word stress rules in

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Word Stress Rules in EnglishWhat is word stress?

In some languages, each syllable in each word is pronounced with the exact same stress.

English is not one of those languages. English has its own rhythm, complete with its own

vocal music. This means that one part of a certain word is said louder and longer than otherparts of the same word.

It is something that is completely natural for English speakers, but something ESL studentscan learn from practicing their conversational skills and by learning the rules for usingword stress.

A few things to remember:1. A word can only have one stress. In a very long word you can have a secondary stressbut it is always a much smaller stress.

2. nly vowels are stressed! not consonants.The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, and u.The consonants are all the other letters.

efore continuing, make sure you read and understand the basics of !ord Stress andSyllables.

Word stress rules". Two#Syllable nouns and ad"ectives$. Two#Syllable verbs and #re#ositions

%. Three#Syllable words&. !ords ending in er, or, ly'. !ords ending in consonants and in y(. !ords with various endings). !ords ending in ee, ese , i$ue , ette*. +refixes. Stress on the second from the end syllable"-. Stress on the third from end syllable"". !ord stress for com#ound words"$. +hrasal verbs"%. +roper nouns"&. eflexive pronouns"'. /umbers

1. %wo&Syllable nouns and ad"ectivesIn most two syllable nounsand ad0ectives, the first syllable takes on the stress.
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E'am#les:S12ples

31ton 34lorful 1Iny

2. %wo&Syllable verbs and #re#ositionsIn most two syllable verbsandprepositions, the stress is on the second syllable.E'am#les:reL15

recEI6E diE3T a24/7 aSI8E beT!EE/

(ore about word stress on two&syllable words 1bout *-9 or so of two#syllable words get their stress on the first syllable. There are of course, exceptions to this rule, but very few nouns and ad0ectives get

stress on their second syllable. 6erbs and prepositions usually get stress placed on the second syllable, but there

are exceptions to this too.

). %hree&Syllable words:or three syllable words, look at the word ending ;the suffix


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718ient 34/tainer

,. Words with various endingsTake a good look at the list of suffixes below ;suffixes are word endingsour stress is going to come on the syllable right before the suffix. This applies to words ofall syllable lengths.E'am#les:

". able:188able, 1able, 8?able$. ary:+I2ary, 8Iary, liary%. cial:0u8Icial, nonS4cial&. cian:muSIcian, phySIcian, cli/I3ian

'. ery:1kery, S3E/ery(. gra#hy:calLIgraphy, bibli4graphy, sten4graphy). ial:celesTIal, iniTIal, 0u8I3ial*. ian:co2Edian, ci6ILian, tech/Ician. ible:viSIble, terIble, reSIstible"-. ic:ar3@1ic, plaT4nic, synT@Etic"". ical:21gical, L4gical, 3Itical"$. ics:diaEtics, paedi1trics"%. ion:classifi31tion, repoSItion, vegeT1tion"&. ity:im2?nity, 71vity, 61nity

"'. ium:@Elium, 1L?minum, +Emium"(. imum:2Inimum, 215imum, 4+timum"). logy:Iology, 31diology, 1diology"*. tal:ca+Ital, bi341stal, re3Ital

-. Words ending in ee! ese! i$ue! ette!ords that use the suffix ee, ese, eer, i$ueor ette, have the primary stress actually placedon the suffix.

This applies to words of all syllable lengths.

E'am#les:

". ee:agrEE, 0amborEE, guarantEE$. eer:sightsEE, puppetEE%. ese:SiamESE, AapanESE, cheESE&. ette:cassETTE, 3orvETTE, towelETTE'. i$ue:unIB?E, physIB?E


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. /refi'es?sually, prefixes do not take the stress of a word.There are a few exceptions to this rule, however, likeC un, in, #re, e'andmis, which are allstressed in their prefix.

