussed target audience CampaignsCampaigns Other mediaOther media AnalysisAnalysis Final RecommendationFinal Recommendation

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Future WorkFuture Work

Implementing of individual components by senior Implementing of individual components by senior design teams as desired by IaDoTdesign teams as desired by IaDoT

Testing by the IaDoT during constructionTesting by the IaDoT during construction Analysis of results and updating the design as Analysis of results and updating the design as

required, by future teamsrequired, by future teams Involvement by other states in improving the setupInvolvement by other states in improving the setup

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Resource RequirementsResource Requirements

Personnel Effort RequirementsPersonnel Effort Requirements

Amit AgarwalAmit AgarwalAngel AndersonAngel AndersonMatt BakerMatt BakerClinton DawsonClinton DawsonJosh KeithJosh KeithAbdul NuhuAbdul NuhuNancy Suby-BohnNancy Suby-Bohn

Total HoursTotal Hours

99.599.5149.5149.5121.5121.5148.5148.5164.5164.5138.0138.0211.5211.5

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Project CostsProject Costs

ItemItemW/O W/O

LaborLabor With LaborWith Labor

        

Parts and materialsParts and materials      

NoneNone $0$0 $0$0

Labor @$10.30Labor @$10.30      

Abdul NuhuAbdul Nuhu $0$0 $1421.40$1421.40

Angel AndersonAngel Anderson $0$0 $1539.85$1539.85

Amit AgarwalAmit Agarwal $0$0 $1024.85$1024.85

Matt BakerMatt Baker $0$0 $1251.45$1251.45

Josh KeithJosh Keith $0$0 $1694.35$1694.35

Nancy Suby-BohnNancy Suby-Bohn $0$0 $2178.45$2178.45

Clinton DawsonClinton Dawson $0$0 $1529.55$1529.55

FundingFunding $ Flow$ Flow

BudgetBudget $150$150

student sharestudent share $16.00/person$16.00/person

CostCost   

Project PlanProject Plan $14 $14 

PosterPoster $70$70

Design reportDesign report $17$17

Final reportFinal report $17$17

Total CostTotal Cost $118$118

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Schedule – Estimated and Actual Schedule – Estimated and Actual

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ConclusionConclusion

Different components being designed for greater Different components being designed for greater effectivenesseffectiveness

All the components might not be implemented All the components might not be implemented immediately or togetherimmediately or together

Components are aimed for maximum cognitive Components are aimed for maximum cognitive stimulationstimulation

Components meet design plan submitted to the Components meet design plan submitted to the clientclient

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