E'am#les:

". e':E5ample, E5planation, E5amine$. in:I/side, I/efficient, I/terest%. mis:2ISspoke, 2IStake, 2ISspelled&. #re:+Ecede, +Earrange, +Eliminary

0. Stress on the second from the end syllable>ou put stress on the second syllable from the end of the word, with words endingin ic, sionand tion.

E'am#les:i34/ic hyperTE/sion nuTItion

1. Stress on the third from end syllable>ou put stress on the third from end syllable with words that end in cy, ty,#hy, gyand al.

E'am#les:

demo31cy TE1ty ge47raphy 1Llergy /1?tical

11. Word stress for com#ound wordsA. om#ound noun

1 compound noun is a noun made out of two nounsin order to form one word. In acompound noun, the first word usually takes on the stress.E'am#les:SE1food

I3Eland T44T@paste

3. om#ound ad"ectives1 compound ad0ective is an ad0ectivecomposed of at least two words.4ften, hyphens are used in compound ad0ectives. In compound ad0ectives, the stress isplaced within the second word.
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E'am#les:ten#2Eter

rock#S4lid fifteen#2Inute

. om#ound verbs

1 compound verb is when a sub0ect has two or more verbs. The stress is on the second oron the last part.E'am#les:

2atilda loves bread but deTESTS butter. Sarah baked cookies and 1TE them up. 8ogs love to eat bones and love 8I/king water.

4. 5oun 6 com#ound nouns/ounD compound /ouns are two word compound nouns. In noun D compound noun, the

stress is on the first word.E'am#les:1Iplane mechanic

+40ect manager 418room member

12. /hrasal verbs+hrasal verbsare words made from a verbandpreposition.In phrasal verbs, the second word gets the stress ;the preposition


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1*. Refle'ive #ronounseflexive pronounsshow that the action affects the person who performs the action. :orexampleC I hit myself.

The second syllable usually takes the stress.

E'am#les:

mySEL: themSEL6ES ourSEL6ES

1+. 5umbersIf the number is a multiple of ten, the stress is placed on the first syllable.E'am#les:

TE/ :I:ty 4/Ehundred

Word stress and dictionaries1nother great tip for beginning English learners is to grab a dictionary.8ictionaries are great tools for learning word stress.:or every word, the dictionary indicates where the stress goes, for example by placing anapostrophe before the stress.Take a look at your dictionary to find out how your dictionary indicates word stress.

Rules of Word Stress in English

There are two very simple rules about word stressC". ne word has only one stress.;4ne word cannot have two stresses. If you heartwo stresses, you hear two words. Two stresses cannot be one word. It is true thatthere can be a FsecondaryF stress in some words. ut a secondary stress is muchsmaller than the main GprimaryH stress, and is only used in long words.a s cFc danh tI vP tNnh tI 2 Jm tiKt thL trMng Jm chNnh nhOn vPo Jm tiKtthQ 1

E'am#le :mountain evening butcher carpet busy villagesummer birthday porter pretty morning winterbeggar table handsome .....5goi trI : maKchine misKtake aKlone aKsleep .....). 4anh tI gh# thTUng cV trMng Jm chNnh nhOn vPo Jm tiKt 1 :E'am#le :raincoat tea# cup film# maker shorthand bookshop footpath

shortlist airline bedroom typewriter snowstorm suitcaseairport dishwasher passport hot# dog bathroomspeed limit sunrise*. %Nnh tI gh# thTUng cV trMng Jm chNnh nhOn vPo tI thQ 1! nhTng nKu tNnh tI

gh# mP tI Gu tiXn lP tNnh tI hay trng tI YAd"ective or adverbZ ho[c \Kt th]cb^ng Gu_i & E4 thL trMng Jm chNnh li nhOn ` tI thQ 2 . %Tng t GHng tI gh#vP trng tI gh# cV trMng Jm chNnh nhOn vPo tI thQ 2 :

E'am#le :home # sick air# sick praiseworthy water# proof trustworthy lighting# fast ,5hTng :

bad# temper short# sighted well# informed upsKtairswell M done short# handed north# east down# streamwell M dressed ill M treated downKstairs north M west ...+. Fc tI \Kt th]c b^ng cFc Gu_i : how! what! where! .... thL trMng Jm chNnh nhOn

vPo vn 1 :anywhere somehow somewhere ....,. Fc tI 2 Jm tiKt bt Gu b^ng A thL trMng Jm nhOn vPo Jm tiKt thQ 2 :1Kbed aKbout aKbove aKbackaKgain aKlone aKchieve aKlike1Klive aKgo aKsleep aKbroad aKside aKbuseaKfraid-. Fc tI tn cng b^ng cFc Gu_i ! & ety! & ity! & ion !& sion! & cial!& ically! & ious!

&eous! & ian! & ior! & iar! iasm & ience! & iency! & ient! & ier! & ic! & ics! &ial! &ical! &ible!&uous! &ics! ium! & logy! & so#hy!& gra#hy & ular! & ulum ! thL trMng Jm nhOn vPoJm tiKt ngay truc nV :

deKcision dicKtation libraKrian exKperience premier soKcietyartiKficial suKperior efKficiency reKpublic matheKmatics couKrageousfaKmiliar conKvenient


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5goi trI : cathonic ;thiNn chOa giPo


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?/8E# deKveloped underdeKveloped

5goi lp: ?nderstatementC lNi n[i nh\ ]i;n< ?ndergroundCng^m ;ad0 diKrect diKrectlyE=4=1/T worker = actor/7=I6E beKgin beKginningISE= I_E memori`eE/ widen2E/T emKployment/ESS happinessS@I+ friendship@448 childhood12. %I cV ) Jm tiKt:1. >Hng tI: TrVng m ri vYo m tit th $ nu m tit th % c[ nguyn m ngn vY kt thc

bng " ph mC EgC encounter =ijKkaunt= determine =diKt%Cmin= TrVng m s ri vYo m tit th nht nu m tit th % lY nguyn m dYi hay

nguyn m ]i hay kt thc bng $ ph m tr lnC exercise = Jekssai`=,compromise= GJkmprmai`H

5goi lp:entertain =entKtein= compreKhend ..2. 4anh tI: /u m tit cuWi ;th %< c[ nguyn m ngn hay nguyn m ]i qu /u m tit th $ cha nguyn m dYi hay nguyn m ]i hay kt thc bng $

ph m tr ln th nhn m tit th $ EgC potato =pXteitu= diaster = diX`aCst=

/u m tit th % cha nguyn m ngn vY m tit th $ cha nguyn m ngn vYm tit th $ kt thc bng " ph m th nhn m tit th "CEgC emperor = Xempr= cinema = Xsinm= Xcontrary Xfactory /u m tit th % cha nguyn m dYi hoc nguyn m ]i hoc kt thc bng $

ph m tr ln th nhn m tit "EgC Xarchitect.

3h C tnh t % m tit tng tz nh danh t


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3{ch s| dng t ]i}n3{c lo~i t trong ting 1nh3{c lo~i cu trong ting 1nh". 3u khng ]Rnh

$. 3u phZ ]Rnh%. 3u nghi vn>a s nhqng tI 2 Jm tiKt cV trMng Jm ` Jm tiKt Gu ! nhOt lP \hi tn cng b^ng : er! or!y! ow! ance! ent ! en! on.ExCciment= siJment=C ximng event =iJvent=C sz kin.>a s nhqng tI cV ) Jm tiKt cV trMng Jm ` Jm tiKt Gu ! nhOt lP \hi tn cng lP :ary!erty! ity! oyr>a s nhqng GHng tI cV 2 Jm tiKt ! trMng Jm n^m ` Jm tiKt thQ 2ExC

repeat = riJpiCt= Cnhc l~i%rMng Jm trTc nhqng vn sau GJy: &cial! &tial! &cion! &sion! &tion!&ience!&ient!&cian!&tious!&cious! &'iousExCJspecial, Jdicussion, Jnation, poliJtician; chnh trR gia

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